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das Neves MDS, Scandorieiro S, Pereira GN, Ribeiro JM, Seabra AB, Dias AP, Yamashita F, Martinez CBDR, Kobayashi RKT, Nakazato G. Antibacterial Activity of Biodegradable Films Incorporated with Biologically-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles and the Evaluation of Their Migration to Chicken Meat. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010178. [PMID: 36671379 PMCID: PMC9854460 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The food industry has been exploring the association of polymers with nanoparticles in packaging production, and active products are essential to increase the shelf life of food and avoid contamination. Our study developed starch-poly (adipate co-terephthalate butyl) films with silver nanoparticles produced with Fusarium oxysporum components (bio-AgNPs), intending to control foodborne pathogens. The bio-AgNPs showed activity against different Salmonella serotypes, including multidrug-resistant Salmonella Saint Paul and Salmonella Enteritidis, with minimum bactericidal concentrations ranging from 4.24 to 16.98 µg/mL. Biodegradable films with bio-AgNPs inhibited the growth of up to 106Salmonella isolates. Silver migration from the films to chicken was analyzed using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and the results showed migration values (12.94 mg/kg and 3.79 mg/kg) above the limits allowed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (0.05 mg/kg). Thus, it is necessary to improve the technique to avoid the migration of silver to chicken meat, since these concentrations can be harmful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiriele da S. das Neves
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Sara Scandorieiro
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Giovana N. Pereira
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Jhonatan M. Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Amedea B. Seabra
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana P. Dias
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Fabio Yamashita
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Claudia B. dos R. Martinez
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Department of Physiological Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Renata K. T. Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-43-3371-4788
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Escherichia coli Isolated from Vegans, Vegetarians and Omnivores: Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Factors, Pathogenicity Islands and Phylogenetic Classification. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres13040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli have acquired virulence factors, which confer an increased ability to cause a broad spectrum of enteric diseases and extraintestinal infections. The aim of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial resistance profile of and the presence of virulence-associated genes (VAGs) in E. coli fecal isolates from omnivores, vegetarians and vegans. A control group of 60 isolates from omnivores, as well as a study group with 41 isolates from vegetarians and 17 from vegans, were analyzed. Isolates from both groups showed a high rate of resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and nalidixic acid, and some of them were positive for the ESBL test (12% of isolates from vegetarians/vegans and 5% of isolates from omnivores). The most predominant VAGs detected in isolates from omnivores were fimH (70%), iutA (32%), fyuA (32%) and traT (32%), while among isolates from vegetarians or vegans, the most predominant were traT (62%), kpsMT k1 (28%) and iutA (22%). Most isolates from omnivores (55%) were positive for PAI I536, while most of those from vegetarians/vegans (59%) were positive for PAI IV536. Phylogenetic group A, composed of commensal non-pathogenic isolates that survive in the intestinal tract, was the most prevalent in both control and study groups. Some VAGs were found in only one of the groups, such as the pathogenicity island PAI III536, found in 12% of the isolates from omnivores, while the kpsMT III gene (15%) was detected only among isolates from vegetarians/vegans. Interestingly, this gene codes for a polysaccharide capsule found mainly in E. coli isolates causing intestinal infections, including EPEC, ETEC and EHEC. Finally, our results show that there were no advantages in vegetarian or vegan diets compared to the omnivorous diet, as in both groups we detected isolates harboring VAGs and displaying resistance to antibiotics, especially those most commonly used to treat urinary tract infections.
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Escherichia coli Isolated from Organic Laying Hens Reveal a High Level of Antimicrobial Resistance despite No Antimicrobial Treatments. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040467. [PMID: 35453218 PMCID: PMC9027956 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the resistance characteristics of E. coli isolates originating from 18 organic laying hen flocks. E. coli was isolated from different organs at three different time points, resulting in 209 E. coli isolates. The antibiotic susceptibility was determined by applying a microdilution assay. General, a high resistance rate was found. The antibiotic susceptibility was independent from the presence of pathological lesions, the isolation site, or the affiliation to a pathogenic serogroup. The majority of the isolates proved to be multi-drug-resistant (95.70%), of which 36.84% could be categorized as extensively drug-resistant. All isolates were resistant to oxacillin and tylosin. Resistance rates to amoxicillin (67.94%), cefoxitin (55.98%), ceftazidime (82.30%), colistin (73.68%), nalidixic acid (91.87%), streptomycin (42.58%), tetracycline (53.59%), and sulfamethoxazole (95.22%) were high. None of the isolates revealed pan-drug-resistance. A great heterogeneity of resistance profiles was found between isolates within a flock or from different organs of the same bird, even when isolates originated from the same organ. An increase in antimicrobial resistance was found to be correlated with the age of the birds. The fact, that no antibiotic treatment was applied except in two flocks, indicates that resistant bacteria circulating in the environment pose a threat to organic systems.
