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Xiao Y, Xu RH, Dai Y. Nanoghosts: Harnessing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Membrane for Construction of Drug Delivery Platforms Via Optimized Biomimetics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304824. [PMID: 37653618 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are becoming hotspots for application in disease therapies recently, combining with biomaterials and drug delivery system. A major advantage of MSCs applied in drug delivery system is that these cells enable specific targeting and releasing of cargos to the disease sites. However, the potential tumor tropic effects of MSCs raised concerns on biosafety. To solve this problem, there are emerging methods of isolating cell membranes and developing nanoformulations to perform drug delivery, which avoids concerns on biosafety without disturbing the membrane functions of specific polarizing and locating. These cargoes are so called "nanoghosts." This review article summarizes the current applications of nanoghosts, the promising potential of MSCs to be applied in membrane isolation and nanoghost construction, and possible approaches to develop better drug delivery system harnessing from MSC ghost cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xiao
- Faculty of Health Sciences and MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Faculty of Health Sciences and MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Yunlu Dai
- Faculty of Health Sciences and MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
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2
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Yakubovich E, Cook DP, Rodriguez GM, Vanderhyden BC. Mesenchymal ovarian cancer cells promote CD8 + T cell exhaustion through the LGALS3-LAG3 axis. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2023; 9:61. [PMID: 38086828 PMCID: PMC10716312 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-023-00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells often metastasize by undergoing an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Although abundance of CD8+ T-cells in the tumor microenvironment correlates with improved survival, mesenchymal cancer cells acquire greater resistance to antitumor immunity in some cancers. We hypothesized the EMT modulates the immune response to ovarian cancer. Here we show that cancer cells from infiltrated/inflamed tumors possess more mesenchymal cells, than excluded and desert tumors. We also noted high expression of LGALS3 is associated with EMT in vivo, a finding validated with in vitro EMT models. Dissecting the cellular communications among populations in the tumor revealed that mesenchymal cancer cells in infiltrated tumors communicate through LGALS3 to LAG3 receptor expressed by CD8+ T cells. We found CD8+ T cells express high levels of LAG3, a marker of T cell exhaustion. The results indicate that EMT in ovarian cancer cells promotes interactions between cancer cells and T cells through the LGALS3 - LAG3 axis, which could increase T cell exhaustion in infiltrated tumors, dampening antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Yakubovich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Center for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - David P Cook
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Galaxia M Rodriguez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Barbara C Vanderhyden
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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3
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Afkhami H, Mahmoudvand G, Fakouri A, Shadab A, Mahjoor M, Komeili Movahhed T. New insights in application of mesenchymal stem cells therapy in tumor microenvironment: pros and cons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1255697. [PMID: 37849741 PMCID: PMC10577325 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1255697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely accepted as a useful tool for cell-based therapy of various diseases including malignancies. The therapeutic effects of MSCs are mainly attributed to their immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive properties. Despite the promising outcomes of MSCs in cancer therapy, a growing body of evidence implies that MSCs also show tumorigenic properties in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which might lead to tumor induction and progression. Owing to the broad-spectrum applications of MSCs, this challenge needs to be tackled so that they can be safely utilized in clinical practice. Herein, we review the diverse activities of MSCs in TME and highlight the potential methods to convert their protumorigenic characteristics into onco-suppressive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Afkhami
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Mahmoudvand
- Student Research Committee, USERN Office, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Arshia Fakouri
- Student Research Committee, USERN Office, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Alireza Shadab
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Iran University of Medical Sciences, Deputy of Health, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Mahjoor
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Czajka-Francuz P, Prendes MJ, Mankan A, Quintana Á, Pabla S, Ramkissoon S, Jensen TJ, Peiró S, Severson EA, Achyut BR, Vidal L, Poelman M, Saini KS. Mechanisms of immune modulation in the tumor microenvironment and implications for targeted therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1200646. [PMID: 37427115 PMCID: PMC10325690 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1200646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of cancer therapies is limited to a great extent by immunosuppressive mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Numerous immune escape mechanisms have been identified. These include not only processes associated with tumor, immune or stromal cells, but also humoral, metabolic, genetic and epigenetic factors within the TME. The identification of immune escape mechanisms has enabled the development of small molecules, nanomedicines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell and epigenetic therapies that can reprogram the TME and shift the host immune response towards promoting an antitumor effect. These approaches have translated into series of breakthroughs in cancer therapies, some of which have already been implemented in clinical practice. In the present article the authors provide an overview of some of the most important mechanisms of immunosuppression within the TME and the implications for targeted therapies against different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ángela Quintana
