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Zarina R, Mezule L. Enzymatic hydrolysis of waste streams originating from wastewater treatment plants. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2024; 17:104. [PMID: 39026332 PMCID: PMC11264863 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-024-02553-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Achieving climate neutrality is a goal that calls for action in all sectors. The requirements for improving waste management and reducing carbon emissions from the energy sector present an opportunity for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to introduce sustainable waste treatment practices. A common biotechnological approach for waste valorization is the production of sugars from lignocellulosic waste biomass via biological hydrolysis. WWTPs produce waste streams such as sewage sludge and screenings which have not yet been fully explored as feedstocks for sugar production yet are promising because of their carbohydrate content and the lack of lignin structures. This study aims to explore the enzymatic hydrolysis of various waste streams originating from WWTPs by using a laboratory-made and a commercial cellulolytic enzyme cocktail for the production of sugars. Additionally, the impact of lipid and protein recovery from sewage sludge prior to the hydrolysis was assessed. RESULTS Treatment with a laboratory-made enzyme cocktail produced by Irpex lacteus (IL) produced 31.2 mg sugar per g dry wastewater screenings. A commercial enzyme formulation released 101 mg sugar per g dry screenings, corresponding to 90% degree of saccharification. There was an increase in sugar levels for all sewage substrates during the hydrolysis with IL enzyme. Lipid and protein recovery from primary and secondary sludge prior to the hydrolysis with IL enzyme was not advantageous in terms of sugar production. CONCLUSIONS The laboratory-made fungal IL enzyme showed its versatility and possible application beyond the typical lignocellulosic biomass. Wastewater screenings are well suited for valorization through sugar production by enzymatic hydrolysis. Saccharification of screenings represents a viable strategy to divert this waste stream from landfill and achieve the waste treatment and renewable energy targets set by the European Union. The investigation of lipid and protein recovery from sewage sludge showed the challenges of integrating resource recovery and saccharification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruta Zarina
- Water Systems and Biotechnology Institute, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Riga Technical University, Kipsalas Iela 6a, Riga, Latvia.
| | - Linda Mezule
- Water Systems and Biotechnology Institute, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Riga Technical University, Kipsalas Iela 6a, Riga, Latvia
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Alarcón E, Hernández C, García G, Ziarelli F, Gutiérrez-Rivera B, Musule R, Vázquez-Marrufo G, Gardner TG. Changes in chemical and structural composition of sugarcane bagasse caused by alkaline pretreatments [Ca(OH)2 and NaOH] modify the amount of endoglucanase and β-glucosidase produced by Aspergillus niger in solid-state fermentation. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2021.1881777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Alarcón
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada (INBIOTECA), Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Christian Hernández
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada (INBIOTECA), Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Gabriela García
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada (INBIOTECA), Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Fabio Ziarelli
- Faculty of Science and Technology of Saint-Jérôme, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Ricardo Musule
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Vázquez-Marrufo
- Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología (CMEB), Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Terrence G. Gardner
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Gama AR, Brito-Cunha CCQ, Campos ITN, de Souza GRL, Carneiro LC, Bataus LAM. Streptomyces thermocerradoensis I3 secretes a novel bifunctional xylanase/endoglucanase under solid-state fermentation. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 36:e2934. [PMID: 31642208 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic wastes can be potentially converted into several bioproducts such as glucose, xylo-oligosaccharides, and bioethanol. Certain processes, such as enzymatic hydrolysis, are generally needed to convert biomass into bioproducts. The present study investigated the production of xylanases and cellulases by Streptomyces thermocerradoensis I3 under solid-state fermentation (SSF), using wheat bran as a low-cost medium. The activities of xylanase and carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) were evaluated until 96 hr of incubation. The highest enzyme activity was observed after 72 hr of incubation. The crude enzyme extract was sequentially filtered, first using a 50 kDa filter, followed by a 30 kDa filter. Fraction 3 (F3) exhibited activities of both xylanase and CMCase. Xylanase and CMCase showed optimum activity at 70°C and pH 6.0 and 55°C and pH 6.0, respectively. The zymogram analysis showed a single activity band with a molecular mass of approximately 17 kDa. These findings provide strong evidence that the enzyme is a bifunctional xylanase/endoglucanase. This enzyme improved the saccharification of sugarcane bagasse by 1.76 times that of commercial cellulase. This enzyme has potential applications in various biotechnological procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Rodrigues Gama
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Ivan T N Campos
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Lilian Carla Carneiro
