1
|
Wanionok NE, Colareda GA, Fernandez JM. In vitro effects and mechanisms of Humulus lupulus extract on bone marrow progenitor cells and endothelial cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 592:112328. [PMID: 38996835 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disorder and is associated with a high incidence of fractures. Angiogenesis and adequate blood flow are important during bone repair and maintenance. Estrogens play a key role in bone formation, in the prevention of bone resorption and vasculature maintenance. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been used with great benefits for bone fracture prevention but has been linked to the development of serious important side effects, including cancer and stroke. Phytoestrogens are an attractive alternative to HRT because their chemical structure is similar to estradiol but, they could behave as selective modulators: acting as antagonists of estrogen receptors in the breast and endometrium and as agonists in the vascular endothelium and bone. Hops contain a wide variety of phytoestrogens that have individually been shown to possess estrogenic activity by either blocking or mimicking. In this study we have to evaluate the in vitro effects and mechanisms of action of hops extracts on the osteogenic and adipogenic capacity of bone marrow progenitor cells (BMPCs), and the angiogenic potential of EA.hy926 endothelial cells. We show that hops extracts increase the proliferative capacity of BMPCs and promote their osteogenic differentiation while decreasing their pro-osteoclastogenic capacity; and that these effects are mediated by the MAPK pathway. Additionally, hops extracts prevent the adipogenic differentiation of BMPCs and promote endothelial cell activity, by mechanisms also partially mediated by MAPK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahuel E Wanionok
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatias y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)-Centro de Investigaciones Científicas (CIC), Calle 47 y 115, La Plata, (1900), Argentina
| | - Germán A Colareda
- Farmacología-GFEYEC, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Calle 47 y 115, La Plata, (1900), Argentina
| | - Juan M Fernandez
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatias y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)-Centro de Investigaciones Científicas (CIC), Calle 47 y 115, La Plata, (1900), Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The Potent Phytoestrogen 8-Prenylnaringenin: A Friend or a Foe? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063168. [PMID: 35328588 PMCID: PMC8953904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN) is a prenylated flavonoid, occurring, in particular, in hop, but also in other plants. It has proven to be one of the most potent phytoestrogens in vitro known to date, and in the past 20 years, research has unveiled new effects triggered by it in biological systems. These findings have aroused the hopes, expectations, and enthusiasm of a “wonder-drug” for a host of human diseases. However, the majority of 8-PN effects require such high concentrations that they cannot be reached by normal dietary exposure, only pharmacologically; thus, adverse impacts may also emerge. Here, we provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review on this fascinating compound, with special reference to the range of beneficial and untoward health consequences that may ensue from exposure to it.
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Qi Y, Zhou X, Yu F. Effect of 50-Hertz Sinusoidal Vibration on the Uterus in Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporotic Rats. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9619867. [PMID: 35309846 PMCID: PMC8933106 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9619867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the influence of sinusoidal vibration (50-Hertz) stimulation on the uterus of osteoporotic rats. Methods We constructed an osteoporosis rat model by ovariectomy (OVX). 36 3-month-old Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group, vibrating group, sham operation group, sham operation vibrating group, OVX group, and OVX vibrating group (n = 6 per group). Rats started to vibrate one week after the operation: one 10 minutes 50-Hertz sinusoidal vibration per day, except for Saturday and Sunday. In the second, 8, and 12 week after vibration stimulation, rats were sacrificed in batches. And then, the uteruses were taken out to measure the wet weight and calculate uterus relative wet weight. Results Compared with the control group, OVA induced a significant increase in wet weight and relative wet weight in rat uterus. The vibration was to the uterus wet weight and the uterus relative wet weight in ovariectomized rats and at the same time had no significant effect, but the 12-week prolonged vibration can significantly reduce the uterus wet weight and the uterus relative wet weight in ovariectomized rats than 2 weeks. Conclusions The uterus wet weight and the uterus relative wet weight were increased in the OVA-induced osteoporosis rats. The 50-Hertz sinusoidal vibration had no significant effect on the uterus wet weight and the uterus relative wet weight in the ovariectomized rats at the same time, but 12 weeks of vibration can significantly reduce the uterine wet weight and uterine relative wet weight of ovariectomized rats. And the uterus relative wet weight can be used as a new indicator of stimulating the uterus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Research Laboratory, School of Information Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yi Qi
