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Kutumova E, Kovaleva A, Sharipov R, Lifshits G, Kolpakov F. Mathematical modelling of the influence of ACE I/D polymorphism on blood pressure and antihypertensive therapy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29988. [PMID: 38707445 PMCID: PMC11068647 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism raises the possibility of personalising ACE inhibitor therapy to optimise its efficiency and reduce side effects in genetically distinct subgroups. However, the extent of its influence among these subgroups is unknown. Therefore, we extended our computational model of blood pressure regulation to investigate the effect of the ACE I/D polymorphism on haemodynamic parameters in humans undergoing antihypertensive therapy. The model showed that the dependence of blood pressure on serum ACE activity is a function of saturation and therefore, the lack of association between ACE I/D and blood pressure levels may be due to high ACE activity in specific populations. Additionally, in an extended model simulating the effects of different classes of antihypertensive drugs, we explored the relationship between ACE I/D and the efficacy of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The model predicted that the response of cardiovascular and renal parameters to treatment directly depends on ACE activity. However, significant differences in parameter changes were observed only between groups with high and low ACE levels, while different ACE I/D genotypes within the same group had similar changes in absolute values. We conclude that a single genetic variant is responsible for only a small fraction of heredity in treatment success and its predictive value is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kutumova
- Department of Computational Biology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Krasnodar region, Russia
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Federal Research Center for Information and Computational Technologies, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Biosoft.Ru, Ltd., Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anna Kovaleva
- Laboratory for Personalized Medicine, Center of New Medical Technologies, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ruslan Sharipov
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Federal Research Center for Information and Computational Technologies, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Biosoft.Ru, Ltd., Novosibirsk, Russia
- Specialized Educational Scientific Center, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Galina Lifshits
- Laboratory for Personalized Medicine, Center of New Medical Technologies, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Fedor Kolpakov
- Department of Computational Biology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Krasnodar region, Russia
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Federal Research Center for Information and Computational Technologies, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Biosoft.Ru, Ltd., Novosibirsk, Russia
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Sharma JR, Fokkens H, Laubscher R, Apalata TR, Nomatshila SC, Alomatu SY, Strijdom H, Johnson R. No Association Between AGT Gene Polymorphisms with Hypertension in a South African Population. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:1853-1865. [PMID: 38706806 PMCID: PMC11069114 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s452272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a prevalence increasing at an alarming rate in both middle- and low-income countries. Various environmental and genetic factors have been attributed to play a significant role in the increasing prevalence of hypertension. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene are reported to have a significant association with hypertension; however, there are limited studies done on South African populations. Therefore, this case-control study aimed to investigate the association between AGT SNPs (rs2004776, rs3789678, rs5051 and rs7079) with hypertension in a study population of isiXhosa-speaking participants from the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. Materials and Methods The SNPs were genotyped in 250 hypertensive cases and 237 normotensive controls, using TaqMan genotyping assays. Results For the SNP rs2004776, the frequency of CC genotype (18.4%) and C allele (44%) in hypertensive cases showed no significant differences (p = 0.52, χ2 = 1.32), when compared to the normotensive control group (CC: 19.8% and C allele: 43%). Similar results were obtained for the genotypic and allelic frequencies between hypertensive cases and normotensive controls for rs3789678 (p = 0.88, χ2=0.26) and rs5051 (p = 0.57, χ2=1.12), and rs7079 (p = 0.33, χ2=2.23). These findings demonstrate that there were no significant associations between the SNPs rs2004776, rs3789678, rs7079, rs5051 with hypertension in our study population. Conclusion These findings suggest that AGT gene polymorphisms are not associated with the development of hypertension in the studied population. The present study represents the first genetic report to investigate the AGT gene polymorphisms with hypertension in an isiXhosa-speaking South African population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Rajan Sharma
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hannah Fokkens
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for Cardiometabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ria Laubscher
- Biostatistics Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Teke Ruffin Apalata
- Department of Laboratory-Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University and National Health Laboratory Services, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Sibusiso Cyprian Nomatshila
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Samuel Yao Alomatu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nelson Mandela Central Hospital and Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Hans Strijdom
- Centre for Cardiometabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rabia Johnson