- Breast Cancer Unit, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Peiró
- Breast Cancer Unit, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Kamal S. Saini
- Fortrea, Inc., Durham, NC, United States
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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5
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Endogenous IL-1 receptor antagonist restricts healthy and malignant myeloproliferation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:12. [PMID: 36596811 PMCID: PMC9810723 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we explored the role of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) repressor cytokine, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1rn), in both healthy and abnormal hematopoiesis. Low IL-1RN is frequent in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and represents a prognostic marker of reduced survival. Treatments with IL-1RN and the IL-1β monoclonal antibody canakinumab reduce the expansion of leukemic cells, including CD34+ progenitors, in AML xenografts. In vivo deletion of IL-1rn induces hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation into the myeloid lineage and hampers B cell development via transcriptional activation of myeloid differentiation pathways dependent on NFκB. Low IL-1rn is present in an experimental model of pre-leukemic myelopoiesis, and IL-1rn deletion promotes myeloproliferation, which relies on the bone marrow hematopoietic and stromal compartments. Conversely, IL-1rn protects against pre-leukemic myelopoiesis. Our data reveal that HSC differentiation is controlled by balanced IL-1β/IL-1rn levels under steady-state, and that loss of repression of IL-1β signaling may underlie pre-leukemic lesion and AML progression.
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6
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Kitaeva KV, Chulpanova DS, Zhuravleva MN, Filin IY, Deviatiiarov RM, Ballard-Reisch AC, Rizvanov AA, Solovyeva VV. Characteristics and Resistance to Cisplatin of Human Neuroblastoma Cells Co-Cultivated with Immune and Stromal Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:655. [PMID: 36354566 PMCID: PMC9687654 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the features of the morphology and cytokine profiles of neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (BM-MSCs), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in double (BM-MSCs + SH-SY5Y cells) and triple (BM-MSCs + SH-SY5Y cells + PBMCs) co-cultures incubated on plastic and Matrigel. Cells in the co-cultures communicated by vesicular transport and by exchanging membrane and cytoplasmic components. The cytokine profile of double and triple co-cultures incubated on Matrigel and plastic had differences and showed the highest concentration of a number of chemokines/cytokines, such as CXCL8/IL-8, I-TAC/CXCL11, IP10/CXCL10, MDC/CCL22, MIP-1α/CCL3, IL-1β, ENA-78/CXCL5, Gro-α/CXCL1, MCP-1/CCL2, TERC/CCL25, CXCL8/IL-8, and IL-6. High concentrations of inflammatory chemokines/cytokines in the conditioned medium of triple co-culture form a chronic inflammation, which brings the presented co-cultivation system closer to a natural tumor. Triple co-cultures were more resistant to cisplatin (CDDP) than the double- and monoculture of SH-SY5Y. The mRNA levels of BCL2, BCL2L1, RAC1, CAV1, CASP3, and BAX genes were changed in cells after co-culturing and CDDP treatment in double and triple co-cultures. The expression of the BCL2, BAX, CAV1, and CASP3 proteins in SH-SY5Y cells after the triple co-culture and CAV1 and BAX protein expression in SH-SY5Y cells after the double co-culture were determined. This study demonstrated the nature of the cellular interactions between components of tumor niche and the intercellular influence on chemoresistance observed in our tumor model, which should enable the development of novel test systems for anti-tumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Valeriya V. Solovyeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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7
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Che Z, Ye Z, Zhang X, Lin B, Yang W, Liang Y, Zeng J. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in the pathogenesis and regenerative therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:952071. [PMID: 35990688 PMCID: PMC9386516 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.952071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) represent a group of chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract including ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn’s disease (CD), and unclassified IBDs. The pathogenesis of IBDs is related to genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and dysbiosis that can lead to the dysfunction of immune responses and dysregulated homeostasis of local mucosal tissues characterized by severe inflammatory responses and tissue damage in GI tract. To date, extensive studies have indicated that IBDs cannot be completely cured and easy to relapse, thus prompting researchers to find novel and more effective therapeutics for this disease. Due to their potent multipotent differentiation and immunomodulatory capabilities, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) not only play an important role in regulating immune and tissue homeostasis but also display potent therapeutic effects on various inflammatory diseases, including IBDs, in both preclinical and clinical studies. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview on the pathological mechanisms, the currently available therapeutics, particularly, the potential application of MSCs-based regenerative therapy for IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengping Che