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Hussain HI, Iqbal Z, Iqbal M, Kuang X, Wang Y, Yang L, Ihsan A, Aqib AI, Kaleem QM, Gu Y, Hao H. Coexistence of virulence and β-lactamase genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli. Microb Pathog 2022; 163:105389. [PMID: 34998933 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Emergence of multidrug resistance in E. coli and advent of newer strains is becoming serious concern which requires keen observations. This study was designed to find the ciprofloxacin resistant E. coli isolates co-existed with multi-drug resistance along with β-lactamase production from poultry source, and finally the genome sequencing of these strains to explore genetic variations. Study constituted on isolation of n = 225 E. coli from broiler farms of central China which were further subjected to identification of resistance against ciprofloxacin followed by antibiogram of n = 26 antibiotics and identification of β-lactamase production. Whole genome resequencing was performed using Illumina HiSeq 4000 system. PCR results revealed predominant β-lactamase genes i.e.CTX-M, CTX-M-1, CTX-M3, TEM-1 and OXA. Furthermore, the MDR isolates were containing most of the tested virulence genes. The most prevalent virulence genes were pap-C, fim-C, fim-H, iuc-D, irp-2, tra-T, iro-N and iut-A. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci mentioned in this data give valuable genetic markers to growing high-throughput techniques for fine-determination of genotyping of MDR and virulent isolates. Characterization of SNPs on functional basis shed new bits of knowledge on the evolution, disease transmission and pathogenesis of MDR E. coli isolates. In conclusion, these findings provide evidence that most of poultry E. coli are MDR, β-lactamase producers, and virulent which could be a zoonotic threat to the humans. The whole genome resequencing data provide higher resolution of resistance and virulence characteristics in E. coli which can further be used for the development of prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Iftikhar Hussain
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues /MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Department of Pathology, Cholistan University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Zahid Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mujahid Iqbal
- Department of Pathology, Cholistan University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Xiuhua Kuang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues /MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Medicinal Engineering Department, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450011, China
| | - Yulian Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues /MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lingquan Yang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues /MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Awais Ihsan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Islam Aqib
- Department of Medicine, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | | | - Yufeng Gu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues /MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Haihong Hao
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues /MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Prasoodanan P K V, Sharma AK, Mahajan S, Dhakan DB, Maji A, Scaria J, Sharma VK. Western and non-western gut microbiomes reveal new roles of Prevotella in carbohydrate metabolism and mouth-gut axis. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2021; 7:77. [PMID: 34620880 PMCID: PMC8497558 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-021-00248-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The abundance and diversity of host-associated Prevotella species have a profound impact on human health. To investigate the composition, diversity, and functional roles of Prevotella in the human gut, a population-wide analysis was carried out on 586 healthy samples from western and non-western populations including the largest Indian cohort comprising of 200 samples, and 189 Inflammatory Bowel Disease samples from western populations. A higher abundance and diversity of Prevotella copri species enriched in complex plant polysaccharides metabolizing enzymes, particularly pullulanase containing polysaccharide-utilization-loci (PUL), were found in Indian and non-western populations. A higher diversity of oral inflammations-associated Prevotella species and an enrichment of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes in the gut microbiome of western populations speculates an existence of a mouth-gut axis. The study revealed the landscape of Prevotella composition in the human gut microbiome and its impact on health in western and non-western populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Prasoodanan P K
- MetaBioSys Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Ashok K Sharma
- MetaBioSys Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
- Department of Animal Science, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Shruti Mahajan
- MetaBioSys Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Darshan B Dhakan
- MetaBioSys Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
- Behaviour and Metabolism Laboratory, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, 1400-038, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Abhijit Maji
- MetaBioSys Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
- Animal Disease Research & Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Joy Scaria
- Animal Disease Research & Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Vineet K Sharma
- MetaBioSys Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India.
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Loayza-Villa F, Torres A, Zhang L, Trueba G. Removal of antimicrobial prophylaxis and its effect on swine carriage of antimicrobial-resistant coliforms. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211050279. [PMID: 34872396 PMCID: PMC10466387 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211050279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of antimicrobials in the food animal industry has caused an increased prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes, which can be transferred to the microbiota of humans through the food chain or the environment. To reduce the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance, restrictions on antimicrobial use in food animals have been implemented in different countries. We investigated the impact of an antimicrobial restriction intervention during two generations of pigs. Fecal samples were collected in five growth phases. The frequency of antimicrobial-resistant coliforms and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria or antimicrobial resistance genes was analyzed. No differences in the richness or abundance of antimicrobial-resistant coliforms or antimicrobial resistance genes were found when animals fed with or without prophylactic antimicrobials were compared. Withholding antimicrobial supplementation did not negatively affect weight gain in pigs. Withdrawal of prophylactic antimicrobial consumption during two generations of pigs was not enough to reduce the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes, as measured by richness and abundance markers. This study indicates that the fitness costs associated with bacterial carriage of some antimicrobial resistance genes are low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Loayza-Villa
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Alejandro Torres
- Escuela de Veterinaria, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA
| | - Gabriel Trueba
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
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Soares BD, de Brito KCT, Grassotti TT, Filho HCK, de Camargo TCL, Carvalho D, Dorneles IC, Otutumi LK, Cavalli LS, de Brito BG. Respiratory microbiota of healthy broilers can act as reservoirs for multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2021; 79:101700. [PMID: 34507109 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluate the presence and to study characteristics of Escherichia coli in the respiratory system microbiota of healthy broilers. Trachea, air sacs, and lungs of 20 broilers were analyzed at 21 days of age, reared in experimental conditions, without receiving antimicrobials. E. coli strains were isolated and identified using conventional bacteriology through morphological and biochemical characterization. The production of bacteriocin-like substances, the presence of virulence-associated genes (VAGs) of APEC (Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli) predictors, and the antimicrobial susceptibility were evaluated. E. coli was found in 85 % of the animals (17/20), in the trachea, air sacs or lungs; and it was not found in 15 % of the animals (3/20). A total of 34 isolates were recovered, 13 from the air sacs, 13 from the lungs, and 8 from the trachea, which showed no production of bacteriocin-like substances nor virulence genes associated with APEC. Most isolates, 59 % (20/34), showed resistance to at least one of the tested antimicrobials, and six multiresistant strains were identified. The results demonstrated that strains of E. coli were commensal of the respiratory microbiota, and that they did not present pathogenicity to the host, since there were no clinical signs of disease, macroscopic lesions in the organs of the evaluated broilers, production of bacteriocin-like substances, nor virulence-associated genes considered as predictors of APEC in bacteria. These strains of E. coli were mostly susceptible to antimicrobials. However, the occurrence of multidrug-resistant strains suggests that these animals can act as reservoirs of resistant to antimicrobials E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Dugaich Soares
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health of the Institute for Veterinary Research Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Laboratory of Avian Health and Technological Innovation, Department of Agricultural Diagnosis and Research, Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul, Estrada Municipal do Conde, 6000. Sans Souci, Eldorado do Sul, RS, 92990-000, Brazil
| | - Kelly Cristina Tagliari de Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health of the Institute for Veterinary Research Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Laboratory of Avian Health and Technological Innovation, Department of Agricultural Diagnosis and Research, Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul, Estrada Municipal do Conde, 6000. Sans Souci, Eldorado do Sul, RS, 92990-000, Brazil.