- Guangdong Zhanjiang Institute of Marine Medicine, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Xianjin Zhou
- Biomedical Engineering Research Laboratory, School of Information Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - FengYan Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Portier H, Benaitreau D, Pallu S. Does Physical Exercise Always Improve Bone Quality in Rats? Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10100217. [PMID: 32977460 PMCID: PMC7598192 DOI: 10.3390/life10100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, the osteogenic effect from different physical activities on bone in rodents remained uncertain. This literature review presents for the first time the effects on five exercise models (treadmill running, wheel running, swimming, resistance training and vibration modes) in three different experimental rat groups (males, females, osteopenic) on bone quality. The bone parameters presented are bone mineral density, micro-architectural and mechanical properties, and osteoblast/osteocyte and osteoclast parameters. This review shows that physical activities have a positive effect (65% of the results) on bone status, but we clearly observed a difference amongst the different protocols. Even if treadmill running is the most used protocol, the resistance training constitutes the first exercise model in term of osteogenic effects (87% of the whole results obtained on this model). The less osteogenic model is the vibration mode procedure (31%). It clearly appears that the gender plays a role on the bone response to swimming and wheel running exercises. Besides, we did not observe negative results in the osteopenic population with impact training, wheel running and vibration activities. Moreover, about osteoblast/osteocyte parameters, we conclude that high impact and resistance exercise (such jumps and tower climbing) seems to increase bone formation more than running or aerobic exercise. Among the different protocols, literature has shown that the treadmill running procedure mainly induces osteogenic effects on the viability of the osteocyte lineage in both males and females or ovariectomized rats; running in voluntary wheels contributes to a negative effect on bone metabolism in older male models; whole-body vertical vibration is not an osteogenic exercise in female and ovariectomized rats; whereas swimming provides controversial results in female models. For osteoclast parameters only, running in a voluntary wheel for old males, the treadmill running program at high intensity in ovariectomized rats, and the swimming program in a specific ovariectomy condition have detrimental consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Portier
- Laboratoire de Biologie Bioingénierie et Bioimagerie Ostéo-Articulaire (B3OA), Université Paris, UMR CNRS 7052, INSERM U1273, 10 Av de Verdun, 75010 Paris, France;
- Collegium Science & Technique, 2 allée du château, Université d’Orléans. 45100 Orléans, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-782-309-433
| | - Delphine Benaitreau
- Collegium Science & Technique, 2 allée du château, Université d’Orléans. 45100 Orléans, France;
| | - Stéphane Pallu
- Laboratoire de Biologie Bioingénierie et Bioimagerie Ostéo-Articulaire (B3OA), Université Paris, UMR CNRS 7052, INSERM U1273, 10 Av de Verdun, 75010 Paris, France;
- Collegium Science & Technique, 2 allée du château, Université d’Orléans. 45100 Orléans, France;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tronina T, Popłoński J, Bartmańska A. Flavonoids as Phytoestrogenic Components of Hops and Beer. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184201. [PMID: 32937790 PMCID: PMC7570471 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The value of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) in beer production has been undisputed for centuries. Hops is rich in humulones and lupulones which gives the characteristic aroma and bitter taste, and preserves this golden drink against growing bacteria and molds. Besides α- and β-acids, the lupulin glands of hop cones excrete prenylated flavonoids, which exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities and therefore has therapeutic potential in humans. Recently, interest in hops was raised due to hop prenylated flavanones which show extraordinary estrogen activities. The strongest known phytoestrogen so far is 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN), which along with 6-prenylanaringenin (6-PN), 6,8-diprenylnaringenin (6,8-DPN) and 8-geranylnaringenin (8-GN) are fundamental for the potent estrogen activity of hops. This review provides insight into the unusual hop phytoestrogens and shows numerous health benefits associated with their wide spectrum of biological activities including estrogenic, anticancer, neuropreventive, antinflamatory, and antimicrobial properties, which were intensively studied, and potential applications of these compounds such as, as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy (HRT).