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for Cardiometabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Shah WA, Jan A, Khan MA, Saeed M, Rahman N, Afridi MS, Khuda F, Akbar R. Association between Aldosterone Synthase ( CYP11B2) Gene Polymorphism and Hypertension in Pashtun Ethnic Population of Khyber Pakhtunkwha, Pakistan. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1184. [PMID: 37372364 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies significantly increased the number of hypertension risk variants; however, most of them focused on European societies. There is lack of such studies in developing countries, including Pakistan. The lack of research studies and the high prevalence of hypertension in the Pakistani community prompted us to design this study. Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) was thoroughly studied in different ethnic groups; however, no such study has been conducted in the Pashtun population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. In essential hypertension, the aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) plays a significant role. Aldosterone synthesis is affected by both hereditary and environmental factors. Aldosterone synthase (encoded by the CYP11B2 gene) controls the conversion of deoxycorticosterone to aldosterone and, thus, has genetic influences. Polymorphisms in the CYP11B2 gene are linked to an increased risk of hypertension. Previous research on the polymorphism of the aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) gene and its relationship to hypertension produced inconclusive results. The present study investigates the relationship between CYP11B2 gene polymorphism and hypertension in Pakistan's Pashtun population. We used the nascent exome sequencing method to identify variants associated with hypertension. The research was divided into two phases. In phase one, DNA samples from 200 adult hypertension patients (of age ≥ 30 years) and 200 controls were pooled (n = 200/pool) and subjected to Exome Sequencing. In the second phase, the WES reported SNPs were genotyped using the Mass ARRAY technique to verify and confirm the association between WES-identified SNPs and hypertension. WES identified a total of eight genetic variants in the CYP11B2 gene. The chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to estimate the minor allele frequencies (MAFs) and chosen SNPs relationships with hypertension. The frequency of minor allele T was found to be higher in cases compared to the control (42% vs. 30%: p = 0.001) for rs1799998 of CYP11B2 gene, while no significant results (p > 0.05) were observed for the remaining SNPs; rs4536, rs4537, rs4545, rs4543, rs4539, rs4546 and rs6418 showed no positive association with HTN in the studied population (all p > 0.05). Our study findings suggest that rs1799998 increases susceptibly to HTN in the Pashtun population of KP, Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waheed Ali Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Asif Jan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
- District Headquarter Hospital (DHQH) Charsadda 24430, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Saeed
- Department of Pharmacy, Qurtaba University of Science and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajjad Afridi
- Department of Pharmacy, Qurtaba University of Science and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Fazli Khuda
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Rani Akbar
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
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Clinical Utility of Amplification Refractory Mutation System-Based PCR and Mutation-Specific PCR for Precise and Rapid Genotyping of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 1 (ACE1-rs4646996 D>I) and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2-rs4240157T>C) Gene Variations in Coronary Artery Disease and Their Strong Association with Its Disease Susceptibility and Progression. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12061321. [PMID: 35741131 PMCID: PMC9222124 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Experimental clinical and research studies demonstrated that the renin−angiotensin system (RAS) affects the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and the prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD). The results show that ACE2 (angiotensin I-converting enzyme 2) might act as a protective protein for cardiovascular diseases; however, only a few studies in human populations have been carried out. The aim of this study was to develop, optimize, and validate a direct T-ARMS-based PCR assay for the precise and rapid genotyping of ACE1-rs4646996 D>I and ACE2-rs4240157T>C and study their association with coronary artery disease susceptibility and progression. Methodology: This study included 149 consecutive coronary artery disease patients and 150 healthy controls. We utilized T-ARMS for the precise and rapid genotyping of ACE2-rs4240157; rs4646994. Results: Our results indicated that the ACE1-rs4646996 D>I genotypes observed between CAD cases and controls were statistically significant (p < 0.008) and, similarly, the ACE2-rs4240157T>C genotypes observed were significant (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the frequency of the D allele (ACE1-D>I) and C allele (ACE2-rs4240157T>C) was found to be higher among CAD patients than the HC. Our results indicated that in the codominant model, the ACE2-ID genotype was strongly associated with increased CAD susceptibility in a codominant model with an OR of 2.37, (95%) CI = (1.023−5.504), and p < 0.04. Similarly, the ACE2-DD genotype was strongly associated with an increased CAD susceptibility with an OR of 3.48, (95%) CI = (1.49 to 8.117), and p < 0.003. Similarly, in allelic comparison, the D allele was strongly associated with CAD susceptibility with an OR of 1.59, (95%) CI = (1.12−2.24), and p < 0.003. Our results revealed that there was a significant correlation between ACE2-I/D genotypes and hypertension, T2D, and obesity (p < 0.05). The results of ACE2 rs4240157 genotyping indicated a strong association in the codominant model with an increased CAD susceptibility with an OR of 3.62, (95%) CI = (2.027 to 6.481), and p < 0.0001. Similarly, in a dominant inheritance model, a strong association is observed between the ACE2 rs4240157 (CT+CC) genotype with an OR of 6.34, (95%) CI = (3.741 to 10.749), and p < 0.0001. In allelic comparison, the T allele was strongly associated with CAD susceptibility with an OR of 5.56, (95% CI = (3.56 to 7.17), and p < 0.0001. Similarly, our results revealed that there was a significant association of the ACE2-rs4240157T>C genotypes with Triglycerides (mg/dL), HDL-C (mg/dL), total Cholesterol (mg/dL), and C-reactive protein (mg/L) in CAD. Conclusion: It was indicated that the ARMS technique and MS-PCR assay proved to be fast, accurate, and reliable for ACE2-rs4240157T>C and ACE1-rs4646996 D>I, respectively, and can be used as a potential molecular tool in the diagnosis of genetic diseases in undeveloped and developing countries—where there might be a shortage of medical resources and supplies. ACE1-I>D genotypes were strongly associated with T2D, hypertension, and obesity (p < 0.002). Besides the ACE2-rs4240157 CT heterozygosity genotype, the T allele was strongly associated with CAD susceptibility. Future longitudinal studies in different ethnic populations with larger sample sizes are recommended to validate these findings
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Wibowo A, Hastuti P, Susanti V. The Association of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme I/D and Angiotensinogen M235T Polymorphism Genes with Essential Hypertension: A Meta-analysis. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Essential or primary hypertension in developing countries has become a major problem. Recent hypertension-related research has revealed susceptibility genes in genome-wide association studies. Several studies have associated angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) I/D and angiotensinogen (AGT) M235T polymorphisms with essential hypertension, but results have been inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association of AGT and ACE polymorphisms with the risk of primary hypertension.
