1
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Tan S, Cao L. Clinical characteristics and genetic mutations of 10 Chinese children with cystic fibrosis or cystic frbrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-related disorders. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:1753-1755. [PMID: 37678334 PMCID: PMC11268803 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ling Cao
- Department of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
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2
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Eltonsy AM, Amlani K, Schleicher M, McCurry KR, Mehta AC. Diaphragmatic palsy following lung transplantation. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230270. [PMID: 39048128 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0270-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Diaphragmatic palsy after lung transplantation has been reported infrequently. Given the role of the diaphragm in respiration, the palsy may play a significant role in the post-surgical recovery as well as morbidity and mortality. This review summarises the current literature to better understand diaphragmatic palsy in the post lung-transplant setting among adults. A thorough literature search was conducted through multiple databases and 91 publications were identified that fit the research question. The review aimed to report the burden of this problem, explore different modalities of diagnosis reported, the effect of various clinical factors and treatment modalities, as well as their effects on outcomes. Additionally, it aimed to highlight the variability, limitations of reported data, and the absence of a standardised approach. This review emphasises the crucial need for more dedicated research to better address this clinical challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr M Eltonsy
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Kasr Al Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Karan Amlani
- Critical Care Department, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mary Schleicher
- Cleveland Clinic Floyd D. Loop Alumni Library, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kenneth R McCurry
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Atul C Mehta
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
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3
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Burgel PR, Southern KW, Addy C, Battezzati A, Berry C, Bouchara JP, Brokaar E, Brown W, Azevedo P, Durieu I, Ekkelenkamp M, Finlayson F, Forton J, Gardecki J, Hodkova P, Hong G, Lowdon J, Madge S, Martin C, McKone E, Munck A, Ooi CY, Perrem L, Piper A, Prayle A, Ratjen F, Rosenfeld M, Sanders DB, Schwarz C, Taccetti G, Wainwright C, West NE, Wilschanski M, Bevan A, Castellani C, Drevinek P, Gartner S, Gramegna A, Lammertyn E, Landau EEC, Plant BJ, Smyth AR, van Koningsbruggen-Rietschel S, Middleton PG. Standards for the care of people with cystic fibrosis (CF); recognising and addressing CF health issues. J Cyst Fibros 2024; 23:187-202. [PMID: 38233247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
This is the third in a series of four papers updating the European Cystic Fibrosis Society (ECFS) standards for the care of people with CF. This paper focuses on recognising and addressing CF health issues. The guidance was produced with wide stakeholder engagement, including people from the CF community, using an evidence-based framework. Authors contributed sections, and summary statements which were reviewed by a Delphi consultation. Monitoring and treating airway infection, inflammation and pulmonary exacerbations remains important, despite the widespread availability of CFTR modulators and their accompanying health improvements. Extrapulmonary CF-specific health issues persist, such as diabetes, liver disease, bone disease, stones and other renal issues, and intestinal obstruction. These health issues require multidisciplinary care with input from the relevant specialists. Cancer is more common in people with CF compared to the general population, and requires regular screening. The CF life journey requires mental and emotional adaptation to psychosocial and physical challenges, with support from the CF team and the CF psychologist. This is particularly important when life gets challenging, with disease progression requiring increased treatments, breathing support and potentially transplantation. Planning for end of life remains a necessary aspect of care and should be discussed openly, honestly, with sensitivity and compassion for the person with CF and their family. CF teams should proactively recognise and address CF-specific health issues, and support mental and emotional wellbeing while accompanying people with CF and their families on their life journey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Régis Burgel
- Respiratory Medicine and Cystic Fibrosis National Reference Center, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Kevin W Southern
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute in the Park, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, University of Liverpool, Eaton Road, Liverpool L12 2AP, UK.
| | - Charlotte Addy
- All Wales Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, University Hospital Llandough, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alberto Battezzati
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, and ICANS-DIS, Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Claire Berry
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Alder Hey Children's NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jean-Philippe Bouchara
- University of Brest, Fungal Respiratory Infections Research Unit, SFR ICAT, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Edwin Brokaar
- Department of Pharmacy, Haga Teaching Hospital, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Whitney Brown
- Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Pilar Azevedo
- Cystic Fibrosis Reference Centre-Centro, Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Portugal
| | - Isabelle Durieu
- Cystic Fibrosis Reference Center (Constitutif), Service de médecine interne et de pathologie vasculaire, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, RESearch on HealthcAre PErformance (RESHAPE), INSERM U1290, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; ERN-Lung Cystic Fibrosis Network, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Miquel Ekkelenkamp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Felicity Finlayson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Johanna Gardecki
- CF Centre at Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pavla Hodkova
- CF Center at University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gina Hong
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacqueline Lowdon
- Clinical Specialist Paediatric Cystic Fibrosis Dietitian, Leeds Children's Hospital, UK
| | - Su Madge
- Royal Brompton Hospital, Part of Guys and StThomas's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Clémence Martin
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, Université Paris-Cité and National Reference Center for Cystic Fibrosis, Hôpital Cochin AP-HP, ERN-Lung CF Network, Paris 75014, France
| | - Edward McKone
- St.Vincent's University Hospital and University College Dublin School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne Munck
- Hospital Necker Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, CF Centre, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Chee Y Ooi
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health, Department of Gastroenterology, Sydney Children's Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lucy Perrem
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Health Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amanda Piper
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Prayle
- Child Health, Lifespan and Population Health & Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Felix Ratjen
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Translational Medicine, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Margaret Rosenfeld
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Don B Sanders
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Carsten Schwarz
- Division Cystic Fibrosis, CF Center, Clinic Westbrandenburg, HMU-Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Giovanni Taccetti
- Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Centre, Italy
| | | | - Natalie E West
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Wilschanski
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, CF Center, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amanda Bevan
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Carlo Castellani
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, Genova 16147, Italy
| | - Pavel Drevinek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Motol University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Gartner
- Cystic Fibrosis Unit and Pediatric Pulmonology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Gramegna
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Respiratory Unit and Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Elise Lammertyn
- Cystic Fibrosis Europe, Brussels, Belgium and the Belgian CF Association, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eddie Edwina C Landau
- The Graub CF Center, Pulmonary Institute, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Barry J Plant
- Cork Centre for Cystic Fibrosis (3CF), Cork University Hospital, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Alan R Smyth
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Belfast and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queens University Belfast, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Peter G Middleton
- Westmead Clinical School, Department Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney and CITRICA, Westmead, Australia
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Behroozian S, Zlosnik JEA, Xu W, Li LY, Davies JE. Antibacterial Activity of a Natural Clay Mineral against Burkholderia cepacia Complex and Other Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from People with Cystic Fibrosis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010150. [PMID: 36677442 PMCID: PMC9862493 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an impending crisis in healthcare brought about by a new era of untreatable infections caused by bacteria resistant to all available antibiotics. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify novel antimicrobial agents to counter the continuing threat posed by formerly treatable infections. We previously reported that a natural mineral clay known as Kisameet clay (KC) is a potent inhibitor of the organisms responsible for acute infections. Chronic bacterial infections present another major challenge to treatment by antimicrobials, due to their prolonged nature, which results in repeated exposure to antibiotics and a constant selection for antimicrobial resistance. A prime example is bacteria belonging to the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), which particularly causes some of the most serious chronic lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) associated with unpredictable clinical outcomes, poor prognosis, and high mortality rates. Eradication of these organisms from CF patients with limited effective antimicrobial options is a major challenge. Novel therapeutic approaches are urgently required. Here, we report the in vitro antibacterial activity of KC aqueous suspensions (1-10% w/v) and its aqueous extract (L100) against a collection of extensively and multi-drug resistant clinical isolates of Bcc, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated from patients with CF. These findings present a potential novel therapy for further investigation in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekooh Behroozian
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 E Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (J.E.D.)
| | - James E. A. Zlosnik
- Centre for Understanding and Preventing Infection in Children, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Wanjing Xu
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Ln, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Loretta Y. Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Ln, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Julian E. Davies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (J.E.D.)