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Department of Pathology, Dongguan Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Binhaiwan Central Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Ziyu Ye
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Bihua Lin
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Research for Department of Education of Guangdong Province, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Weiqing Yang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yanfang Liang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Department of Pathology, Dongguan Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Binhaiwan Central Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan, China
- *Correspondence: Jincheng Zeng, ; Yanfang Liang,
| | - Jincheng Zeng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Research for Department of Education of Guangdong Province, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Dongguan Metabolite Analysis Engineering Technology Center of Cells for Medical Use, Guangdong Xinghai Institute of Cell, Dongguan, China
- *Correspondence: Jincheng Zeng, ; Yanfang Liang,
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8
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Mun JY, Leem SH, Lee JH, Kim HS. Dual Relationship Between Stromal Cells and Immune Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:864739. [PMID: 35464435 PMCID: PMC9019709 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and is comprised of different components, including tumor cells, stromal cells, and immune cells. Among them, the relationship between each mediator involved in the construction of the TME can be understood by focusing on the secreting or expressing factors from each cells. Therefore, understanding the various interactions between each cellular component of the TME is necessary for precise therapeutic approaches. In carcinoma, stromal cells are well known to influence extracellular matrix (ECM) formation and tumor progression through multiple mediators. Immune cells respond to tumor cells by causing cytotoxicity or inflammatory responses. However, they are involved in tumor escape through immunoregulatory mechanisms. In general, anti-cancer therapy has mainly been focused on cancer cells themselves or the interactions between cancer cells and specific cell components. However, cancer cells directly or indirectly influence other TME partners, and members such as stromal cells and immune cells also participate in TME organization through their mutual communication. In this review, we summarized the relationship between stromal cells and immune cells in the TME and discussed the positive and negative relationships from the point of view of tumor development for use in research applications and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Yeon Mun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Leem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Soon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
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9
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Ray SK, Mukherjee S. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Umbilical Cord Blood having Excellent Stemness Properties with Therapeutic Benefits - a New Era in Cancer Treatment. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 17:328-338. [PMID: 35469574 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220425102154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most promising candidates for cellular therapies, and most therapeutic applications have focused on MSCs produced from adult bone marrow, despite mounting evidence that MSCs are present in a wide range of conditions. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a valuable source of hematopoietic stem cells, but its therapeutic potential extends beyond the hematopoietic component, which also suggests solid organ regenerative potential. With potential ranging from embryonic-like to lineage-committed progenitor cells, many different stems and progenitor cell populations have been postulated. MSC is currently inferred by numerous clinical applications for human UCB. aAs stem cell therapy kicks off some new research and these cells show such a boon to stem cell therapy, it is nevertheless characteristic that the prospect of UCB conservation is gaining momentum. Taken together, the experience described here shows that MSCs derived from UCB are seen as attractive therapeutic candidates for various human disorders including cancer. It is argued that a therapeutic stem cell transplant, using stem cells from UCB, provides a reliable repository of early precursor cells that can be useful in a large number of different conditions, considering issues of safety, availability, transplant methodology, rejection, and side effects. In particular, we focus on the concept of isolation and expansion, comparing the phenotype with MSC derived from the UCB, describing the ability to differentiate, and lastly, the therapeutic potential concerning stromal support, stemness characteristic, immune modulation, and cancer stem cell therapy. Thus it is an overview of the therapeutic application of UCB derived MSCs, with a special emphasis on cancer. Besides, the current evidence on the double-edged sword of MSCs in cancer treatment and the latest advances in UCB-derived MSC in cancer research will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sukhes Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh-462020, India
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10