Methods: PubMed, Embase database, Medline, Goggle Scholar, Scopus.com, as well portal Garuda (www.garuda.ristekdikti.go.id) and Cochrane were used to retrieve all publications from 2006-2020 relating risk factors for hypertension with ACE I/D and AGT M235T polymorphisms. The meta-analysis was conducted from January –April 2020. All association studies were identified and data extracted from each study. Revman 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis to estimate odds ratios (OR) after extracting data and evaluating the quality of the enrolled studies.
Results: A total of 27 studies (totaling 5,105 patients and 5196 controls) were identified. The overall effect suggested ACE I/D was significantly associated with primary hypertension (OR: 95%CI=1.51[1.29-1.77], p=0.004). There was no association between AGT M235T with risk of essential hypertension.
Conclusion: This meta-analysis found significant association between ACE I/D gene polymorphisms with primary hypertension susceptibility. However, the AGT M235T gene had no association with the risk of primary hypertension. The Adrenoreceptor-beta/Renin Angiotensin System (ADRB/RAS) A allele should be considered a risk factor for essential hypertension.
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Wibowo A, Hastuti P, Susanti V. Polymorphism of Thyroid Hormones Receptor, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme, and High Blood Pressure in Childbearing Age Women with Hyperthyroidism. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: This study aimed to investigate the association between two polymorphisms of thyroid hormone receptor and renin-angiotensin system (THRA C/T and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D) genes with hypertension in childbearing age women with hypertension.
METHODS: This was a case–control study including 35 cases and 40 matched control subjects. The case group was hyperthyroid women with hypertension while the control group was hyperthyroid women with normotension. The polymorphisms were identified by a classical polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS: The THRA C/T gene and ACE I/D polymorphisms were not associated with the hypertension while the genotype frequencies in hyperthyroid women with hypertension were as follows: CC genotype was 25.71%, CT genotype was 54.29%, and TT genotype was 20.00%. The ACE I/D genotype frequencies in hyperthyroid women with hypertension were as follows: II genotype was 23.53%, whereas in hyperthyroid women without hypertension, the I/D genotype frequencies were CC: 7.50%, CT: 72.50%, and TT: 20.00%. There were no differences in age, thyroid-stimulating hormone, FT4, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic BP between subgroups in ACE I/D, and at THRA rs-939348. There was a significant difference in the levels of FT4 concentrations in THRA rs-939348. Hypertension groups have higher SBP than controls. Genotype II had higher SBP but it was not statistically significant, while individuals with allele I had SBP higher than D allele.
CONCLUSIONS: The I allele of the ACE gene is involved in susceptibility to hypertension and polymorphism in THRA increasing concentration of FT4. There was no statistically significant difference in blood pressure between hyperthyroid women with or without hypertension.
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Mabhida SE, Mashatola L, Kaur M, Sharma JR, Apalata T, Muhamed B, Benjeddou M, Johnson R. Hypertension in African Populations: Review and Computational Insights. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040532. [PMID: 33917487 PMCID: PMC8067483 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is a persistent public health problem affecting approximately 1.3 billion individuals globally. Treatment-resistant hypertension (TRH) is defined as high blood pressure (BP) in a hypertensive patient that remains above goal despite use of ≥3 antihypertensive agents of different classes including a diuretic. Despite a plethora of treatment options available, only 31.0% of individuals have their HTN controlled. Interindividual genetic variability to drug response might explain this disappointing outcome because of genetic polymorphisms. Additionally, the poor knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying hypertensive disease and the long-term interaction of antihypertensive drugs with blood pressure control mechanisms further aggravates the problem. Furthermore, in Africa, there is a paucity of pharmacogenomic data on the treatment of resistant hypertension. Therefore, identification of genetic signals having the potential to predict the response of a drug for a given individual in an African population has been the subject of intensive investigation. In this review, we aim to systematically extract and discuss African evidence on the genetic variation, and pharmacogenomics towards the treatment of HTN. Furthermore, in silico methods are utilized to elucidate biological processes that will aid in identifying novel drug targets for the treatment of resistant hypertension in an African population. To provide an expanded view of genetic variants associated with the development of HTN, this study was performed using publicly available databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, African Journal Online, PharmGKB searching for relevant papers between 1984 and 2020. A total of 2784 articles were reviewed, and only 42 studies were included following the inclusion criteria. Twenty studies reported associations with HTN and genes such as AGT (rs699), ACE (rs1799752), NOS3 (rs1799983), MTHFR (rs1801133), AGTR1 (rs5186), while twenty-two studies did not show any association within the African population. Thereafter, an in silico predictive approach was utilized to identify several genes including CLCNKB, CYPB11B2, SH2B2, STK9, and TBX5 which may act as potential drug targets because they are involved in pathways known to influence blood pressure. Next, co-expressed genes were identified as they are controlled by the same transcriptional regulatory program and may potentially be more effective as multiple drug targets in the treatment regimens for HTN. Genes belonging to the co-expressed gene cluster, ACE, AGT, AGTR1, AGTR2, and NOS3 as well as CSK and ADRG1 showed enrichment of G-protein-coupled receptor activity, the classical targets of drug discovery, which mediate cellular signaling processes. The latter is of importance, as the targeting of co-regulatory gene clusters will allow for the development of more effective HTN drug targets that could decrease the prevalence of both controlled and TRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihle E. Mabhida
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; (S.E.M.); (J.R.S.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
| | - Lebohang Mashatola
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; (L.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; (L.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Jyoti R. Sharma
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; (S.E.M.); (J.R.S.)