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5
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Pedoto D, DE Gregorio F, Tosco A, Pecoraro C, D'Armiento M, Raia V. Renal involvement in cystic fibrosis: is it a contraindication to transplant? Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2022; 74:610-612. [PMID: 31621279 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.19.05681-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deianira Pedoto
- Regional Cystic Fibrosis Center, Pediatric Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy -
| | - Fabiola DE Gregorio
- Regional Cystic Fibrosis Center, Pediatric Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Tosco
- Regional Cystic Fibrosis Center, Pediatric Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Pecoraro
- Nephrology Section, Santobono Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria D'Armiento
- Section of Pathology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Raia
- Regional Cystic Fibrosis Center, Pediatric Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Dallal-York J, Segalewitz T, Croft K, Colsky J, DiBiase L, Anderson A, Vasilopoulos T, Pelaez A, Shahmohammadi A, Pipkin M, Machuca TN, Plowman EK. Incidence, Risk Factors and Sequelae of Dysphagia Mediated Aspiration Following Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022; 41:1095-1103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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7
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Sustained effectiveness of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor in lung transplant candidates with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2022; 21:489-496. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
RATIONALE Many lung transplant recipients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have low pre-operative body mass index (BMI); however, post-transplant BMI recovery is not well understood. OBJECTIVE To evaluate BMI recovery (≥18.5 kg/m2) among CF lung transplant recipients with low pre-operative BMI and investigate the association of survival with BMI recovery. METHODS United Network for Organ Sharing and CF Foundation Patient registries (June 2005-December 2016) were used to identify CF lung transplant recipients. Among recipients surviving ≥1 year, Cox modeling compared post-transplant 1-year conditional survival between recipients with low (<17 and 17-18.49 kg/m2) versus normal pre-operative BMI, stratified by BMI recovery. RESULTS Of 1,977 CF lung transplant recipients, 272 (14%) and 449 (23%) had pre-operative BMI of <17 and 17-18.49 kg/m2, respectively. For BMI subgroups <17 and 17-18.49 kg/m2, 29% vs 49% of those alive at 1 year recovered their BMI, respectively. Among recipients with low pre-operative BMI, adjusted post-transplant 1-year conditional survival was worse compared to those with pre-operative BMI ≥18.5 kg/m2; however, BMI recovery mitigated this. Pre-operative BMI <17 kg/m2 had an adjusted HR of 1.29 (95% CI 0.92, 1.81) with BMI recovery vs 1.57 (95% CI 1.09, 2.25) without recovery, and pre-operative BMI 17-18.49 kg/m2 had an adjusted HR of 1.28 (95% CI 1.02, 1.61) with BMI recovery vs 1.72 (95% CI 1.14, 2.59) without recovery. CONCLUSIONS Patients with lower pre-operative BMI were less likely to achieve BMI recovery within 1 year. However, for those who did, BMI recovery within 1-year post-transplant was associated with longer survival.
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Giugno A, Leonardi S, Lo Presti D, Timpanaro T, Parisi G, Papale M, Rotolo N, Manti S, Caruso-Nicoletti M. Positive impact of insulin treatment on clinical trend in cystic fibrosis patients: a retrospective study. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2022; 93:e2022295. [PMID: 36300234 PMCID: PMC9686163 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v93i5.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background Cystic fibrosis related diabetes is a complication of cystic fibrosis (CF). Aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of insulin therapy in overt diabetics or pre-diabetics CF patients on BMI and respiratory function. Methods We selected a sample of 17 insulin treated patients (Group T) and a sample of 17 CF control patients with normal glucose metabolism (Group C). Group T was also subdivided into overt diabetic patients and pre-diabetic patients (IGT, INDET). For treated patients an observation period was established from the first insulin administration to 12 months. For control patients, a comparable year of observation was chosen. Data regarding BMI, FVC, FEV1 and PEF were collected at time 0, and at time 12. The number of hospital admissions for infectious episodes during the year of observation and during the preceding year were recorded for Group T patients. Results The results showed a significant increase in BMI in treated patients compared to control, specially for overt diabetics. The study of spirometric parameters showed a significant improvement of PEF, the main effort-dependent respiratory index, specially for over diabetics, suggesting a hypothetical positive impact of the insulin anabolic action on the magnitude of expiratory effort. In contrast, the study of infectious episodes revealed a significant reduction of hospital admissions in pre diabetic treated patients. Conclusion Overall, our study focuses on the importance of glycemic monitoring during the early stages of CF disease and on the advantage of insulin treatment in the early stages of glucose alteration .
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Giugno
- Centro di Endocrinologia e Diabetologia Pediatrica, Università di Catania; AOU Policlinico-San Marco, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Leonardi
- UOC Broncopneumologia Pediatrica e Fibrosi Cistica, Università di Catania; AOU Policlinico-San Marco, Catania, Italy
| | - Donatella Lo Presti
- Centro di Endocrinologia e Diabetologia Pediatrica, Università di Catania; AOU Policlinico-San Marco, Catania, Italy
| | - Tiziana Timpanaro
- Centro di Endocrinologia e Diabetologia Pediatrica, Università di Catania; AOU Policlinico-San Marco, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Parisi
- UOC Broncopneumologia Pediatrica e Fibrosi Cistica, Università di Catania; AOU Policlinico-San Marco, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Papale
- UOC Broncopneumologia Pediatrica e Fibrosi Cistica, Università di Catania; AOU Policlinico-San Marco, Catania, Italy
| | - Novella Rotolo
- UOC Broncopneumologia Pediatrica e Fibrosi Cistica, Università di Catania; AOU Policlinico-San Marco, Catania, Italy
| | - Sara Manti
- UOC Broncopneumologia Pediatrica e Fibrosi Cistica, Università di Catania; AOU Policlinico-San Marco, Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Caruso-Nicoletti
- Centro di Endocrinologia e Diabetologia Pediatrica, Università di Catania; AOU Policlinico-San Marco, Catania, Italy
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Grammatikopoulou MG, Vassilakou T, Goulis DG, Theodoridis X, Nigdelis MP, Petalidou A, Gkiouras K, Poulimeneas D, Alexatou O, Tsiroukidou K, Marakis G, Daniil Z, Bogdanos DP. Standards of Nutritional Care for Patients with Cystic Fibrosis: A Methodological Primer and AGREE II Analysis of Guidelines. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:1180. [PMID: 34943375 PMCID: PMC8699992 DOI: 10.3390/children8121180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Although many Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) have been published for the care of patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF), including a variety of nutrition recommendations, the quality of these CPGs has never been evaluated. The aim of this study was to compare, review, and critically appraise CPGs for the nutritional management of CF, throughout the lifespan. We searched PubMed, Guidelines International Network (GIN), ECRI Institute, and Guidelines Central for CPGs, with information on the nutritional management of CF. Retrieved CPGs were appraised by three independent reviewers, using the Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument and checklist. A total of 22 CPGs (seven solely nutrition oriented), by 14 different publishers, were retrieved. The Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand CPGs scored the highest overall quality (94.4%), while the Paediatric Gastroenterology Society/Dietitians Association of Australia CPGs had the lowest score (27.8%). Great variation in AGREE II domain-specific scores was observed in all CPGs, suggesting the existence of different strengths and weaknesses. Despite the availability of several CPGs, many appear outdated, lacking rigor, transparency, applicability, and efficiency, while incorporating bias. Considering that CPGs adherence is associated with better outcomes and the need for improving life expectancy in patients with CF, the development of CPGs of better quality is deemed necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Grammatikopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alexander Campus, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.G.); (A.P.)
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56429 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.G.G.); (M.P.N.)
- 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Tonia Vassilakou
- Department of Public Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens University Campus, 11521 Athens, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios G. Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56429 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.G.G.); (M.P.N.)
| | - Xenophon Theodoridis
- Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Meletios P. Nigdelis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56429 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.G.G.); (M.P.N.)
| | - Arianna Petalidou
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Konstantinos Gkiouras
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.G.); (A.P.)
- Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Poulimeneas
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (O.A.)
| | - Olga Alexatou
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (O.A.)
| | - Kyriaki Tsiroukidou
- 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Georgios Marakis
- Nutrition and Food Standards Unit, Risk Assessment and Nutrition Directorate, Hellenic Food Authority, 11526 Athens, Greece;
| | - Zoe Daniil
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios P. Bogdanos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.G.); (A.P.)
