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Perna A, Venditti N, Merolla F, Fusco S, Guerra G, Zoroddu S, De Luca A, Bagella L. Nutraceuticals in Pregnancy: A Special Focus on Probiotics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9688. [PMID: 39273635 PMCID: PMC11395456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The placenta is crucial to fetal development and performs vital functions such as nutrient exchange, waste removal and hormone regulation. Abnormal placental development can lead to conditions such as fetal growth restriction, pre-eclampsia and stillbirth, affecting both immediate and long-term fetal health. Placental development is a highly complex process involving interactions between maternal and fetal components, imprinted genes, signaling pathways, mitochondria, fetal sexomes and environmental factors such as diet, supplementation and exercise. Probiotics have been shown to make a significant contribution to prenatal health, placental health and fetal development, with associations with reduced risk of preterm birth and pre-eclampsia, as well as improvements in maternal health through effects on gut microbiota, lipid metabolism, vaginal infections, gestational diabetes, allergic diseases and inflammation. This review summarizes key studies on the influence of dietary supplementation on placental development, with a focus on the role of probiotics in prenatal health and fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Noemi Venditti
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
- UO Laboratory Analysis, Responsible Research Hospital, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Francesco Merolla
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Sabato Fusco
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Stefano Zoroddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Bagella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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Caruso V, Raia A, Rigoli L. Wolfram Syndrome 1: A Neuropsychiatric Perspective on a Rare Disease. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:984. [PMID: 39202345 PMCID: PMC11353439 DOI: 10.3390/genes15080984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome 1 (WS1) is an uncommon autosomal recessive neurological disorder that is characterized by diabetes insipidus, early-onset non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness (DIDMOAD). Other clinical manifestations are neuropsychiatric symptoms, urinary tract alterations, and endocrinological disorders. The rapid clinical course of WS1 results in death by the age of 30. Severe brain atrophy leads to central respiratory failure, which is the main cause of death in WS1 patients. Mutations in the WFS1 gene, located on chromosome 4p16, account for approximately 90% of WS1 cases. The gene produces wolframin, a transmembrane glycoprotein widely distributed and highly expressed in retinal, neural, and muscular tissues. Wolframin plays a crucial role in the regulation of apoptosis, insulin signaling, and ER calcium homeostasis, as well as the ER stress response. WS1 has been designated as a neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorder due to the numerous abnormalities in the ER stress-mediated system. WS1 is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that affects patients and their families. Early diagnosis and recognition of the initial clinical signs may slow the disease's progression and improve symptomatology. Moreover, genetic counseling should be provided to the patient's relatives to extend multidisciplinary care to their first-degree family members. Regrettably, there are currently no specific drugs for the therapy of this fatal disease. A better understanding of the etiology of WS1 will make possible the development of new therapeutic approaches that may enhance the life expectancy of patients. This review will examine the pathogenetic mechanisms, development, and progression of neuropsychiatric symptoms commonly associated with WS1. A thorough understanding of WS1's neurophysiopathology is critical for achieving the goal of improving patients' quality of life and life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Caruso
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatric Section, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana (A.U.O.P.), 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Accursio Raia
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatric Section, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana (A.U.O.P.), 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Luciana Rigoli
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood G. Barresi, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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Chen D, Xu T, Li Y, Xu J, Peng B, Xu W, Wang X. Stress regulation of WFS1 and PERK-p-eIF2α-ATF4 signaling pathway in placental tissue cells of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Placenta 2023; 139:1-11. [PMID: 37269649 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The placental tissue stress of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is activated by ERS under hypoxia condition. PERK signaling pathway is the key pathway for UPR regulation, and is first to activated during ERS. WFS1, as an important regulatory gene of UPR pathway, participates in ERS regulation. The purpose of our study is to explore the expression level and mutual regulation mechanisms of WFS1 and PERK-mediated UPR pathway in ICP placental tissue cell under stress. METHODS Blood and placenta samples were obtained from the ICP patients and ethinylestradiol (EE)-induced intrahepatic cholestasis pregnant rats. IHC and WB were used to detect the expression of WFS1, key factors of PERK pathway (GRP78, PERK, eIF2a, P-eIF2α, ATF4) and placental stress peptides (CRH, UCN). Furthermore, qPCR was carried out to detect mRNA expression of above indicators. RESULTS The expression levels of WFS1 and key factors of PERK pathway were significantly increased in severe ICP placental tissues. Moreover, qPCR and WB showed that relative mRNA and protein expression levels of WFS1 and key factors of PERK pathways in placenta tissues of severe ICP and EE-induced intrahepatic cholestasis pregnant rats were higher than those in control group to varying degrees, while CRH and UCN were descended. Meanwhile, after WFS1-siRNA targeted silencing of the WFS1 gene, the protein expression levels of PERK, P-eIF2α, ATF4 were significantly increased, while CRH and UCN protein were significantly decreased. DISCUSSION Our study revealed that the activation of WFS1 and PERK-p-eIF2α-ATF4 signaling pathway may contribute to stress regulation in placental tissue cells of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, thereby avoiding adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daijuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), No. 20, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (SCU-CUHK), Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), No. 20, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaqian Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), No. 20, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (SCU-CUHK), Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jinfeng Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), No. 20, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bing Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), No. 20, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenming Xu
