1
|
Verma N, Raghuvanshi DS, Singh RV. Recent advances in the chemistry and biology of oleanolic acid and its derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116619. [PMID: 38981335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The pentacyclic triterpenes represent a significant class of plant bioactives with a variety of structures and a wide array of biological activities. These are biosynthetically produced via the mevalonate pathway although occasionally mixed pathways may also occur to introduce structural divergence. Oleanolic acid is one of the most explored bioactive from this class of compounds and possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological and biological activities including liver protection, anti-cancer, atherosclerosis, anti-inflammation, antibacterial, anti-HIV, anti-oxidative, anti-diabetic etc. This review provides an overview of the latest research findings, highlighting the versatile medicinal and biological potential of oleanolic and its future prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narsingh Verma
- R&D, Technology, and Innovation, Merck-Life Science, Jigani, Bangalore, 560100, India
| | | | - Ravindra Vikram Singh
- R&D, Technology, and Innovation, Merck-Life Science, Jigani, Bangalore, 560100, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maurus G, Ho TH, Lee PT. Effects of dietary Scutellaria baicalensis extract on growth performance, immune-related genes expression, and resistance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Res Vet Sci 2023; 159:160-170. [PMID: 37148735 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study dietary Scutellaria baicalensis extract (SBE) was used to improve the shrimps' immune response and its resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus. SBE obtained by solid-liquid extraction (SLE) has shown stronger antibacterial activity against V. parahaemolyticus compared to extracts obtained through the pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method. A stronger immune response, such as the production of reactive oxygen species and the induction of expression of immune genes in hemocytes was seen in the SBE (SLE) treated group in vitro. SBE (SLE) had better immune stimulation effects and bactericidal activity than SBE (PLE) and therefore was chosen for in vivo feeding trial. The group fed with 1% SBE showed a better growth performance after 2 weeks of the feeding trial, but the growth-promoting effects did not last until the end of the trial at week four. Higher SBE intake reduced shrimp resistance to V. parahaemolyticus on week two but showed better resistance than the control group on the fourth week. Gene expression assays were used to investigate contradictory responses of the SBE-fed groups to V. parahaemolyticus at different times. Most of the genes examined in the selected tissues were not significantly changed, suggesting that the higher mortality of shrimp fed with high dose of SBE was not due to suppression of immune-related genes at earlier time point. Collectively, the bioactivity of SBE is influenced by the extraction conditions. Higher dietary doses of SBE (1% and 5%) improved the resistance of the white shrimp to V. parahaemolyticus after a longer feeding period (week four), but caution should be taken when applying SBE in the feed since a vulnerable status (week two) was seen during the feeding trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Germain Maurus
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Thi Hang Ho
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Tsang Lee
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Metabolomics as a Prospective Tool for Soybean (Glycine max) Crop Improvement. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4181-4196. [PMID: 36135199 PMCID: PMC9497771 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44090287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Global demand for soybean and its products has stimulated research into the production of novel genotypes with higher yields, greater drought and disease tolerance, and shorter growth times. Genetic research may be the most effective way to continue developing high-performing cultivars with desirable agronomic features and improved nutritional content and seed performance. Metabolomics, which predicts the metabolic marker for plant performance under stressful conditions, is rapidly gaining interest in plant breeding and has emerged as a powerful tool for driving crop improvement. The development of increasingly sensitive, automated, and high-throughput analytical technologies, paired with improved bioinformatics and other omics techniques, has paved the way for wide characterization of genetic characteristics for crop improvement. The combination of chromatography (liquid and gas-based) with mass spectrometry has also proven to be an indisputable efficient platform for metabolomic studies, notably plant metabolic fingerprinting investigations. Nevertheless, there has been significant progress in the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), capillary electrophoresis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), each with its own set of benefits and drawbacks. Furthermore, utilizing multivariate analysis, principal components analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis, and projection to latent structures (PLS), it is possible to identify and differentiate various groups. The researched soybean varieties may be correctly classified by using the PCA and PLS multivariate analyses. As metabolomics is an effective method for evaluating and selecting wild specimens with desirable features for the breeding of improved new cultivars, plant breeders can benefit from the identification of metabolite biomarkers and key metabolic pathways to develop new genotypes with value-added features.