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Zhao L, Zhang K, He H, Yang Y, Li W, Liu T, Li J. The Relationship Between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Tumor Dormancy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:731393. [PMID: 34712663 PMCID: PMC8545891 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.731393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor dormancy, a state of tumor, is clinically undetectable and the outgrowth of dormant tumor cells into overt metastases is responsible for cancer-associated deaths. However, the dormancy-related molecular mechanism has not been clearly described. Some researchers have proposed that cancer stem cells (CSCs) and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) can be seen as progenitor cells of tumor dormancy, both of which can remain dormant in a non-permissive soil/niche. Nowadays, research interest in the cancer biology field is skyrocketing as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of regulating tumor dormancy, which will provide a unique therapeutic window to cure cancer. Although the influence of MSCs on tumor dormancy has been investigated in previous studies, there is no thorough review on the relationship between MSCs and tumor dormancy. In this paper, the root of tumor dormancy is analyzed and dormancy-related molecular mechanisms are summarized. With an emphasis on the role of the MSCs during tumor dormancy, new therapeutic strategies to prevent metastatic disease are proposed, whose clinical application potentials are discussed, and some challenges and prospects of the studies of tumor dormancy are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxian Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu He
- Operating Theater and Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongping Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tongjun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiannan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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11
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Yang Y, Islam MS, Hu Y, Chen X. TNFR2: Role in Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy. Immunotargets Ther 2021; 10:103-122. [PMID: 33907692 PMCID: PMC8071081 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s255224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including anti-CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4) and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 (programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1), represent a turning point in the cancer immunotherapy. However, only a minor fraction of patients could derive benefit from such therapy. Therefore, new strategies targeting additional immune regulatory mechanisms are urgently needed. CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) represent a major cellular mechanism in cancer immune evasion. There is compelling evidence that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor type II (TNFR2) plays a decisive role in the activation and expansion of Tregs and other types of immunosuppressive cells such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Furthermore, TNFR2 is also expressed by some tumor cells. Emerging experimental evidence indicates that TNFR2 may be a therapeutic target to enhance naturally occurring or immunotherapeutic-triggered anti-tumor immune responses. In this article, we discuss recent advances in the understanding of the mechanistic basis underlying the Treg-boosting effect of TNFR2. The role of TNFR2-expressing highly suppressive Tregs in tumor immune evasion and their possible contribution to the non-responsiveness to checkpoint treatment are analyzed. Moreover, the role of TNFR2 expression on tumor cells and the impact of TNFR2 signaling on other types of cells that shape the immunological landscape in the tumor microenvironment, such as MDSCs, MSCs, ECs, EPCs, CD8+ CTLs, and NK cells, are also discussed. The reports revealing the effect of TNFR2-targeting pharmacological agents in the experimental cancer immunotherapy are summarized. We also discuss the potential opportunities and challenges for TNFR2-targeting immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Md Sahidul Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, 999078, People's Republic of China
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12
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Beldi G, Bahiraii S, Lezin C, Nouri Barkestani M, Abdelgawad ME, Uzan G, Naserian S. TNFR2 Is a Crucial Hub Controlling Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biological and Functional Properties. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:596831. [PMID: 33344453 PMCID: PMC7746825 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.596831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have drawn lots of attention as gold standard stem cells in fundamental and clinical researches during the last 20 years. Due to their tissue and vascular repair capacities, MSCs have been used to treat a variety of degenerative disorders. Moreover, MSCs are able to modulate immune cells’ functions, particularly T cells while inducing regulatory T cells (iTregs). MSCs are very sensitive to inflammatory signals. Their biological functions could remarkably vary after exposure to different pro-inflammatory cytokines, notably TNFα. In this article, we have explored the importance of TNFR2 expression in a series of MSCs’ biological and functional properties. Thus, MSCs from wild-type (WT) and TNFR2 knockout (TNFR2 KO) mice were isolated and underwent several ex vivo experiments to investigate the biological significance of TNFR2 molecule in MSC main functions. Hampering in TNFR2 signaling resulted in reduced MSC colony-forming units and proliferation rate and diminished the expression of all MSC characteristic markers such as stem cell antigen-1 (Sca1), CD90, CD105, CD44, and CD73. TNFR2 KO-MSCs produced more pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNFα, IFNγ, and IL-6 and less anti-inflammatory mediators such as IL-10, TGFβ, and NO and induced Tregs with less suppressive effect. Furthermore, the TNFR2 blockade remarkably decreased MSC regenerative functions such as wound healing, complex tube formation, and endothelial pro-angiogenic support. Therefore, our results reveal the TNFα–TNFR2 axis as a crucial regulator of MSC immunological and regenerative functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Beldi
- INSERM UMR-S-MD 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - Sheyda Bahiraii