| | - Tiela Trapp Grassotti
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health of the Institute for Veterinary Research Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Laboratory of Avian Health and Technological Innovation, Department of Agricultural Diagnosis and Research, Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul, Estrada Municipal do Conde, 6000. Sans Souci, Eldorado do Sul, RS, 92990-000, Brazil
| | - Hiran Castagnino Kunert Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health of the Institute for Veterinary Research Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Laboratory of Avian Health and Technological Innovation, Department of Agricultural Diagnosis and Research, Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul, Estrada Municipal do Conde, 6000. Sans Souci, Eldorado do Sul, RS, 92990-000, Brazil
| | - Taiara Carolaine Leal de Camargo
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health of the Institute for Veterinary Research Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Laboratory of Avian Health and Technological Innovation, Department of Agricultural Diagnosis and Research, Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul, Estrada Municipal do Conde, 6000. Sans Souci, Eldorado do Sul, RS, 92990-000, Brazil
| | - Daiane Carvalho
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health of the Institute for Veterinary Research Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Laboratory of Avian Health and Technological Innovation, Department of Agricultural Diagnosis and Research, Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul, Estrada Municipal do Conde, 6000. Sans Souci, Eldorado do Sul, RS, 92990-000, Brazil
| | - Izabela Camilotti Dorneles
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, UniversidadeParanaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Luciana Kazue Otutumi
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, UniversidadeParanaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Lissandra Souto Cavalli
- Department of Agricultural Diagnosis and Research, Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Gonçalves Dias, 570, Menino Deus, Porto Alegre, RS, 90.130-060, Brazil
| | - Benito Guimarães de Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health of the Institute for Veterinary Research Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Laboratory of Avian Health and Technological Innovation, Department of Agricultural Diagnosis and Research, Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul, Estrada Municipal do Conde, 6000. Sans Souci, Eldorado do Sul, RS, 92990-000, Brazil
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Genetic Features of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Poultry in Mayabeque Province, Cuba. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10020107. [PMID: 33499392 PMCID: PMC7910960 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10020107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 434 poultry cloacal samples were collected from seven different farms in different years (2013–2015) in the Cuban province of Mayabeque and analyzed for the presence of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli (3GC-R-Ec). Sixty-two 3GC-R-Ec isolates were recovered in total from the farms, with detection rates of 2.9% in 2013, 10.3% in 2014, and 28.7% in 2015. Characterization of 32 3GC-R-Ec isolates revealed the presence of the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes blaCTX-M-1 (n = 27), blaCTX-M-15 (n = 4), and blaCTX-M-1 together with blaLAP-2 (n = 1). The isolates also contained different proportions of genes conferring decreased susceptibility to sulfonamides (sul1, sul2, sul3), trimethoprim (dfrA1, dfrA7, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA17), tetracyclines (tet(A), tet(B)), aminoglycosides (aac(6′)-Ib-cr, strA, strB), chloramphenicol (cmlA1, floR), macrolides (mph(A), mph(D)), and quinolones (qnrS, qnrB, aac(6′)-Ib-cr) as well as mutations in the fluoroquinolone-resistance determining regions of GyrA (S83L, D87N, D87Y) and ParC (S80I, E84G). The isolates belonged to 23 different sequence types and to phylogroups A (n = 25), B1 (n = 5), and D (n = 2), and they contained plasmid-associated incompatibility groups FII, X1, HI1, HI2, N, FIA, and FIB. These findings reveal a genetically diverse population of multiresistant ESBL-producing E. coli in poultry farms in Cuba, which suggests multiple sources of contamination and the acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes.