Collapse
|
4
|
Feng L, Yang Y, Liu SS, Tan DY, Tan C, Yu AN. The study of volatile products formation from the self-degradation of l-ascorbic acid in hot compressed water. Food Chem 2022; 371:131155. [PMID: 34571410 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The volatile products (VPs) formation from the self-degradation of l-ascorbic acid (ASA) in hot compressed water (HCW) was investigated with different reaction parameters, such as time, temperature, pH and ratio of ASA/water. The results showed that various reaction parameters had varying degrees of influence on the reaction, while the most significant effect factor was the initial pH of the solution. Furfural was the major product under acidic conditions, while furan derivatives were the main products under alkaline conditions. The above results showed that pH played the dominant role for yields and distribution of VPs in HCW. In the HCW system, the yields and classifications of VPs and conversion rate of ASA were not the same as those of VPs and ASA under traditional conditions. Based on the experimental results, the possible formation mechanism of VPs from the self-degradation of ASA was proposed in HCW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Feng
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China.
| | - Shuang-Shuang Liu
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
| | - Ding-Yun Tan
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
| | - Chun Tan
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
| | - Ai-Nong Yu
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao Q, Wei Z, Liu Y, Wang F, Zhang S, Serrano C, Li L, Sun B. Characterization, Large-Scale HSCCC Separation and Neuroprotective Effects of Polyphenols from Moringa oleifera Leaves. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030678. [PMID: 35163945 PMCID: PMC8840448 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Moringa oleifera leaves have been widely used for the treatment of inflammation, diabetes, high blood pressure, and other diseases, due to being rich in polyphenols. The main objective of this work was to largely separate the main polyphenols from Moringa oleifera leaves using the technique of high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). The phenolic composition in Moringa oleifera leaves was first analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS and UPLC-QqQ/MS, respectively, indicating that quercetin and kaempferol derivatives, phenolic acid and apigenin are the main polyphenols in Moringa oleifera leaves, with quercetin and kaempferol derivatives predominating. Furthermore, the conditions of HSCCC for large-scale separation of polyphenols from Moringa oleifera leaves were optimized, which included the selection of the solvent system, flow rate and the sample load. Only by one-step HSCCC separation (within 120 min) under the optimized conditions, six quercetin and kaempferol derivatives, a phenolic acid and an apigenin could be individually isolated at a large scale (yield from 10% to 98%), each of which possessed high purity. Finally, the isolated polyphenols and phenolic extract from Moringa oleifera leaves (MLPE) were verified to have strong neuroprotective activities against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in PC-12 cells, suggesting that these compounds would contribute to the main beneficial effects of Moringa oleifera leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gao
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Q.G.); (Y.L.); (F.W.); (S.Z.)
| | - Zongmin Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medical, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China;
- Jiangsu Hansoh Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222069, China
| | - Yun Liu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Q.G.); (Y.L.); (F.W.); (S.Z.)
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Q.G.); (Y.L.); (F.W.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuting Zhang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Q.G.); (Y.L.); (F.W.); (S.Z.)
| | - Carmo Serrano
- Unidade de Tecnologia e Inovação, Instituto National de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | - Lingxi Li
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Q.G.); (Y.L.); (F.W.); (S.Z.)
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (B.S.); Tel.: +351-261-712-106 (B.S.)
| | - Baoshan Sun
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Q.G.); (Y.L.); (F.W.); (S.Z.)