| | - Teke Apalata
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory-Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University and National Health Laboratory Services, Mthatha 5100, South Africa;
| | - Babu Muhamed
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
- Children’s National Health System, Division of Cardiology, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Mongi Benjeddou
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
| | - Rabia Johnson
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; (S.E.M.); (J.R.S.)
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-21-938-0866
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Aguiar L, Ferreira J, Matos A, Mascarenhas MR, Menezes Falcão L, Faustino P, Bicho M, Inácio Â. Interplay between glycemia and the genetics of eNOS and ACE for the susceptibility to the onset and development of hypertension on the Portuguese population. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Lalaoui R, Bakour S, Raoult D, Verger P, Sokhna C, Devaux C, Pradines B, Rolain JM. What could explain the late emergence of COVID-19 in Africa? New Microbes New Infect 2020; 38:100760. [PMID: 32983542 PMCID: PMC7508045 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
At the end of November 2019, a novel coronavirus responsible for respiratory tract infections emerged in China. Despite drastic containment measures, this virus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), spread in Asia and Europe. The pandemic is ongoing with a particular hotspot in southern Europe and America in spring 2020. Many studies predicted an epidemic in Africa similar to that currently seen in Europe and the USA. However, reported data do not confirm these predictions. Several hypotheses that could explain the later emergence and spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in African countries are being discussed, including the lack of health-care infrastructure capable of clinically detecting and confirming COVID-19 cases, the implementation of social distancing and hygiene, international air traffic flows, the climate, the relatively young and rural population, the genetic polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor, cross-immunity and the use of antimalarial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Lalaoui
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - S. Bakour
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - D. Raoult
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - P. Verger
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Southeastern Health Regional Observatory, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France
| | - C. Sokhna
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France
| | - C. Devaux
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - B. Pradines
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France
- Unité parasitologie et entomologie, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, Marseille, France
- Centre national de référence du paludisme, Marseille, France
| | - J.-M. Rolain
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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Sorriento D, Iaccarino G. Commentary: Studies in Zebrafish Demonstrate That CNNM2 and NT5C2 Are Most Likely the Causal Genes at the Blood Pressure-Associated Locus on Human Chromosome 10q24.32. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:582101. [PMID: 33195469 PMCID: PMC7604340 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.582101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Marushchak M, Maksiv K, Krynytska I, Dutchak O, Behosh N. The Severity of Oxidative Stress in Comorbid Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Hypertension: Does it Depend On ACE and AGT Gene Polymorphisms? J Med Life 2020; 12:426-434. [PMID: 32025262 PMCID: PMC6993293 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2019-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing number of studies suggesting the role of genetic factors in the development and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypertension. Therefore, our study aimed to establish the role of ACE and AGT gene polymorphisms in the mechanisms behind the development of oxidative stress in patients with concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypertension. The study group consisted of 96 patients: Group 1 (individuals with a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), Group 2 (individuals with arterial hypertension), Group 3 (individuals with a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and arterial hypertension). The control group consisted of 20 healthy subjects. ACE and AGT gene polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction amplification. Detection of intracellular reactive oxygen species levels was performed by EPICS XL cytometer (Beckman Coulter, USA) with dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and dihydroethidium. Serum levels of 8-isoprostane were assayed with ELISA, Cayman Chemicals (USA). No significant correlations between ACE and AGT gene polymorphisms and parameters of oxidative stress in a setting of comorbid chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypertension were observed. However, the increase in oxidative stress parameters was observed to be the most significant in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease + hypertension and with I/I genotype of the ACE gene, which was due to their lowest values in virtually healthy individuals. This suggests that I/I genotype may be associated with lower levels of reactive oxygen species production compared with other genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Marushchak
- Department of Functional and Laboratory Diagnostics, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Khrystyna Maksiv
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Inna Krynytska
- Department of Functional and Laboratory Diagnostics, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Olha Dutchak
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Postgraduate Education, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University,Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Nina Behosh
- Department of Functional and Laboratory Diagnostics, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
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12
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Contribution of Four Polymorphisms in Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-Related Genes to Hypertension in a Thai Population. Int J Hypertens 2019; 2019:4861081. [PMID: 31511791 PMCID: PMC6710803 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4861081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The roles of genes in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in hypertension, including angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1), and aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2), have been widely studied across different ethnicities, but there has been no such investigation in Thai population. Materials and Methods Using 4,150 Thais recorded in the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) study, we examined the association of rs1799752, rs699, rs5186, and rs1799998 located in or near ACE, AGT, AGTR1, and CYP11B2 genes in hypertension. We investigated their roles in hypertension using multivariate logistic regression and further examined their roles in blood pressure (BP) using quantile regression. Sex, age, and BMI were adjusted as potential confounders. Results We did not observe associations between hypertension and rs1799752 (P=0.422), rs699 (P=0.36), rs5186 (P=0.49), and rs1799998 (P=0.71). No evidence of association between these SNPs and BP was found across an entire distribution. A nonlinear relationship between age and BP was observed. Conclusion In Thai population, our study showed no evidence of association between RAAS-related genes and hypertension. While our study is the first and largest study to investigate the role of RAAS-related genes in hypertension in Thai population, restricted statistical power due to limited sample size is a limitation.
