1
|
Yang Z, Yu S, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Li L, Sun J, Wang X, Guo Y, Zhang Y. The Screening and Mechanism of Influenza-Virus Sensitive MDCK Cell Lines for Influenza Vaccine Production. Diseases 2024; 12:20. [PMID: 38248371 PMCID: PMC10814076 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a potentially fatal acute respiratory viral disease caused by the influenza virus. Influenza viruses vary in antigenicity and spread rapidly, resulting in seasonal epidemics. Vaccination is the most effective strategy for lowering the incidence and fatality rates of influenza-related disorders, and it is also an important method for reducing seasonal influenza infections. Mammalian Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell lines are recommended for influenza virus growth, and such cell lines have been utilized in several commercial influenza vaccine productions. The limit dilution approach was used to screen ATCC-MDCK cell line subcellular strains that are especially sensitive to H1N1, H3N2, BV, and BY influenza viruses to increase virus production, and research on influenza virus culture media was performed to support influenza virus vaccine development. We also used RNA sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes and a GSEA analysis to determine the biological mechanisms underlying the various levels of susceptibility of cells to influenza viruses. MDCK cell subline 2B6 can be cultured to increase titer and the production of the H1N1, H3N2, BV, and BY influenza viruses. MDCK-2B6 has a significantly enriched and activated in ECM receptor interaction, JAK-STAT signaling, and cytokine receptor interaction signaling pathways, which may result in increased cellular susceptibility and cell proliferation activity to influenza viruses, promote viral adsorption and replication, and elevate viral production, ultimately. The study revealed that MDCK-2B6 can increase the influenza virus titer and yield in vaccine production by increasing cell sensitivity and enhancing proliferative activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuntao Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Biological Products Company Limited, Beijing 100176, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (J.S.); (X.W.); (Y.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu J, Lu R, Wang J, Su J, Gu C, Xie Q, Zhu H, Xiao J, Liu W. Establishment of reverse genetics for genotype VII Newcastle disease virus and altering the cell tropism by inserting TMPRSS2 into the viral genome. Virus Genes 2023:10.1007/s11262-023-01999-9. [PMID: 37103648 PMCID: PMC10133899 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-023-01999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is the most important infectious disease in poultry, which is caused by avian orthoavulavirus type 1 (AOAV-1), previously known as Newcastle disease virus (NDV). In this study, an NDV strain SD19 (GenBank accession number OP797800) was isolated, and phylogenetic analysis suggested the virus belongs to the class II genotype VII. After generating wild-type rescued SD19 (rSD19), the attenuating strain (raSD19) was generated by mutating the F protein cleavage site. To explore the potential role of the transmembrane protease, serine S1 member 2 (TMPRSS2), the TMPRSS2 gene was inserted into the region between the P and M genes of raSD19 to generate raSD19-TMPRSS2. Besides, the coding sequence of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene was inserted in the same region as a control (rSD19-EGFP and raSD19-EGFP). The Western blot, indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and real-time quantitative PCR were employed to determine the replication activity of these constructs. The results reveal that all the rescued viruses can replicate in chicken embryo fibroblast (DF-1) cells; however, the proliferation of raSD19 and raSD19-EGFP needs additional trypsin. We next evaluated the virulence of these constructs, and our results reveal that the SD19, rSD19, and rSD19-EGFP are velogenic; the raSD19 and raSD19-EGFP are lentogenic; and the raSD19-TMPRSS2 are mesogenic. Moreover, due to the enzymatic hydrolysis of serine protease, the raSD19-TMPRSS2 can support itself to proliferate in the DF-1 cells without adding exogenous trypsin. These results may provide a new method for the NDV cell culture and contribute to ND's vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Rongguang Lu
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jigui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chenchen Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qianqian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Geriatrics, The Eight Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Weiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ren W, Pei S, Jiang W, Zhao M, Jiang L, Liu H, Yi Y, Hui M, Li J. A replication-deficient H9N2 influenza virus carrying H5 hemagglutinin conferred protection against H9N2 and H5N1 influenza viruses in mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1042916. [PMID: 36458187 PMCID: PMC9705590 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1042916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