Collapse
|
6
|
Li XL, Sui L, Lin FH, Lian Y, Ai LZ, Zhang Y. Differential effects of genistein and 8-prenylgenistein on reproductive tissues in immature female mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57. [PMID: 30946631 PMCID: PMC6461073 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1590422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT We identified an active prenylated derivative of genistein, 8-prenylgenistein (8PG) from Erythrina variegata L. (Leguminosae) and found that 8PG increased osteoprotective effects of genistein in oestrogen-deficient mice. OBJECTIVE This study investigated and compared the oestrogenic effects of genistein and 8PG on uterus and vagina of immature mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immature female CD-1 mice were orally treated with vehicle (Control, n = 10) or genistein (75 mg/kg, n = 10) or 8PG with low (8PG-L, 75 mg/kg, n = 10) and high dose (8PG-H, 150 mg/kg, n = 10) for 7 consecutive days by intragastric gavage. The uterus and vagina were harvested for histological and molecular measurements. RESULTS Treatment with genistein and 8PG-H significantly increased uterus index (1.98 ± 0.21 & 1.49 ± 0.16 mg/g) and vagina index (3.83 ± 0.11 & 3.13 ± 0.25 mg/g) as compared to untreated control (uterus, 1.12 ± 0.13 mg/g; vagina, 2.32 ± 0.18 mg/g). Accordingly, both genistein and 8PG-H made vaginal cells keratinized and induced uterine and vaginal hypertrophy associated with the endometrial proliferation. 8PG-L did not affect oestrus cycle and histology of uterus and vagina. Treatment of immature mice with genistein or 8PG-H upregulated protein expression of oestrogen receptor-α (ER-α) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), but 8PG-L did not alter ER-α and PCNA expression in uterus and vagina. CONCLUSION This study indicated that 8-prenylgenistein exerted oestrogenic effects in immature female mice. The efficacy and safety of 8-prenylgenistein when applied in improving oestrogen deficiency-induced syndrome requires further elucidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Li
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Li Sui
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Hui Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopaedic Hospital, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Yin Lian
- Department of Orthopaedic, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopaedic Hospital, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Lian-Zhong Ai
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P. R. China
- CONTACT Yan Zhang Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Room 908, Building #12, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Komrakova M, Rechholtz C, Pohlmann N, Lehmann W, Schilling AF, Wigger R, Sehmisch S, Hoffmann DB. Effect of alendronate or 8-prenylnaringenin applied as a single therapy or in combination with vibration on muscle structure and bone healing in ovariectomized rats. Bone Rep 2019; 11:100224. [PMID: 31516917 PMCID: PMC6728878 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2019.100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonate alendronate (ALN), phytoestrogen 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN) and the whole body vibration exert a favorable effect on osteoporotic bone. However, the impact of these treatments and the combination of pharmacological therapies with biomechanical stimulation on muscle and bone has not yet been explored in detail. The effect of ALN and 8-PN and their combination with the vibration (Vib) on skeletal muscle and bone healing was investigated in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats. Three-month old rats were Ovx (n = 78), or left intact (Non-Ovx; n = 12). Five weeks after Ovx, all rats were treated according to the group assignment (n = 12/13): 1) Non-Ovx; 2) Ovx; 3) Ovx + Vib; 4) Ovx + ALN; 5) Ovx + ALN + Vib; 6): Ovx + 8-PN; 7) Ovx + 8-PN + Vib. Treatments with ALN (0.58 mg/kg BW, in food), 8-PN (1.77 mg/kg BW, daily s.c. injections) and/or with vertical vibration (0.5 mm, 35 Hz, 1 g, 15 min, 2×/day, 5×/week) were conducted for ten weeks. Nine weeks after Ovx, all rats underwent bilateral tibia osteotomy with plate osteosynthesis and were sacrificed six weeks later. Vibration increased fiber size and capillary density in muscle, enlarged callus area and width, and decreased callus density in tibia, and elevated alkaline phosphatase in serum. ALN and ALN + Vib enhanced capillarization and lactate dehydrogenase activity in muscle. In tibia, ALN slowed bone healing, ALN + Vib increased callus width and density, enhanced callus formation rate and expression of osteogenic genes. 8-PN and 8-PN + Vib decreased fiber size and increased capillary density in muscle; callus density and cortical width were reduced in tibia. Vibration worsened 8-PN effect on bone healing decreasing the callus width and area. Our data suggest that Vib, ALN, 8-PN, or 8-PN + Vib do not appear to aid bone healing. ALN + Vib improved bone healing; however application is questionable since single treatments impaired bone healing. Muscle responds to the anti-osteoporosis treatments and should be included in the evaluation of the drugs. Vibration (Vib) was beneficial for muscle structure, it tended to interfere with early bone healing. Alendronate (ALN) enhanced capillary density and metabolism in muscle, slowed bone healing. 8-Prenylnaringenin (8-PN) had favorable effects on muscle, for bone healing it was disadvantageous. 8PN + Vib further worsened 8-PN effect on bone, ALN + Vib improved bone healing. Muscles respond to anti-osteoporosis treatments, their analysis should be included in the evaluation of drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Komrakova
