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Wilberts L, Rojas-Preciado N, Jacquemyn H, Lievens B. Fungal strain and crop cultivar affect growth of sweet pepper plants after root inoculation with entomopathogenic fungi. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1196765. [PMID: 37342144 PMCID: PMC10277683 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1196765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
As endophytes, entomopathogenic fungi can protect plants against biotic and abiotic stresses and at the same time promote plant growth and plant health. To date, most studies have investigated whether Beauveria bassiana can enhance plant growth and plant health, while only little is known about other entomopathogenic fungi. In this study, we evaluated whether root inoculation of the entomopathogenic fungi Akanthomyces muscarius ARSEF 5128, B. bassiana ARSEF 3097 and Cordyceps fumosorosea ARSEF 3682 can promote plant growth of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), and whether effects are cultivar-dependent. Plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, canopy area, and plant weight were assessed four weeks following inoculation in two independent experiments using two cultivars of sweet pepper (cv. 'IDS RZ F1' and cv. 'Maduro'). Results showed that the three entomopathogenic fungi were able to enhance plant growth, particularly canopy area and plant weight. Further, results showed that effects significantly depended on cultivar and fungal strain, with the strongest fungal effects obtained for cv. 'IDS RZ F1', especially when inoculated with C. fumosorosea. We conclude that inoculation of sweet pepper roots with entomopathogenic fungi can stimulate plant growth, but effects depend on fungal strain and crop cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesbet Wilberts
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG) Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S) KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Rojas-Preciado
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG) Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S) KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Jacquemyn
- Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Lievens
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG) Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S) KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Faria M, Mascarin GM, Butt T, Lopes RB. On-farm Production of Microbial Entomopathogens for use in Agriculture: Brazil as a Case Study. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 52:122-133. [PMID: 37014592 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In Brazil, the production of beneficial microorganisms by growers exclusively for their own use is a practice known as "on-farm production". Regarding on-farm bioinsecticides, they were initially deployed for pests of perennial and semi-perennial crops in the 1970s but, since 2013, their use has extended to pests of annual crops such as maize, cotton, and soybean. Millions of hectares are currently being treated with these on-farm preparations. Local production reduces costs, meets local needs, and reduces inputs of environmentally damaging chemical pesticides, facilitating establishment of more sustainable agroecosystems. Critics argue that without implementation of stringent quality control measures there is the risk that the on-farm preparations: (1) are contaminated with microbes which may include human pathogens or (2) contain very little active ingredient, impacting on field efficacy. The on-farm fermentation of bacterial insecticides predominates, especially that of Bacillus thuringiensis targeting lepidopteran pests. However, there has been a rapid growth in the past 5 years in the production of entomopathogenic fungi, mostly for the control of sap-sucking insects such as whitefly (Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)) and the corn leafhopper (Dalbulus maidis (DeLong and Wolcott)). In contrast, on-farm production of insect viruses has seen limited growth. Most of the ca. 5 million rural producers in Brazil own small or medium size properties and, although the vast majority still do not practice on-farm production of biopesticides, the topic has aroused interest among them. Many growers who adopt this practice usually use non-sterile containers as fermenters, resulting in poor-quality preparations, and cases of failure have been reported. On the other hand, some informal reports suggest on-farm preparations may be efficacious even when contaminated, what could be explained, at least partially, by the insecticidal secondary metabolites secreted by the pool of microorganisms in the liquid culture media. Indeed, there is insufficient information on efficacy and mode of action of these microbial biopesticides. It is usually the large farms, some with > 20,000 ha of continuous cultivated lands, that produce biopesticides with low levels of contamination, as many of them possess advanced production facilities and have access to specialized knowledge and trained staff. Uptake of on-farm biopesticides is expected to continue but the rate of adoption will depend on factors such as the selection of safe, virulent microbial strains and implementation of sound quality control measures (compliance with emerging Brazilian regulations and international standards). The challenges and opportunities of on-farm bioinsecticides are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Faria
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Parque Estação Biológica, W5 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil.