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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Effects of chemical treatments on the bioethanol yield and composition of Isoberlinia doka waste. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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α-l-Arabinofuranosidase: A Potential Enzyme for the Food Industry. ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT, AND SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-3263-0_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Comparison and Optimization of Saccharification Conditions of Alkaline Pre-Treated Triticale Straw for Acid and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Followed by Ethanol Fermentation. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en11030639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Catalytic Properties of Amylolytic Enzymes Produced by Gongronella butleri Using Agroindustrial Residues on Solid-State Fermentation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7507523. [PMID: 29376074 PMCID: PMC5742443 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7507523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Amylases catalyze the hydrolysis of starch, a vegetable polysaccharide abundant in nature. These enzymes can be utilized in the production of syrups, alcohol, detergent, pharmaceutical products, and animal feed formulations. The aim of this study was to optimize the production of amylases by the filamentous fungus Gongronella butleri by solid-state fermentation and to evaluate the catalytic properties of the obtained enzymatic extract. The highest amylase production, 63.25 U g-1 (or 6.32 U mL-1), was obtained by culturing the fungus in wheat bran with 55% of initial moisture, cultivated for 96 h at 25°C. The enzyme presented optimum activity at pH 5.0 and 55°C. The amylase produced was stable in a wide pH range (3.5-9.5) and maintained its catalytic activity for 1 h at 40°C. Furthermore, the enzymatic extract hydrolyzed starches from different vegetable sources, presenting predominant dextrinizing activity for all substrates evaluated. However, the presence of glucose was observed in a higher concentration during hydrolysis of corn starch, indicating the synergistic action of endo- and exoamylases, which enables the application of this enzymatic extract to produce syrups from different starch sources.
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Akita H, Kimura ZI, Yusoff MZM, Nakashima N, Hoshino T. Identification and characterization of Burkholderia multivorans CCA53. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:249. [PMID: 28683814 PMCID: PMC5501517 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2565-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective A lignin-degrading bacterium, Burkholderia sp. CCA53, was previously isolated from leaf soil. The purpose of this study was to determine phenotypic and biochemical features of Burkholderia sp. CCA53. Results Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis based on fragments of the atpD, gltD, gyrB, lepA, recA and trpB gene sequences was performed to identify Burkholderia sp. CCA53. The MLST analysis revealed that Burkholderia sp. CCA53 was tightly clustered with B. multivorans ATCC BAA-247T. The quinone and cellular fatty acid profiles, carbon source utilization, growth temperature and pH were consistent with the characteristics of B. multivorans species. Burkholderia sp. CCA53 was therefore identified as B. multivorans CCA53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironaga Akita
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan.
| | - Zen-Ichiro Kimura
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kure College, 2-2-11 Aga-minami, Kure, Hiroshima, 737-8506, Japan
| | - Mohd Zulkhairi Mohd Yusoff
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan.,Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nobutaka Nakashima
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 062-8517, Japan.,Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-M6-5 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Hoshino
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan.,Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 062-8517, Japan
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Shukor H, Abdeshahian P, Al-Shorgani NKN, Hamid AA, Rahman NA, Kalil MS. Saccharification of polysaccharide content of palm kernel cake using enzymatic catalysis for production of biobutanol in acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 202:206-213. [PMID: 26710346 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose content of palm kernel cake (PKC) by different types of hydrolytic enzymes was studied to evaluate monomeric sugars released for production of biobutanol by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 (ATCC 13564) in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation. Experimental results revealed that when PKC was hydrolyzed by mixed β-glucosidase, cellulase and mannanase, a total simple sugars of 87.81±4.78 g/L were produced, which resulted in 3.75±0.18 g/L butanol and 6.44±0.43 g/L ABE at 168 h fermentation. In order to increase saccharolytic efficiency of enzymatic treatment, PKC was pretreated by liquid hot water before performing enzymatic hydrolysis. Test results showed that total reducing sugars were enhanced to 97.81±1.29 g/L with elevated production of butanol and ABE up to 4.15±1.18 and 7.12±2.06 g/L, respectively which represented an A:B:E ratio of 7:11:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiza Shukor
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Peyman Abdeshahian
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Skudai, 81310 Johor, Malaysia
| | - Najeeb Kaid Nasser Al-Shorgani
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aidil Abdul Hamid
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norliza A Rahman
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Sahaid Kalil
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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