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Martins GR, Bronzel Junior JL, Granero FO, Figueiredo CCM, Silva LP, Silva RMGDA. Phytoconstituents, antioxidant and antiglycation activity of Chrysophyllum cainito L., Hancornia speciosa Gomes and Plinia glomerata Berg. fruits. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20201853. [PMID: 37556705 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320201853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study verified the presence of phytoconstituents and evaluated antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP, NO and TBARS tests) and antiglycation (REM test) activities of unconventional wild edible fruits Chrysophyllum cainito, Hancornia speciosa and Plinia glomerata. It was verified the presence of phenolic compounds for all fruits and flavonoids were observed only for C. cainito, which presented in its peel the highest total phenols (90.34 μg GAE mg-1) and flavonoids (30.4 μg RE mg-1) content. Sugar concentration was significant for all fruits, where H. speciosa showed the highest reducing sugar content (576.12 mg g-1) and C. cainito pulp showed the highest total sugar content (858.67 mg g-1). All fruits presented vitamin C and carotenoids, highlighting P. glomerata with the best results for ascorbic acid (2260.94 mg 100 g-1) and carotenoids (59.62 µg g-1). Extracts presented antioxidant activity, highlighting C. cainito peel that presented 65.64% (DPPH), 231.34 µM TE L-1 (FRAP), 49.34% (NO) and 22.56% (TBARS), while in antiglycation evaluation, P. glomerata showed evident activity. Therefore, it was possible to determine different phytoconstituents, and antioxidant and antiglycation activities of the fruits. These data provide subsidies for application of these fruits in new studies, to increase knowledge and preservation of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo R Martins
- Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Instituto de Química, Rua Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, Jardim Quitandinha, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Fundação Educacional do Município de Assis/FEMA, Av. Getúlio Vargas, 1200, Vila Nova Santana, 19807-130 Assis, SP, Brazil
| | - João Luiz Bronzel Junior
- Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Instituto de Química, Rua Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, Jardim Quitandinha, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Filipe O Granero
- Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Instituto de Química, Rua Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, Jardim Quitandinha, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Célia Cristina M Figueiredo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Instituto de Química, Rua Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, Jardim Quitandinha, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana P Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Instituto de Química, Rua Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, Jardim Quitandinha, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Regildo Márcio G DA Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Instituto de Química, Rua Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, Jardim Quitandinha, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais e Produtos Naturais, Av. Dom Antônio, 2100, Parque Universitário, 19806-900 Assis, SP, Brazil
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Arangia A, Ragno A, Cordaro M, D’Amico R, Siracusa R, Fusco R, Marino Merlo F, Smeriglio A, Impellizzeri D, Cuzzocrea S, Mandalari G, Di Paola R. Antioxidant Activity of a Sicilian Almond Skin Extract Using In Vitro and In Vivo Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12115. [PMID: 37569490 PMCID: PMC10418603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Almond skins are known for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, which are mainly due to the presence of polyphenols. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of almond skin extract (ASE) obtained from the Sicilian cultivar "Fascionello" and to evaluate the possible mechanisms of action using an in vitro model of human monocytic U937 cells as well as an in vivo model of carrageenan (CAR)-induced paw edema. The in vitro studies demonstrated that pretreatment with ASE inhibited the formation of ROS and apoptosis. The in vivo studies showed that ASE restored the CAR-induced tissue changes; restored the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione; and decreased neutrophil infiltration, lipid peroxidation, and the release of proinflammatory mediators. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of ASE could be associated with the inhibition of the pro-inflammatory nuclear NF-κB and the activation of the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant pathways. In conclusion, almond skin could reduce the levels of inflammation and oxidative stress and could be beneficial in the treatment of several disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Arangia
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.)
| | - Agnese Ragno
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.)
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.)
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.)
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.)
| | - Francesca Marino Merlo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.)
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.)
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.)
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Giuseppina Mandalari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.)