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Talavera-González JM, Talavera-Rojas M, Soriano-Vargas E, Vázquez-Navarrete J, Salgado-Miranda C. In vitro transduction of antimicrobial resistance genes into Escherichia coli isolates from backyard poultry in Mexico. Can J Microbiol 2021; 67:415-425. [PMID: 33395360 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2020-0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The transmission of multidrug-resistant pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes is an emerging problem involving multiple factors (humans, domestic animals, wildlife). The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Escherichia coli isolates with different antimicrobial resistance genes from backyard poultry and to demonstrate the in vitro transduction phenomenon of these genes between phages from migratory wild birds and poultry E. coli isolates. We collected 197 E. coli isolates from chickens, turkeys, and ducks in backyard production units (northern region of the State of Mexico). Isolates were resistant to ampicillin (80.7%), tetracycline (64.4%), carbenicillin (56.3%), and nalidixic acid and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (both, 26.9%). Moreover, the genes blaTEM (56.3%), tetB (20.8%), tetA (19.2%), sulI (7.6%), sulII (10.1%), qnrA (9.6%), and qnrB (5.5%) were found. In vitro transduction using phages from migratory wild birds sampled in the wetland Chimaliapan (State of Mexico) was successfully achieved. It was possible to transduce qnrA, tetB, blaTEM, and sulII genes to E. coli isolates from poultry. This is the first report that describes the transduction of antimicrobial resistance genes from phages of migratory wild birds to poultry and suggests the possible transmission in backyard production units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Martín Talavera-González
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco, Km 15.5, Toluca, Estado de México 50200, México
| | - Martín Talavera-Rojas
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco, Km 15.5, Toluca, Estado de México 50200, México
| | - Edgardo Soriano-Vargas
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco, Km 15.5, Toluca, Estado de México 50200, México
| | - Jesús Vázquez-Navarrete
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carretera México-Toluca Km. 15.5, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Celene Salgado-Miranda
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco, Km 15.5, Toluca, Estado de México 50200, México
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Dias TS, Nascimento RJ, Machado LS, Abreu DLC, do Nascimento ER, Pereira VLA, de Aquino MHC. Comparison of antimicrobial resistance in thermophilic Campylobacter strains isolated from conventional production and backyard poultry flocks. Br Poult Sci 2020; 62:188-192. [PMID: 33026245 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1833302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to compare the resistance pattern of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. isolated from conventional production (n = 34) and backyard poultry flocks (n = 36) from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The disc diffusion method and statistical tests were used for investigation and analysis of the resistance pattern of Campylobacter spp. isolated from different rearing systems.2. Antimicrobial resistance percentages to amoxycillin with clavulanic acid (AMC), ampicillin (AMP), ceftiofur (CTF), ciprofloxacin (CIP), enrofloxacin (ENO), erythromycin (ERI), gentamicin (GEN) and tetracycline (TET) were 32.4%, 44.1%, 67.6%, 97.1%, 82.4%, 26.5%, 5.9% and 38.2% in conventional production flocks respectively, while the backyard flock's resistance levels were 0.0%, 13.9%, 69.4%, 100.0%, 91.7%, 5.6%, 0.0% and 16.7%, respectively.3. Campylobacter spp. from conventional poultry production was more resistant to AMC, AMO, ERI and TET (P > 0.05) when compared to strains from backyard poultry. A higher frequency of resistance to fluoroquinolones (FLQ), CIP and ENO, was observed in strains from both systems, demonstrating the spread of resistant strains among poultry production environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Dias
- Post-graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine (Veterinary Hygiene and Processing Technology of Animal Products), Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil
| | - R J Nascimento
- Post-graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine (Veterinary Hygiene and Processing Technology of Animal Products), Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil
| | - L S Machado
- Post-graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine (Veterinary Hygiene and Processing Technology of Animal Products), Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil
| | - D L C Abreu
- Post-graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine (Veterinary Hygiene and Processing Technology of Animal Products), Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil.,Public Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil
| | - E R do Nascimento
- Post-graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine (Veterinary Hygiene and Processing Technology of Animal Products), Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil.,Public Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil
| | - V L A Pereira
- Post-graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine (Veterinary Hygiene and Processing Technology of Animal Products), Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil.,Public Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil
| | - M H C de Aquino
- Post-graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine (Veterinary Hygiene and Processing Technology of Animal Products), Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil.,Public Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil
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11
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F. Rabello R, R. Bonelli R, A. Penna B, P. Albuquerque J, M. Souza R, M. F. Cerqueira A. Antimicrobial Resistance in Farm Animals in Brazil: An Update Overview. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E552. [PMID: 32224900 PMCID: PMC7222418 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In animal husbandry, antimicrobial agents have been administered as supplements to increase production over the last 60 years. Large-scale animal production has increased the importance of antibiotic management because it may favor the evolution of antimicrobial resistance and select resistant strains. Brazil is a significant producer and exporter of animal-derived food. Although Brazil is still preparing a national surveillance plan, several changes in legislation and timely programs have been implemented. Thus, Brazilian data on antimicrobial resistance in bacteria associated with animals come from official programs and the scientific community. This review aims to update and discuss the available Brazilian data on this topic, emphasizing legal aspects, incidence, and genetics of the resistance reported by studies published since 2009, focusing on farm animals and derived foods with the most global public health impact. Studies are related to poultry, cattle, and pigs, and mainly concentrate on non-typhoid Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. We also describe legal aspects of antimicrobial use in this context; and the current occurrence of genetic elements associated with resistance to beta-lactams, colistin, and fluoroquinolones, among other antimicrobial agents. Data here presented may be useful to provide a better understanding of the Brazilian status on antimicrobial resistance related to farm animals and animal-derived food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata F. Rabello
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-130, Brazil (B.A.P.); (J.P.A.)
| | - Raquel R. Bonelli
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Bruno A. Penna
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-130, Brazil (B.A.P.); (J.P.A.)
| | - Julia P. Albuquerque
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-130, Brazil (B.A.P.); (J.P.A.)
| | - Rossiane M. Souza
- Centro Estadual de Pesquisa em Sanidade Animal, Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Niterói 24120-191, Brazil
| | - Aloysio M. F. Cerqueira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-130, Brazil (B.A.P.); (J.P.A.)
