1
|
Villa-Mancera A, Maldonado-Hidalgo J, Robles-Robles M, Olivares-Pérez J, Olmedo-Juárez A, Rodríguez-Castillo J, Pérez-Mendoza N, Utrera-Quintana F, Pérez J, Ortega-Vargas S. Evaluation of Reproductive Histology Response of Adult Fasciola hepatica in Goats Vaccinated with Cathepsin L Phage-Exposed Mimotopes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7225. [PMID: 39000332 PMCID: PMC11241617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Fasciolosis, a globally re-emerging zoonotic disease, is mostly caused by the parasitic infection with Fasciola hepatica, often known as the liver fluke. This disease has a considerable impact on livestock productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the fluke burdens and faecal egg counts in goats that were administered phage clones of cathepsin L mimotopes and then infected with F. hepatica metacercariae. Additionally, the impact of vaccination on the histology of the reproductive system, specifically related to egg generation in adult parasites, was examined. A total of twenty-four goats, which were raised in sheds, were divided into four groups consisting of six animals each. These groups were randomly assigned. The goats were then subjected to two rounds of vaccination. Each vaccination involved the administration of 1 × 1013 phage particles containing specific mimotopes for cathepsin L2 (group 1: PPIRNGK), cathepsin L1 (group 2: DPWWLKQ), and cathepsin L1 (group 3: SGTFLFS). The immunisations were carried out on weeks 0 and 4, and the Quil A adjuvant was used in combination with the mimotopes. The control group was administered phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (group 4). At week 6, all groups were orally infected with 200 metacercariae of F. hepatica. At week 22 following the initial immunisation, the subjects were euthanised, and adult F. hepatica specimens were retrieved from the bile ducts and liver tissue, and subsequently quantified. The specimens underwent whole-mount histology for the examination of the reproductive system, including the testis, ovary, vitellaria, Mehlis' gland, and uterus. The mean fluke burdens following the challenge were seen to decrease by 50.4%, 62.2%, and 75.3% (p < 0.05) in goats that received vaccinations containing cathepsin L2 PPIRNGK, cathepsin L1 DPWWLKQ, and cathepsin L1 SGTFLFS, respectively. Animals that received vaccination exhibited a significant reduction in the production of parasite eggs. The levels of IgG1 and IgG2 isotypes in vaccinated goats were significantly higher than in the control group, indicating that protection is associated with the induction of a mixed Th1/Th2 immune response. The administration of cathepsin L to goats exhibits a modest level of efficacy in inducing histological impairment in the reproductive organs of liver flukes, resulting in a reduction in egg output.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abel Villa-Mancera
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco Puebla 75460, Mexico
| | - Javier Maldonado-Hidalgo
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco Puebla 75460, Mexico
| | - Manuel Robles-Robles
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco Puebla 75460, Mexico
| | - Jaime Olivares-Pérez
- Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Ciudad Altamirano 39640, Mexico
| | - Agustín Olmedo-Juárez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad (CENID SAI-INIFAP), Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Colonia Progreso, Jiutepec 62550, Mexico
| | - José Rodríguez-Castillo
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco Puebla 75460, Mexico
| | - Noemi Pérez-Mendoza
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco Puebla 75460, Mexico
| | - Fernando Utrera-Quintana
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco Puebla 75460, Mexico
| | - José Pérez
- Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, Unidad de Excelencia ENZOEM, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Samuel Ortega-Vargas