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
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Ajaib M, Ishtiaq S, Ishtiaq M, Maqbool M, Bhatti KH, Khan A, Afreen A, Hussain T, Sardar T, Gul A, Azeem M. Analysis of antidiabetic, antiulcer and analgesic potential of traditional ethnomedicinal plant Emex spinosa (L.) Campd. from Azad Jammu and Kashmir. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274706. [PMID: 36227949 PMCID: PMC9560475 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research antidiabetic, analgesic and antiulcer potential of traditional ethnomedicinal plant: Emex spinosa (L.) Campd. (Family Polygonaceae) was evaluated by extracting its phytoconstituents using methanol (MeOH) solvent through maceration protocol. The quantitative phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed flavonoids were highest in leaf extract (15.63±0.93 mg/mL) and with (11.5±0.57 mg/mL) in stem. Alkaloids and tanins were also present in the samples in various conc. while saponins were absent. To confirm pharmaceutical potential of plant against ulcer, diabetes and analgesic infirmities, a model experimental animal wistar albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used. In antiulcer study, using hot plate method the maximum results were observed with 250 mg/kg in the 2.5 hours of study. The leaf extract showed a 40.41±2.73 latency time and the fruit with a 36.77±2.41, and the stem with a 27.85±3.09, which was comparable to the standard drug Aspirin, i.e., 47.5±0.57. For analysis of antiulcer potential of the plants parts doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg was applied to check the reclamation of ethanol-induced acute ulcer and of Aspirin-induced chronic ulcer of stomach. In order to confirm efficacy of the drug potential of plant following parameters like microscopic evaluation, gastric volume, total acidity, mucosa weight, ulcer index, pH and histopathology of stomach were analyzed. In antidiabetic analysis, in an acute study after a single dose of 500 mg/kg extract after 2hrs the blood glucose levels were 367±51.09958NS, 416±59.79548NS, 437.5±61.96437NS mg/dL for leaf, stem and fruit, respectively. After4hrs 351.75±88.27644NS mg/dl, 448.25±25.64948NS mg/dl, 445.25±27.07205NS mg/dl and after 6hrs 354.5±92.70428NS, 442±24.60691NS, a440±33.16625NS mg/dl, respectively. The analgesic activity was explored by applying hot plate, tail flick and formalin paw licking method. In hot plate method the maximum results were observed with 250mg/kg in the 2.5 hours of study. The leaf extract showed a 40.41±2.73 latency time and the fruit with a 36.77±2.41 and the stem with a 27.85±3.09, which was comparable to the standard drug Aspirin, i.e., 47.5±0.57. The respective plant extracts at 250mg/kg showed a gradual rise in latency time when compared to the control. It was concluded that all three components of E. spinosa perform proved to be significant as potential source of herbal medicines to cure different prevalently occurring diseases. Furthermore, it was confirmed through results analysis that plant t can be used to discover novel drug using dedicated high throughput techniques and ethnopharmacological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ajaib
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Ishtiaq
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishtiaq
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan,* E-mail:
| | - Mehwish Maqbool
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | | | - Afsheen Khan
- Department of Botany, Dr. Moinuddin Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Dendrochronology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Gulshan e Iqbal, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Afeera Afreen
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Hussain
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Tauqeer Sardar
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Alia Gul
- Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Azeem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain
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Fahmy HM, Mohamed ER, Hussein AA, Khadrawy YA, Ahmed NA. Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with Gallic acid on reserpine-induced depression in Wistar rats. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:40. [PMID: 35705968 PMCID: PMC9199140 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00579-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current study evaluates the free gallic acid (GA) and GA-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) antidepressant efficacy in a rat model of depression caused by reserpine. Methods By using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential, MSNs and GA-loaded MSNs were characterized. The efficiency of encapsulation and the release of GA-loaded MSNs were also investigated. The effect of GA, either in its free form or loaded on (MSNs) on oxidative stress biomarkers and monoamine neurotransmitters levels (serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NEP), and dopamine (DA)), were evaluated in these areas (cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and hypothalamus) of control, a depression model of rat, a depression model of rat treated with either free GA, MSNs or GA loaded MSNs. The forced swimming test (FST) also the open field test (OFT) were carried out to evaluate the behavioral changes in all groups. Results Reserpine caused a decrease in the time spent in motor and swimming activity besides increasing the time of immobility, as demonstrated by OFT and FST. Significantly reductions in 5-HT, NEP, and DA were obtained in the cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and striatum of reserpine-treated rats. Free GA was more effective in increasing the serotonin level in the cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus, while GA-loaded MSNs were more effective in increasing it in the striatum. GA-loaded MSNs also increased the level of NEP in the four studied brain areas. Free GA increased dopamine levels in the cortex and striatum, whereas GA-loaded MSNs increased DA levels in the hippocampus and hypothalamus compared with the depressed untreated group. Conclusions MSNs can be used as a drug delivery system to target GA selectively to specific brain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Fahmy
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Eman R Mohamed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aida A Hussein
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Yasser A Khadrawy