H5N1 and H9N2 influenza viruses have been reported to cause human infections and are believed to have pandemic potential. The vaccine is an effective tool to prevent influenza virus infection. However, inactivated influenza vaccines sometimes result in low antigenicity as result leads to generating of incomplete immune protection in the form of low cellular and humoral immunity. While the low temperature adapted, traditional live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is associated with the potential risk to revert to a virulent phenotype, there appears an essential need for an alternative potent methodology to design and develop influenza vaccines with substantial safety and efficacy which may confer solid protection against H9N2 or H5N1 influenza virus infections. In the present study, a replication-deficient recombinant influenza virus, WM01ma-HA(H5), expressing hemagglutinin (HA) of both H9N2 and H5N1 subtypes was developed. The chimeric gene segment expressing HA(H5), was designed using the sequence of an open reading frame (ORF) of HA adopted from A/wild duck/Hunan/021/2005(H5N1)(HN021ma) which was flanked by the NA packaging signals of mouse-adapted strain A/Mink/Shandong/WM01/2014(H9N2)(WM01ma). Due to the absence of ORF of structural protein NA, the replication of this engineered H9N2 influenza viruses WM01ma-HA(H5) was hampered in vitro and in vivo but was well competent in MDCK cells stably expressing the NA protein of WM01ma. Intranasal vaccination of mice with WM01ma-HA(H5) stimulated robust immune response without any clinical signs and conferred complete protection from infection by H5N1 or H9N2 subtype influenza viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Ren
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuli Pei
- Henan Vocational College of Agriculture, Zhongmu, China
| | - Wenming Jiang
- Laboratory of Surveillance for Avian Diseases, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Meixia Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Le Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Honggang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongxiang Yi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- The Clinical Infectious Disease Center of Nanjing, Nanjing, China
| | - Mizhou Hui
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Junwei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- The Clinical Infectious Disease Center of Nanjing, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang X, Qiao X, Sui L, Zhao H, Li F, Tang YD, Shi W, Guo Y, Jiang Y, Wang L, Zhou H, Tang L, Xu Y, Li Y. Establishment of stable Vero cell lines expressing TMPRSS2 and MSPL: A useful tool for propagating porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in the absence of exogenous trypsin. Virulence 2021; 11:669-685. [PMID: 32471322 PMCID: PMC7550007 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1770491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is the causative agent of porcine epidemic diarrhea, causing substantial economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. However, the development of PEDV vaccine is hampered by its low propagation titer in vitro, due to difficulty in adapting to the cells and complex culture conditions, even in the presence of trypsin. Furthermore, the frequent variation, recombination, and evolution of PEDV resulted in reemergence and vaccination failure. In this study, we established the Vero/TMPRSS2 and Vero/MSPL cell lines, constitutively expressing type II transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 and MSPL, in order to increase the stability and titer of PEDV culture and isolation in vitro. Our study revealed that the Vero/TMPRSS2, especially Vero/MSPL cell lines, can effectively facilitate the titer and multicycle replication of cell-adapted PEDV in the absence of exogenous trypsin, by cleaving and activating PEDV S protein. Furthermore, our results also highlighted that Vero/TMPRSS2 and Vero/MSPL cells can significantly enhance the isolation of PEDV from the clinical tissue samples as well as promote viral infection and replication by cell-cell fusion. The successful construction of the Vero/TMPRSS2 and Vero/MSPL cell lines provides a useful approach for the isolation and propagation of PEDV, simplification of virus culture, and large-scale production of industrial vaccine, and the cell lines are also an important system to research PEDV S protein cleaved by host protease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Xinyuan Qiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, P.R. China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development , Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Ling Sui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Haiyuan Zhao
- Department of Swine Breeding, Jiangsu Hanswine Food Co., Ltd , Ma'anshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Fengsai Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Dong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Harbin, China
| | - Wen Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yuyao Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Han Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Lijie Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, P.R. China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development , Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yigang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, P.R. China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development , Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yijing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, P.R. China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development , Harbin, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chungu K, Park YH, Woo SJ, Lee SB, Rengaraj D, Lee HJ, Han JY. Establishment of a genetically engineered chicken DF-1 cell line for efficient amplification of influenza viruses in the absence of trypsin. BMC Biotechnol 2021; 21:2. [PMID: 33413322 PMCID: PMC7792337 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-020-00663-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The initial step of influenza infection is binding of the virus to specific sialic acid receptors expressed by host cells. This is followed by cell entry via endocytosis. Cleavage of the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) protein is critical for infection; this is performed by host cell proteases during viral replication. In cell culture systems, HA is cleaved by trypsin added to the culture medium. The vast majority of established cell lines are mammalian. RESULTS In the present study, we generated genetically engineered chicken DF-1 cell lines overexpressing transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2, which cleaves HA), ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 1 (ST3GAL1, which plays a role in synthesis of α-2,3 linked sialic acids to which avian-adapted viruses bind preferentially), or both. We found that overexpression of TMPRSS2 supports the virus life cycle by cleaving HA. