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Mi CH, Qi XY, Ding YW, Zhou J, Dao JW, Wei DX. Recent advances of medical polyhydroxyalkanoates in musculoskeletal system. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2023; 4:234-247. [PMID: 38282701 PMCID: PMC10817797 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Infection and rejection in musculoskeletal trauma often pose challenges for natural healing, prompting the exploration of biomimetic organ and tissue transplantation as a common alternative solution. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a large family of biopolyesters synthesised in microorganism, demonstrating excellent biocompatibility and controllable biodegradability for tissue remodelling and drug delivery. With different monomer-combination and polymer-types, multi-mechanical properties of PHAs making them have great application prospects in medical devices with stretching, compression, twist in long time, especially in musculoskeletal tissue engineering. This review systematically summarises the applications of PHAs in multiple tissues repair and drug release, encompassing areas such as bone, cartilage, joint, skin, tendons, ligament, cardiovascular tissue, and nervous tissue. It also discusses challenges encountered in their application, including high production costs, potential cytotoxicity, and uncontrollable particle size distribution. In conclusion, PHAs offer a compelling avenue for musculoskeletal system applications, striking a balance between biocompatibility and mechanical performance. However, addressing challenges in their production and application requires further research to unleash their full potential in tackling the complexities of musculoskeletal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hui Mi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin-Ya Qi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yan-Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jin-Wei Dao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Dehong Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Dehong Teachers’ College, Dehong, Yunnan Province , China
| | - Dai-Xu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Zigong Psychiatric Research Center, Zigong Institute of Brain Science, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Prakash P, Lee WH, Loo CY, Wong HSJ, Parumasivam T. Advances in Polyhydroxyalkanoate Nanocarriers for Effective Drug Delivery: An Overview and Challenges. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12010175. [PMID: 35010124 PMCID: PMC8746483 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are natural polymers produced under specific conditions by certain organisms, primarily bacteria, as a source of energy. These up-and-coming bioplastics are an undeniable asset in enhancing the effectiveness of drug delivery systems, which demand characteristics like non-immunogenicity, a sustained and controlled drug release, targeted delivery, as well as a high drug loading capacity. Given their biocompatibility, biodegradability, modifiability, and compatibility with hydrophobic drugs, PHAs often provide a superior alternative to free drug therapy or treatments using other polymeric nanocarriers. The many formulation methods of existing PHA nanocarriers, such as emulsion solvent evaporation, nanoprecipitation, dialysis, and in situ polymerization, are explained in this review. Due to their flexibility that allows for a vessel tailormade to its intended application, PHA nanocarriers have found their place in diverse therapy options like anticancer and anti-infective treatments, which are among the applications of PHA nanocarriers discussed in this article. Despite their many positive attributes, the advancement of PHA nanocarriers to clinical trials of drug delivery applications has been stunted due to the polymers’ natural hydrophobicity, controversial production materials, and high production costs, among others. These challenges are explored in this review, alongside their existing solutions and alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Prakash
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia;
| | - Wing-Hin Lee
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (RCMP UniKL), Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia; (W.-H.L.); (C.-Y.L.)
| | - Ching-Yee Loo
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (RCMP UniKL), Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia; (W.-H.L.); (C.-Y.L.)
| | - Hau Seung Jeremy Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia;
| | - Thaigarajan Parumasivam
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-4-6577888
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He W, Wei D, Zhang J, Huang X, He D, Liu B, Wang Q, Liu M, Liu L, Liu Y, Tian W. Novel bone repairing scaffold consisting of bone morphogenetic Protein-2 and human Beta Defensin-3. J Biol Eng 2021; 15:5. [PMID: 33557881 PMCID: PMC7871609 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-021-00258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Synthetic biomaterials assist in modulating the vascular response in an injured bone by serving as delivery vehicles of pro-angiogenic molecules to the site of injury or by serving as mimetic platforms which offer support to cell growth and proliferation. Methods This study applied natural phospholipid modified protein technologies together with low temperature three-dimensional printing technology to develop a new model of three-dimensional artificial bone scaffold for potential use in repairing body injuries. The focus was to create a porous structure (PS) scaffold of two components, Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Human Beta Defensin-3 (BMP2 and hBD3), which can synchronously realize directional bone induction, angiogenesis and postoperative antibacterial effects. BMP2 induces osteogenesis, whereas hBD3 is antibacterial. Results Our data showed that in the BMP2-hBD3-PS or hBD3-PS scaffolds, BMP2 had a slow-release rate of about 40% in 30 days, ensuring that BMP2 could penetrate into stem cells for osteogenic differentiation for a long time. The scaffolds promoted cell growth when in combination with BMP2, thus showing its importance in promoting cell growth. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) staining showed that the ALP content of BMP2-hBD3-PS and BMP2-PS had a significant increase in samples that contained BMP2, thus showing that these scaffolds promoted osteogenic differentiation. In all the constructs that had hBD3, they displayed antibacterial properties with hBD3, having a slow release of about 35% in 30 days, thus ensuring they provided protection. Conclusion Based on this study, the 3D printed BMP2 scaffolds show a great potential for the development of biodegradable bone implants. Level of evidence Level II, experimental comparative design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, 4th Medical College of Peking University, No.31 Xinjiekou East Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Daixu Wei
- Department of Biomaterials and Microorganisms, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaonan Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Da He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, 4th Medical College of Peking University, No.31 Xinjiekou East Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, 4th Medical College of Peking University, No.31 Xinjiekou East Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, 4th Medical College of Peking University, No.31 Xinjiekou East Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, 4th Medical College of Peking University, No.31 Xinjiekou East Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, 4th Medical College of Peking University, No.31 Xinjiekou East Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100035, China.
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, 4th Medical College of Peking University, No.31 Xinjiekou East Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100035, China.
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Shao XR, Lin SY, Peng Q, Shi SR, Li XL, Zhang T, Lin YF. Effect of tetrahedral DNA nanostructures on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:1809-1819. [PMID: 28259801 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are considered to be ideal stem cell sources for bone regeneration owing to their ability to differentiate into osteo-like cells. Therefore, they have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs), a new type of DNA-based biomaterials, have shown great potential for biomedical applications. In the present work, we aimed to investigate the role played by TDNs in osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of ADSCs and tried to explore if the canonical Wnt signal pathway could be the vital biological mechanism driving these cellular responses. Upon exposure to TDNs, ADSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were significantly enhanced, accompanied by the up-regulation of genes correlated with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In conclusion, our results indicate that TDNs are crucial regulators of the increase in osteogenic potential and ADSCs proliferation, and this noteworthy discovery could provide a promising novel approach toward ADSCs-based bone defect regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ru Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi-Yu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Si-Rong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-Feng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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