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (SCU-CUHK), Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), No. 20, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Clinical and Histopathological Study in Pregnancy. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020174. [PMID: 36829453 PMCID: PMC9953179 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
During pregnancy, SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with several adverse outcomes, including an increased risk of pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery, hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes, and fetal growth restriction related to the development of placenta vascular abnormalities. We analyzed human placenta from full-term, uncomplicated pregnancies with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first, second, or third trimesters of gestation. We studied, by the immunohistochemistry technique, the expression of CD34 and podoplanin (PDPN) as markers of vasculogenesis to find any differences. As secondary outcomes, we correlated maternal symptoms with placental histological alterations, including fibrin deposits, lymphocyte infiltration in the villi, edema, and thrombi. Our results showed a PDPN expression around the villous stroma as a plexiform network around the villous nucleus of fetal vessels; significant down-regulation was observed in the villous stroma of women infected during the third trimester. CD34 showed no changes in expression levels. During SARS-CoV-2 infection, the most common maternal symptoms were fever, anosmia, ageusia and asthenia, and the majority were treated with paracetamol, corticosteroids and azithromycin. Patients that required multiple symptomatic treatments evidenced a large amount of fibrin deposition in the villi. Certainly, PDPN plays a key role in healthy placental vasculogenesis and thus in its proper physiology, and SARS-CoV-2 surely alters its normal expression. Further studies are necessary to understand what mechanisms are being altered to try to avoid possible complications for both the mother and fetus in terms of the contagions that will still occur.
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Impaired Compensatory Vasodilatory Effect Mediated by Wolfram Syndrome 1 and Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Family Peptides in 17α-Ethynylestradiol-Induced Intrahepatic Cholestasis Pregnant Rats When Under Additional Acute Hypoxia Stress. MATERNAL-FETAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/fm9.0000000000000137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Berra-Romani R, Faris P, Pellavio G, Orgiu M, Negri S, Forcaia G, Var-Gaz-Guadarrama V, Garcia-Carrasco M, Botta L, Sancini G, Laforenza U, Moccia F. Histamine induces intracellular Ca 2+ oscillations and nitric oxide release in endothelial cells from brain microvascular circulation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:1515-1530. [PMID: 31310018 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The neuromodulator histamine is able to vasorelax in human cerebral, meningeal and temporal arteries via endothelial histamine 1 receptors (H1 Rs) which result in the downstream production of nitric oxide (NO), the most powerful vasodilator transmitter in the brain. Although endothelial Ca 2+ signals drive histamine-induced NO release throughout the peripheral circulation, the mechanism by which histamine evokes NO production in human cerebrovascular endothelial cells is still unknown. Herein, we exploited the human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3, to assess the role of intracellular Ca 2+ signaling in histamine-induced NO release. To achieve this goal, hCMEC/D3 cells were loaded with the Ca 2+ - and NO-sensitive dyes, Fura-2/AM and DAF-FM/AM, respectively. Histamine elicited repetitive oscillations in intracellular Ca 2+ concentration in hCMEC/D3 cells throughout a concentration range spanning from 1 pM up to 300 μM. The oscillatory Ca 2+ response was suppressed by the inhibition of H 1 Rs with pyrilamine, whereas H 1 R was abundantly expressed at the protein level. We further found that histamine-induced intracellular Ca 2+ oscillations were initiated by endogenous Ca 2+ mobilization through inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate- and nicotinic acid dinucleotide phosphate-sensitive channels and maintained over time by store-operated Ca 2+ entry. In addition, histamine evoked robust NO release that was prevented by interfering with the accompanying intracellular Ca 2+ oscillations, thereby confirming that the endothelial NO synthase is recruited by Ca 2+ spikes also in hCMEC/D3 cells. These data provide the first evidence that histamine evokes NO production from human cerebrovascular endothelial cells through intracellular Ca 2+ oscillations, thereby shedding novel light on the mechanisms by which this neuromodulator controls cerebral blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Berra-Romani
- Department of Biomedicine, Biomedicine School, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Pawan Faris
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Research Center, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan-Region of Iraq, Iraq
| | - Giorgia Pellavio
- Human Physiology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Orgiu
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sharon Negri
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Greta Forcaia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Mario Garcia-Carrasco
- Department of Biomedicine, Biomedicine School, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Laura Botta
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulio Sancini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Umberto Laforenza
- Human Physiology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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