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Bdair H, Singleton TA, Ross K, Jolly D, Kang MS, Aliaga A, Tuznik M, Kaur T, Yous S, Soucy JP, Massarweh G, Scott PJH, Koeppe R, Spadoni G, Bedini A, Rudko DA, Gobbi G, Benkelfat C, Rosa-Neto P, Brooks AF, Kostikov A. Radiosynthesis and In Vivo Evaluation of Four Positron Emission Tomography Tracer Candidates for Imaging of Melatonin Receptors. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1382-1394. [PMID: 35420022 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a neurohormone that modulates several physiological functions in mammals through the activation of melatonin receptor type 1 and 2 (MT1 and MT2). The melatonergic system is an emerging therapeutic target for new pharmacological interventions in the treatment of sleep and mood disorders; thus, imaging tools to further investigate its role in the brain are highly sought-after. We aimed to develop selective radiotracers for in vivo imaging of both MT1 and MT2 by positron emission tomography (PET). We identified four previously reported MT ligands with picomolar affinities to the target based on different scaffolds which were also amenable for radiolabeling with either carbon-11 or fluorine-18. [11C]UCM765, [11C]UCM1014, [18F]3-fluoroagomelatine ([18F]3FAGM), and [18F]fluoroacetamidoagomelatine ([18F]FAAGM) have been synthesized in high radiochemical purity and evaluated in wild-type rats. All four tracers showed moderate to high brain permeability in rats with maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax of 2.53, 1.75, 3.25, and 4.47, respectively) achieved 1-2 min after tracer administration, followed by a rapid washout from the brain. Several melatonin ligands failed to block the binding of any of the PET tracer candidates, while in some cases, homologous blocking surprisingly resulted in increased brain retention. Two 18F-labeled agomelatine derivatives were brought forward to PET scans in non-human primates and autoradiography on human brain tissues. No specific binding has been detected in blocking studies. To further investigate pharmacokinetic properties of the putative tracers, microsomal stability, plasma protein binding, log D, and membrane bidirectional permeability assays have been conducted. Based on the results, we conclude that the fast first pass metabolism by the enzymes in liver microsomes is the likely reason of the failure of our PET tracer candidates. Nevertheless, we showed that PET imaging can serve as a valuable tool to investigate the brain permeability of new therapeutic compounds targeting the melatonergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Bdair
- McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- McGill University, Department of Psychiatry, Irving Ludmer Psychiatry Research and Training Building, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Thomas A. Singleton
- McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Karen Ross
- McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Dean Jolly
- McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Min Su Kang
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Alzheimer’s Disease Research Unit, Douglas Research Institute, Le Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de l’Ouest-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Arturo Aliaga
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Alzheimer’s Disease Research Unit, Douglas Research Institute, Le Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de l’Ouest-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Marius Tuznik
- McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Tanpreet Kaur
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Radiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5610, United States
| | - Saïd Yous
- University of Lille, Lille Neurosciences and Cognition Research Center, Lille, Hauts-de-France FR 59000, France
| | - Jean-Paul Soucy
- McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Concordia University, PERFORM Centre, Montreal, Québec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Gassan Massarweh
- McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Peter J. H. Scott
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Radiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5610, United States
| | - Robert Koeppe
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Radiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5610, United States
| | - Gilberto Spadoni
- University Carlo Bo, Department Biomolecular Science, Urbino IT 61029, Italy
| | - Annalida Bedini
- University Carlo Bo, Department Biomolecular Science, Urbino IT 61029, Italy
| | - David A. Rudko
- McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Gabriella Gobbi
- McGill University, Department of Psychiatry, Irving Ludmer Psychiatry Research and Training Building, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Chawki Benkelfat
- McGill University, Department of Psychiatry, Irving Ludmer Psychiatry Research and Training Building, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Pedro Rosa-Neto
- McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Alzheimer’s Disease Research Unit, Douglas Research Institute, Le Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de l’Ouest-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Allen F. Brooks
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Radiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5610, United States
| | - Alexey Kostikov
- McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Alzheimer’s Disease Research Unit, Douglas Research Institute, Le Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de l’Ouest-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