| | | | - Tariq Butt
- Dept of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea Univ, Swansea, UK
| | - Rogerio Biaggioni Lopes
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Parque Estação Biológica, W5 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
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Bamisile BS, Akutse KS, Siddiqui JA, Xu Y. Model Application of Entomopathogenic Fungi as Alternatives to Chemical Pesticides: Prospects, Challenges, and Insights for Next-Generation Sustainable Agriculture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:741804. [PMID: 34659310 PMCID: PMC8514871 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.741804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, the control of pests and diseases of cultivated plants using natural and biological measures has drawn increasing attention in the quest to reduce the level of dependence on chemical products for agricultural production. The use of living organisms, predators, parasitoids, and microorganisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, has proven to be a viable and sustainable pest management technique. Among the aforementioned, fungi, most importantly the insect-pathogenic species, have been in use for more than 150years. These include the most popular strains belonging to the genera Beauveria, Metarhizium, Isaria, Hirsutella, and Lecanicillium. Their application is usually through an inundative approach, which inherently involves exposure of the fungal spores to unfavorable humidity, temperature, and solar radiation conditions. These abiotic factors reduce the persistence and efficacy of these insect-pathogenic fungi. Despite these limitations, over 170 strains have been formulated as mycopesticides and are available for commercial use. In the last few decades, numerous studies have suggested that these species of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) offer far more benefits and have broader ecological functions than hitherto presumed. For instance, aside from their roles as insect killers, it has been well established that they also colonize various host plants and, hence, provide other benefits including plant pathogen antagonism and plant growth promotion and serve as sources of novel bioactive compounds and secondary metabolites, etc. In this light, the potential of EPF as alternatives or perhaps as supplements to chemical pesticides in plant protection is discussed in this review. The paper highlights the numerous benefits associated with endophytic fungal entomopathogen and host plant associations, the mechanisms involved in mediating plant defense against pests and pathogens, and the general limitations to the use of EPF in plant protection. A deeper understanding of these plant host-fungus-insect relationships could help unveil the hidden potentials of fungal endophytes, which would consequently increase the level of acceptance and adoption by users as an integral part of pest management programs and as a suitable alternative to chemical inputs toward sustainable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Komivi Senyo Akutse
- Plant Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Junaid Ali Siddiqui
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijuan Xu
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Boguś MI, Wrońska AK, Kaczmarek A, Boguś-Sobocińska M. In vitro screening of 65 mycotoxins for insecticidal potential. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248772. [PMID: 33735295 PMCID: PMC7971479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The economic losses and threats to human and animal health caused by insects and the pathogens transmitted by them require effective and environmentally-friendly methods of controlling them. One such group of natural biocontrol agents which may be used as biopesticides is that of the entomopathogenic fungi and their toxic secondary metabolites (mycotoxins). The present in vitro work examined the insecticidal potential of 65 commercially-available mycotoxins against the insect Sf-9 cell line. Mammalian Caco-2 and THP-1 cell lines served as reference controls to select insecticidal mycotoxins harmless to mammalian cells. All tested mycotoxins significantly reduced the in vitro proliferation of the Sf-9 cells and evoked morphological changes. Ten of the mycotoxins found to strongly inhibit Sf-9 proliferation also had moderate or no effect on Caco-2 cells. The THP-1 cells were highly resistant to the tested mycotoxins: doses 103 times higher were needed to affect viability and morphology (1 μg/ml for THP-1 versus 1 ng/ml for Sf-9 and Caco-2). Nine mycotoxins significantly decreased Sf-9 cell proliferation with minor effects on mammalian cells: cyclosporins B and D, cytochalasin E, gliotoxin, HC toxin, paxilline, penitrem A, stachybotrylactam and verruculogen. These may be good candidates for future biopesticide formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieczysława Irena Boguś
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
- Biomibo ul, Warszawa, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Katarzyna Wrońska
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Agata Kaczmarek
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
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Amobonye A, Bhagwat P, Pandey A, Singh S, Pillai S. Biotechnological potential of Beauveria bassiana as a source of novel biocatalysts and metabolites. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:1019-1034. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1805403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Amobonye
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Prashant Bhagwat
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Suren Singh
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Santhosh Pillai