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - C Rechholtz
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - N Pohlmann
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - W Lehmann
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - A F Schilling
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - R Wigger
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Goettingen, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - S Sehmisch
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - D B Hoffmann
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hoffmann DB, Komrakova M, Pflug S, von Oertzen M, Saul D, Weiser L, Walde TA, Wassmann M, Schilling AF, Lehmann W, Sehmisch S. Evaluation of ostarine as a selective androgen receptor modulator in a rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Metab 2019; 37:243-255. [PMID: 29785666 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-018-0929-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) have shown beneficial effects on muscle wasting, general physical function and bone properties in male mammals. However, data on the effects of SARMs in postmenopausal osteoporotic bone are scarce. We evaluated the effects of the SARM drug ostarine on postmenopausal osteoporotic bone in a rat osteoporosis model. Ovariectomy was performed on 46 of 56 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats. Eight weeks after ovariectomy, ostarine was orally administered daily for 5 weeks in dosages of 0.04 (low, OVX + Ost. 0.04), 0.4 (intermediate, OVX + Ost. 0.4), and 4 mg/kg (high, OVX + Ost. 4) body weight. Another ovariectomized group received no ostarine. Lumbar vertebrae and femora were removed for biomechanical, gene expression, ashing, and computer tomography analyses. Low dose showed no effects. The effects of intermediate and high doses were comparable overall. Improvements were mainly seen in structural properties such as bone mineral density and bone volume density. However, the effects in femora were superior to effects in vertebrae. Ostarine treatment for 5 weeks did not improve significantly biomechanical properties. mRNA expression of the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand decreased after treatment, and uterine weight increased. Serum levels of phosphorus increased following ostarine treatment in intermediate and high-dose groups. Short-term treatment of osteoporotic bone with ostarine leads to improvement of several microstructural bone indices. While we did not observe changes in biomechanics, it is conceivable that longer treatment may also improve biomechanical properties. Further studies are needed to characterize longer time effects and side effects of ostarine in osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D B Hoffmann
- Department of Trauma-, Orthopaedic- and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - M Komrakova
- Department of Trauma-, Orthopaedic- and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - S Pflug
- Department of Trauma-, Orthopaedic- and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - M von Oertzen
- Department of Trauma-, Orthopaedic- and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - D Saul
- Department of Trauma-, Orthopaedic- and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - L Weiser
- Department of Trauma-, Orthopaedic- and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - T A Walde
- Department of Trauma-, Orthopaedic- and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - M Wassmann
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Subdivision of General Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Goettingen, Humboldallee 34a, 37073, Goettingen, Germany
| | - A F Schilling
- Department of Trauma-, Orthopaedic- and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - W Lehmann
- Department of Trauma-, Orthopaedic- and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - S Sehmisch
- Department of Trauma-, Orthopaedic- and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Saul D, Geisberg LK, Gehle T, Hoffmann DB, Tezval M, Sehmisch S, Komrakova M. Changes in Musculoskeletal System and Metabolism in Osteoporotic Rats Treated With Urocortin. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:400. [PMID: 31293517 PMCID: PMC6601316 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: In aging population, postmenopausal osteoporosis and decline of musculoskeletal function, referred to as "frailty syndrome" lead to loss of bone and muscle, causing falls, and fall-related injuries. To limit the impact of this portentous duo, simultaneous treatment of both is needed. Urocortin (UCN) has been reported to improve osteoporotic bone properties while its effect on muscle has not been addressed yet. Design and Methods: We aimed to investigate the effect of urocortin in vivo on skeletal muscle structure in osteopenic rats. Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: four were ovariectomized (OVX) and one underwent sham operation (SHAM). One ovariectomized group was left untreated (OVX), while one was treated with urocortin s.c. in 3 μg/kg body weight (bw) (OVX+UCN low), one with 30 μg/kg (OVX+UCN high), while one group was treated with estradiol orally (OVX+E: 0.2 mg/kg bw), each for 35 days. Mm. gastrocnemius, longissimus, and soleus were isolated and capillary density as well as diameters of type I and II fibers were measured. In addition, we examined the effect of UCN on tibia using biomechanical, micro-CT and ashing analysis and investigated the blood serum. Results: We demonstrated a positive effect of UCN on M. soleus, in which fiber diameter was positively influenced. The biomechanical and structural parameters of bone were not changed in UCN treated rats. The higher cholesterol, glucose and triglyceride levels in the "UCN high" group raise concern about this treatment. Conclusions: Our results portray urocortin as a substance that can be assessed for future therapeutic treatments of estrogen deficiency. New and Noteworthy: Urocortin has a positive effect on M. soleus (diameter). Urocortin raises serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Bone tissue was not affected by UCN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Saul