- INSERM UMR-S-MD 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chloé Lezin
- INSERM UMR-S-MD 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Mohamed Essameldin Abdelgawad
- INSERM UMR-S-MD 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France.,Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Georges Uzan
- INSERM UMR-S-MD 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - Sina Naserian
- INSERM UMR-S-MD 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France.,CellMedEx, Saint Maur Des Fossés, France
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13
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Zhao R, Chen X, Song H, Bie Q, Zhang B. Dual Role of MSC-Derived Exosomes in Tumor Development. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8844730. [PMID: 32963552 PMCID: PMC7499322 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8844730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a class of adult stem cells derived from the mesoderm. They can self-renew, have multidirectional differentiation potential, and can differentiate into a variety of mesenchymal tissues. MSCs can produce a large number of exosomes, which can mediate information exchange and transmission between cells in the tumor microenvironment under conditions of rest or stress. Recent studies have reported conflicting findings regarding the effect of MSC-derived exosomes on tumors. Some studies have suggested that MSC-derived exosomes can promote tumor growth and metastasis, but others have reported that they can inhibit tumor cell growth. Here, we investigate the two sides of the debate regarding the effect of MSC-derived exosomes on tumors and analyze the reasons for the divergent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
- Department of Microbiology, Qingdao University Life Science College, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xinke Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Qingli Bie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
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14
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Han P, Cao P, Hu S, Kong K, Deng Y, Zhao B, Li F. Esophageal Microenvironment: From Precursor Microenvironment to Premetastatic Niche. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:5857-5879. [PMID: 32765088 PMCID: PMC7371556 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s258215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth most deadly cancer, and its incidence is still increasing year by year. Although the researches on the molecular mechanisms of EC have been widely carried out and incremental progress has been made, its overall survival rate is still low. There is cumulative evidence showing that the esophageal microenvironment plays a vital role in the development of EC. In precancerous lesions of the esophagus, high-risk environmental factors can promote the development of precancerous lesions by inducing the production of inflammatory factors and the recruitment of immune cells. In the tumor microenvironment, tumor-promoting cells can inhibit anti-tumor immunity and promote tumor progression through a variety of pathways, such as bone marrow-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and regulatory T cells (Tregs). The formation of extracellular hypoxia and acidic microenvironment and the change of extracellular matrix stiffness are also important factors affecting tumor progression and metastasis. Simultaneously, primary tumor-derived cytokines and bone marrow-derived immune cells can also promote the formation of pre-metastasis niche of EC lymph nodes, which are beneficial to EC lymph node metastasis. Further research on the specific mechanism of these processes in the occurrence, development, and metastasis of each EC subtype will support us to grasp the overall pre-cancerous prevention, targeted treatment, and metastatic assessment of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangle Kong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
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15
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Kitaeva KV, Rutland CS, Rizvanov AA, Solovyeva VV. Cell Culture Based in vitro Test Systems for Anticancer Drug Screening. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:322. [PMID: 32328489 PMCID: PMC7160228 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new high-tech systems for screening anticancer drugs is one of the main problems of preclinical screening. Poor correlation between preclinical in vitro and in vivo data with clinical trials remains a major concern. The choice of the correct tumor model at the stage of in vitro testing provides reduction in both financial and time costs during later stages due to the timely screening of ineffective agents. In view of the growing incidence of oncology, increasing the pace of the creation, development and testing of new antitumor agents, the improvement and expansion of new high-tech systems for preclinical in vitro screening is becoming very important. The pharmaceutical industry presently relies on several widely used in vitro models, including two-dimensional models, three-dimensional models, microfluidic systems, Boyden's chamber and models created using 3D bioprinting. This review outlines and describes these tumor models including their use in research, in addition to their characteristics. This review therefore gives an insight into in vitro based testing which is of interest to researchers and clinicians from differing fields including pharmacy, preclinical studies and cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina V. Kitaeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Catrin S. Rutland
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Albert A. Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Valeriya V. Solovyeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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16
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Advances in pathogenic mechanisms and management of radiation-induced fibrosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 121:109560. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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17