- Pólo Dois Portos, Instituto National de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., Quinta da Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (B.S.); Tel.: +351-261-712-106 (B.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Paluch E, Okińczyc P, Zwyrzykowska-Wodzińska A, Szperlik J, Żarowska B, Duda-Madej A, Bąbelewski P, Włodarczyk M, Wojtasik W, Kupczyński R, Szumny A. Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Ilex Leaves Water Extracts. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247442. [PMID: 34946528 PMCID: PMC8707412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants from the Ilex genus are known for properties such as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity, can act as antiobesity agents and thus can be helpful in medicine. Some holly species, such as Ilex paraguariensis (widely known in the form of popular beverage: yerba mate), have been investigated, while others have been partially researched or remain unknown. Therefore, we performed qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses and screened antimicrobial properties of lesser-studied species (I. aquifolium L., I. aquifolium ‘Argentea Marginata’ and I. × meserveae ‘Blue Angel’). I. paraguariensis was used as a standard species for comparison purposes. Investigations were performed on water extracts due to their expected activity and composition. Antimicrobial research included evaluating minimal inhibitory, bactericidal (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and fungicidal concentration (Candida albicans, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, and Aspergillus niger) of extracts. The influence of the extracts on the production, eradication, and viability of bacterial biofilms was also analysed. It was established that Ilex paraguariensis possesses the richest profile of hydroxycinnamic acids derivatives in terms of component concentration and diversity. Ilex spp., especially I. × meserveae, contain a slightly higher amount of flavonoids and more different flavonoid derivatives than I. paraguariensis. However, the strongest antibacterial activity was shown by I. aquifolium L. and its cultivar ‘Argentea Marginata’ in terms of minimal inhibitory, bactericidal and fungicidal concentration, and biofilm assays. Extracts from both species significantly reduced the biofilm viability of S. aureus as well, which may be of use in the production of multicomponent lavaseptics, antiseptics, diuretics (supporting urinary tract infection therapy) and, due to their action on fungi, additives to growth media for specific fungi. The significant content of saponins enables Ilex extracts to be used as natural emulsifiers, for example, in cosmetics. Moreover, relatively high chlorogenic acid and rutin content may suggest use of Ilex spp. to treat obesity, digestive problems, in chemoprevention, and as preservatives in the food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emil Paluch
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 4, 50-376 Wrocław, Poland; (E.P.); (A.D.-M.)
| | - Piotr Okińczyc
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence: (P.O.); (P.B.); Tel.: +48-71-784-02-16 (P.O.)
| | - Anna Zwyrzykowska-Wodzińska
- Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (A.Z.-W.); (R.K.)
| | - Jakub Szperlik
- Laboratory of Tissue Culture, Botanical Garden, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Sienkiewicza 23, 50-525 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Barbara Żarowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Anna Duda-Madej
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 4, 50-376 Wrocław, Poland; (E.P.); (A.D.-M.)
| | - Przemysław Bąbelewski
- Department of Horticulture, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki 24A, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (P.O.); (P.B.); Tel.: +48-71-784-02-16 (P.O.)
| | - Maciej Włodarczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Wioleta Wojtasik
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Robert Kupczyński
- Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (A.Z.-W.); (R.K.)
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kabanda MM, Gbashi S, Madala NE. Proportional coexistence of okanin chalcone glycoside and okanin flavanone glycoside in Bidens pilosa leaves and theoretical investigation on the antioxidant properties of their aglycones. Free Radic Res 2020; 55:53-70. [PMID: 33267705 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1859107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Bidens pilosa plant has been shown to produce okanin flavanone glycoside and its chalcone derivative. In most other plants, due to chalcone isomerase enzyme, the flavanone tends to exist in higher proportions than their chalcone precursors. Herein we have utilized liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry approach and shown that within the leaves of Bidens pilosa plant the two okanin glycosides exist in unusual equal proportional distribution, which indicates that Bidens pilosa plant is an alternative rich source of these highly sought-after antioxidant molecules. The aglycone okanin chalcone (ONC) and okanin flavanone (ONF) have experimentally been shown to exhibit antioxidant activity. However, experimental findings have not conclusively determined which of the two compounds is a more potent antiradical than the other. Herein, the density functional theory (DFT) method is utilized to establish, from structural and thermodynamic energetic considerations, the preferred antioxidant molecule between the two aglycone okanins. A theoretical study on the antioxidant properties of ONC and ONF has been performed by considering their radical scavenging and metal cation (Mn+, where M = Cu(II) or Fe (III)) chelation ability. The study has been performed using B3LYP/6-31 + G(d,p) method. In the case of the metal chelation mechanism, the LANL2DZ pseudo-potential was selected to describe the selected Mn+ cations. The results of the study suggest that ONC is a better radical scavenger than ONF because of the extended electron delocalization on its neutral radical, which is due to the presence of conjugation within the ONC neutral radical after hydrogen atom abstraction. In the metal chelation mechanism, it is noted that the binding energies depend on the media, the nature of the ligand and the cation and the cation coordination site on the ligand. The charge and the spin density on Mn+ decrease on coordination to the ligand. The ability of the ligands to reduce Mn+ cations, coupled with the strong Mn+ binding properties, has significant implication on the antioxidant ability of both okanins. However, since ONC⋅⋅⋅M+n interaction results in higher binding energy than ONF⋅⋅⋅M+n interaction, the implication is that ONC is a preferred free metal ion chelator than ONF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mwadham M Kabanda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Sefater Gbashi