- Department of Trauma, Orthopedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Laura Katharina Geisberg
- Department of Trauma, Orthopedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Torben Gehle
- Department of Trauma, Orthopedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Bernd Hoffmann
- Department of Trauma, Orthopedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mohammad Tezval
- Klinik für Unfallchirurgie, Sporttraumatologie und Handchirurgie, Klinikum Vest, Recklinghausen, Germany
| | - Stephan Sehmisch
- Department of Trauma, Orthopedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marina Komrakova
- Department of Trauma, Orthopedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Marina Komrakova ; orcid.org/0000-0002-6225-4378
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Saul D, Harlas B, Ahrabi A, Kosinsky RL, Hoffmann DB, Wassmann M, Wigger R, Böker KO, Sehmisch S, Komrakova M. Effect of Strontium Ranelate on the Muscle and Vertebrae of Ovariectomized Rats. Calcif Tissue Int 2018; 102:705-719. [PMID: 29242963 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-017-0374-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is often accompanied by sarcopenia. The effect of strontium ranelate (SR) on muscle tissue has not been investigated sufficiently. In this study, the effect of different SR treatments on muscle was studied. Additionally, the lumbar vertebrae were analyzed. Three-month-old female rats were divided into five groups (n = 12): Group 1: untreated (NON-OVX); Group 2: ovariectomized and left untreated (OVX); Group 3: SR after OVX until the study ended (13 weeks, SR prophylaxis and therapy = pr+th); Group 4: OVX and SR for 8 weeks (SR prophylaxis = pr); Group 5: SR for 5 weeks from the 8 week after OVX (SR therapy = SR th). SR was applied in food (630 mg/kg body weight). The size of muscle fibers, capillary density, metabolic enzymes, and mRNA expression were assessed in soleus, gastrocnemius, and longissimus muscles. The vertebral bodies underwent micro-CT, biomechanical, and ashing analyses. In general, SR did not alter the muscle histological parameters. The changes in fiber size and capillary ratio were related to the body weight. Myostatin mRNA was decreased in Sr pr+th; protein expression was not changed. SR th led to increase in mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf-B). In lumbar spine, SR pr+th enhanced biomechanical properties, bone mineral density, trabecular area, density, and thickness and cortical density. The reduced calcium/phosphate ratio in the SR pr+th group indicates the replacement of calcium by strontium ions. SR has no adverse effects on muscle tissue and it shows a favorable time-dependent effect on vertebrae. A functional analysis of muscles could verify these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Saul
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075, Göettingen, Germany
| | - B Harlas
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075, Göettingen, Germany
| | - A Ahrabi
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075, Göettingen, Germany
| | - R L Kosinsky
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075, Göettingen, Germany
| | - D B Hoffmann
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075, Göettingen, Germany
| | - M Wassmann
- Medical Institute of General Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Goettingen, 37075, Göettingen, Germany
| | - R Wigger
- Department of Animal Science, University of Goettingen, 37075, Göettingen, Germany
| | - K O Böker
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075, Göettingen, Germany
| | - S Sehmisch
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075, Göettingen, Germany
| | - M Komrakova
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075, Göettingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Keiler AM, Helle J, Bader MI, Ehrhardt T, Nestler K, Kretzschmar G, Bernhardt R, Vollmer G, Nikolić D, Bolton JL, Pauli GF, Chen SN, Dietz BM, van Breemen RB, Zierau O. A standardized Humulus lupulus (L.) ethanol extract partially prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss in the rat without induction of adverse effects in the uterus. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 34:50-58. [PMID: 28899509 PMCID: PMC5736964 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hops (Humulus lupulus (L.)) dietary supplements are of interest as herbal remedies to alleviate menopausal symptoms, such as hot flushes, depression and anxiety. So far, the evidence regarding estrogenic and related properties of hops preparations has been considered insufficient for a market authorization for menopausal indications. PURPOSE The study aims to investigate a chemically standardized hops extract regarding its safety in the uterus, as wells as its efficacy to prevent bone loss in the ovariectomized rat model. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS Female Wistar rats were ovariectomized and divided into a control group receiving phytoestrogen-free diet, a group treated with E2benzoate (0.93 mg/kg body weight/d) and a group treated with the standardized hops extract (60 mg/kg body weight/d) for 8 weeks. Micro-computed tomography of the tibiae and vertebrae, as wells as histological changes in the uterus and tibia were analyzed. RESULTS Neither uterotrophic nor proliferative effects were observed in the endometrium in response to the oral 8-week administration of the hops extract. However, site-dependent skeletal effects were observed. The hops extract significantly decreased the number of osteoclasts in the tibial metaphysis and prevented reduction of the trabecular thickness that resulted from estradiol depletion. In contrast, the hops extract did not prevent the ovariectomy-induced micro-architectural changes in the lumbar vertebra. Certain parameters (e.g. thickness and number of trabeculae) were even found to be below the values determined in the ovariectomized control group. CONCLUSION Taken together, the results provide evidence for the safety of the standardized hops extract and point to a weak bone type-specific, protective effect on bone loss following estradiol depletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annekathrin M Keiler
- Institute of Doping Analysis and Sports Biochemistry Dresden, 01731 Kreischa, Germany; Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Janina Helle
- Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Manuela I Bader
- Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Tino Ehrhardt
- Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kristin Nestler
- Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Georg Kretzschmar
- Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ricardo Bernhardt
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Günter Vollmer
- Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dejan Nikolić
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Judy L Bolton
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guido F Pauli
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Birgit M Dietz
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Richard B van Breemen
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Oliver Zierau
- Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Saul D, Gleitz S, Nguyen HH, Kosinsky RL, Sehmisch S, Hoffmann DB, Wassmann M, Menger B, Komrakova M. Effect of the lipoxygenase-inhibitors baicalein and zileuton on the vertebra in ovariectomized rats. Bone 2017; 101:134-144. [PMID: 28455215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is one of the most common diseases worldwide. In osteoporosis, vertebral fractures represent a major burden. Lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitors such as baicalein and zileuton may represent a promising therapeutic option owing to their antioxidative effects and suppression of various inflammatory processes in muscle and bone. The effect of these LOX inhibitors on the spine was studied in osteopenic rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided two times into five groups: four groups each were ovariectomized (OVX) and one control group was non-ovariectomized (NON-OVX). Eight weeks after ovariectomy, three concentrations of baicalein (1mg/kg body weight [BW], 10mg/kgBW, and 100mg/kgBW) were administered subcutaneously daily in three OVX groups for 4weeks. Similarly, zileuton was administered in three concentrations via food for 5weeks. In vivo computed tomography (pQCT) of the spine was performed before the treatments and at the end of the experiment. Lumbar vertebrae were subjected to a compression test, micro-CT, and ashing analyses. After baicalein treatment, cortical bone mineral density (BMD) was improved; trabecular connectivity and trabecular BMD were diminished at high dose. After zileuton treatment, the total BMD, anorganic weight, trabecular nodes, and trabecular area were improved. The in vivo stress-strain index was increased and alkaline phosphatase activity in serum was enhanced after both treatments. A dose-dependent effect was not clearly observed after both treatments. The treatments using baicalein for 4 and zileuton for 5weeks were not sufficient to change the biomechanical properties and bone volume fraction (BV/TV). Overall, baicalein improved the cortical bone parameters whereas zileuton had a favorable effect on the trabecular structure. Moreover, both treatments increased the bone formation rate. Longer trials, a combination of both LOX inhibitors, and their effect at the cellular and molecular levels should be investigated in further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Saul
- Department of Trauma, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - S Gleitz
- Department of Trauma, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - H H Nguyen
- Department of Trauma, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - R L Kosinsky
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - S Sehmisch
- Department of Trauma, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - D B Hoffmann
- Department of Trauma, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - M Wassmann
- Medical Institute of General Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - B Menger
- Department of Trauma, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - M Komrakova
- Department of Trauma, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|