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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Chhetri DR, Chhetri A, Shahi N, Tiwari S, Karna SKL, Lama D, Pokharel YR. Isaria tenuipes Peck, an entomopathogenic fungus from Darjeeling Himalaya: Evaluation of in-vitro antiproliferative and antioxidant potential of its mycelium extract. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:185. [PMID: 32527241 PMCID: PMC7291650 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02973-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isaria tenuipes is one of the potent species in the members of the genus Isaria, which is well reported to possess multiple bioactive substances of therapeutic importance. Therefore, an in vitro experimental study was carried to evaluate the bioactivities of the crude methanolic extract from the mycelium of this fungus. METHODS The fungus was authenticated through morphological characters and the species discrepancy was resolved using the nuclear rDNA ITS sequence. The methanolic extract was fingerprinted by FTIR. The antioxidant components in terms of total phenols and flavonoids were determined as gallic acid and quercetin equivalents respectively. Antioxidant activities of the methanolic extract was assessed using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 2/-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical cation (ABTS0+), Fe2+chelating activity, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. Cytotoxicity of the extract was determined by [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay on three cancer cell lines: HeLa, HepG2, and PC3. Apoptosis was further studied by propidium iodide (PI) and Annexin-V/PI staining flow cytometric analysis. Anti-proliferation capacity was studied by colony-forming assay. RESULTS In the present study total phenol content of the dried methanol extract was 148.09 ± 3.51μg gallic acid equivalent/mg and flavonoid was 9.02±0.95 μg quercetin/mg. The antioxidant activities of methanol-water extract (8:2 v/v) from cultured mycelia of I. tenuipes investigated and evaluated with 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay revealed IC50 value of 5.04mg/ml with an inhibition rate of 74.77% at 10mg/ml and with an iron-chelating assay the chelating ability was recorded to be 86.76% where the IC50 value was 4.43 mg/ml. In comparison among the antioxidant assays, 2,2/-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical cation (ABTS0+) and hydroxyl assay exhibited radical scavenging rate of 44.42% and 49.82% respectively at a concentration of 10 mg/ml. The IC50 value of the extract in MTT assay was 43.45μg/ml with HeLa cells, 119.33μg/ml with PC3 cells, and 125.55μg/ml with HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION In this study, it can be concluded that the crude methanolic extract exhibited potent antioxidant and antiproliferative activities suggesting natural antioxidative and antiproliferative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhani Raj Chhetri
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Botany, Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737102, India
| | - Abhijit Chhetri
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Botany, Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737102, India
| | - Nerina Shahi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Snigdha Tiwari
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India, Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS' Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411004, India
| | - Shibendra Kumar Lal Karna
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Dorjay Lama
- Department of Microbiology, St. Joseph's College, North Point, Darjeeling, West Bengal, 734104, India
| | - Yuba Raj Pokharel
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, 110021, India.
- Centre for Health and Disease Studies Nepal, P.O. Box No. 9503, Sankhmul, Baneshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal.
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Niu X, Xie W, Zhang J, Hu Q. Biodiversity of Entomopathogenic Fungi in the Soils of South China. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7090311. [PMID: 31484332 PMCID: PMC6780753 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7090311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The southern part of China, located in tropical and south subtropical areas has unique natural environments, but the distributions of entomopathogenic fungi (EFs) in the soil are not clear. In this research, 198 soil samples were collected from the four Provinces (Autonomous Region) of South China. The results indicated that a total of 292 fungal isolates were obtained from 176 soil samples. Then, based on the morphological and rDNA-ITS sequences analysis, 213 EFs isolates of 19 species in 12 genera were identified. Furthermore, Purpureocillium lilacinum with 75 isolates was recognized as the absolutely dominant EF species, while Isaria javanica, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Beauveria bassiana (respectively with 29, 26, and 26 isolates) were the richer species. The data also indicated that Guangxi Province has the best EFs diversity with the Shannon–Wiener index (SWI) of 2.29, the soils covered with grass had the best EFs diversity with the 2.14 SWI, while the orchard and fallow land had the lowest SWI of 1.52, which suggested that the diversity of plants and insects on ground, as well as the massive application of broad-spectrum fungicides, affect the EFs diversity in the soil. Finally, the rare species, Nectria mauritiicola and Scopulariopsis brumptii were first reported about their entomopathogenic activities against Bemisia tabaci. Our experiment will give new insights to the understanding of EFs distribution characteristics and their biodiversity conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Weiwen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Qiongbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Lee YS, Han JH, Kang BR, Kim YC. Dibutyl succinate, produced by an insect-pathogenic fungus, Isaria javanica pf185, is a metabolite that controls of aphids and a fungal disease, anthracnose. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:852-858. [PMID: 30175880 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An entomopathogenic fungus, Isaria javanica pf185, causes mortality in nymphs of the green peach aphid and inhibits the growth of fungal plant pathogens. However, the metabolites of pf185 involved in these antifungal and aphicidal activities are unknown. This study was performed to identify the metabolites with these activities. RESULTS An antifungal metabolite was purified by repetitive column chromatography and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. Based on data from mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, the active metabolite was identified as dibutyl succinate. The minimum concentration of dibutyl succinate to inhibit germination of conidia of the cause of anthracnose, Colletotrichum acutatum, was 4 mg mL-1 . Dibutyl succinate at 2 µg mL-1 inhibited mycelial growth. It also had strong aphicidal activity against the nymphs of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, median lethal concentration (LC50) of 306 mg L-1 at 24 h exposure, and median lethal time (LT50) of 14.5 h at 388 mg L-1 exposure. CONCLUSION This is the first report indicating that a single metabolite, dibutyl succinate, from the beneficial fungus I. javanica, has potential for use in integrated pest management to inhibit both insect and fungal plant pathogens. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Seong Lee
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ji Hee Han
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Beom Ryong Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Young Cheol Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Weng Q, Zhang X, Chen W, Hu Q. Secondary Metabolites and the Risks of Isaria fumosorosea and Isaria farinosa. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040664. [PMID: 30781844 PMCID: PMC6412548 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Isaria fumosorosea and Isaria farinosa are important entomopathogenic fungi with a worldwide distribution and multiple host insects. However, the concerns about the safety risks of myco-pesticides have been attracting the attention of researchers and consumers. Secondary metabolites (SMs), especially the mycotoxins, closely affect the biosafety of Isaria myco-insecticides. In the last forty years, more than seventy SMs were identified and isolated from I. fumosorosea and I. farinose. The SMs of I. fumosorosea include the mycotoxins of non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) (beauvericin and beauverolides), terpenes (trichocaranes and fumosorinone), lactone compounds (cepharosporolides), acids (dipicolinic acid and oxalic acid), etc. Meanwhile, the NRP mycotoxins (cycloaspeptides) and the terpene compounds (farinosones and militarinones) are the main SMs in I. farinosa. Although several researches reported the two Isaria have promised biosafety, the bioactivities and the safety risks of their SMs have not been studied in detail so far. However, based on existing knowledge, most SMs (i.e., mycotoxins) do not come from Isaria myco-insecticide itself, but are from the host insects infected by Isaria fungi, because only the hosts can provide the conditions for fungal proliferation. Furthermore, the SMs from Isaria fungi have a very limited possibility of entering into environments because many SMs are decomposed in insect cadavers. The biosafety of Isaria myco-insecticides and their SMs/mycotoxins are being monitored. Of course, SMs safety risks of Isaria myco-insecticides need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunfang Weng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Qiongbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Mullowney MW, McClure RA, Robey MT, Kelleher NL, Thomson RJ. Natural products from thioester reductase containing biosynthetic pathways. Nat Prod Rep 2018; 35:847-878. [PMID: 29916519 PMCID: PMC6146020 DOI: 10.1039/c8np00013a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2018 Thioester reductase domains catalyze two- and four-electron reductions to release natural products following assembly on nonribosomal peptide synthetases, polyketide synthases, and their hybrid biosynthetic complexes. This reductive off-loading of a natural product yields an aldehyde or alcohol, can initiate the formation of a macrocyclic imine, and contributes to important intermediates in a variety of biosyntheses, including those for polyketide alkaloids and pyrrolobenzodiazepines. Compounds that arise from reductase-terminated biosynthetic gene clusters are often reactive and exhibit biological activity. Biomedically important examples include the cancer therapeutic Yondelis (ecteinascidin 743), peptide aldehydes that inspired the first therapeutic proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, and numerous synthetic derivatives and antibody drug conjugates of the pyrrolobenzodiazepines. Recent advances in microbial genomics, metabolomics, bioinformatics, and reactivity-based labeling have facilitated the detection of these compounds for targeted isolation. Herein, we summarize known natural products arising from this important category, highlighting their occurrence in Nature, biosyntheses, biological activities, and the technologies used for their detection and identification. Additionally, we review publicly available genomic data to highlight the remaining potential for novel reductively tailored compounds and drug leads from microorganisms. This thorough retrospective highlights various molecular families with especially privileged bioactivity while illuminating challenges and prospects toward accelerating the discovery of new, high value natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Mullowney
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Ryan A McClure
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Matthew T Robey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, 2205 Tech Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Neil L Kelleher
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. and Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, 2205 Tech Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Regan J Thomson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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