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Du H, Ding L, Zeng T, Li D, Liu L. LncRNA SNHG15 Modulates Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Human AC16 Cardiomyocytes Depending on the Regulation of the miR-335-3p/TLR4/NF-κB Pathway. Int Heart J 2022; 63:578-590. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.21-511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Du
- Heart Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Lianqin Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Samii Medical Center (The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenzhen)
| | - Tian Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Yibin Second People's Hospital
| | - Di Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Yibin Second People's Hospital
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2
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Ibragimova S, Ramachandran R, Ali FR, Lipovich L, Ho SB. Dietary Patterns and Associated Microbiome Changes that Promote Oncogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:725821. [PMID: 34869313 PMCID: PMC8633417 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.725821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent increases in cancer incidences have been linked to lifestyle changes that result in obesity and metabolic syndrome. It is now evident that these trends are associated with the profound changes that occur in the intestinal microbiome, producing altered microbial population signatures that interact, directly or indirectly, with potentially pro-carcinogenic molecular pathways of transcription, proliferation, and inflammation. The effects of the entire gut microbial population on overall health are complex, but individual bacteria are known to play important and definable roles. Recent detailed examinations of a large number of subjects show a tight correlation between habitual diets, fecal microbiome signatures, and markers of metabolic health. Diets that score higher in healthfulness or diversity such as plant-based diets, have altered ratios of specific bacteria, including an increase in short-chain fatty acid producers, which in turn have been linked to improved metabolic markers and lowered cancer risk. Contrarily, numerous studies have implicated less healthy, lower-scoring diets such as the Western diet with reduced intestinal epithelial defenses and promotion of specific bacteria that affect carcinogenic pathways. In this review, we will describe how different dietary patterns affect microbial populations in the gut and illustrate the subsequent impact of bacterial products and metabolites on molecular pathways of cancer development, both locally in the gut and systemically in distant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakhzada Ibragimova
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, UAE
| | - Revathy Ramachandran
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, UAE
| | - Fahad R Ali
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, UAE
| | - Leonard Lipovich
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, UAE
| | - Samuel B Ho
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, UAE.,Department of Medicine, Mediclinic City Hospital, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, UAE
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3
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Xun Y, Yang H, Kaminska B, You H. Toll-like receptors and toll-like receptor-targeted immunotherapy against glioma. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:176. [PMID: 34715891 PMCID: PMC8555307 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01191-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma represents a fast proliferating and highly invasive brain tumor which is resistant to current therapies and invariably recurs. Despite some advancements in anti-glioma therapies, patients’ prognosis remains poor. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) act as the first line of defense in the immune system being the detectors of those associated with bacteria, viruses, and danger signals. In the glioma microenvironment, TLRs are expressed on both immune and tumor cells, playing dual roles eliciting antitumoral (innate and adaptive immunity) and protumoral (cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and glioma stem cell maintenance) responses. Up to date, several TLR-targeting therapies have been developed aiming at glioma bulk and stem cells, infiltrating immune cells, the immune checkpoint axis, among others. While some TLR agonists exhibited survival benefit in clinical trials, it attracts more attention when they are involved in combinatorial treatment with radiation, chemotherapy, immune vaccination, and immune checkpoint inhibition in glioma treatment. TLR agonists can be used as immune modulators to enhance the efficacy of other treatment, to avoid dose accumulation, and what brings more interests is that they can potentiate immune checkpoint delayed resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade by upregulating PD-1/PD-L1 overexpression, thus unleash powerful antitumor responses when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Herein, we focus on recent developments and clinical trials exploring TLR-based treatment to provide a picture of the relationship between TLR and glioma and their implications for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xun
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bozena Kaminska
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, No.78 Heng-Zhi-Gang Road, Yue Xiu District, Guangzhou, 510095, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hua You
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, No.78 Heng-Zhi-Gang Road, Yue Xiu District, Guangzhou, 510095, China.