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12
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Rabello RF, Bonelli RR, Penna BA, Albuquerque JP, Souza RM, Cerqueira AMF. Antimicrobial Resistance in Farm Animals in Brazil: An Update Overview. Animals (Basel) 2020. [PMID: 32224900 DOI: 10.3390/ani1004055210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In animal husbandry, antimicrobial agents have been administered as supplements to increase production over the last 60 years. Large-scale animal production has increased the importance of antibiotic management because it may favor the evolution of antimicrobial resistance and select resistant strains. Brazil is a significant producer and exporter of animal-derived food. Although Brazil is still preparing a national surveillance plan, several changes in legislation and timely programs have been implemented. Thus, Brazilian data on antimicrobial resistance in bacteria associated with animals come from official programs and the scientific community. This review aims to update and discuss the available Brazilian data on this topic, emphasizing legal aspects, incidence, and genetics of the resistance reported by studies published since 2009, focusing on farm animals and derived foods with the most global public health impact. Studies are related to poultry, cattle, and pigs, and mainly concentrate on non-typhoid Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. We also describe legal aspects of antimicrobial use in this context; and the current occurrence of genetic elements associated with resistance to beta-lactams, colistin, and fluoroquinolones, among other antimicrobial agents. Data here presented may be useful to provide a better understanding of the Brazilian status on antimicrobial resistance related to farm animals and animal-derived food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata F Rabello
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-130, Brazil
| | - Raquel R Bonelli
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Bruno A Penna
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-130, Brazil
| | - Julia P Albuquerque
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-130, Brazil
| | - Rossiane M Souza
- Centro Estadual de Pesquisa em Sanidade Animal, Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Niterói 24120-191, Brazil
| | - Aloysio M F Cerqueira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-130, Brazil
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13
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The dynamic of antibiotic resistance in commensal Escherichia coli throughout the growing period in broiler chickens: fast-growing vs. slow-growing breeds. Poult Sci 2020; 99:1591-1597. [PMID: 32111325 PMCID: PMC7587802 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an important threat to public health worldwide. Furthermore, different studies have demonstrated a close association between antibiotic use in animal production and AMR in humans. It is well known that it is necessary to reduce antibiotic administration in farms by finding effective alternative treatments, using more resistant breeds and improving animal welfare. However, to be able to assess the alternatives proposed, it is essential to study the epidemiology of AMR under production conditions. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the AMR dynamic in 2 genetic poultry breeds during the growing period. The study was performed in 2 experimental poultry houses to simulate real production conditions, and no antibiotics were administered during the growing period. In addition, 2 poultry breeds were used, fast-growing and slow-growing. To evaluate AMR evolution, Escherichia coli was selected as indicator bacterium. To this end, animals from each experimental group were sampled at different times: on day of arrival, at mid-period, and at slaughter day. In the laboratory, cecal content was removed and inoculated in selective media. Then, biochemical tests were performed to confirm E. coli. Finally, antibiotic susceptibility was assessed according to Decision 2013/653. At the onset of the cycle, significant differences were observed between breeds, as the E. coli strains isolated from fast-growing 1-day-old-chicks showed higher AMR rates. However, at the end of the period, no significant differences were found between breeds and their presence of resistant bacteria (above 95%). Therefore, although no antibiotics were administered during the growing period, a high level of AMR at slaughter day was demonstrated. Further studies are necessary to determine the main risk factors that increase the level of AMR throughout the productive cycle in broiler chickens. In conclusion, it is important to highlight that although it is crucial to control both antibiotic use and animal welfare during the growing period, measures should be taken at all levels of the production chain.
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14
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Botelho LAB, Kraychete GB, Rocha PB, da-Silva APDS, Picão RC, Moreira BM, Bonelli RR. CTX-M- and pAmpC-Encoding Genes Are Associated with Similar Mobile Genetic Elements in Escherichia coli Isolated from Different Brands of Brazilian Chicken Meat. Microb Drug Resist 2019; 26:14-20. [PMID: 31524558 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we characterized the genetic environment of blaCTX-M and blaCMY-2 genes carried by 46 Escherichia coli isolates obtained from 20 chicken carcasses produced by five different brands in Brazil, including exporters and antibiotic-free-certified producers, purchased between 2010 and 2014. Similar plasmids characterized according to size and incompatibility group (Inc) were identified in E. coli belonging to different MLST-ST collected, regardless of carcass brand or production system. Hybridization assays with transconjugant strains revealed that blaCMY-2 gene (n = 19) was located on 85 kb plasmids of IncB/O, IncI1, IncFIB, or nontypeable groups. blaCTX-M-8 (n = 9) was located on 90 kb IncI1 plasmids. blaCTX-M-2 (n = 14) was inserted in class 1 integrons and conjugated only by one isolate in a 125 kb IncP plasmid. blaCTX-M-15 (n = 1), rarely described in isolates from food-producing animals in South America, was characterized by whole genome sequencing of transconjugant; the gene was carried in a 49.3 kb IncX1 plasmid. Sequencing of bla gene-flanking regions indicated the association of these genes with previously described insertion sequences. These results suggest that conserved genetic environments are related to ESBL and pAmpC genes in the Brazilian chicken production chain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Patrícia Batista Rocha
- Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | - Renata Cristina Picão
- Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Beatriz Meurer Moreira
- Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Raquel Regina Bonelli
- Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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15
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Sanches MS, Baptista AAS, de Souza M, Menck-Costa MF, Koga VL, Kobayashi RKT, Rocha SPD. Genotypic and phenotypic profiles of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of Proteus mirabilis isolated from chicken carcasses: potential zoonotic risk. Braz J Microbiol 2019; 50:685-694. [PMID: 31049879 PMCID: PMC6863274 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-019-00086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis is an opportunistic pathogen often associated with a variety of human infections acquired both in the community and in hospitals. In this context, the present work aimed to evaluate the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of the virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance determinants of 32 P. mirabilis strains isolated from chicken carcasses in a poultry slaughterhouse in the north of the state of Paraná, Brazil, in order to assess a potential zoonotic risk. The isolates presented a variety of virulence genes that contribute to the development of infection in humans. The mrpA, pmfA, atfA (fimbriae), ireA (siderophores receptor), zapA, ptA (Proteases), and hpmA (hemolysin) genes were found in 32 (100%) isolates and ucaA (fimbriae) in 16 (50%). All isolates showed aggregative adherence in HEp-2 cells and formed biofilms. Of all strains, 27 (84.38%) showed cytotoxic effects in Vero cells. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using 20 antimicrobials, in which 25 (78.13%) strains were considered multidrug-resistant. The presence of blaESBL and blaampC genes conferring resistance to β-lactams and qnr to quinolones were also detected in the isolates after presumption in the phenotypic test, in which 7 (21.88%) isolates contained the CTX-M-2 group, 11 (34.38%) contained CIT group and 19 (59.38%) contained qnrD. Therefore, chicken carcasses contaminated with P. mirabilis may pose a health risk to the consumer, as these isolates have a variety of virulence and antimicrobial resistance characteristics that can be found in P. mirabilis strains isolated from human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Silva Sanches
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Ana Angelita Sampaio Baptista
- Laboratory of Avian Medicine, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Marielen de Souza
- Laboratory of Avian Medicine, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Maísa Fabiana Menck-Costa
- Laboratory of Avian Medicine, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Lumi Koga
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Sergio Paulo Dejato Rocha
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Science, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PO-BOX 6001, Londrina, Paraná, 86051-980, Brazil.