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11
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Marczin N, de Waal EEC, Hopkins PMA, Mulligan MS, Simon A, Shaw AD, Van Raemdonck D, Neyrinck A, Gries CJ, Algotsson L, Szegedi L, von Dossow V. International consensus recommendations for anesthetic and intensive care management of lung transplantation. An EACTAIC, SCA, ISHLT, ESOT, ESTS, and AST approved document. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021; 40:1327-1348. [PMID: 34732281 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nandor Marczin
- Harefield Hospital Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | | | | | | | - Andre Simon
- Harefield Hospital RBHT, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Laszlo Szegedi
- Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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12
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Impact of bone-active drugs and underlying disease on bone health after lung transplantation: A longitudinal study. J Cyst Fibros 2021; 20:e100-e107. [PMID: 34366281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION the effect of bone-active drugs on the risk of fragility fractures (Fx), bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) changes in patients receiving lung transplantation (LTx) is largely unknown. This study assessed the bone-active drugs effect in patients undergoing LTx both with (CF) and without (nCF) cystic-fibrosis. METHODS We evaluated incident Fx, both clinical and morphometric vertebral Fx by spinal X-ray, BMD and trabecular bone score (TBS) in 117 patients (CF=50, nCF n = 67) before and 24-months after LTx. A bone-active therapy was proposed to all LTx candidates. RESULTS 83.8% of patients started a bone-active drug. Lumbar-spine (LS) T-score improved significantly only in treated patients (-1.4 ± 1.0 vs -2.0±1.0, p = 0.0001), whereas femur BMD and TBS remained stable in treated and not treated subjects. The rate of incident Fx was 15.3%, with no difference between treated and not treated patients. After LTx, LS T-score improved significantly only in nCF group (-1.3 ± 1.0 vs -1.8 ± 1.1, p = 0.0001), while femur remained stable in both nCF and CF groups. Patients with CF showed a significant Z-TBS increase (-3.6 ± 1.7 vs -3.0 ± 1.7, p = 0.019) and a lower Fx incidence as compared with nCF patients (4.1% vs 24.2%, p =0.003). Incident Fx were associated with nCF diagnosis (OR 7.300, CI95% 1.385-38.461, p = 0.019) regardless of prevalent Fx, previous glucocorticoid therapy and bone-active therapy introduced at least 6 months before LTx. CONCLUSIONS A prompt medical intervention helps in preventing BMD loss after LTx. As compared with nCF patients, CF patients show a TBS increase and a lower Fx risk after LTx.
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Chalasti M, Iordanou C, Kratiras Z, Stylianaki A, Trigka EA, Lakiotaki E, Makedou K, Iliadis S, Zografos KG, Dimitroulis D, Chrisofos M, Patsouris E, Zografos GC, Bouboulis GC, Papalois AE. Experimental isolation and preservation of solid organs before transplantation: effects of pretreatment using four different molecules. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520933452. [PMID: 32602766 PMCID: PMC7328361 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520933452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In transplantation surgery, the ischaemic organ and reperfusion impairment after cold storage remains a considerable risk factor for impaired function and potential failure of the grafted organ. Substantial logistical efforts have been undertaken to reduce the cold ischaemic time because the demand for available transplant organs and the periods of cold ischaemia are increasing. METHODS Four molecules were investigated (erythropoietin, sildenafil, lazaroid [U74389G], octreotide) in individual intravenous infusions 1 hour before the organ was harvested. This study was performed in 30 healthy landrace/large-white pigs (male; >10 weeks old; average weight, 22 ± 2 kg) in groups of six. The organs were studied at harvest, and at 8 and 24 hours post-harvest. RESULTS The lazaroid molecule increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the liver and pancreas at 8 hours. Hepatic lazaroid molecules improved liver histology at 8 and 24 hours. For kidneys, erythropoietin had a positive effect at 24 hours post-harvest. For the pancreas, octreotide showed better performance. In the lungs, there was less interstitial oedema with erythropoietin and lazaroid compared with the control group at 8 hours post-harvest. CONCLUSION All molecules had a positive effect and decreased ischaemia/reperfusion graft injury. Thus, pretreatment before organ harvest has a beneficial role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chalasti
- Experimental, Educational and Research Centre, ELPEN, Pikermi, Athens, Greece.,First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Hippocration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Iordanou
- Experimental, Educational and Research Centre, ELPEN, Pikermi, Athens, Greece.,First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Hippocration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Zisis Kratiras
- Experimental, Educational and Research Centre, ELPEN, Pikermi, Athens, Greece.,First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Hippocration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Stylianaki
- Experimental, Educational and Research Centre, ELPEN, Pikermi, Athens, Greece.,First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Hippocration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni-Andriana Trigka
- First Department of Pathology, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Lakiotaki
- First Department of Pathology, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Kali Makedou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavros Iliadis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos G Zografos
- Experimental, Educational and Research Centre, ELPEN, Pikermi, Athens, Greece.,First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Hippocration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Dimitroulis
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Chrisofos
- Second Department of Urology, University of Athens, Sismanoglio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Patsouris
- First Department of Pathology, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios C Zografos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Hippocration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George C Bouboulis
- Experimental, Educational and Research Centre, ELPEN, Pikermi, Athens, Greece.,First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Hippocration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Apostolos E Papalois
- Experimental, Educational and Research Centre, ELPEN, Pikermi, Athens, Greece.,First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Hippocration Hospital, Athens, Greece.,European University Cyprus, School of Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
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14
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Cystic fibrosis foundation consensus statements for the care of cystic fibrosis lung transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021; 40:539-556. [PMID: 34103223 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the indication for transplantation in approximately 15% of recipients worldwide, and Cystic Fibrosis Lung Transplant Recipients (CFLTRs) have excellent long-term outcomes. Yet, CFLTRs have unique comorbidities that require specialized care. The objective of this document is to provide recommendations to CF and lung transplant clinicians for the management of perioperative and underlying comorbidities of CFLTRs and the impact of transplantation on these comorbidities. The Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF) organized a multidisciplinary committee to develop CF Lung Transplant Clinical Care Recommendations. Three workgroups were formed to develop focused questions. Following a literature search, consensus recommendations were developed by the committee members based on literature review, committee experience and iterative revisions, and in response to public comment. The committee formulated 32 recommendation statements in the topics related to infectious disease, endocrine, gastroenterology, pharmacology, mental health and family planning. Broadly, the committee recommends close coordination of care between the lung transplant team, the cystic fibrosis care center, and specialists in other disciplines with experience in the care of CF and lung transplant recipients. These consensus statements will help lung transplant providers care for CFLTRs in order to improve post-transplant outcomes in this population.