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Metabolomics: A Tool for Cultivar Phenotyping and Investigation of Grain Crops. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10060831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The quality of plants is often enhanced for diverse purposes such as improved resistance to environmental pressures, better taste, and higher yields. Considering the world’s dependence on plants (nutrition, medicine, or biofuel), developing new cultivars with superior characteristics is of great importance. As part of the ‘omics’ approaches, metabolomics has been employed to investigate the large number of metabolites present in plant systems under well-defined environmental conditions. Recent advances in the metabolomics field have greatly expanded our understanding of plant metabolism, largely driven by potential application to agricultural systems. The current review presents the workflow for plant metabolome analyses, current knowledge, and future directions of such research as determinants of cultivar phenotypes. Furthermore, the value of metabolome analyses in contemporary crop science is illustrated. Here, metabolomics has provided valuable information in research on grain crops and identified significant biomarkers under different conditions and/or stressors. Moreover, the value of metabolomics has been redefined from simple biomarker identification to a tool for discovering active drivers involved in biological processes. We illustrate and conclude that the rapid advances in metabolomics are driving an explosion of information that will advance modern breeding approaches for grain crops and address problems associated with crop productivity and sustainable agriculture.
Collapse
|
9
|
Matumba MG, Ayeleso AO, Nyakudya T, Erlwanger K, Chegou NN, Mukwevho E. Long-Term Impact of Neonatal Intake of Oleanolic Acid on the Expression of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase, Adiponectin and Inflammatory Cytokines in Rats Fed with a High Fructose Diet. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020226. [PMID: 30678182 PMCID: PMC6412886 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is known to regulate both glucose and lipid metabolism, which play vital roles in the development of metabolic syndrome. One way of regulating AMPK is through hormonal activation using adiponectin. Patients diagnosed with type-2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity exhibit low adiponectin concentration levels in their blood. Moreover, studies have also shown that inflammatory processes play a significant role in the etiology of these metabolic diseases. In this study, the long-term effects of neonatal intake of oleanolic acid (OA) on the AMPK gene, genes associated with glucose transport and lipid metabolism, adiponectin levels, and inflammatory biomarkers in rats fed with a high fructose diet were investigated. Seven day old pups were randomly divided into five groups and treated as follows; 0.5% dimethylsulphoxide v/v in distilled water vehicle control (CON), oleanolic acid (OA, 60 mg/kg), high fructose diet (HF, 20% w/v), high fructose diet combined with oleanolic acid (HF+OA), and high fructose diet combined with metformin (HF+MET, 500 mg/kg). The treatments were administered once daily until day 14. The rats were then weaned at day 21 and fed standard rat chow and had ad libitum access to plain drinking water until day 112. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to analyze the gene expressions of AMPK, Glut-4, Cpt-1, AdipoR1, AdipoR2, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the skeletal muscles. Bio-Plex Pro magnetic bead-based assay was used to measure plasma levels of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, VEGF, and MCP-1) while ELISA kits were used to measure adiponectin concentration in blood plasma. The results obtained in this study showed that neonatal supplementation with OA significantly increased AMPK gene expression approximately ~4-fold in OA fed rats compared to those that were fed with HF alone. In addition, glut-4 gene expression was also significantly higher in the OA treatment group compared to all the other experimental groups except the CON group whereas Cpt-1 gene was more expressed when OA was administered alone. Together, these results indicated that OA can play a role in glucose and lipid metabolism gene regulation. Furthermore, the results showed that the OA group had ~1.5-fold increase in adiponectin concentration when comparedto the HF group. Moreover, HF increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, which was attenuated by neonatal administration of OA. Plasma concentration and gene expression in the skeletal muscle for TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased in rats that were treated with HF alone when compared to all the other groups. On the contrary, the high levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were reduced when OA was administered. These findings suggest that intake of oleanolic acid during the neonatal stage of development could be a potential strategic intervention for the long-term prevention of metabolic diseases such as T2D and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mashudu Given Matumba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
| | - Ademola Olabode Ayeleso
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Adeleke University, P.M.B. 250, Ede, Osun State 232101, Nigeria.