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco Puebla 75460, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Drescher G, de Vasconcelos TCB, Belo VS, Pinto MMDG, Rosa JDO, Morello LG, Figueiredo FB. Serological diagnosis of fasciolosis ( Fasciola hepatica) in humans, cattle, and sheep: a meta-analysis. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1252454. [PMID: 37736397 PMCID: PMC10509555 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1252454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fasciola hepatica can cause problems in both animals and humans. Fasciolosis can be diagnosed through the indirect ELISA immunodiagnostic test. Serological diagnosis of Fasciola is based on recombinant antigens secreted by this worm. We used PubMed and Google Scholar databases to review the published literature on 'antigens with immunogenic potential' used in serological tests to identify antibodies against F. hepatica in humans, cattle, and sheep. Studies that investigated diagnostic tests with common reference standards were included in the sensitivity and/or specificity bivariate meta-analysis. In the quality and susceptibility to bias analysis of the 33 included studies, 26 fulfilled at least six (75%) of the eight QUADAS criteria and were considered good-quality papers. We found that most of the studies used native excretory-secretory antigens and recombinant cathepsin in ELISA tests for serological diagnosis of fascioliasis in humans, cattle, and sheep. The meta-analysis revealed that all antigens demonstrated good accuracy. The best results in terms of sensitivity [0.931-2.5% confidence interval (CI) and 0.985-97.5% CI] and specificity (0.959-2.5% CI and 0.997-97.5% CI) were found in human FhES. FhrCL-1, FhES, and FhrSAP-2 antigens gave the best results for the serum diagnosis of human and animal fasciolosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Drescher
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ-PR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Vínicius Silva Belo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Jaqueline de Oliveira Rosa
- Trypanosomatid Molecular Biology Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ-PR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Luis Gustavo Morello
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ-PR), Curitiba, Brazil
- Parana Institute of Molecular Biology, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Borges Figueiredo
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ-PR), Curitiba, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Villa-Mancera A, Alcalá-Canto Y, Reynoso-Palomar A, Olmedo-Juárez A, Olivares-Pérez J. Vaccination with cathepsin L phage-exposed mimotopes, single or in combination, reduce size, fluke burden, egg production and viability in sheep experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica. Parasitol Int 2021; 83:102355. [PMID: 33872793 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Fascioliasis is a worldwide emergent zoonotic disease that significantly constrains the productivity of livestock. In this study, fluke burdens, liver fluke size and biomass, faecal eggs counts, serum levels of hepatic enzymes and immune response were assessed in sheep vaccinated with peptide mimotopes of cathepsin L and infected with metacercariae. A total of 25 sheep were allocated randomly into five groups of five animals each, and experimental groups were immunised with 1 × 1013 filamentous phage particles of cathepsin L1 (CL1) (TPWKDKQ), CL2 (YGSCFLR) and mixtures of CL1 + CL2 mimotopes, in combination with Quil A adjuvant, and wild-type M13KE phage in a two-vaccination scheme on weeks 0 and 4. The control group received phosphate-buffered saline. All groups were challenged with 300 metacercariae two weeks after the last immunisation and euthanised 16 weeks later. The CL1 vaccine was estimated to provide 57.58% protection compared with the control group; no effect was observed in animals immunised with CL2 and CL1 + CL2 (33.14% and 11.63%, respectively). However, animals receiving CL2 had a significant reduction in parasite egg output. Vaccinated animals showed a significant reduction in fluke length and width and wet weights. In the CL1 group, there was a significant reduction in the total biomass of parasites recovered. Egg development was divided into seven stages: dead, empty, unembryonated, cell division, eyespot, hatched and hatching. The highest percentage of developmental stages was detected for vaccinated sheep administered CL1 + CL2 with cell division, and the lowest percentage was observed in the hatching stage. Furthermore, a significant difference in all developmental stages was observed between vaccinated animals and the control group (P < 0.01). The levels of anti-phage total IgG in immune sera increased significantly at four weeks after immunisation and were always significantly higher for cathepsin L vaccine group than in the challenged control group. Total IgG was inversely and significantly correlated with worm burden in the CL1 group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abel Villa-Mancera
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco Puebla, Mexico.