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15
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Shah P, Lowery E, Chaparro C, Visner G, Hempstead SE, Abraham J, Bhakta Z, Carroll M, Christon L, Danziger-Isakov L, Diamond JM, Lease E, Leonard J, Litvin M, Poole R, Vlahos F, Werchan C, Murray MA, Tallarico E, Faro A, Pilewski JM, Hachem RR. DUPLICATE: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Consensus Statements for the Care of Cystic Fibrosis Lung Transplant Recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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16
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Somayaji R, Nichols DP, Bell SC. Cystic fibrosis - Ten promising therapeutic approaches in the current era of care. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2020; 29:1107-1124. [PMID: 32744089 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2020.1805733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease affecting multiple organ systems. Research and innovations in novel therapeutic agents and health care delivery have resulted in dramatic improvements in quality of life and survival for people with CF. Despite this, significant disease burden persists for many and this is compounded by disparities in treatment access and care which globally necessitates further work to improve outcomes. Because of the advent of numerous therapies which include gene-targeted modulators in parallel with specialized care delivery models, innovative efforts continue. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss the available data on investigational agents in clinical development and currently available treatments for CF. We also evaluate approaches to care delivery, consider treatment gaps, and propose future directions for advancement. EXPERT OPINION Since the discovery of the CF gene, CFTR modulators have provided a hallmark of success, even though it was thought not previously possible. This has led to reinvigorated efforts and innovations in treatment approaches and care delivery. Numerous challenges remain because of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, access issues, and therapeutic costs, but the collaborative approach between stakeholders for continued innovation fuels optimism. Abbreviations: CF cystic fibrosis; CFF Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (USA); CFTR cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator; CRISPR clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; COX cyclo oxygenase; FDA US Food and Drug Administration; FEV1% forced expiratory volume in one second % predicted; F508del deletion of phenylalanine (F) in the 508th position (most common mutation); G551D substitution of the amino acid glycine by aspartate at position 551 in the nucleotide binding domain-1 of the CFTR gene; LMIC low- and middle-income country; LTB4 leukotriene B4; MDT multi-disciplinary care team; NO nitric oxide; NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; SLPI secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjani Somayaji
- Departments of Medicine; Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Disease; Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases , Calgary, AB, Canada.,O'Brien Institute for Public Health , Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dave P Nichols
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital , Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington , Seattle, WA, USA.,Seattle Children's Research Institute , Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Scott C Bell
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital , Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Children's Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute , Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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17
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Yang C, Xi Y, Chen WY, Sang L, Liu DD, Zhang R, Chen SB, Zhang J, Pan JY, Xv YH, Nong LB, Li YM, Liu XQ. Conversion ratio of tacrolimus switching from intravenous infusion to oral administration after lung transplantation. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:4292-4298. [PMID: 32944341 PMCID: PMC7475590 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-1191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background To investigate the conversion ratio of tacrolimus switching from intravenous infusion to oral administration in patients after lung transplantation. Methods We retrospectively recruited patients received lung transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical Hospital from January 2015 to June 2019. The blood concentration of tacrolimus administrated through intravenous infusion and oral administration were collected. The blood concentration, concentration/dose ratio (C/D), and (C/Dpo)/(C/Div) ratio were analyzed to explore the conversion ratio of tacrolimus switching from intravenous infusion to oral administration, as combined medication of tacrolimus and caspofungin were used. Results The concentration of intravenously administered tacrolimus was significantly higher than that of oral administration; the C/D ratio of intravenously administrated tacrolimus (C/Div) was significantly higher than that of the oral administration (C/Dpo). There was a significant correlation between C/Dpo and C/Div (R2 =0.774, P<0.001). The conversion ratio of tacrolimus from intravenous administration to oral administration was 1:7.4, as combined medication of tacrolimus and caspofungin were used. Conclusions The conversion ratio of tacrolimus switching from intravenous to oral administration is 1:7.4 in the combination treatment of tacrolimus and caspofungin after lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Ying Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Bei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-Yi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Hao Xv
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Bo Nong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Silva GF, J Simmonds N, Roth Dalcin PDT. Clinical characteristics and outcomes in adult cystic fibrosis patients with severe lung disease in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. BMC Pulm Med 2020; 20:194. [PMID: 32677921 PMCID: PMC7366886 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-020-01223-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced lung disease in adult cystic fibrosis (CF) drives most clinical care requirements. The aim was to evaluate outcome (time to death while in the study) in a cohort of adult CF patients with severe lung disease, and to determine the association among baseline patient characteristics and outcome. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed and clinical records between 2000 and 2015 were reviewed. Severe lung disease was defined as forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) < 30% of predicted. Outcomes of all patients, including their date of death or transplantation, were determined till January 1st, 2016. Clinical data were recorded at the entry date. Results Among 39 subjects included in the study, 20 (51.3%) died, 16 (41.0%) underwent bilateral lung transplantation, and 3 were alive at the end of the study period. Two variables were independently associated with death: body mass index (BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2) (HR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.64–0.96 and p = 0.017) and use of tobramycin inhalation therapy (HR = 3.82, 95% CI = 1.38–10.6 and p = 0.010). Median survival was 37 (95% CI = 16.4–57.6) months. The best cut-off point for BMI was 18.5 kg/m2. Median survival in patients with BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 was 36 months (95% CI = 18.7–53.3). Conclusion Median survival of CF subjects with FEV1 < 30% was 37 months. BMI and tobramycin inhalation therapy were independently associated with death. Median survival in patients with BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 was significantly lower than in patients with BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2. The association of tobramycin inhalation with death was interpreted as confounding by severity (use was reserved for advanced lung disease).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Figueiredo Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, UFRGS; Serviço de Pneumologia, HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nicholas J Simmonds
- Department of Cystic Fibrosis, Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Paulo de Tarso Roth Dalcin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Serviço de Pneumologia, HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Honorary Clinical Fellow in the Adult CF Centre of Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK. .,, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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19
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Nanda T, Breazzano MP, Bearelly S. Clinical utility of pre-transplant ophthalmic consultation for lung transplant recipients: implications in the COVID-19 pandemic era. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020; 259:1669-1671. [PMID: 32572606 PMCID: PMC7306647 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-020-04799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tavish Nanda
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, 635 W 165th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Mark P Breazzano
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, 635 W 165th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Langone Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Srilaxmi Bearelly
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, 635 W 165th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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21
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Kapnadak SG, Dimango E, Hadjiliadis D, Hempstead SE, Tallarico E, Pilewski JM, Faro A, Albright J, Benden C, Blair S, Dellon EP, Gochenour D, Michelson P, Moshiree B, Neuringer I, Riedy C, Schindler T, Singer LG, Young D, Vignola L, Zukosky J, Simon RH. Cystic Fibrosis Foundation consensus guidelines for the care of individuals with advanced cystic fibrosis lung disease. J Cyst Fibros 2020; 19:344-354. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2020.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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22
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Hollander-Kraaijeveld FM, van Lanen AS, de Roos NM, van de Graaf EA, Heijerman HGM. Resting energy expenditure in cystic fibrosis patients decreases after lung transplantation, which improves applicability of prediction equations for energy requirement. J Cyst Fibros 2020; 19:975-980. [PMID: 32291160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F M Hollander-Kraaijeveld
- Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Dietetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, G01.111 P.O. Box 85 500 3508 GA Utrecht Netherlands; Cystic Fibrosis and Lung Transplant Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - A S van Lanen
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands
| | - N M de Roos
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands
| | - E A van de Graaf
- Division Heart and Lung, Department of Pulmonology, Cystic Fibrosis and Lung Transplant Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - H G M Heijerman
- Division Heart and Lung, Department of Pulmonology, Cystic Fibrosis and Lung Transplant Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands
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Wietlisbach M, Benden C, Koutsokera A, Jahn K, Soccal PM, Radtke T. Perceptions towards physical activity in adult lung transplant recipients with cystic fibrosis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229296. [PMID: 32084221 PMCID: PMC7034849 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Barriers and motives towards physical activity (PA) in lung transplant (LTx) recipients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are largely unknown. We aimed to explore perceptions towards PA in LTx recipients with CF to better understand individuals’ needs and preferences. Methods Participants completed an online survey at two Swiss LTx and one follow-up shared care centre between June and December 2018. Results One hundred and eleven individuals completed the survey (87.4% response rate). Overall, survey participants perceive PA as important for their daily life and health. Perceived motives of PA were improving muscle strength, endurance and quality of life (QoL), to feel better, fun, to achieve personal goals and having more energy for everyday life. Fatigue was the most common perceived barrier to PA and associated with poorer QoL (r = -0.43, p<0.001) and health status (r = -0.31, p = 0.001). Participants with lung allograft dysfunction (LAD, n = 20) reported lower habitual PA (p = 0.009) and health status (p = 0.011), and rated shortness of breath, bad weather and concerns regarding lung rejection higher than those without LAD (all p<0.05). When we asked how an optimal training programme should look like, the majority would prefer individual, non-supervised (60%), outdoor (77%), endurance training (90%), once or twice a week (47%) for 40–60 minutes (48%). Only a minority of patients (14%) would be willing to use exercise applications for their home-based training. Conclusions LTx recipients with CF value PA as important for their health. People with CF should be encouraged individually by their multidisciplinary transplant team to implement PA in their daily life, potential barriers should be identified and addressed. Overall, knowledge on perceived barriers and motives for PA should be considered in the development of future patient-centred PA programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Wietlisbach
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Professions, Institute of Physiotherapy, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Christian Benden
- Division of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angela Koutsokera