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Zheng R, Chen G, Li X, Wei X, Liu C, Derwahl M. Effect of IL-6 on proliferation of human thyroid anaplastic cancer stem cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:3992-4001. [PMID: 31933795 PMCID: PMC6949779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of IL-6 on the proliferation of thyroid cancer stem cells. METHODS HTh74 and HTh74R thyroid cancer stem cells were cultured. The proliferation of thyroid cancer stem cells after IL-6 treatment was assessed by the MTT method. The effect of IL-6 on colony formation was observed by colony formation experiments. The expression of OCT4, ABCG2, CD133, and EMT markers was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS IL-6 promoted the proliferation of HTh74 and HTh74R thyroid cancer stem cells and enhanced sphere formation. However, anti-IL-6 inhibited the proliferation of cancer stem cells. IL-6 promoted colony formation by HTh74 and HTh74R cells and enhanced the expression of stem cell genes OCT4 and ABCG2. The expression of EMT markers E-cadherin was significantly decreased but the expression of vimentin and Snail was increased by IL-6 treatment. CONCLUSIONS IL-6 promoted proliferation of thyroid cancer stem cells and colony formation, and increased characteristics of thyroid cancer stem cells and EMT. The proliferative effect of thyroid cancer stem cells depends on activation of the IL6/JAK1/STAT3 pathway. These effects may contribute to the development and metastasis of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rendong Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Guofang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Xingjia Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Michael Derwahl
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, St. Hedwig Hospital, Charite, University MedicineBerlin, Germany
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18
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Rahmatizadeh F, Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz S, Khodadadi K, Lale Ataei M, Ebrahimie E, Soleimani Rad J, Pashaiasl M. Bidirectional and Opposite Effects of Naïve Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Tumor Growth and Progression. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 9:539-558. [PMID: 31857958 PMCID: PMC6912184 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has long been considered as a heterogeneous population of uncontrolled proliferation of
different transformed cell types. The recent findings concerning tumorigeneses have highlighted
the fact that tumors can progress through tight relationships among tumor cells, cellular, and
non-cellular components which are present within tumor tissues. In recent years, studies have
shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are essential components of non-tumor cells within
the tumor tissues that can strongly affect tumor development. Several forms of MSCs have been
identified within tumor stroma. Naïve (innate) mesenchymal stem cells (N-MSCs) derived from
different sources are mostly recruited into the tumor stroma. N-MSCs exert dual and divergent
effects on tumor growth through different conditions and factors such as toll-like receptor
priming (TLR-priming), which is the primary underlying causes of opposite effects. Moreover,
MSCs also have the contrary effects by various molecular mechanisms relying on direct cellto-
cell connections and indirect communications through the autocrine, paracrine routes, and
tumor microenvironment (TME).
Overall, cell-based therapies will hold great promise to provide novel anticancer treatments.
However, the application of intact MSCs in cancer treatment can theoretically cause adverse
clinical outcomes. It is essential that to extensively analysis the effective factors and conditions
in which underlying mechanisms are adopted by MSCs when encounter with cancer.
The aim is to review the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the dual effects of
MSCs followed by the importance of polarization of MSCs through priming of TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faramarz Rahmatizadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Khodadad Khodadadi
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maryam Lale Ataei
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jafar Soleimani Rad
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Pashaiasl
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.,Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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19
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Loh HY, Norman BP, Lai KS, Rahman NMANA, Alitheen NBM, Osman MA. The Regulatory Role of MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4940. [PMID: 31590453 PMCID: PMC6801796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules which function as critical post-transcriptional gene regulators of various biological functions. Generally, miRNAs negatively regulate gene expression by binding to their selective messenger RNAs (mRNAs), thereby leading to either mRNA degradation or translational repression, depending on the degree of complementarity with target mRNA sequences. Aberrant expression of these miRNAs has been linked etiologically with various human diseases including breast cancer. Different cellular pathways of breast cancer development such as cell proliferation, apoptotic response, metastasis, cancer recurrence and chemoresistance are regulated by either the oncogenic miRNA (oncomiR) or tumor suppressor miRNA (tsmiR). In this review, we highlight the current state of research into miRNA involved in breast cancer, with particular attention to articles published between the years 2000 to 2019, using detailed searches of the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The post-transcriptional gene regulatory roles of various dysregulated miRNAs in breast cancer and their potential as therapeutic targets are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yi Loh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Brendan P Norman
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK.