- McGill University, Department of Chemistry, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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Beigi B, Shahidi S, Komaki A, Sarihi A, Hashemi-Firouzi N. Pretraining hippocampal stimulation of melatonin type 2 receptors can improve memory acquisition in rats. Int J Neurosci 2018; 129:492-500. [PMID: 30431374 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2018.1545770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Learning and memory are among the most important cognitive functions of the brain. Melatonin receptor type 2 (MT2R) is located in the hippocampus and participates in learning and memory processes. In the present study, we examined the role of hippocampal MT2R activation in the acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval of learning and memory in novel object recognition (NOR) and passive avoidance (PA) tasks. METHODS IIK7 (0.03, 0.3, and 3 μg/μl/side), as a selective MT2R agonist, or vehicle was injected bilaterally into the dentate gyrus (DG) region of the hippocampus in rats five minutes before training, immediately after training, and five minutes before the retrieval-behavioral tasks, respectively. The discrimination index (DI) was measured in the NOR task, while step-through latency in acquisition (STLa), number of trials to acquisition (NOT), step-through latency in the retention trial (STLr), and time spent in the dark compartment (TDC) were determined in the PA task. RESULTS The pretraining intrahippocampal injection of IIK7 at all doses significantly improved acquisition in the PA task. On the other hand, the posttraining intrahippocampal administration of IIK7 had no significant effects on consolidation. The preretrieval intrahippocampal injection of IIK7 at different doses attenuated the retrieval of memory. However, the NOR data showed that the intrahippocampal injection of IIK7 at different doses had no significant effects on the acquisition, consolidation, or retrieval in this task. DISCUSSION Based on the findings, stimulation of MT2R could improve acquisition, whereas it had no effects on consolidation. It could impair retrieval in the PA task, while it had no effects on object recognition in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Beigi
- a Neurophysiology Research Center , Hamadan University of Medical Science , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Siamak Shahidi
- a Neurophysiology Research Center , Hamadan University of Medical Science , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- a Neurophysiology Research Center , Hamadan University of Medical Science , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Abdolrahman Sarihi
- a Neurophysiology Research Center , Hamadan University of Medical Science , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Nasrin Hashemi-Firouzi
- a Neurophysiology Research Center , Hamadan University of Medical Science , Hamadan , Iran
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Gatti G, Lucini V, Dugnani S, Calastretti A, Spadoni G, Bedini A, Rivara S, Mor M, Canti G, Scaglione F, Bevilacqua A. Antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activity of melatonin analogues on melanoma and breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:68338-68353. [PMID: 28978121 PMCID: PMC5620261 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin plays different physiological functions ranging from the regulation of circadian rhythms to tumor inhibition, owing to its antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anti-aging properties. Due to its pleiotropic functions, melatonin has been shown to elicit cytoprotective processes in normal cells and trigger pro-apoptotic signals in cancer cells. The therapeutic potential of melatonin analogues prompted us to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of new melatonin derivatives and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. The experiments revealed that the new melatonin analogues inhibited the growth of melanoma and breast cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, our results indicated that melatonin derivative UCM 1037 could induce apoptosis in melanoma and breast cancer cells, as well as cell necrosis, in MCF-7. Together, apoptosis and necrosis could be two possible mechanisms to explain the cytotoxic effect of the melatonin analogue against cancer cells. The suppression of tumor growth by the melatonin analogues was further demonstrated in vivo in a xenograft mice model. A decrease in the activation of MAPK pathway was observed in all cancer cells following UCM 1037 treatment. Overall, this study describes a promising antitumor compound showing antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity in melanoma and breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Gatti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Lucini
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Dugnani
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Calastretti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gilberto Spadoni
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Annalida Bedini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Silvia Rivara
- Department of Food and Drug, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Mor
- Department of Food and Drug, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Canti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Scaglione
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Bevilacqua
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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