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nawal A Ahmed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Plinia trunciflora Extract Administration Prevents HI-Induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Response, Behavioral Impairments, and Tissue Damage in Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020395. [PMID: 35057576 PMCID: PMC8779767 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The disruption of redox homeostasis and neuroinflammation are key mechanisms in the pathogenesis of brain hypoxia–ischemia (HI); medicinal plants have been studied as a therapeutic strategy, generally associated with the prevention of oxidative stress and inflammatory response. This study evaluates the neuroprotective role of the Plinia trunciflora fruit extract (PTE) in neonatal rats submitted to experimental HI. The HI insult provoked a marked increase in the lipoperoxidation levels and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, accompanied by a decrease in the brain concentration of glutathione (GSH). Interestingly, PTE was able to prevent most of the HI-induced pro-oxidant effects. It was also observed that HI increased the levels of interleukin-1β in the hippocampus, and that PTE-treatment prevented this effect. Furthermore, PTE was able to prevent neuronal loss and astrocyte reactivity induced by HI, as demonstrated by NeuN and GFAP staining, respectively. PTE also attenuated the anxiety-like behavior and prevented the spatial memory impairment caused by HI. Finally, PTE prevented neural tissue loss in the brain hemisphere, the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and the striatum ipsilateral to the HI. Taken together our results provide good evidence that the PTE extract has the potential to be investigated as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of brain insult caused by neonatal hypoxia–ischemia.
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Calloni C, Martínez LS, Gil DF, da Silva DM, Jahn MP, Salvador M. Jabuticaba [ Plinia trunciflora (O. Berg) Kausel] Protects Liver of Diabetic Rats Against Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress Through the Modulation of SIRT3 Expression. Front Physiol 2021; 12:665747. [PMID: 34295258 PMCID: PMC8290295 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.665747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Complications generated by hyperglycemia present in diabetes mellitus (DM) have been constantly related to oxidative stress and dysfunction in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), which is present in mitochondria, is responsible for regulating several proteins involved in metabolic homeostasis and oxidative stress. Studies have suggested alterations in the expression of SIRT3 in DM. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of phenolic compounds in jabuticaba (Plinia trunciflora), a berry native to Brazil, on the activity of mitochondrial ETC complexes, SIRT3 protein expression, and oxidative stress parameters in liver of diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. After type 1 DM induction (streptozotocin 65 mg/kg), diabetic and healthy rats were treated with jabuticaba peel extract (JPE) by gavage (0.5 g/kg of weight) for 30 days. After treatments, those diabetic rats presented impaired activities of complexes I, II, and III of ETC along with an overexpression of SIRT3. In addition, an increase in lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities was observed in the diabetic group. The treatment with JPE was able to recover the activity of the mitochondrial complexes and reduce the expression of SIRT3. Furthermore, JPE treatment reduced oxidative damage to lipids and brought the antioxidants enzyme activities to basal levels in diabetic rats. Together, these results demonstrate that JPE can reduce oxidative stress related to DM by restoring mitochondrial complexes activity and regulating SIRT3 expression. Thus, JPE could become an alternative to reduce the development of complications related to DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Calloni
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luana Soares Martínez
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniela Franciele Gil
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Douglas Machado da Silva
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matheus Parmegiani Jahn
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mirian Salvador
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Brazil
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Inada KOP, Leite IB, Martins ABN, Fialho E, Tomás-Barberán FA, Perrone D, Monteiro M. Jaboticaba berry: A comprehensive review on its polyphenol composition, health effects, metabolism, and the development of food products. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110518. [PMID: 34399496 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Jaboticaba, a popular Brazilian berry, has been studied due to its relevant polyphenol composition, health benefits and potential use for the development of derived food products. Considering that around 200 articles have been published in recent years, this review aims to provide comprehensive and updated information, as well as a critical discussion on: (i) jaboticaba polyphenolic composition and extraction methods for their accurate determination; (ii) jaboticaba polyphenol's metabolism; (iii) biological effects of the fruit and the relationship with its polyphenols and their metabolites; (iv) challenges in the development of jaboticaba derived products. The determination of jaboticaba polyphenols should employ hydrolysis procedures during extraction, followed by liquid chromatographic analysis. Jaboticaba polyphenols, mainly anthocyanins and ellagitannins, are extensively metabolized, and their metabolites are probably the most important contributors to the relevant health effects associated with the fruit, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective and hypolipidemic. Most of the technological processing of jaboticaba fruit and its residues is related to their application as a colorant, antioxidant, antimicrobial and source of polyphenols. The scientific literature still lacks studies on the metabolism and bioactivity of polyphenols from jaboticaba in humans, as well as the effect of technological processes on these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Ohanna Pimenta Inada
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bloco J, 2° andar, sala 16, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional e de Alimentos, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CT, Bloco A, sala 528A, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, R. São Francisco Xavier, 524, Pavilhão João Lyra Filho, 12° andar, Bloco D, sala 12.002, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Iris Batista Leite