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4
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Dattaroy D, Seth RK, Sarkar S, Kimono D, Albadrani M, Chandrashekaran V, Al Hasson F, Singh UP, Fan D, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P, Diehl AM, Chatterjee S. Sparstolonin B (SsnB) attenuates liver fibrosis via a parallel conjugate pathway involving P53-P21 axis, TGF-beta signaling and focal adhesion that is TLR4 dependent. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 841:33-48. [PMID: 30194936 PMCID: PMC7193950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SsnB previously showed a promising role to lessen liver inflammation observed in a mouse model of NAFLD. Since NAFLD can progress to fibrosis, studies were designed to unravel its role in attenuating NAFLD associated fibrosis. Using both in vivo and in vitro approaches, the study probed the possible mechanisms that underlined the role of SsnB in mitigating fibrosis. Mechanistically, SsnB, a TLR4 antagonist, decreased TLR4-PI3k akt signaling by upregulating PTEN protein expression. It also decreased MDM2 protein activation and increased p53 and p21 gene and protein expression. SsnB also downregulated pro-fibrogenic hedgehog signaling pathway, inhibited hepatic stellate cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in hepatic stellate cells, a mechanism that was LPS dependent. Further, SsnB decreased fibrosis by antagonizing TLR4 induced TGFβ signaling pathway. Alternatively, SsnB augmented BAMBI (a TGFβ pseudo-receptor) expression in mice liver by inhibiting TLR4 signaling pathway and thus reduced TGFβ signaling, resulting in decreased hepatic stellate cell activation and extracellular matrix deposition. In vitro experiments on human hepatic stellate cell line showed that SsnB increased gene and protein expression of BAMBI. It also decreased nuclear co-localization of phospho SMAD2/3 and SMAD4 protein and thus attenuated TGFβ signaling in vitro. We also observed a significant decrease in phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 protein, decreased STAT3 activation, alteration of focal adhesion protein and stress fiber disassembly upon SsnB administration in hepatic stellate cells which further confirmed the antagonistic effect of SsnB on TLR4-induced fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptadip Dattaroy
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Ratanesh Kumar Seth
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Sutapa Sarkar
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Diana Kimono
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Muayad Albadrani
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Varun Chandrashekaran
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Firas Al Hasson
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Udai P. Singh
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, USC, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Anna Mae Diehl
- Division of Gastroenterology, Duke University, Durham 27707, United States
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
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5
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Moretti IF, Franco DG, de Almeida Galatro TF, Oba-Shinjo SM, Marie SKN. Plasmatic membrane toll-like receptor expressions in human astrocytomas. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199211. [PMID: 29912993 PMCID: PMC6005538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the first to identify disturbances in the immune system, recognizing pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Since the inflammation process plays an important role in several diseases, TLRs have been considered potential therapeutic targets, including treatment for cancer. However, TLRs’ role in cancer remains ambiguous. This study aims to analyze the expression levels of plasmatic cell membrane TLRs (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, and TLR6) in human astrocytomas the most prevalent tumors of CNS different grades (II-IV). We demonstrated that TLR expressions were higher in astrocytoma samples compared to non-neoplastic brain tissue. The gene and protein expressions were observed in GBM cell lines U87MG and A172, proving their presence in the tumor cells. Associated expressions between the known heterodimers TLR1-TLR2 were found in all astrocytoma grades. In GBMs, the mesenchymal subtype showed higher levels of TLR expressions in relation to classical and proneural subtypes. A strong association of TLRs with the activation of cell cycle process and signaling through canonical, inflammasome and ripoptosome pathways was observed by in silico analysis, further highlighting TLRs as interesting targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabele Fattori Moretti
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology (LIM 15), Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil
- * E-mail:
| | - Daiane Gil Franco
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology (LIM 15), Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Thais Fernanda de Almeida Galatro
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology (LIM 15), Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Sueli Mieko Oba-Shinjo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology (LIM 15), Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Suely Kazue Nagahashi Marie
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology (LIM 15), Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil
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6
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miR-25 inhibits sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by targetting PTEN. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171511. [PMID: 29440462 PMCID: PMC5897747 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the regulatory mechanism of miR-25 in sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Rats models of sepsis were established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiomyocyte was used as an in vitro model of sepsis. The expressions of miR-25, tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4), and p-p65 were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by ELISA. Cell apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d-UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The relationship between miR-25 and PTEN was measured by luciferase reporter assays. MiR-25 expression in serum of CLP rats and LPS-induced cardiomyocyte was decreased, while the contents of TNF-α and IL-6 were increased. Moreover, the expressions of PTEN, TLR4, and p-p65 in LPS-induced cardiomyocyte were significantly increased. Overexpression of miR-25 increased the survival rate of rats, inhibited LPS-increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis, reversed the increased expression of PTEN, TLR4, p-p65, TNF-α, and IL-6 induced by LPS. The luciferase assay demonstrated that PTEN was a target of miR-25. Additionally, pcDNA-PTEN reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-25 mimic on cardiomyocyte apoptosis, while TAK-242 (TLR-4 inhibitor) countered this effect. miR-25 reduced LPS-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by down-regulating PTEN/TLR4/NF-κB axis.
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