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Fajar JK, Pikir BS, Sidarta EP, Saka PNB, Akbar RR, Tamara F, Mayasari ED, Gunawan A, Heriansyah T. The genes polymorphism of angiotensinogen (AGT) M235T and AGT T174M in patients with essential hypertension: A meta-analysis. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Pinheiro DS, Santos RS, Jardim PCBV, Silva EG, Reis AAS, Pedrino GR, Ulhoa CJ. The combination of ACE I/D and ACE2 G8790A polymorphisms revels susceptibility to hypertension: A genetic association study in Brazilian patients. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221248. [PMID: 31430320 PMCID: PMC6701835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a multifactorial condition that already affects one third of the worldwide population. The identification of candidate genes for hypertension is a challenge for the next years. Nevertheless, the small contribution of each individual genetic factor to the disease brings the necessity of evaluate genes in an integrative manner and taking into consideration the physiological interaction of functions. Angiotensin I-converting enzymes, ACE and ACE2, are key regulators of blood pressure that have counterbalance roles by acting on vasoactive peptides from Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS). Insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of ACE gene and single nucleotide polymorphism G8790A of ACE2 gene have been associated with susceptibility to SAH, but the literature is controversial. We proposed to evaluate these two polymorphisms jointly exploring the combined effects of ACE and ACE2 genotypes on SAH susceptibility, an approach that have not been done yet for ACE and ACE2 polymorphisms. METHODS AND FINDINGS This genetic association study included 117 hypertensive (mean age 59.7 years) patients and 123 normotensive and diabetes-free controls (mean age 57.5 years). ACE and ACE2 polymorphisms were genotyped by SYBR Green real-time PCR and RFLP-PCR, respectively. Crude and adjusted odds ratio (OR) values were calculated to estimate the susceptibility to SAH development. It was obtained homogeneity regarding distribution by sex, age range, smoking, alcohol consumption and body mass index (BMI) between case and control groups. No-association was verified for each gene individually, but the combination of ACE and ACE2 polymorphisms on female gender revealed a significative association for DD/G_ carriers who had a 3-fold increased risk to SAH development (p = 0.03), with a stronger susceptibility on DD/GG carriers (7-fold increased risk, p = 0.01). The D allele of ACE showed association with altered levels of lipid profile variables on case group (VLDL-cholesterol, p = 0.01) and DD genotype in all individuals analysis (triglycerides, p = 0.01 and VLDL-cholesterol, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION These findings indicate that the combination of ACE and ACE2 polymorphisms effects may play a role in SAH predisposition been the DD/G_ genotype the susceptibility profile. This result allowed us to raise the hypothesis that an increased activity of ACE (prohypertensive effects) in conjunction with reduced ACE2 activity (antihypertensive effects) could be the underlining mechanism. The association of ACE D allele with lipid alterations indicate that this can be a marker of poor prognostic on SAH evolution and contribute to CVD development. Although these preliminary findings must be confirmed by further researches with larger sample size, we could observe that the integrative analysis of ACE and ACE2 can be an informative tool in hypertension understanding that needs to be explored in new studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise S. Pinheiro
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S. Santos
- Department of Nature Sciences (LEdoC), Special Academic Unit of Human Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Paulo C. B. Veiga Jardim
- League of Hypertension, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Elisangela G. Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Angela A. S. Reis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Gustavo R. Pedrino
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Cirano J. Ulhoa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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15
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Sombié HK, Kologo JK, Tchelougou D, Ouédraogo SY, Ouattara AK, Compaoré TR, Nagalo BM, Sorgho AP, Nagabila I, Soubeïga ST, Djigma FW, Yonli AT, Zabsonré P, Millogo H, Simporé J. Positive association between ATP2B1 rs17249754 and essential hypertension: a case-control study in Burkina Faso, West Africa. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019; 19:155. [PMID: 31242870 PMCID: PMC6595568 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic and environment play a significant role in the etiology of essential hypertension (EH). Recently STK39 rs3754777, ATP2B1 rs2681472 and rs17249754 have been associated with BP variation and hypertension. In this study we aimed to determine firstly whether index variants were associated with the risk of developing EH in Burkina Faso and secondly to characterize cardiovascular risk markers. Methods We conducted a case-control study with 380 participants including 180 case subjects with EH and 200 control subjects with normal BP. We used TaqMan genotyping assays with probes from Applied Biosystems to genotype polymorphisms using the 7500 Real-Time PCR System. Biochemical parameters were measured using chemistry analyzer COBAS C311. Results T-test showed that cardiovascular risk markers such as body mass index, waist circumference, blood sugar, total cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly higher in hypertensive compared to normotensive (all p < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed in decreasing order that overweight, family history of hypertension, central obesity and alcohol intake increased the risk of developing EH (all OR > 3.8; all p < 0.001). In genetic level we observed that individuals carrying the AA+AG genotype of ATP2B1 rs17249754 had a low risk of developing EH than those carrying the GG genotype (OR = 0.48 [95% CI: 0.31–0.75] p = 0.001) and the A allele frequency in the cases was significantly lower than that of the controls (OR = 0.56 [95% CI: 0.38–0.82] p = 0.003). We also observed that ATP2B1 rs17249754 was significantly associated with higher SBP and DPB in case and control groups (GG versus AG + AA; p < 0.05), ATP2B1 rs2681472 was significantly associated with higher SBP only in case and control group (AA versus AG + GG; p < 0.05), STK39 rs3754777 was not significantly associated with any of the BP traits (CC versus CT + TT; p > 0.05). Conclusion Our results confirmed the significant association of ATP2B1 rs17249754 with the risk of developing EH in Burkinabe and showed an increase of cardiovascular risk markers levels in subjects with EH. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12872-019-1136-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herman Karim Sombié