- Division of Pulmonology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kathleen Jahn
- Clinic of Pulmonary Medicine and Pulmonary Cell Research, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paola M. Soccal
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Radtke
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Orlando V, Morin G, Laffont A, Lénart D, Solórzano Barrera C, Mustafy T, Sankhe S, Villemure I, Mailhot G. CFTR deletion affects mouse osteoblasts in a gender-specific manner. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6736-6753. [PMID: 31985038 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Advancements in research and care have contributed to increase life expectancy of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). With increasing age comes a greater likelihood of developing CF bone disease, a comorbidity characterized by a low bone mass and impaired bone quality, which displays gender differences in severity. However, pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this gender difference have never been thoroughly investigated. We used bone marrow-derived osteoblasts and osteoclasts from Cftr+/+ and Cftr-/- mice to examine whether the impact of CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) deletion on cellular differentiation and functions differed between genders. To determine whether in vitro findings translated into in vivo observations, we used imaging techniques and three-point bending testing. In vitro studies revealed no osteoclast-autonomous defect but impairment of osteoblast differentiation and functions and aberrant responses to various stimuli in cells isolated from Cftr-/- females only. Compared with wild-type controls, knockout mice exhibited a trabecular osteopenic phenotype that was more pronounced in Cftr-/- males than Cftr-/- females. Bone strength was reduced to a similar extent in knockout mice of both genders. In conclusion, we find a trabecular bone phenotype in Cftr-/- mice that was slightly more pronounced in males than females, which is reminiscent of the situation found in patients. However, at the osteoblast level, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this phenotype differ between males and females, which may underlie gender differences in the way bone marrow-derived osteoblasts behave in absence of CFTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Orlando
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Morin
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alisson Laffont
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Déborah Lénart
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carolina Solórzano Barrera
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, École Polytechnique of Montréal, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tanvir Mustafy
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, École Polytechnique of Montréal, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Safiétou Sankhe
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Villemure
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, École Polytechnique of Montréal, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Mailhot
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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26
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Cairoli E, Eller-Vainicher C, Morlacchi LC, Tarsia P, Rossetti V, Pappalettera M, Arosio M, Chiodini I, Blasi F. Bone involvement in young adults with cystic fibrosis awaiting lung transplantation for end-stage respiratory failure. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30:1255-1263. [PMID: 30798331 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-04893-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Patients with cystic fibrosis awaiting lung transplantation for end-stage respiratory failure have high prevalence of reduced bone mineral density and fragility fracture. Suboptimal 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels could significantly contribute to the development of cystic fibrosis-related bone disease. INTRODUCTION The assessment of the prevalence of cystic fibrosis-related bone disease (CFBD) and its associated risk factors in young adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) awaiting lung transplantation for end-stage respiratory failure. METHODS Clinical characteristics, bone mineral density (BMD), the parameters of calcium metabolism, including vitamin D (25OHVitD) levels, and the presence of fragility fractures were evaluated in 42 CF patients (24 females, age 34.0 ± 8.4 years) consecutively referred as lung transplant candidates. RESULTS Mean 25OHVitD levels (54.9 ± 26.2 nmol/L) were below the reference range and hypovitaminosis D (25OHVitD < 75 nmol/L) was found in 34 patients (81%) and daily calcium intakes (median 550 mg/day) were lower than recommended. A BMD below the expected range for age (Z-score of - 2.0 or lower) and at least one prevalent fragility fracture were found in 22 patients (52.4%) and 18 patients (45.2%), respectively. The coexistence of low BMD and the presence of fracture was observed in 13 patients (31.0%). In these patients, the prevalence of nephrolithiasis was higher than in the remaining ones (p = 0.046). The presence of kidney stones was associated with a worse bone status and with severe vitamin D deficiency. In the whole sample, femoral BMD Z-scores were directly correlated with albumin-adjusted calcium (p < 0.05) and 25OHVitD levels (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Despite the improvement of CF care, CFBD is still highly prevalent in young adults awaiting lung transplantation for end-stage CF. Suboptimal 25OHVitD levels could significantly contribute to the development of CFBD. The presence of nephrolithiasis could be an additional warning about the need for a careful evaluation of bone health in CF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cairoli
- Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes & Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - C Eller-Vainicher
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - L C Morlacchi
- Respiratory Unit & Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - P Tarsia
- Respiratory Unit & Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - V Rossetti
- Respiratory Unit & Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - M Pappalettera
- Respiratory Unit & Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - M Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - I Chiodini
- Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes & Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - F Blasi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Respiratory Unit & Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Ramos KJ, Smith PJ, McKone EF, Pilewski JM, Lucy A, Hempstead SE, Tallarico E, Faro A, Rosenbluth DB, Gray AL, Dunitz JM. Lung transplant referral for individuals with cystic fibrosis: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation consensus guidelines. J Cyst Fibros 2019; 18:321-333. [PMID: 30926322 PMCID: PMC6545264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Provide recommendations to the cystic fibrosis (CF) community to facilitate timely referral for lung transplantation for individuals with CF. METHODS The CF Foundation organized a multidisciplinary committee to develop CF Lung Transplant Referral Consensus Guidelines. Three workgroups were formed: timing for transplant referral; modifiable barriers to transplant; and transition to transplant care. A focus group of lung transplant recipients with CF and spouses of CF recipients informed guideline development. RESULTS The committee formulated 21 recommendation statements based on literature review, committee member practices, focus group insights, and in response to public comment. Critical approaches to optimizing access to lung transplant include early discussion of this treatment option, assessment for modifiable barriers to transplant, and open communication between the CF and lung transplant centers. CONCLUSIONS These guidelines will help CF providers counsel their patients and may reduce the number of individuals with CF who die without consideration for lung transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen J Ramos
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Patrick J Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Behavioral Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Division, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Edward F McKone
- National Referral Centre for Adult Cystic Fibrosis, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Joseph M Pilewski
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Amy Lucy
- Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Albert Faro
- Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Daniel B Rosenbluth
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Alice L Gray
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Jordan M Dunitz
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care Medicine and Sleep, Dept of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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28
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Burgel PR, Lemonnier L, Dehillotte C, Sykes J, Stanojevic S, Stephenson AL, Paillasseur JL. Cluster and CART analyses identify large subgroups of adults with cystic fibrosis at low risk of 10-year death. Eur Respir J 2019; 53:13993003.01943-2018. [PMID: 30578399 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01943-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our goal was to identify subgroups of adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) at low risk of death within 10 years.Factor analysis for mixed data followed by Ward's cluster analysis was conducted using 25 variables from 1572 French CF adults in 2005. Rates of death by subgroups were analysed over 10 years. An algorithm was developed using CART (classification and regression tree) analysis to provide rules for the identification of subgroups of CF adults with low rates of death within 10 years. This algorithm was validated in 1376 Canadian CF adults.Seven subgroups were identified by cluster analysis in French CF adults, including two subgroups with low (∼5%) rates of death at 10 years: one subgroup (22% of patients) was composed of patients with nonclassic CF, the other subgroup (17% of patients) was composed of patients with classic CF but low rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and diabetes. An algorithm based on CART analysis of data in 2005 allowed us to identify most French adults with low rates of death. When tested using data from Canadian CF adults in 2005, the algorithm identified 287 out of 1376 (21%) patients at low risk (10-year death: 7.7%).Large subgroups of CF adults share low risk of 10-year mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jenna Sykes
- Adult CF Program, Dept of Medicine, University of Toronto, St Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Keenan Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sanja Stanojevic
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anne L Stephenson
- Adult CF Program, Dept of Medicine, University of Toronto, St Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Keenan Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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29
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Wong DG, Arevalo MK, Passoni NM, Iqbal NS, Jascur T, Kern AJ, Sanchez EJ, Satyanarayan A, Gattineni J, Baker LA. Phenotypic severity scoring system and categorisation for prune belly syndrome: application to a pilot cohort of 50 living patients. BJU Int 2019; 123:130-139. [PMID: 30113772 PMCID: PMC7368761 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To design a novel system of scoring prune belly syndrome (PBS) phenotypic severity at any presenting age and apply it to a large pilot cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS From 2000 to 2017, patients with PBS were recruited to our prospective PBS study and medical records were cross-sectionally analysed, generating individualised RUBACE scores. We designed the pragmatic RUBACE-scoring system based on six sub-scores (R: renal, U: ureter, B: bladder/outlet, A: abdominal wall, C: cryptorchidism, E: extra-genitourinary, generating the acronym RUBACE), yielding a potential summed score of 0-31. The 'E' score was used to segregate syndromic PBS and PBS-plus variants. The cohort was scored per classic Woodard criteria and RUBACE scores compared to Woodard category. RESULTS In all, 48 males and two females had a mean (range) RUBACE score of 13.8 (8-25) at a mean age of 7.3 years. Segregated by phenotypic categories, there were 39 isolated PBS (76%), six syndromic PBS (12%) and five PBS-plus (10%) cases. The mean RUBACE scores for Woodard categories 1, 2, and 3 were 20.5 (eight patients), 13.8 (25), and 10.6 (17), respectively (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS RUBACE is a practical, organ/system level, phenotyping tool designed to grade PBS severity and categorise patients into isolated PBS, syndromic PBS, and PBS-plus groups. This standardised system will facilitate genotype-phenotype correlations and future prospective multicentre studies assessing medical and surgical treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- DG Wong
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - MK Arevalo
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - NM Passoni
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Pediatric Urology, Children’s Health Dallas, 2350 N. Stemmons Freeway, Suite F4300, Dallas, TX 75207, USA
| | - NS Iqbal
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - T Jascur
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - AJ Kern
- Pediatric Urology, Anne Arundel Medical Center, 2001 Medical Pkwy, Annapolis, MD 21401, USA
| | - EJ Sanchez
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Pediatric Urology, Children’s Health Dallas, 2350 N. Stemmons Freeway, Suite F4300, Dallas, TX 75207, USA
| | - A Satyanarayan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Pediatric Urology, Children’s Health Dallas, 2350 N. Stemmons Freeway, Suite F4300, Dallas, TX 75207, USA