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, UAE.
| | - Nik Mohd Afizan Nik Abd Rahman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Noorjahan Banu Mohamed Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Azuraidi Osman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
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20
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Roma-Rodrigues C, Pombo I, Raposo L, Pedrosa P, Fernandes AR, Baptista PV. Nanotheranostics Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:197. [PMID: 31475143 PMCID: PMC6703081 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is considered the most aggressive malignancy to humans, and definitely the major cause of death worldwide. Despite the different and heterogenous presentation of the disease, there are pivotal cell elements involved in proliferation, differentiation, and immortalization, and ultimately the capability to evade treatment strategies. This is of utmost relevance when we are just beginning to grasp the complexity of the tumor environment and the molecular "evolution" within. The tumor micro-environment (TME) is thought to provide for differentiation niches for clonal development that results in tremendous cancer heterogeneity. To date, conventional cancer therapeutic strategies against cancer are failing to tackle the intricate interplay of actors within the TME. Nanomedicine has been proposing innovative strategies to tackle this TME and the cancer cells that simultaneously provide for biodistribution and/or assessment of action. These nanotheranostics systems are usually multi-functional nanosystems capable to carry and deliver active cargo to the site of interest and provide diagnostics capability, enabling early detection, and destruction of cancer cells in a more selective way. Some of the most promising multifunctional nanosystems are based on gold nanoparticles, whose physic-chemical properties have prompt for the development of multifunctional, responsive nanomedicines suitable for combinatory therapy and theranostics. Herein, we shall focus on the recent developments relying on the properties of gold nanoparticles as the basis for nanotheranostics systems against the heterogeneity within the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Pedro V. Baptista
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Costa da Caparica, Portugal
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21
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22
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Targeting Tumor Microenvironment for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040840. [PMID: 30781344 PMCID: PMC6413095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 717] [Impact Index Per Article: 143.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer development is highly associated to the physiological state of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Despite the existing heterogeneity of tumors from the same or from different anatomical locations, common features can be found in the TME maturation of epithelial-derived tumors. Genetic alterations in tumor cells result in hyperplasia, uncontrolled growth, resistance to apoptosis, and metabolic shift towards anaerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect). These events create hypoxia, oxidative stress and acidosis within the TME triggering an adjustment of the extracellular matrix (ECM), a response from neighbor stromal cells (e.g., fibroblasts) and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages), inducing angiogenesis and, ultimately, resulting in metastasis. Exosomes secreted by TME cells are central players in all these events. The TME profile is preponderant on prognosis and impacts efficacy of anti-cancer therapies. Hence, a big effort has been made to develop new therapeutic strategies towards a more efficient targeting of TME. These efforts focus on: (i) therapeutic strategies targeting TME components, extending from conventional therapeutics, to combined therapies and nanomedicines; and (ii) the development of models that accurately resemble the TME for bench investigations, including tumor-tissue explants, “tumor on a chip” or multicellular tumor-spheroids.
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23
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Herheliuk T, Perepelytsina O, Ostapchenko L, Sydorenko M. The Effect of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Derivatives on the Properties of Breast Cancer Cells in vitro and in vivo. CYTOL GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452718040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Mobilized Peripheral Blood versus Cord Blood: Insight into the Distinct Role of Proinflammatory Cytokines on Survival, Clonogenic Ability, and Migration of CD34 + Cells. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:5974613. [PMID: 30116149 PMCID: PMC6079419 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5974613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation may play a role in cancer. However, the contribution of cytokine-mediated crosstalk between normal hemopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and their (inflammatory) microenvironment is largely elusive. Here we compared survival, phenotype, and function of neonatal (umbilical cord blood (CB)) and adult (normal G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood (mPB)) CD34+ cells after in vitro exposure to combined crucial inflammatory factors such as interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, or tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1). To mimic bone marrow (BM) niche, coculture experiments with normal BM stromal cells (BMSCs) were also performed. We found that combined inflammatory cytokines increased only the in vitro survival of CB-derived CD34+ cells by reducing apoptosis. Conversely, selected combinations of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β + TNF-α, IL-6 + TNF-α, and IL-1β + TNF-α + TIMP-1) mainly enhanced the in vitro CXCR4-driven migration of mPB-derived CD34+ cells. TNF-α, alone or in combination, upregulated CD44 and CD13 expression in both sources. Finally, BMSCs alone increased survival/migration of CB- and mPB-derived CD34+ cells at the same extent of the combined inflammatory cytokines; importantly, their copresence did not show additive/synergistic effect. Taken together, these data indicate that combined proinflammatory stimuli promote distinct in vitro functional activation of neonatal or adult normal HSPCs.