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Ouaga I Prof. Joseph Ki-Zerbo, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Jonas Koudougou Kologo
- Saint Camille hospital in Ouagadougou (HOSCO), Burkina Faso, P.O. Box 444, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Daméhan Tchelougou
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Ouaga I Prof. Joseph Ki-Zerbo, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Serge Yannick Ouédraogo
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Ouaga I Prof. Joseph Ki-Zerbo, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdoul Karim Ouattara
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Ouaga I Prof. Joseph Ki-Zerbo, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.,Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Tegwindé Rebecca Compaoré
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Ouaga I Prof. Joseph Ki-Zerbo, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Bolni Marius Nagalo
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Ouaga I Prof. Joseph Ki-Zerbo, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Abel Pegdwendé Sorgho
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Ouaga I Prof. Joseph Ki-Zerbo, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Issoufou Nagabila
- Saint Camille hospital in Ouagadougou (HOSCO), Burkina Faso, P.O. Box 444, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Serge Théophile Soubeïga
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Ouaga I Prof. Joseph Ki-Zerbo, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.,Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Ouaga I Prof. Joseph Ki-Zerbo, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso. .,Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.
| | - Albert Théophane Yonli
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Ouaga I Prof. Joseph Ki-Zerbo, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.,Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Patrice Zabsonré
- University Hospital Center-Yalgado Ouedraogo (CHUYO), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Hassanata Millogo
- Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Jacques Simporé
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Ouaga I Prof. Joseph Ki-Zerbo, P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.,Saint Camille hospital in Ouagadougou (HOSCO), Burkina Faso, P.O. Box 444, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.,Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.,Faculty of Medicine, University Saint Thomas d'Aquin, P.O. Box 10212, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Mengesha HG, Petrucka P, Spence C, Tafesse TB. Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism on hypertension in Africa: A meta-analysis and systematic review. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211054. [PMID: 30763326 PMCID: PMC6375551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is dramatically increasing in Africa with evidence of increased severity and resistance to treatment. Although angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism is associated with higher prevalence of hypertension, the evidence is inconclusive on its influence on the emerging pattern in Africa. This meta-analysis is conducted to pool the available evidence to inform future research and interventions. METHODS Articles published through May 2018 were systematically searched in PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE databases. Studies were assessed for inclusion by two independent researchers. Six models were used to assess the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme deletion-insertion gene polymorphism. Heterogeneity and publication bias were tested and sensitivity analysis was carried out. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were measured for pooled effect. Both random effect and fixed effect models were used, whilst the frequency of DD, II and DI genotypes were computed and compared. RESULT Patients with D allele were 1.49 times more likely to develop essential hypertension compared with patients who carry the I allele (OR:1.49; CI:1.07, 2.07). Similarly, patients who had homozygous co-dominance genotype DD (i.e., DD vs II) were at a 2.17 times higher risk of essential hypertension compared to the co-dominant genotype II (OR:2.17, CI:1.79, 3.18), dominant model (I.e., DD+ID vs II) (OR:1.48; CI:1.03, 2.12), and recessive model (OR:1.64; CI:1.03, 2.61). On subgroup analysis, participants from Sub-Saharan Africa were more genetically susceptible to hypertension compared to their North Africa counterparts. There was no publication bias found, but there was high to moderate heterogeneity. CONCLUSION ACE I/D polymorphism is associated with essential hypertension in Africa in the allele contrast model, as well as the dominant, recessive and homozygous codominance model. On subgroup analysis, ACE I/D was associated with essential hypertension in patients from Sub-Saharan Africa but not in North Africa. A future large scale study, which includes different ethnic groups, is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pammla Petrucka
- University of Saskatchewan, College of Nursing, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, Adjunct Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Cara Spence
- Univeristy of Saskatchewan, International Research Specialist, International Office, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Tadesse Bekele Tafesse
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya Univeristy, Harar, Ethiopia