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16
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Cyoia PS, Koga VL, Nishio EK, Houle S, Dozois CM, de Brito KCT, de Brito BG, Nakazato G, Kobayashi RKT. Distribution of ExPEC Virulence Factors, bla CTX-M, fosA3, and mcr-1 in Escherichia coli Isolated From Commercialized Chicken Carcasses. Front Microbiol 2019; 9:3254. [PMID: 30692971 PMCID: PMC6339928 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic Escherichia coli found in humans and poultry carcasses harbor similar virulence and resistance genes. The present study aimed to analyze the distribution of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) virulence factors (VF), blaCTX−M groups, fosA3, and mcr-1 genes in E. coli isolated from commercialized chicken carcasses in southern Brazil and to evaluate their pathogenic risk. A total of 409 E. coli strains were isolated and characterized for genes encoding virulence factors described in ExPEC. Results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing confirmed that the strains were resistant to β-lactams, fosfomycin, colistin, and others resistance groups. The highest prevalence of VFs was observed in isolates belonging to the CTX-M groups, especially the CTX-M-2 group, when compared to those in other susceptible strains or strains with different mechanisms of resistance. Furthermore, ESBL strains were found to be 1.40 times more likely to contain three to five ExPEC virulence genes than non-ESBL strains. Our findings revealed the successful conjugation between ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from chicken carcass and the E. coli recipient strain J53, which suggested that genetic determinants encoding CTX-M enzymes may have originated from animals and could be transmitted to humans via food chain. In summary, chicken meat is a potential reservoir of MDR E. coli strains harboring resistance and virulence genes that could pose serious risks to human public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Signolfi Cyoia
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Sciences Biological, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Lumi Koga
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Sciences Biological, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Erick Kenji Nishio
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Sciences Biological, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Sébastien Houle
- Institut Armand-Frappier, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Charles M Dozois
- Institut Armand-Frappier, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Kelly Cristina Tagliari de Brito
- Avian Health Laboratory & Technical Innovation, Institute of Veterinary Research Desiderio Finamor (IPVDF), Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Benito Guimarães de Brito
- Avian Health Laboratory & Technical Innovation, Institute of Veterinary Research Desiderio Finamor (IPVDF), Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Sciences Biological, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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17
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Wang M, Chen SY, Zhang JX, He XX, Xiong WG, Sun YX. Variations of antibiotic resistance profiles in chickens during administration of amoxicillin, chlortetracycline and florfenicol. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:1692-1701. [PMID: 30091825 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the effect of antibiotics administered in feed on the resistance phenotypes and genotypes of Escherichia coli in the chicken intestine. METHOD AND RESULTS Chickens were administered amoxicillin, chlortetracycline and florfenicol in feed and 203 intestinal E. coli were examined for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents and for the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) using PCR. DNA was extracted from chicken stool samples in 15, 20, 30 and 40 day old chickens. We found that while antibiotic resistance rates increased with time, the relative gene abundance of tet(W), tet(A), cmlA, cfr and sul1 decreased. In contrast, the relative abundance of gene blaTEM and mcr-1 increased over the experimental period. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that sul1 was correlated with tet(W) (R = 0·630, P < 0·01) and cmlA was correlated with cfr (R = 0·587, P < 0·01). Interestingly, mcr-1 correlated with tet(W) (R = -0·546, P < 0·05). CONCLUSIONS Administration of different antibiotic reduced the relative abundance of ARG in chickens but did not halt the expansion of antibiotic resistance. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Changing the pattern of antibiotic types used to prevent antibiotic resistance in chickens is not a viable method to prevent the spread of ARG.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wang
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bactria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - S-Y Chen
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bactria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J-X Zhang
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bactria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X-X He
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bactria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - W-G Xiong
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bactria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y-X Sun
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bactria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Hussain A, Shaik S, Ranjan A, Nandanwar N, Tiwari SK, Majid M, Baddam R, Qureshi IA, Semmler T, Wieler LH, Islam MA, Chakravortty D, Ahmed N. Risk of Transmission of Antimicrobial Resistant Escherichia coli from Commercial Broiler and Free-Range Retail Chicken in India. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2120. [PMID: 29180984 PMCID: PMC5694193 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli infections are a growing public health concern. This study analyzed the possibility of contamination of commercial poultry meat (broiler and free-range) with pathogenic and or multi-resistant E. coli in retail chain poultry meat markets in India. We analyzed 168 E. coli isolates from broiler and free-range retail poultry (meat/ceca) sampled over a wide geographical area, for their antimicrobial sensitivity, phylogenetic groupings, virulence determinants, extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) genotypes, fingerprinting by Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC) PCR and genetic relatedness to human pathogenic E. coli using whole genome sequencing (WGS). The prevalence rates of ESBL producing E. coli among broiler chicken were: meat 46%; ceca 40%. Whereas, those for free range chicken were: meat 15%; ceca 30%. E. coli from broiler and free-range chicken exhibited varied prevalence rates for multi-drug resistance (meat 68%; ceca 64% and meat 8%; ceca 26%, respectively) and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) contamination (5 and 0%, respectively). WGS analysis confirmed two globally emergent human pathogenic lineages of E. coli, namely the ST131 (H30-Rx subclone) and ST117 among our poultry E. coli isolates. These results suggest that commercial poultry meat is not only an indirect public health risk by being a possible carrier of non-pathogenic multi-drug resistant (MDR)-E. coli, but could as well be the carrier of human E. coli pathotypes. Further, the free-range chicken appears to carry low risk of contamination with antimicrobial resistant and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Overall, these observations reinforce the understanding that poultry meat in the retail chain could possibly be contaminated by MDR and/or pathogenic E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Hussain