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bloco J, 2° andar, sala 16, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Neves Martins
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional e de Alimentos, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CT, Bloco A, sala 528A, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliane Fialho
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bloco J, 2° andar, sala 16, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Francisco A Tomás-Barberán
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Daniel Perrone
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional e de Alimentos, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CT, Bloco A, sala 528A, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Monteiro
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bloco J, 2° andar, sala 16, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Cordaro M, Fusco R, D’Amico R, Siracusa R, Peritore AF, Gugliandolo E, Genovese T, Crupi R, Mandalari G, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R, Impellizzeri D. Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Nuts Modulate the Nrf2 and NLRP3 Pathways in Pancreas and Lung after Induction of Acute Pancreatitis by Cerulein. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E992. [PMID: 33066525 PMCID: PMC7602264 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most common co-morbidities, that often leads to death, associated with acute pancreatitis (AP) is represented by acute lung injury (ALI). While many aspects of AP-induced lung inflammation have been investigated, the involvement of specific pathways, such as those centered on nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) and pyrin domain containing receptor 3 (NLRP3), has not been fully elucidated. METHODS To investigate the effect of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) nuts on pancreatic and lung injury induced by cerulein injection, cerulein (50 μg/kg) was administered to CD1 mice for 10 h. Oral treatment with cashew nuts at a dose of 100 mg/kg was given 30 min and 2 h after the first cerulein injection. One hour after the final cerulein injection, mice were euthanized and blood, lung and pancreatic tissue samples were collected. RESULTS Cashew nuts were able to (1) reduce histological damage; (2) mitigate the induction of mast cell degranulation as well as the activity of myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde; (3) decrease the activity levels of amylase and lipase as well as the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines; and (4) enhance the activation of the Nrf2 pathway and suppress the activation of the NLRP3 pathway in response to cerulein in both pancreas and lung. CONCLUSIONS Cashew nuts could have a beneficial effect not only on pancreatitis but also on lung injury induced by cerulein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.F.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.F.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.F.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.F.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.F.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Tiziana Genovese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.F.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giuseppina Mandalari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.F.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.F.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.F.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.F.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
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9
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Cordaro M, Siracusa R, Fusco R, D’Amico R, Peritore AF, Gugliandolo E, Genovese T, Scuto M, Crupi R, Mandalari G, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R, Impellizzeri D. Cashew ( Anacardium occidentale L.) Nuts Counteract Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in an Acute Experimental Model of Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080660. [PMID: 32722199 PMCID: PMC7465066 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Anacardium occidentale L. is a medicinal plant with powerful anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Acute inflammatory events cause tissue alterations, decrease of anti-oxidative endogenous enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione, neutrophils infiltration, increase in the activities of myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, and pro-inflammatory release. Methods: Paw edema was induced by subplantar injection of carrageenan into the right hind paw in rats, but 30 min before a group of animals were orally treated with 100 mg/kg of cashew nuts to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative response. Results: In the present work, we found that (1) cashew nuts reduced the development of carrageenan-induced paw edema limiting the formation of edema and pain; (2) cashew nuts ameliorated the diminutions of the anti-oxidative enzymes caused by carrageenan injection; (3) cashew nuts decreased myeloperoxidase malondialdehyde activity induced by carrageenan; and (4) cashew nuts acted by blocking pro-inflammatory cytokines response and nitrate/nitrite formation stimulated by carrageenan injection. Conclusions: The mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects exerted by cashew nuts were relevant to oxygen free radical scavenging, anti-lipid peroxidation, and inhibition of the formation of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.S.); (R.F.); (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.S.); (R.F.); (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.S.); (R.F.); (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.S.); (R.F.); (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.S.); (R.F.); (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Tiziana Genovese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.S.); (R.F.); (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Maria Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giuseppina Mandalari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.S.); (R.F.); (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.S.); (R.F.); (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (R.D.P.); Tel.: +39-090-6765-208 (S.C. & R.D.P.)