| | - Trevor Nyakudya
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
| | - Kennedy Erlwanger
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
| | - Novel N Chegou
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research and South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.
| | - Emmanuel Mukwevho
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yahya NA, Attan N, Wahab RA. An overview of cosmeceutically relevant plant extracts and strategies for extraction of plant-based bioactive compounds. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
11
|
Ayeleso TB, Matumba MG, Mukwevho E. Oleanolic Acid and Its Derivatives: Biological Activities and Therapeutic Potential in Chronic Diseases. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111915. [PMID: 29137205 PMCID: PMC6150249 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand for natural products as an alternative therapy for chronic diseases has encouraged research into the pharmacological importance of bioactive compounds from plants. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in the therapeutic potential of oleanolic acid (OA) in the prevention and management of chronic diseases. Oleanolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid widely found in plants, including fruits and vegetables with different techniques and chromatography platforms being employed in its extraction and isolation. Several studies have demonstrated the potential therapeutic effects of OA on different diseases and their symptoms. Furthermore, oleanolic acid also serves as a framework for the development of novel semi-synthetic triterpenoids that could prove vital in finding therapeutic modalities for various ailments. There are recent advances in the design and synthesis of chemical derivatives of OA to enhance its solubility, bioavailability and potency. Some of these derivatives have also been therapeutic candidates in a number of clinical trials. This review consolidates and expands on recent reports on the biological effects of oleanolic acid from different plant sources and its synthetic derivatives as well as their mechanisms of action in in vitro and in vivo study models. This review suggests that oleanolic acid and its derivatives are important candidates in the search for alternative therapy in the treatment and management of chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo Betty Ayeleso
- Department of Biochemistry, North West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
| | - Mashudu Given Matumba
- Department of Biochemistry, North West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
| | - Emmanuel Mukwevho
- Department of Biochemistry, North West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Masike K, Khoza BS, Steenkamp PA, Smit E, Dubery IA, Madala NE. A Metabolomics-Guided Exploration of the Phytochemical Constituents of Vernonia fastigiata with the Aid of Pressurized Hot Water Extraction and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081200. [PMID: 28749445 PMCID: PMC6152066 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vernonia fastigiata is a multi-purpose nutraceutical plant with interesting biological properties. However, very little is known about its phytochemical composition and, thus the need for its phytochemical characterization. In the current study, an environmentally friendly method, pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE), was used to extract metabolites from the leaves of V. fastigiata at various temperatures (50 °C, 100 °C, 150 °C and 200 °C). Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS) analysis in combination with chemometric methods, particularly principal component analysis (PCA) and liquid/gas chromatography mass spectrometry (XCMS) cloud plots, were used to descriptively visualize the data and identify significant metabolites extracted at various temperatures. A total of 25 different metabolites, including hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, clovamide, deoxy-clovamide and flavonoids, were noted for the first time in this plant. Overall, an increase in extraction temperature resulted in an increase in metabolite extraction during PHWE. This study is the first scientific report on the phytochemical composition of V. fastigiata, providing insight into the components of the chemo-diversity of this important plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keabetswe Masike
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa.
| | - Bradley S Khoza
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa.
| | - Paul A Steenkamp
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa.
| | - Elize Smit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa.