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Mulerova TA, Maksimov SA, Ogarkov MY, Gruzdeva OV, Ponasenko AV, Maksimov VN, Voyevoda MI, Filimonov ES, Artamonova GV. Associations of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Genetic Markers with Development of Arterial Hypertension in the Population of Mountain Shoriya. RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2018-14-5-678-686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. A. Mulerova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases; Novokuznetsk Institute for the Advancement of Doctors (branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education)
| | - S. A. Maksimov
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - M. Yu. Ogarkov
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases; Novokuznetsk Institute for the Advancement of Doctors (branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education)
| | - O. V. Gruzdeva
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - A. V. Ponasenko
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - V. N. Maksimov
- Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine (branch of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences)
| | - M. I. Voyevoda
- Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine (branch of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences)
| | - E. S. Filimonov
- Novokuznetsk Institute for the Advancement of Doctors (branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education)
| | - G. V. Artamonova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
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18
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Yako YY, Balti EV, Matsha TE, Dzudie A, Kruger D, Sobngwi E, Agyemang C, Kengne AP. Genetic factors contributing to hypertension in African-based populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2018; 20:485-495. [PMID: 29520984 PMCID: PMC8031059 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In a systematic review, the authors explored genetic association studies of essential hypertension in African populations. Studies reporting on the association of polymorphism(s) with hypertension in African populations were included. Appropriate studies were pooled using random effects model meta-analysis, under six potential inheritance models. In all, 46 polymorphisms in 33 genes were investigated for their association with hypertension or blood pressure levels. Meta-analysis was possible for three single nucleotide polymorphisms: rs4340, rs699, and rs5186. An association was found between rs5186, rs699, and hypertension under allele contrast and homozygous codominant models (odds ratio, 1.63 [95% confidence interval, 1.04-2.54] and 4.01 [95% confidence interval, 1.17-13.80] for rs5186, respectively; and 1.80 [95% confidence interval, 1.13-2.87] for rs699). Findings were mostly robust in sensitivity analyses. According to the systematic review, there is currently insufficient evidence on the specific polymorphisms that pose the risk of hypertension in African populations. Large-scale genetic studies are warranted to better understand susceptibility polymorphisms that may be specific to African populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandiswa Y. Yako
- Department of Human BiologyFaculty of Health SciencesWalter Sisulu UniversityMthathaSouth Africa
| | - Eric V. Balti
- Diabetes Research Center and Diabetes ClinicDepartment of Internal MedicineFree University of BrusselsBrusselsBelgium
| | - Tandi E. Matsha
- Department of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Wellness ScienceCape Peninsula University of TechnologyCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Anastase Dzudie
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Yaounde 1YaoundeCameroon
| | - Deirdre Kruger
- Department of SurgeryFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Eugene Sobngwi
- Department of Internal Medicine and SpecialitiesFaculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Yaounde 1YaoundeCameroon
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public HealthAcademic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Andre P. Kengne
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research UnitSouth African Medical Research CouncilCape TownSouth Africa
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19
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Sun F, He N, Zhang K, Wu N, Zhao J, Qiu C. Association of ACE gene A2350G and I/D polymorphisms with essential hypertension in the northernmost province of China. Clin Exp Hypertens 2017; 40:32-38. [PMID: 29172745 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2017.1291659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene, as a strong candidate gene for essential hypertension(EH), has been extensively studied. In this study, we carried out a population-based case-control study to explore whether ACE gene I/D and A2350G polymorphisms could consider to be risk factors for EH. A total of 2040 subjeces were recruited from Chinese Han in this study, out of which 1010 were cases and 1030 were normotensive individuals. ACE gene A2350G and I/D polymorphisms were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and A2350G polymorphism was detected after restriction enzyme digestion with BstuI. Besides, we choosed 10% samples randomly sequencing to verify the accuracy of results. Genotype and allele frequencies distribution of I/D and A2350G in EH and control groups were significantly different. After grouped by sex or age, there were still statistical significances for two polymorphisms. In dominant and recessive model of A2350G, we found significant differences between two groups, respectively. For ACE I/D polymorphism, we observed that the existence of dramatical difference in dominant model between two groups, while in recessive model, marginally significant difference was found. Among the four haplotypes composed by ACE gene A2350G and I/D, haplotype G-D reached the statistical significance in two groups, and exhibited to be a risk factor for the development of EH, whose P < 0.001 and OR 95%CI = 1.639(1.435-1.872), while the other haplotypes were the protective factors and decreased the susceptibility to EH(P < 0.05). ACE gene A2350G and I/D polymorphisms were associated with increasing the risk of suffering from EH in the northernmost province of China individuals, with D allele and G allele individuals had a higher risk of EH(OR = 1.443, 95%CI = 1.273-1.636 and OR = 1.481, 95%CI = 1.303-1.684).