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sabiha Shaik
- Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Amit Ranjan
- Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Nishant Nandanwar
- Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sumeet K Tiwari
- Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohammad Majid
- Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ramani Baddam
- Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.,International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Insaf A Qureshi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Mohammad A Islam
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Dipshikha Chakravortty
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Niyaz Ahmed
- Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.,International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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19
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Abstract
For several billion years, bacteria have developed mechanisms to resist antibacterial substances. In modern time, antibiotics are frequently used in veterinary and human medicine for prevention and treatment of diseases, globally still also for their growth promoting effects as feed additives. This complex situation has evolved in accelerating development and prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria in livestock and people. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria are resistant to a wide range of ß-lactam antibiotics. They are currently considered as one of the main threats for the treatment of infections in humans and animals. In livestock and animal products, poultry and poultry products show the highest prevalence of ESBL-producers with CTX-M-1, TEM-52 and SHV-12 being the most common ESBL-types in poultry. Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. are the bacteria in poultry, which carry ESBL-genes most frequently. ESBL-producing bacteria are present at every level of the poultry production pyramid and can be detected even in the meconium of newly hatched chicks. The environment close to poultry barns shows high prevalence rates of these bacteria and contributes to an ongoing infection pressure with further ESBL-types. Probiotics have been shown to successfully reduce ESBL-producers in chicken, as well as ESBL-gene transfer. Other feed additives, such as zinc and copper, increase the prevalence of ESBL-producing bacteria when fed to animals. To our best knowledge, this is the first publication presenting a comparative overview of the prevalence of ESBL-types using data from different countries. To reduce the hazard for public health from poultry carrying high numbers of ESBL-producers, preventive measurements must include the surrounding environment and avoidance of antibiotic usage at all levels of the production pyramid. The first results, of the research on the impact of feed additives on the spread of ESBL-genes, indicate the diet as a further, possible magnitude of influence.
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Castellanos LR, Donado-Godoy P, León M, Clavijo V, Arevalo A, Bernal JF, Timmerman AJ, Mevius DJ, Wagenaar JA, Hordijk J. High Heterogeneity of Escherichia coli Sequence Types Harbouring ESBL/AmpC Genes on IncI1 Plasmids in the Colombian Poultry Chain. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170777. [PMID: 28125687 PMCID: PMC5268450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Escherichia coli producing ESBL/AmpC enzymes are unwanted in animal production chains as they may pose a risk to human and animal health. Molecular characterization of plasmids and strains carrying genes that encode these enzymes is essential to understand their local and global spread. Objectives To investigate the diversity of genes, plasmids and strains in ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli from the Colombian poultry chain isolated within the Colombian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (Coipars). Methods A total of 541 non-clinical E. coli strains from epidemiologically independent samples and randomly isolated between 2008 and 2013 within the Coipars program were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Poultry isolates resistant to cefotaxime (MIC ≥ 4 mg/L) were screened for ESBL/AmpC genes including blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM, blaCMY and blaOXA. Plasmid and strain characterization was performed for a selection of the ESBL/AmpC-producing isolates. Plasmids were purified and transformed into E. coli DH10B cells or transferred by conjugation to E. coli W3110. When applicable, PCR Based Replicon Typing (PBRT), plasmid Multi Locus Sequence Typing (pMLST), plasmid Double Locus Sequence Typing (pDLST) and/or plasmid Replicon Sequence Typing (pRST) was performed on resulting transformants and conjugants. Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) was used for strain characterization. Results In total, 132 of 541 isolates were resistant to cefotaxime and 122 were found to carry ESBL/AmpC genes. Ninety-two harboured blaCMY-2 (75%), fourteen blaSHV-12 (11%), three blaSHV-5 (2%), five blaCTX-M-2 (4%), one blaCTX-M-15 (1%), one blaCTX-M-8 (1%), four a combination of blaCMY-2 and blaSHV-12 (4%) and two a combination of blaCMY-2 and blaSHV-5 (2%). A selection of 39 ESBL/AmpC-producing isolates was characterized at the plasmid and strain level. ESBL/AmpC genes from 36 isolates were transferable by transformation or conjugation of which 22 were located on IncI1 plasmids. These IncI1 plasmids harboured predominantly blaCMY-2 (16/22), and to a lesser extend blaSHV-12 (5/22) and blaCTX-M-8 (1/22). Other plasmid families associated with ESBL/AmpC-genes were IncK (4/33), IncHI2 (3/33), IncA/C (2/33), IncΒ/O (1/33) and a non-typeable replicon (1/33). Subtyping of IncI1 and IncHI2 demonstrated IncI1/ST12 was predominantly associated with blaCMY-2 (12/16) and IncHI2/ST7 with blaCTX-M-2 (2/3). Finally, 31 different STs were detected among the 39 selected isolates. Conclusions Resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporins in E. coli from Colombian poultry is mainly caused by blaCMY-2 and blaSHV-12. The high diversity of strain Sequence Types and the dissemination of homogeneous IncI1/ST12 plasmids suggest that spread of the resistance is mainly mediated by horizontal gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Ricardo Castellanos