| | - J Gattineni
- Pediatric Nephrology, Children’s Health Dallas, 1935 Medical District Dr, Suite B5238, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - LA Baker
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Pediatric Urology, Children’s Health Dallas, 2350 N. Stemmons Freeway, Suite F4300, Dallas, TX 75207, USA
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Li SS, Tumin D, Krone KA, Boyer D, Kirkby SE, Mansour HM, Hayes D. Risks associated with lung transplantation in cystic fibrosis patients. Expert Rev Respir Med 2018; 12:893-904. [PMID: 30198350 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2018.1522254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Survival after lung transplantation lags behind outcomes of other solid organ transplants, and complications from lung transplant are the second most common cause of death in cystic fibrosis. Evolving surgical techniques, therapeutics, and perioperative management have improved short-term survival after lung transplantation, yet have not translated into significant improvement in long-term mortality. Areas covered: We review risk factors for poor long-term outcomes among patients with cystic fibrosis undergoing lung transplantation to highlight areas for improvement. This includes reasons for organ dysfunction, complications of immunosuppression, further exacerbation of extrapulmonary complications of cystic fibrosis, and quality of life. A literature search was performed using PubMed-indexed journals. Expert commentary: There are multiple medical and socioeconomic barriers that threaten long-term survival following lung transplant for patients with cystic fibrosis. An understanding of the causes of each could elucidate treatment options. There is a lack of prospective, multicenter, randomized control trials due to cost, complexity, and feasibility. Ongoing prospective studies should be reserved for the most promising interventions identified in retrospective studies in order to improve long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan S Li
- a Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital , The Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Dmitry Tumin
- a Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital , The Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Katie A Krone
- b Division of Respiratory Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA, OH , USA
| | - Debra Boyer
- b Division of Respiratory Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA, OH , USA
| | - Stephen E Kirkby
- a Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital , The Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Heidi M Mansour
- c Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , The University of Arizona Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine , Tucson , AZ , USA
| | - Don Hayes
- a Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital , The Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus , OH , USA
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31
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Alaa AM, van der Schaar M. Prognostication and Risk Factors for Cystic Fibrosis via Automated Machine Learning. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11242. [PMID: 30050169 PMCID: PMC6062529 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29523-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate prediction of survival for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is instrumental in establishing the optimal timing for referring patients with terminal respiratory failure for lung transplantation (LT). Current practice considers referring patients for LT evaluation once the forced expiratory volume (FEV1) drops below 30% of its predicted nominal value. While FEV1 is indeed a strong predictor of CF-related mortality, we hypothesized that the survival behavior of CF patients exhibits a lot more heterogeneity. To this end, we developed an algorithmic framework, which we call AutoPrognosis, that leverages the power of machine learning to automate the process of constructing clinical prognostic models, and used it to build a prognostic model for CF using data from a contemporary cohort that involved 99% of the CF population in the UK. AutoPrognosis uses Bayesian optimization techniques to automate the process of configuring ensembles of machine learning pipelines, which involve imputation, feature processing, classification and calibration algorithms. Because it is automated, it can be used by clinical researchers to build prognostic models without the need for in-depth knowledge of machine learning. Our experiments revealed that the accuracy of the model learned by AutoPrognosis is superior to that of existing guidelines and other competing models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Alaa
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Mihaela van der Schaar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Alan Turing Institute, London, NW1 2DB, UK.
- Engineering Science Department, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK.
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32
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Borchi B, Barao Ocampo M, Cimino G, Pizzamiglio G, Bresci S, Braggion C. Mortality rate of patients with cystic fibrosis on the waiting list and within one year after lung transplantation: a survey of Italian CF centers. Ital J Pediatr 2018; 44:72. [PMID: 29954414 PMCID: PMC6022442 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-018-0512-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cystic Fibrosis (CF) Centers are involved in the decisions regarding the eligibility of CF patients with end-stage lung disease and timing for inclusion on waiting lists (WL) for lung transplantation (LT). There are currently no data on the mortality rates of Italian CF patients on WL and during the first year after LT and we aimed to assess these outcomes by surveying the CF Centers. Methods A survey was sent to Italian CF Centers which were requested to report the age at which all CF subjects included on the WL between 2010 and 2014 were included on the list, admitted to either standard or urgent LT, or had died either while on the WL or within the first 3 and 12 months after LT. All outcomes were recorded by December 31, 2015. Results Two hundred fifty-nine CF subjects were included on the WL during the 5-year study period. The mortality rate during the WL was 19.3% and was not associated with sex, age at inclusion on the WL or standard or urgent access to LT. 159 (61.4%) subjects underwent LT, 46 (28.9%) with urgent procedure. Deaths within the first 3 and 12 months after LT were significantly more prevalent in individuals who underwent urgent LT compared to those with standard LT (p < 0.01). Conclusions The mortality of Italian CF patients, included in our survey, was about twice that reported by the National Transplant Center for all LT indications, including CF, during the same time period and despite the introduction of urgent LT. The latter was associated with an unfavorable early outcome compared to standard LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Borchi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Marisol Barao Ocampo
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Verona, P.le Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cimino
- Cystic Fibrosis Center - Adult Unit, Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pizzamiglio
- Cystic Fibrosis Center - Adult Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Bresci
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Cesare Braggion
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Meyer Children's Hospital, Viale Pieraccini 24, 50139, Florence, Italy.
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33
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Castellani C, Duff AJA, Bell SC, Heijerman HGM, Munck A, Ratjen F, Sermet-Gaudelus I, Southern KW, Barben J, Flume PA, Hodková P, Kashirskaya N, Kirszenbaum MN, Madge S, Oxley H, Plant B, Schwarzenberg SJ, Smyth AR, Taccetti G, Wagner TOF, Wolfe SP, Drevinek P. ECFS best practice guidelines: the 2018 revision. J Cyst Fibros 2018; 17:153-178. [PMID: 29506920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 434] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Developments in managing CF continue to drive dramatic improvements in survival. As newborn screening rolls-out across Europe, CF centres are increasingly caring for cohorts of patients who have minimal lung disease on diagnosis. With the introduction of mutation-specific therapies and the prospect of truly personalised medicine, patients have the potential to enjoy good quality of life in adulthood with ever-increasing life expectancy. The landmark Standards of Care published in 2005 set out what high quality CF care is and how it can be delivered throughout Europe. This underwent a fundamental re-write in 2014, resulting in three documents; center framework, quality management and best practice guidelines. This document is a revision of the latter, updating standards for best practice in key aspects of CF care, in the context of a fast-moving and dynamic field. In continuing to give a broad overview of the standards expected for newborn screening, diagnosis, preventative treatment of lung disease, nutrition, complications, transplant/end of life care and psychological support, this consensus on best practice is expected to prove useful to clinical teams both in countries where CF care is developing and those with established CF centres. The document is an ECFS product and endorsed by the CF Network in ERN LUNG and CF Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Castellani
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Italy; Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alistair J A Duff
- Regional Paediatric CF Unit, Leeds General Infirmary Leeds, UK; Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, St James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
| | - Scott C Bell
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Harry G M Heijerman
- Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Munck
- Hopital Robert Debré Assistante publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris 7, Pediatric CF Centre, Paris, France
| | - Felix Ratjen
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus
- Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie Pédiatriques, Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose, Institut Necker Enfants Malades/INSERM U1151 Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, P, France
| | - Kevin W Southern
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jurg Barben
- Ostschweizer Kinderspital Sankt Gallen, Claudiusstrasse 6, 9006 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Patrick A Flume
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Pavla Hodková
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nataliya Kashirskaya
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology (Cystic Fibrosis Group), Federal State Budgetary Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maya N Kirszenbaum
- Department of Pediatric Pulmunology, CRCM, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Sue Madge
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Helen Oxley
- Manchester Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Barry Plant
- Cork Adult CF Centre, Cork University Hospital, University College, Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - Sarah Jane Schwarzenberg
- Divison of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alan R Smyth
- Division of Child Health, Obstetrics & Gynaecology (COG), University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Giovanni Taccetti
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Anna Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Thomas O F Wagner
- Frankfurter Referenzzentrum für Seltene Erkrankungen (FRZSE), Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt am Main, Wolfgang von Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Susan P Wolfe
- Regional Paediatric CF Unit, The Leeds Children's Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Belmont Grove, Leeds, UK
| | - Pavel Drevinek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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Dunn SP, Horslen S. Posttransplant Complications and Comorbidities. SOLID ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN 2018. [PMCID: PMC7123596 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-07284-5_71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P. Dunn
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Medical College, Wilmington, Delaware USA
| | - Simon Horslen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington USA
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Prabhu M, Valchanov K. Pre-anaesthetic evaluation of the patient with end-stage lung disease. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2017; 31:249-260. [PMID: 29110797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lung transplantation is a viable alternative for end-stage lung diseases, which offers good quality of life and survival outcomes for recipients. The aims of pre-assessment for potential lung transplant recipients are to assess fitness for surgery, optimise co-morbidities, commence interventions or investigations, weigh risk-benefit ratio, plan appropriate analgesia and obtain informed consent. The assessment information is gathered from the medical record, patient interview, physical examination and pre-operative tests. A comprehensive workup includes cardiopulmonary evaluation, haematological, biochemical, microbiological and immunological investigations. Most of the evidence regarding lung transplantation is gleaned from retrospective data from single, multi-centre or multinational registries. The lack of good quality evidence means that the guidelines are based on expert consensus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Prabhu
- Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Freeman Hospital, Freeman Road, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK.
| | - Kamen Valchanov
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge CB23 3RE, UK.