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Sun
- a Department of Epidemiology, Public Health School , Harbin Medicial University , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Ning He
- b Institute of Polygenic Disease, Qiqihar Medical University , Qiqihar , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Keyong Zhang
- b Institute of Polygenic Disease, Qiqihar Medical University , Qiqihar , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Nan Wu
- b Institute of Polygenic Disease, Qiqihar Medical University , Qiqihar , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- a Department of Epidemiology, Public Health School , Harbin Medicial University , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Changchun Qiu
- b Institute of Polygenic Disease, Qiqihar Medical University , Qiqihar , Heilongjiang , China.,c Department of Biochemistry , Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China
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20
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Flaten HK, Monte AA. The Pharmacogenomic and Metabolomic Predictors of ACE Inhibitor and Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Effectiveness and Safety. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2017; 31:471-482. [PMID: 28741243 PMCID: PMC5727913 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-017-6733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is the most common chronic disease in the USA. Hypertensive patients frequently require repeat primary care visits to find an effective drug or drug combination to control their disease. Currently, patients are prescribed drugs for HTN based on race, age, and comorbidities and although the current guidelines are reasonable starting points for prescribing, 50% of hypertensive patients still fail to achieve target blood pressures. Despite numerous strategies to improve compliance, drug effectiveness, and optimization of initial drug choice, effectiveness has remained largely unchanged over the past two decades. Therefore, it is important to pursue alternative strategies to more effectively treat patients and to decrease medical costs. Additional precision medicine work is needed to identify factors associated with effectiveness of commonly used antihypertensive medications. The objective of this manuscript is to present a comprehensive review of the pharmacogenomic and metabolomic factors associated with ACEI and ARB effectiveness and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hania K Flaten
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Leprino Building, 7th Floor Campus Box B-215, 12401 E. 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Andrew A Monte
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Leprino Building, 7th Floor Campus Box B-215, 12401 E. 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics & Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Center, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO, USA
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21
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Amara A, Mrad M, Sayeh A, Lahideb D, Layouni S, Haggui A, Fekih-Mrissa N, Haouala H, Nsiri B. The Effect of ACE I/D Polymorphisms Alone and With Concomitant Risk Factors on Coronary Artery Disease. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2016; 24:157-163. [PMID: 27895197 DOI: 10.1177/1076029616679505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as atherosclerotic heart disease, is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity throughout the world. The role of insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene in the etiology of CAD remains to be more completely clarified. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the ACE I/D polymorphism in patients with CAD and to study the association together with traditional risk factors in assessing the risk of CAD. METHODS Our study population included 145 Tunisian patients with symptomatic CAD and a control group of 300 people matched for age and sex. All participants in the study were genotyped for the ACE I/D polymorphisms obtained by polymerase chain reaction amplification on genomic DNA. RESULTS Our analysis showed that the ACE D allele frequency ( P < 10-3; odds ratio [OR] = 5.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.6-7.6) and DD genotype ( P < 10-3; OR = 6.8; 95% CI = 4.4-10) are significantly more prevalent among patients with CAD than in controls and may be predisposing to CAD. We further found that the risk of CAD is greatly potentiated by several concomitant risk factors (smoking, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and a family history of CAD). CONCLUSION The ACE D allele may be predictive in individuals who may be at risk of developing CAD. Further investigations of these polymorphisms and their possible synergisms with traditional risk factors for CAD could help to ascertain better predictability for CAD susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Amara
- 1 Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Militaire de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunisie.,2 Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis el Manar, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Meriem Mrad
- 1 Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Militaire de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunisie.,2 Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis el Manar, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Aicha Sayeh
- 1 Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Militaire de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunisie.,2 Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis el Manar, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Dhaker Lahideb
- 3 Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Militaire de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunisie.,4 Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Samy Layouni
- 1 Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Militaire de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunisie.,5 Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Abdeddayem Haggui
- 3 Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Militaire de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunisie.,4 Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Najiba Fekih-Mrissa
- 1 Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Militaire de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunisie.,6 Académie Militaire Fondouk Jédid, Nabeul, Tunisie
| | - Habib Haouala
- 3 Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Militaire de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunisie.,4 Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Brahim Nsiri
- 1 Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Militaire de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunisie.,5 Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
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22
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Chou PS, Wu MN, Chou MC, Chien I, Yang YH. Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and the longitudinal progression of Alzheimer's disease. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 17:1544-1550. [PMID: 27862810 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism is considered a biologically plausible gene for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in cross-sectional studies. The present study aimed to investigate the longitudinal effect of ACE I/D polymorphism on AD progression. METHODS This 3-year observational study investigated the longitudinal effect of ACE I/D polymorphism on AD progression. Clinically diagnosed AD patients with a clinical dementia rating (CDR) of 0.5 or 1 were enrolled in the study. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Cognitive Assessment Screening Instrument (CASI) and the CDR scale were carried out for all patients on the date of the initial interview and 36 ± 6 months after the initial evaluation. RESULTS A total of 177 patients with sporadic AD were enrolled in this study. Among all patients, those with the I/I genotype showed a higher risk of CDR deterioration (I/I versus I/D + D/D: adjusted OR 2.103, 95% CI 1.113-3.972; adjusted P = 0.022). Among 74 AD patients without hypertension, those with the I/I genotype showed significantly greater differences in the MMSE, CASI and the CDR-sum of box scores, and a higher risk of CDR deterioration (I/I versus I/D + D/D: adjusted OR 3.255, 95% CI 1.099-9.639; adjusted P = 0.033) after adjustment for possible confounders during the 3-year follow up. CONCLUSIONS Patients with AD who were homozygous for the I allele presented with a more rapid AD deterioration than did those who had other ACE genotypes, particularly those patients without hypertension. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1544-1550.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Song Chou
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ni Wu
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chuan Chou
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I Chien
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Han Yang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of and Master's Program in Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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