| | - Ian A Dubery
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa.
| | - Ntakadzeni E Madala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Moyo S, Mavumengwana V, Kayitesi E. Effects of cooking and drying on phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of African green leafy vegetables. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2017.1289384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S.M. Moyo
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - V. Mavumengwana
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - E. Kayitesi
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gbashi S, Njobeh P, Steenkamp P, Madala N. Pressurized hot water extraction and chemometric fingerprinting of flavonoids from Bidens pilosa by UPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2016.1230151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sefeter Gbashi
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Patrick Njobeh
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Paul Steenkamp
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Biosciences, Natural Products and Agroprocessing Group, Pretoria, South Africa
- Departmnet of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa
| | - Ntakadzeni Madala
- Departmnet of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Green downstream processing using supercritical carbon dioxide, CO2-expanded ethanol and pressurized hot water extractions for recovering bioactive compounds from Moringa oleifera leaves. J Supercrit Fluids 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
16
|
Gbashi S, Njobeh P, Steenkamp P, Tutu H, Madala N. The effect of temperature and methanol-water mixture on pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) of anti-HIV analogoues from Bidens pilosa. Chem Cent J 2016; 10:37. [PMID: 30328564 PMCID: PMC5396525 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-016-0182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) technique has recently gain much attention for the extraction of biologically active compounds from plant tissues for analytical purposes, due to the limited use of organic solvents, its cost-effectiveness, ease-of-use and efficiency. An increase in temperature results in higher yields, however, issues with degradation of some metabolites (e.g. tartrate esters) when PHWE is conditioned at elevated temperatures has greatly limited its use. In this study, we considered possibilities of optimizing PHWE of some specific functional metabolites from Bidens pilosa using solvent compositions of 0, 20, 40 and 60 % methanol and a temperature profile of 50, 100 and 150 °C. Results The extracts obtained were analyzed using UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS and the results showed that both temperature and solvent composition were critical for efficient recovery of target metabolites, i.e., dicaffeoylquinic acid (diCQA) and chicoric acid (CA), which are known to possess anti-HIV properties. It was also possible to extract different isomers (possibly cis-geometrical isomers) of these molecules. Significantly differential (p ≤ 0.05) recovery patterns corresponding to the extraction conditions were observed as recovery increased with increase in methanol composition as well as temperature. The major compounds recovered in descending order were 3,5-diCQA with relative peak intensity of 204.23 ± 3.16 extracted at 50 °C and 60 % methanol; chicoric acid (141.00 ± 3.55) at 50 °C and 60 % methanol; 4,5-diCQA (108.05 ± 4.76) at 150 °C and 0 % methanol; 3,4-diCQA (53.04 ± 13.49) at 150 °C and 0 % methanol; chicoric acid isomer (40.01 ± 1.14) at 150 °C and 20 % methanol; and cis-3,5-diCQA (12.07 ± 5.54) at 100 °C and 60 % methanol. Fitting the central composite design response surface model to our data generated models that fit the data well with R2 values ranging from 0.57 to 0.87. Accordingly, it was possible to observe on the response surface plots the effects of temperature and solvent composition on the recovery patterns of these metabolites as well as to establish the optimum extraction conditions. Furthermore, the pareto charts revealed that methanol composition had a stronger effect on extraction yield than temperature. Conclusion Using methanol as a co-solvent resulted in significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) even at temperatures as low as 50 °C, thus undermining the limitation of thermal degradation at higher temperatures during PHWE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sefater Gbashi
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2028, South Africa
| | - Patrick Njobeh
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2028, South Africa
| | - Paul Steenkamp
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa.,Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Biosciences, Natural Products and Agroprocessing Group, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Hlanganani Tutu
- School of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, WITS, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
| | - Ntakadzeni Madala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gbashi S, Adebo OA, Piater L, Madala NE, Njobeh PB. Subcritical Water Extraction of Biological Materials. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2016.1170035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
18
|
Optimization of Pressurized Hot Water Extraction of Flavonoids from Momordica foetida Using UHPLC-qTOF-MS and Multivariate Chemometric Approaches. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0302-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|