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.S.); (R.F.); (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (R.D.P.); Tel.: +39-090-6765-208 (S.C. & R.D.P.)
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.S.); (R.F.); (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (E.G.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (D.I.)
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Shan X, Chen J, Dai S, Wang J, Huang Z, Lv Z, Wang Q, Wu Q. Cyanidin-related antidepressant-like efficacy requires PI3K/AKT/FoxG1/FGF-2 pathway modulated enhancement of neuronal differentiation and dendritic maturation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 76:153269. [PMID: 32593103 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanidin (CY) is one of the most abundant anthocyanidins found in red-purple diet sources such as grapes, blueberries and purple corns. CY has been proven to exhibit a wide range of biological functions including antioxidant, antiviral, anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. PURPOSE This study investigated the anti-depressive activity of CY and its related mechanism. METHODS In the behavioral tests, CY-related effects on depressive symptoms were evaluated. Then the changes in PI3K/AKT/FOXG1/FGF-2 signaling and adult neurogenesis including doublecortin (DCX+) cell number, dendritic length, secondary and third dendrites number in the hippocampus were investigated by Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses. PI3K antagonist LY 294,002 was used to verify the unique impact of PI3K/AKT/FoxG1/FGF-2 signaling on CY-related antidepressant efficacy. RESULTS CY grossly reversed CUMS-induced behavioral defects, The DCX+ cell number and protein levels increased in CUMS mice receiving CY administration. LY 294,002 successfully blocked CY-induced improvements in depressive behaviors, neurogenesis, and protein levels in CUMS mice. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrated that CY was efficacious in alleviating depression-like symptoms, which was dependent on PI3K/AKT/FoxG1/FGF-2 signaling-modulated neurogenesis enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Shilin Dai
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Zhiheng Huang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Zhiyang Lv
- Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Qinan Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
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11
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Makni S, Tounsi S, Rezgui F, Trigui M, Bouassida KZ. Emex spinosa (L.) Campd. ethyl acetate fractions effects on inflammation and oxidative stress markers in carrageenan induced paw oedema in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 234:216-224. [PMID: 30552992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Emex spinosa (L.) Campd. (E. spinosa) locally known as "hillaioua" has always been used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation and pain. It is still being exploited by pharmaceutical companies for its potential remedial effects. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, the effects of E. spinosa (L.) Campd. against acute inflammation, pain and oxidative damage were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total phenols and flavonoids were evaluated. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities the E. spinosa ethyl acetate fractions of the aerial (Es EtOAc-AP) and underground (Es EtOAc-R) parts were assessed on carrageenan-induced paw oedema (100 mg/kg BW) and acetic acid-induced writhing response (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg BW), respectively. The E. spinosa fractions effects on oxidative stress markers and inflammatory parameters were determined. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed to identify various chemical components. RESULTS The ethyl acetate fractions were shown to be the most active thanks to their phenolic and flavonoid contents richness. Intraperitoneal administration of E. spinosa ethyl acetate fractions at 100 mg/kg BW, one hour before carrageenan injection, significantly inhibited the oedema formation by 89.31% and 97.7% for the aerial and underground parts respectively when compared to the reference drug "dexamethasone" (51.9%). Besides, a significant increase (p ≤ 0.001) of the dermal antioxidant enzymes (the superoxide dismutase (SOD)), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was observed five hours after carrageenan administration. The best restoration was obtained with Es EtOAc-R (82.04%, 93.55% and 93.55% respectively for SOD, CAT and GPx activities). Moreover, EtOAc-fractions treated mice proved their ability to restore both of CRP and fibrinogen (p < 0.001). In addition, E. spinosa EtOAc-fractions attenuated abdominal contractions (p < 0.05) by 71.69% and 82.41% for the aerial part and roots respectively at 150 mg/kg BW against 100% for dichlofenac sodium used as standard drug. The phytochemical analysis of Es EtOAc-AP and Es EtOAc-R by GC-MS may explain the obtained results. The analysis of the fractions demonstrated the presence of palmitic and linoleic acids known for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic capacities. CONCLUSIONS These findings explain the traditional use of E. spinosa in folk medicine and suggest that E. spinosa fractions could be a promising herbal drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Makni
- Biopesticides Laboratory (LPIP), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Slim Tounsi
- Biopesticides Laboratory (LPIP), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Fatma Rezgui
- Analysis Department of the Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Trigui
- Biopesticides Laboratory (LPIP), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Karama Zouari Bouassida
- Biopesticides Laboratory (LPIP), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
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12