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Colombian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance – Coipars, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - Corpoica, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Pilar Donado-Godoy
- Colombian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance – Coipars, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - Corpoica, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Maribel León
- Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario - ICA, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Viviana Clavijo
- Colombian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance – Coipars, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - Corpoica, Cundinamarca, Colombia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Los Andes University, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alejandra Arevalo
- Colombian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance – Coipars, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - Corpoica, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Johan F. Bernal
- Colombian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance – Coipars, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - Corpoica, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Arjen J. Timmerman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Dik J. Mevius
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap A. Wagenaar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands
| | - Joost Hordijk
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Loong SK, Mahfodz NH, Che Mat Seri NAA, Mohamad Wali HA, Abd Gani SA, Wong PF, AbuBakar S. Genetic characterization of commensal Escherichia coli isolated from laboratory rodents. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1035. [PMID: 27462483 PMCID: PMC4940358 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2745-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Escherichia coli, a commensal in the intestines of vertebrates, is capable of colonizing many different hosts and the environment. Commensal E. coli strains are believed to be the precursor of pathogenic strains by means of acquisition of antimicrobial resistant and virulence genes. Laboratory rodents are inherently susceptible to numerous known infectious agents, which could transfer virulence determinants to commensal E. coli. Hence, in this study, the genetic structure of commensal E. coli found in laboratory rodents and their antimicrobial resistance profiles were investigated. Results E. coli strains belonging to phylogroup A were the predominant strain obtained from the animals used in the study. Four novel sequence types (ST746, ST747, ST748 and ST749) were discovered using the multi locus sequence typing, together with one common ST357 in the gastrointestinal tract, liver and, the trachea and lung. Serotyping demonstrated that these commensal E. coli strains were non-Shiga toxin-producers. Phenotypic and genotypic analyses of extended spectrum beta lactamases were also negative. Conclusions These findings implied that the E. coli strains recovered from the laboratory rodents were truly commensal in nature. Further study is required to investigate the possible influence of gender on the susceptibility of hosts to E. coli colonization in laboratory rodents. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40064-016-2745-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih Keng Loong
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Hidayana Mahfodz
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Asma Anati Che Mat Seri
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Syahar Amir Abd Gani
- Animal Experimental Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pooi-Fong Wong
- Animal Experimental Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sazaly AbuBakar
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Antibacterial Properties of Tebipenem Pivoxil Tablet, a New Oral Carbapenem Preparation against a Variety of Pathogenic Bacteria in Vitro and in Vivo. Molecules 2016; 21:62. [PMID: 26751436 PMCID: PMC6273992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: To systemically investigate the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial properties of tebipenem pivoxil tablet. In addition, acute toxicity of this preparation was also studied. Methods: In vitro, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) or minimal inhibitory concentration (MBC) were determined by using the serial 2-fold broth or agar dilution methods. Further, cumulative MIC inhibition curves were then made to assess the antibacterial effects of the drug at various concentrations. In vivo, minimum lethal dose (MLD) in combination with maximum tolerance dose (MTD) was used to measure the acute toxicity of the tebipenem pivoxil tablet in mice. After that, sepsis mouse models challenged with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively, were established to evaluate the anti-infective effect of this preparation. Results: The MIC90 values of tebipenem pivoxil against Gram-positive bacteria such as methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis (MSSE), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE), Pyogenic streptococcus, and Enterococcus faecalis were ≤0.125, 16, 0.5, 8, ≤0.125, and 32 μg/mL, respectively. Correspondingly, the MIC90 values of tebipenem pivoxil against Escherichia coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii were 1, 0.5, ≤0.125, 0.25, 64, 64 μg/mL, respectively. The MBC values of tebipenem pivoxil against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae were 0.016–2, 0.063–32, 0.031–32 μg/mL, respectively. The acute toxicity study showed that the MLD of the tebipenem pivoxil tablet was 4.00 g/kg and the MTD was 3.40 g/kg in mice. In all the sepsis mouse models, the simultaneous administration of the tebipenem pivoxil tablets significantly reduced mortality of the sepsis-model mice as compared with the control. Furthermore, the survival rate in the tebipenem pivoxil tablet group was remarkably higher than that in the meropenem group in all the sepsis mouse models tested. In the sepsis model challenged with Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strain, respectively, tebipenem pivoxil tablet (100 mg/kg) displayed a better protective effect than tebipenem pivoxil granules (100 mg/kg). Conclusions: In summary, tebipenem pivoxil displays an excellent antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogenic bacteria in vitro. Importantly, tebipenem pivoxil tablet significantly protects the sepsis mice challenged with various pathogenic bacteria, which may provide a potential approach to treating bacterial sepsis in clinic.
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