| | - Yazmín Alcalá-Canto
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Reynoso-Palomar
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco Puebla, Mexico
| | - Agustín Olmedo-Juárez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad (CENID SAI-INIFAP), Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534 / Col. Progreso, A.P. 206-CIVAC, C.P. 62550 Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jaime Olivares-Pérez
- Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Ciudad Altamirano, Guerrero, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Villa-Mancera A, Alcalá-Canto Y, Olivares-Pérez J, Molina-Mendoza P, Hernández-Guzmán K, Utrera-Quintana F, Carreón-Luna L, Olmedo-Juárez A, Reynoso-Palomar A. Vaccination with cathepsin L mimotopes of Fasciola hepatica in goats reduces worm burden, morphometric measurements, and reproductive structures. Microb Pathog 2021; 155:104859. [PMID: 33845124 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fasciolosis is a worldwide emergent zoonotic disease that significantly constrains the productivity of livestock. We conducted an experimental trial with four groups of five goats each, vaccinated with 1 × 1013 phage particles of cathepsin L1 (CLI: DPWWLKQ), CL1 (SGTFLFS), and CL2 (PPIRNGK) mimotopes combined with Quil A adjuvant. Animals received a booster four weeks later. The control group received phosphate-buffered saline. All animals were infected with 200 Fasciola hepatica metacercariae at week six and euthanised 16 weeks later. The percentage of significant worm reduction in CL1 (DPWWLKQ), CL1 (SGTFLFS), and CL2 (PPIRNGK) compared to the control group were 55.40%, 70.42% (P < 0.05), and 32.39%, respectively. Vaccinated animals showed a significant reduction in faecal egg production and egg viability. A significant reduction in the total biomass of parasites recovered was observed in the CL1 (DPWWLKQ) and CL1 (SGTFLFS) groups. In goats vaccinated with CL2 (PPIRNGK), fluke length and width were smaller than those in the control group. Furthermore, animals receiving CL mimotopes showed a significant reduction in the total area of reproductive structures. Goats immunised with phage-displayed mimotopes produced significantly high titres of specific IgG1 and IgG2 isotypes, indicating a mixed Th1/Th2 response. The liver fluke burdens in goats vaccinated with CL1 (DPWWLKQ) and CL1 (SGTFLFS) were significantly correlated with IgG and IgG1 levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abel Villa-Mancera
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco, Puebla, Mexico.
| | - Yazmín Alcalá-Canto
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Delegación Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Jaime Olivares-Pérez
- Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Ciudad Altamirano, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Pedro Molina-Mendoza
- Ingeniería en Agronomía y Zootecnia, División de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad Intercultural del Estado de Puebla. Calle Principal a Lipuntahuaca S/N, Lipuntahuaca, Huehuetla, Puebla, C.P. 73475, Mexico
| | - Karina Hernández-Guzmán
- Ingeniería en Agronomía y Zootecnia, División de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad Intercultural del Estado de Puebla. Calle Principal a Lipuntahuaca S/N, Lipuntahuaca, Huehuetla, Puebla, C.P. 73475, Mexico
| | - Fernando Utrera-Quintana
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Lorenzo Carreón-Luna
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Agustín Olmedo-Juárez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad (CENID SAI-INIFAP), Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534 / Col. Progreso, C.P. 62550, Jiutepec, Morelos, A.P. 206-CIVAC, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Reynoso-Palomar
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco, Puebla, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Villa-Mancera A, Reynoso-Palomar A. The prevalence and risk factors of liver fluke infection in Mexican horses, donkeys and mules in tropical and temperate regions. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:3699-3703. [PMID: 33006039 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06910-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of Fasciola hepatica infection in horses, donkeys and mules from different climate regions in two states of Mexico. A total of 594 serum samples were analysed for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with excretory-secretory (E/S) products as the antigen. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of serum IgG ELISA were 100% and 97.2%, respectively. We collected data using a questionnaire. The overall prevalence of the parasite in equids between May 2018 and April 2019 was 13.1% (78 out of 594). The highest prevalence was found in mules (17.9%), followed by that in donkeys (13.9%) and horses (10.4%). In addition, the highest percentage of positive equines was detected in samples from the tropical climate (17.5%). The identification of risk factors was assessed by bivariate logistic regression analysis. Mules had 8.608 times higher risk for F. hepatica infections as compared with horses (odds ratio (OR) 8.608; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.809-26.377), while the OR for 6-10-year-old equines was 93.375 compared with that of young equines (≤ 5 years old) (OR 93.375; 95% CI: 11.075-787.239). Likewise, tropical climate equines had 83.7% increased odds for fasciolosis (OR 1.83).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abel Villa-Mancera
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 4 Sur 304 Col. Centro, CP 75482, Tecamachalco Puebla, Mexico.