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36
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Athanazio RA, Silva Filho LVRFD, Vergara AA, Ribeiro AF, Riedi CA, Procianoy EDFA, Adde FV, Reis FJC, Ribeiro JD, Torres LA, Fuccio MBD, Epifanio M, Firmida MDC, Damaceno N, Ludwig-Neto N, Maróstica PJC, Rached SZ, Melo SFDO. Brazilian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cystic fibrosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 43:219-245. [PMID: 28746534 PMCID: PMC5687954 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37562017000000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by dysfunction of the CFTR gene. It is a multisystem disease that most often affects White individuals. In recent decades, various advances in the diagnosis and treatment of CF have drastically changed the scenario, resulting in a significant increase in survival and quality of life. In Brazil, the current neonatal screening program for CF has broad coverage, and most of the Brazilian states have referral centers for the follow-up of individuals with the disease. Previously, CF was limited to the pediatric age group. However, an increase in the number of adult CF patients has been observed, because of the greater number of individuals being diagnosed with atypical forms (with milder phenotypic expression) and because of the increase in life expectancy provided by the new treatments. However, there is still great heterogeneity among the different regions of Brazil in terms of the access of CF patients to diagnostic and therapeutic methods. The objective of these guidelines was to aggregate the main scientific evidence to guide the management of these patients. A group of 18 CF specialists devised 82 relevant clinical questions, divided into five categories: characteristics of a referral center; diagnosis; treatment of respiratory disease; gastrointestinal and nutritional treatment; and other aspects. Various professionals working in the area of CF in Brazil were invited to answer the questions devised by the coordinators. We used the PubMed database to search the available literature based on keywords, in order to find the best answers to these questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Abensur Athanazio
- . Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | | | - Alberto Andrade Vergara
- . Hospital Infantil João Paulo II, Rede Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais - FHEMIG - Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Fabíola Villac Adde
- . Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | - Francisco José Caldeira Reis
- . Hospital Infantil João Paulo II, Rede Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais - FHEMIG - Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | - José Dirceu Ribeiro
- . Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas (SP) Brasil
| | - Lídia Alice Torres
- . Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto (SP) Brasil
| | - Marcelo Bicalho de Fuccio
- . Hospital Júlia Kubitschek, Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais - FHEMIG - Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | - Matias Epifanio
- . Hospital São Lucas, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (RS) Brasil
| | | | - Neiva Damaceno
- . Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | - Norberto Ludwig-Neto
- . Hospital Infantil Joana de Gusmão, Florianópolis (SC) Brasil.,. Serviço de Fibrose Cística e Triagem Neonatal para Fibrose Cística, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis (SC) Brasil
| | - Paulo José Cauduro Maróstica
- . Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre (RS) Brasil.,. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre (RS) Brasil
| | - Samia Zahi Rached
- . Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP) Brasil
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Progress in Definition, Prevention and Treatment of Fungal Infections in Cystic Fibrosis. Mycopathologia 2017; 183:21-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-017-0182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Schmack B, Weymann A, Zych B, Sabashnikov A, Grossekettler L, Ruhparwar A, Karck M, Simon AR, Popov AF. Extrakorporale Unterstützungsverfahren bei Lungentransplantation. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR HERZ THORAX UND GEFASSCHIRURGIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00398-016-0090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nkam L, Lambert J, Latouche A, Bellis G, Burgel PR, Hocine MN. A 3-year prognostic score for adults with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2017; 16:702-708. [PMID: 28330773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic progress in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) has resulted in improved prognosis over the past decades. We aim to reevaluate prognostic factors of CF and provide a prognostic score to predict the risk of death or lung transplantation (LT) within a 3-year period in adult patients. METHODS We developed a logistic model using data from the French CF Registry and combined the coefficients into a prognostic score. The discriminative abilities of the model and the prognostic score were assessed by c-statistic. The prognostic score was validated using a 10-fold cross-validation. RESULTS The risk of death or LT within 3years was related to eight characteristics. The development and the validation provided excellent results for the prognostic score; the c-statistic was 0.91 and 0.90 respectively. CONCLUSION The score developed to predict 3-year death or LT in adults with CF might be useful for clinicians to identify patients requiring specialized evaluation for LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Nkam
- Laboratoire Modélisation, Epidémiologie et Surveillance des Risques Sanitaires, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France.
| | - J Lambert
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, Service de Biostatistique et Information Médicale, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - A Latouche
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche en Informatique et Communications, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France
| | - G Bellis
- Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques, Paris, France
| | - P R Burgel
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service de Pneumologie, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - M N Hocine
- Laboratoire Modélisation, Epidémiologie et Surveillance des Risques Sanitaires, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France
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Ziegler B, Perin C, Casarotto FC, Fagondes SC, Menna-Barreto SS, Dalcin PDTR. Pulmonary hypertension as estimated by Doppler echocardiography in adolescent and adult patients with cystic fibrosis and their relationship with clinical, lung function and sleep findings. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2016; 12:754-761. [PMID: 27925430 DOI: 10.1111/crj.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, end stage of pulmonary disease is characterized by pulmonary hypertension (PH), hypoxemia, decrease in exercise tolerance, and sleep quality. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between clinical, lung function, sleep quality, and polysomnographic variables with PH in CF patients aged 16 years or older. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 51 clinically stable CF patients underwent a clinical evaluation, an overnight polysomnography and answered sleep questionnaires (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Epworth sleepiness scale). Also, CF patients had their pulmonary function, 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and echocardiography assessed. RESULTS Fifty-one CF patients participated in the study; 47% were female. The mean age was 25.1 ± 8.8 years. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was greater than 35 mm Hg in 11 (27.5%) patients. Variables associated with PASP>35 mm Hg in univariate analysis were Shwachman-Kulczycki clinical score, forced expiratory volume in 1 second % of predicted, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in sputum culture, at-rest peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2 ), SpO2 at end of 6MWT and time of oxygen desaturation <90% during sleep. These variables were included in the binary logistic regression. The independent variable associated with the PASP > 35 mm Hg was at-rest SpO2 (OR = 10.8, CI 95% 1.7-67.3, P = .011). The cuttoff SpO2 < 94% had the sensitivity = 7/11 = 64%, specificity = 40/40 = 100%, positive predicted values = 7/7 = 100% and negative predicted values = 40/44 = 91% to the diagnosis of PH. CONCLUSION the present study showed a high rate of PH in adolescent and adult CF patients. At-rest SpO2 was associated with PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ziegler
- Serviço de Fisioterapia, Physiotherapist, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Postgraduate Program in Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Christiano Perin
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Postgraduate Program in Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Simone Chaves Fagondes
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Postgraduate Program in Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Hospital de Cínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Saldanha Menna-Barreto
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Professor of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo de Tarso Roth Dalcin
- Professor of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Posgraduate Program, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Mukoviszidose. MED GENET-BERLIN 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11825-016-0105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Die Mukoviszidose gehört mit einer Inzidenz von etwa 1:3300 bis 1:4800 Neugeborenen zu den häufigsten autosomal-rezessiv erblichen Erkrankungen in Deutschland und ist mit einer hohen Morbidität und Mortalität assoziiert. Um die möglichst frühzeitige Einleitung einer Therapie zu ermöglichen, wurde mit der am 1. September 2016 in Kraft getretenen Novellierung der Richtlinie über die Früherkennung von Krankheiten bei Kindern bis zur Vollendung des 6. Lebensjahres durch den Gemeinsamen Bundesausschuss die Einführung eines Screenings auf Mukoviszidose im Neugeborenenalter beschlossen. Ferner konnte durch interdisziplinäre Behandlungskonzepte u. a. in spezialisierten Mukoviszidosezentren die Lebenserwartung in den letzten Jahrzehnten deutlich gesteigert werden. Mit der Entwicklung und zunehmenden Markteinführung mutationsspezifischer Therapien besteht erstmals die Möglichkeit, direkt in die Pathophysiologie der Mukoviszidose einzugreifen.