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of ST3GAL1 increased the viral titer. Finally, we showed that overexpression of both TMPRSS2 and ST3GAL1 increased the final viral titer due to enhanced support of viral replication and prolonged viability of the cells. In addition, overexpression of these genes of interest had no effect on cell proliferation and viability. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the results indicate that these engineered cells could be used as a cell-based system to propagate influenza virus efficiently in the absence of trypsin. Further studies on influenza virus interactions with chicken cell host factors could be studied without the effect of trypsin on cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Chungu
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Seung Je Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Su Bin Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Hong Jo Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dolskiy AA, Grishchenko IV, Yudkin DV. Cell Cultures for Virology: Usability, Advantages, and Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217978. [PMID: 33121109 PMCID: PMC7662242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus detection in natural and clinical samples is a complicated problem in research and diagnostics. There are different approaches for virus isolation and identification, including PCR, CRISPR/Cas technology, NGS, immunoassays, and cell-based assays. Following the development of genetic engineering methods, approaches that utilize cell cultures have become useful and informative. Molecular biology methods allow increases in the sensitivity and specificity of cell cultures for certain viruses and can be used to generate reporter cell lines. These cell lines express specific reporter proteins (e.g., GFP, luciferase, and CAT) in response to virus infection that can be detected in a laboratory setting. The development of genome editing and synthetic biology methods has given rise to new perspectives regarding the design of virus reporter systems in cell cultures. This review is aimed at describing both virology methods in general and examples of the development of cell-based methods that exist today.
Collapse
|
7
|
Feng L, Tang Y, Wu P, Chu X, Wang W, Hou J. H9 subtype influenza vaccine in MDCK single-cell suspension culture with stable expression of TMPRSS2: Generation and efficacy evaluation. Eng Life Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Feng
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals; Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses; Yangzhou China
| | - Yinghua Tang
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals; Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses; Yangzhou China
| | - Peipei Wu
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals; Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses; Yangzhou China
| | - Xuan Chu
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals; Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Nanjing China
| | - Weifeng Wang
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals; Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Nanjing China
| | - Jibo Hou
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals; Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses; Yangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Luczo JM, Stambas J, Durr PA, Michalski WP, Bingham J. Molecular pathogenesis of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza: the role of the haemagglutinin cleavage site motif. Rev Med Virol 2015; 25:406-30. [PMID: 26467906 PMCID: PMC5057330 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza has caused a heavy socio‐economic burden through culling of poultry to minimise human and livestock infection. Although human infections with H5N1 have to date been limited, concerns for the pandemic potential of this zoonotic virus have been greatly intensified following experimental evidence of aerosol transmission of H5N1 viruses in a mammalian infection model. In this review, we discuss the dominance of the haemagglutinin cleavage site motif as a pathogenicity determinant, the host‐pathogen molecular interactions driving cleavage activation, reverse genetics manipulations and identification of residues key to haemagglutinin cleavage site functionality and the mechanisms of cell and tissue damage during H5N1 infection. We specifically focus on the disease in chickens, as it is in this species that high pathogenicity frequently evolves and from which transmission to the human population occurs. With >75% of emerging infectious diseases being of zoonotic origin, it is necessary to understand pathogenesis in the primary host to explain spillover events into the human population. © 2015 The Authors. Reviews in Medical Virology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina M Luczo
- Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Stambas
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter A Durr
- Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wojtek P Michalski
- Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Bingham
- Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|