| | - Alejandro Reynoso-Palomar
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 4 Sur 304 Col. Centro, CP 75482, Tecamachalco Puebla, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sharma N, Hunt PW, Hine BC, Ruhnke I. The impacts of Ascaridia galli on performance, health, and immune responses of laying hens: new insights into an old problem. Poult Sci 2020; 98:6517-6526. [PMID: 31504894 PMCID: PMC8914002 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal nematodes are re-emerging in countries where the popularity of free-range poultry production systems is increasing. Amongst all gastrointestinal nematodes, Ascaridia galli is of significant concern due to the parasite's direct life cycle and ability to survive extreme environmental conditions. In laying hens, A. galli parasites have been associated with reduced health, welfare, immunity, and egg production. Direct losses are caused by obstruction and damage of the intestinal tract in hens when high worm burdens are present. These result in reduction in egg production and body weight of infected laying hens, consequently leading to significant economic losses for farmers. Furthermore, heavy infections with A. galli may lead to increased mortality within the flock. Indirect losses are due to suppression of immune system function which can increase susceptibility to secondary infections. Infection with A. galli can also alter nutrient utilization and absorption. Levels of anti- A. galli serum and egg yolk antibodies increase following A. galli infection. Elevated antibodies can be used as an indicator of current or previous infections and therefore can be used as a diagnostic tool. The impact of A. galli on hen health and welfare manifests through the depletion of liver lipid reserves and increased use of energy reserves to mount immune responses against the parasite. This review highlights the variable effects of A. galli infection on the performance, health, egg quality, and emphasizes especially on immune responses of free-range laying hens as well as it evaluates various potential detection methods and preventive and control measures of this parasitic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Sharma
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale 2351, Australia.,F. D. McMaster laboratory, Chiswick, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Armidale 2350, Australia
| | - Peter W Hunt
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale 2351, Australia.,F. D. McMaster laboratory, Chiswick, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Armidale 2350, Australia
| | - Brad C Hine
- F. D. McMaster laboratory, Chiswick, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Armidale 2350, Australia
| | - Isabelle Ruhnke
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale 2351, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bulk tank milk ELISA to detect IgG1 prevalence and clustering to determine spatial distribution and risk factors of Fasciola hepatica-infected herds in Mexico. J Helminthol 2018; 93:704-710. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x18000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFasciola hepatica is a helminth parasite that causes huge economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide. Fasciolosis is an emerging foodborne zoonotic disease that affects both humans and grazing animals. This study investigated the associations between climatic/environmental factors (derived from satellite data) and management factors affecting the spatial distribution of this liver fluke in cattle herds across different climate zones in three Mexican states. A bulk-tank milk (BTM) IgG1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was used to detect F. hepatica infection levels of 717 cattle herds between January and April 2015. Management data were collected from the farms by questionnaire. The parasite's overall herd prevalence and mean optical density ratio (ODR) were 62.76% and 0.67, respectively. The presence of clustered F. hepatica infections was studied using the spatial scan statistic. Three marked clusters in the spatial distribution of the parasite were observed. Logistic regression was used to test three models of potential statistical association from the ELISA results using climatic, environmental and management variables. The final model based on climatic/environmental and management variables included the following factors: rainfall, elevation, proportion of grazed grass in the diet, contact with other herds, herd size, parasite control use and education level as significant predictors. Geostatistical kriging was applied to generate a risk map for the presence of parasites in dairy herds in Mexico. In conclusion, the spatial distribution of F. hepatica in Mexican cattle herds is influenced by multifactorial effects and should be considered in developing regionally adapted control measures.
Collapse
|