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is a common life-limiting autosomal recessive genetic disorder, with highest prevalence in Europe, North America, and Australia. The disease is caused by mutation of a gene that encodes a chloride-conducting transmembrane channel called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), which regulates anion transport and mucociliary clearance in the airways. Functional failure of CFTR results in mucus retention and chronic infection and subsequently in local airway inflammation that is harmful to the lungs. CFTR dysfunction mainly affects epithelial cells, although there is evidence of a role in immune cells. Cystic fibrosis affects several body systems, and morbidity and mortality is mostly caused by bronchiectasis, small airways obstruction, and progressive respiratory impairment. Important comorbidities caused by epithelial cell dysfunction occur in the pancreas (malabsorption), liver (biliary cirrhosis), sweat glands (heat shock), and vas deferens (infertility). The development and delivery of drugs that improve the clearance of mucus from the lungs and treat the consequent infection, in combination with correction of pancreatic insufficiency and undernutrition by multidisciplinary teams, have resulted in remarkable improvements in quality of life and clinical outcomes in patients with cystic fibrosis, with median life expectancy now older than 40 years. Innovative and transformational therapies that target the basic defect in cystic fibrosis have recently been developed and are effective in improving lung function and reducing pulmonary exacerbations. Further small molecule and gene-based therapies are being developed to restore CFTR function; these therapies promise to be disease modifying and to improve the lives of people with cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stuart Elborn
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, and Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK.
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Increased Mortality in Adult Cystic Fibrosis Patients with Medicaid Insurance Awaiting Lung Transplantation. Lung 2016; 194:799-806. [DOI: 10.1007/s00408-016-9927-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Patient-reported symptoms and functioning as indicators of mortality in advanced cystic fibrosis: A new tool for referral and selection for lung transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016; 35:789-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.1233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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de Kretser DM, Bensley JG, Phillips DJ, Levvey BJ, Snell GI, Lin E, Hedger MP, O’Hehir RE. Substantial Increases Occur in Serum Activins and Follistatin during Lung Transplantation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0140948. [PMID: 26820896 PMCID: PMC4731072 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung transplantation exposes the donated lung to a period of anoxia. Re-establishing the circulation after ischemia stimulates inflammation causing organ damage. Since our published data established that activin A is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine, we assessed the roles of activin A and B, and their binding protein, follistatin, in patients undergoing lung transplantation. Methods Sera from 46 patients participating in a published study of remote ischemia conditioning in lung transplantation were used. Serum activin A and B, follistatin and 11 other cytokines were measured in samples taken immediately after anaesthesia induction, after remote ischemia conditioning or sham treatment undertaken just prior to allograft reperfusion and during the subsequent 24 hours. Results Substantial increases in serum activin A, B and follistatin occurred after the baseline sample, taken before anaesthesia induction and peaked immediately after the remote ischemia conditioning/sham treatment. The levels remained elevated 15 minutes after lung transplantation declining thereafter reaching baseline 2 hours post-transplant. Activin B and follistatin concentrations were lower in patients receiving remote ischemia conditioning compared to sham treated patients but the magnitude of the decrease did not correlate with early transplant outcomes. Conclusions We propose that the increases in the serum activin A, B and follistatin result from a combination of factors; the acute phase response, the reperfusion response and the use of heparin-based anti-coagulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. de Kretser
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Jonathan G. Bensley
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Bronwyn J. Levvey
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Lung Transplant Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Greg I. Snell
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Lung Transplant Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Enjarn Lin
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark P. Hedger
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn E. O’Hehir
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Lung Transplant Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Elborn JS, Bell SC, Madge SL, Burgel PR, Castellani C, Conway S, De Rijcke K, Dembski B, Drevinek P, Heijerman HGM, Innes JA, Lindblad A, Marshall B, Olesen HV, Reimann AL, Solé A, Viviani L, Wagner TOF, Welte T, Blasi F. Report of the European Respiratory Society/European Cystic Fibrosis Society task force on the care of adults with cystic fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2015; 47:420-8. [PMID: 26453627 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00592-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The improved survival in people with cystic fibrosis has led to an increasing number of patients reaching adulthood. This trend is likely to be maintained over the next decades, suggesting a need to increase the number of centres with expertise in the management of adult patients with cystic fibrosis. These centres should be capable of delivering multidisciplinary care addressing the complexity of the disease, in addition to addressing the psychological burden on patients and their families. Further issues that require attention are organ transplantation and end of life management.Lung disease in adults with cystic fibrosis drives most of the clinical care requirements, and major life-threatening complications, such as respiratory infection, respiratory failure, pneumothorax and haemoptysis, and the management of lung transplantation require expertise from trained respiratory physicians. The taskforce therefore strongly reccommends that medical leadership in multidisciplinary adult teams should be attributed to a respiratory physician adequately trained in cystic fibrosis management.The task force suggests the implementation of a core curriculum for trainees in adult respiratory medicine and the selection and accreditation of training centres that deliver postgraduate training to the standards of the HERMES programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stuart Elborn
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Scott C Bell
- Dept of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital and QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susan L Madge
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Pierre-Regis Burgel
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris and Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Carlo Castellani
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Steven Conway
- Paediatric and Adult CF Units, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Pavel Drevinek
- Dept of Medical Microbiology, Motol University Hospital and 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Harry G M Heijerman
- Haga Teaching Hospital, Dept of Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - J Alistair Innes
- Scottish Adult Cystic Fibrosis Service, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anders Lindblad
- Dept of Paediatrics, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Ampara Solé
- Lung Transplant and Adult Cystic Fibrosis, Dept of Pneumology, University Hospital la FE, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Viviani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas O F Wagner
- Christiane Herzog CF Centre, Dept of Respiratory Diseases, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Francesco Blasi
- Dept of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive, monogenetic disorder caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. The gene defect was first described 25 years ago and much progress has been made since then in our understanding of how CFTR mutations cause disease and how this can be addressed therapeutically. CFTR is a transmembrane protein that transports ions across the surface of epithelial cells. CFTR dysfunction affects many organs; however, lung disease is responsible for the vast majority of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis. Prenatal diagnostics, newborn screening and new treatment algorithms are changing the incidence and the prevalence of the disease. Until recently, the standard of care in cystic fibrosis treatment focused on preventing and treating complications of the disease; now, novel treatment strategies directly targeting the ion channel abnormality are becoming available and it will be important to evaluate how these treatments affect disease progression and the quality of life of patients. In this Primer, we summarize the current knowledge, and provide an outlook on how cystic fibrosis clinical care and research will be affected by new knowledge and therapeutic options in the near future. For an illustrated summary of this Primer, visit: http://go.nature.com/4VrefN.
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Lynch JP, Sayah DM, Belperio JA, Weigt SS. Lung transplantation for cystic fibrosis: results, indications, complications, and controversies. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 36:299-320. [PMID: 25826595 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1547347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Survival in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) has improved dramatically over the past 30 to 40 years, with mean survival now approximately 40 years. Nonetheless, progressive respiratory insufficiency remains the major cause of mortality in CF patients, and lung transplantation (LT) is eventually required. Timing of listing for LT is critical, because up to 25 to 41% of CF patients have died while awaiting LT. Globally, approximately 16.4% of lung transplants are performed in adults with CF. Survival rates for LT recipients with CF are superior to other indications, yet LT is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality (∼50% at 5-year survival rates). Myriad complications of LT include allograft failure (acute or chronic), opportunistic infections, and complications of chronic immunosuppressive medications (including malignancy). Determining which patients are candidates for LT is difficult, and survival benefit remains uncertain. In this review, we discuss when LT should be considered, criteria for identifying candidates, contraindications to LT, results post-LT, and specific complications that may be associated with LT. Infectious complications that may complicate CF (particularly Burkholderia cepacia spp., opportunistic fungi, and nontuberculous mycobacteria) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Lynch
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - David M Sayah
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - John A Belperio
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - S Sam Weigt
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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