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Franscescon F, Mazon SC, Bertoncello KT, Boligon AA, Sachett A, Rambo CL, Rosemberg DB, Magro JD, Siebel AM. Protective role of jaboticaba Plinia peruviana peel extract in copper-induced cytotoxicity in Allium cepa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:35322-35329. [PMID: 30341761 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3420-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Jaboticaba Plinia peruviana (Poir.) Govaerts is a Brazilian berry that presents high levels of polyphenols, which may play a key role in preventing cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of harmful agents. Although copper is an essential micronutrient that plays an important role in organisms, high copper concentrations may trigger toxicity to animals and plants. Here, we investigated whether Plinia peruviana hydroalcoholic extract prevents copper-induced cytotoxicity in Allium cepa root cells. Five different anthocyanins and phenolic compounds were identified in Plinia peruviana extract. Importantly, the exposure to 1.53 mg/L copper for 24 h impaired mitotic index, as well as increased mitosis disturbances and triggered DNA damage. Pre-incubation with Plinia peruviana extract (0.25 g/L and 0.75 g/L) for 3 h prevented copper-induced changes in the mitotic index and reduced the number of abnormal cells. In conclusion, we suggest that Plinia peruviana peel extract has protective effects against cellular and genetic disturbances induced by copper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francini Franscescon
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Ecotoxicology, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Samara C Mazon
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Ecotoxicology, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Kanandra T Bertoncello
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Ecotoxicology, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline A Boligon
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Adrieli Sachett
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Ecotoxicology, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Cassiano L Rambo
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Ecotoxicology, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Psychopharmacology, Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Biosciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Denis B Rosemberg
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Ecotoxicology, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jacir Dal Magro
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Ecotoxicology, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Anna M Siebel
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Ecotoxicology, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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13
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Zouari Bouassida K, Makni S, Tounsi A, Jlaiel L, Trigui M, Tounsi S. Effects of Juniperus phoenicea Hydroalcoholic Extract on Inflammatory Mediators and Oxidative Stress Markers in Carrageenan-Induced Paw Oedema in Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3785487. [PMID: 30112384 PMCID: PMC6077615 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3785487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Juniperus phoenicea (J. phoenicea) is a wild tree belonging to the Cupressaceae family, commonly used for the treatment of several disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effects of J. phoenicea hydroethanolic extract (EtOH-H2OE) against oxidation, acute inflammation, and pain in mice models. For the purpose, chemical compounds of J. phoenicea EtOH-H2OE were also analyzed by GC-MS. The J. phoenicea EtOH-H2OE showed a potent antioxidant activity in vitro, thanks to its richness in phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Mice treated with EtOH-H2OE (100 mg/kg BW) showed reduced paw oedema formation and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The evaluation of antioxidant enzyme activities in paw oedema tissue after five hours of carrageenan induction showed a significant increase (P < 0.05). Inflammatory biomarkers explorations of J. phoenicea EtOH-H2OE-treated mice showed a restoration of the studied parameters to near-normal values. Furthermore, EtOH-H2OE of J. phoenicea produced a significant reduction of the number of abdominal writhes (P < 0.05) in a dose-dependent way. Phytochemical analysis of the J. phoenicea EtOH-H2OE by GC-MS showed the presence of hexadecanoic and stearic acids known as anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds. Our investigation provided evidence that J. phoenicea EtOH-H2OE can effectively reduce the inflammation and pain in mice models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karama Zouari Bouassida
- Biopesticides Laboratory (LPIP), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Samar Makni
- Biopesticides Laboratory (LPIP), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Amina Tounsi
- Biopesticides Laboratory (LPIP), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lobna Jlaiel
- Analysis Department, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Trigui
- Biopesticides Laboratory (LPIP), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Slim Tounsi
- Biopesticides Laboratory (LPIP), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
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14
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Park HJ, Shim HS, Lee S, Hahm DH, Lee H, Oh CT, Han HJ, Ji HJ, Shim I. Anti-stress effects of human placenta extract: possible involvement of the oxidative stress system in rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:149. [PMID: 29739458 PMCID: PMC5941529 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2193-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human placenta hydrolysate (hPH) has been utilized to improve menopausal, fatigue, liver function. Its high concentration of bioactive substances is known to produce including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities. However, its mechanisms of stress-induced depression remain unknown. METHODS The present study examined the effect of hPH on stress-induced depressive behaviors and biochemical parameters in rats. hPH (0.02 ml, 0.2 ml or 1 ml/rat) was injected intravenously 30 min before the daily stress session in male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to repeated immobilization stress (4 h/day for 7 days). The depressive-like behaviors of all groups were measured by elevated plus maze (EPM) and forced swimming test (FST). After the behavior tests, brain samples of all groups were collected for the analysis of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) staining. RESULTS Treatment with hPH produced a significant decrease of immobility time in the FST compared to the controls. Additionally, hPH treatment elicited a slightly decreasing trend in anxiety behavior on the EPM. Furthermore, hPH increased the level of GPx protein in the hippocampus, and decreased the expression of NADPH-d in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that hPH has anti-stress effects via the regulation of nitric oxide (NO) synthase and antioxidant activity in the brain. These results suggest that hPH may be useful in the treatment of stress-related diseases such as chronic fatigue syndrome.
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Antioxidant, Hepatoprotective, and Antidepression Effects of Rumex tingitanus Extracts and Identification of a Novel Bioactive Compound. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7295848. [PMID: 29744362 PMCID: PMC5878904 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7295848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, Rumex species have been recognized as a promising source of new compounds with numerous pharmacological activities. Therefore, the antioxidant activity of Rumex tingitanus (R. tingitanus) leaves extracts was evaluated in vitro and then confirmed in vivo as well as the antidepressant-like and toxicological effects of the extracts. The ethyl acetate fraction (Rt EtOAcF) followed by hydroalcoholic extract (Rt EtOH-H2O) showed a remarkable in vitro antioxidant activity. The hydroalcoholic extract (Rt EtOH-H2O) showed significant hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride- (CCl4-) induced liver toxicity which is seen from inhibition of the malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and enhancement of the liver antioxidant enzymes activities. The Rt EtOH-H2O and Rt EtOAcF extracts were able to reduce the immobility time in mice and then elicited a significant antidepressant-like effect. The ethyl acetate fraction (Rt EtOAcF) was purified and resulted in the identification of a new antioxidant component called 4'-p-acetylcoumaroyl luteolin. The Rt EtOAcF and the 4'-p-acetylcoumaroyl luteolin revealed a strong antioxidant activity using DPPH test with IC50 of 11.7 ± 0.2 and 20.74 ± 0.6 μg/ml, respectively, and AAI of 3.39 and 1.92 better than that of BHT, used as control.
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Eguiluz M, Yuyama PM, Guzman F, Rodrigues NF, Margis R. Complete sequence and comparative analysis of the chloroplast genome of Plinia trunciflora. Genet Mol Biol 2017; 40:871-876. [PMID: 29111566 PMCID: PMC5738614 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Plinia trunciflora is a Brazilian native fruit tree from the
Myrtaceae family, also known as jaboticaba. This species has great potential by
its fruit production. Due to the high content of essential oils in their leaves
and of anthocyanins in the fruits, there is also an increasing interest by the
pharmaceutical industry. Nevertheless, there are few studies focusing on its
molecular biology and genetic characterization. We herein report the complete
chloroplast (cp) genome of P. trunciflora using high-throughput
sequencing and compare it to other previously sequenced Myrtaceae genomes. The
cp genome of P. trunciflora is 159,512 bp in size, comprising
inverted repeats of 26,414 bp and single-copy regions of 88,097 bp (LSC) and
18,587 bp (SSC). The genome contains 111 single-copy genes (77 protein-coding,
30 tRNA and four rRNA genes). Phylogenetic analysis using 57 cp protein-coding
genes demonstrated that P. trunciflora, Eugenia uniflora and
Acca sellowiana form a cluster with closer relationship to
Syzygium cumini than with Eucalyptus. The
complete cp sequence reported here can be used in evolutionary and population
genetics studies, contributing to resolve the complex taxonomy of this species
and fill the gap in genetic characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eguiluz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Priscila Mary Yuyama
- Departamento de Biofísica, Centro de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Genomas e Populações de Plantas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Frank Guzman
- Departamento de Biofísica, Centro de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Genomas e Populações de Plantas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nureyev Ferreira Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Margis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Biofísica, Centro de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Genomas e Populações de Plantas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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