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25
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Byun JS, Park S, Caban A, Jones A, Gardner K. Linking Race, Cancer Outcomes, and Tissue Repair. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 188:317-328. [PMID: 29137950 PMCID: PMC5785534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The burden of cancer in the United States is unevenly spread across its different populations, with stark differences in both disease prevalence and outcome on the basis of race and ethnicity. Although a large portion of these differences can be explained by a variety of sociobehavioral and socioeconomic factors, even after these exposures are taken into consideration, considerable disparities persist. In this review, we explore a conceptual framework of biological theories and unifying concepts, based on an evolutionary perspective, that may help better define common guiding principles for exploration of underlying causes of cancer health disparities. The ultimate goal of this conceptual perspective is to outline approaches that may aid in establishing integrated pathway and processes analyses to provide useful insights to guide the development of future interventions. These interventions will improve outcome, increase prevention, and ultimately eliminate all disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung S Byun
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Samson Park
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ambar Caban
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alana Jones
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kevin Gardner
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, Maryland; Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
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26
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Trivanović D, Krstić J, Jauković A, Bugarski D, Santibanez JF. Mesenchymal stromal cell engagement in cancer cell epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Dev Dyn 2017; 247:359-367. [PMID: 28850772 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to coexistence of stromal and epithelial tumor cells, their dynamic interactions have been widely recognized as significant cellular components to the tumor tissue integrity. Initiation and outcome of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumor cells are dependent on their interaction with adjacent or recruited mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). A plethora of mechanisms are involved in MSCs-controlled employment of the developmental processes of EMT that contribute to loss of epithelial cell phenotype and acquisition of stemness, invasiveness and chemoresistance of tumor cells. Interplay of MSCs with tumor cells, including interchange of soluble biomolecules, plasma membrane structures, cytoplasmic content, and organelles, is established through cell-cell contact and/or by means of paracrine signaling. The main focus of this review is to summarize knowledge about involvement of MSCs in cancer cell EMT. Understanding the underlying cellular and molecular mechanism involved in the interplay between MSCs and cancer EMT is essential for development of effective therapy approaches, which in combination with current treatments may improve the control of tumor progression. Developmental Dynamics 247:359-367, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drenka Trivanović
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Jelena Krstić
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Jauković
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Diana Bugarski
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Juan F Santibanez
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
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27
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Wang M, Chen B, Sun XX, Zhao XD, Zhao YY, Sun L, Xu CG, Shen B, Su ZL, Xu WR, Zhu W. Gastric cancer tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells impact peripheral blood mononuclear cells via disruption of Treg/Th17 balance to promote gastric cancer progression. Exp Cell Res 2017; 361:19-29. [PMID: 28964780 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GC-MSCs) are important resident stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and have been shown to play a key role in gastric cancer progression. Whether GC-MSCs exert a tumor-promoting function by affecting anti-tumor immunity is still unclear. In this study, we used GC-MSC conditioned medium (GC-MSC-CM) to pretreat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors. We found that GC-MSC-CM pretreatment markedly reversed the inhibitory effect of PBMCs on gastric cancer growth in vivo, but did not affect functions of PBMCs on gastric cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in vitro. PBMCs pretreated with GC-MSC-CM significantly promoted gastric cancer migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro and liver metastases in vivo. Flow cytometry analysis showed that GC-MSC-CM pretreatment increased the proportion of Treg cells and reduced that of Th17 cells in PBMCs. CFSE labeling and naïve CD4+ T cells differentiation analysis revealed that GC-MSC-CM disrupted the Treg/Th17 balance in PBMCs by suppressing Th17 cell proliferation and inducing differentiation of Treg cells. Overall, our collective results indicate that GC-MSCs impair the anti-tumor immune response of PBMCs through disruption of Treg/Th17 balance, thus providing new evidence that gastric cancer tissue-derived MSCs contribute to the immunosuppressive TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Xian Sun
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Zhao
- Zhenjiang Provincial Blood Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhao
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Sun
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang-Gen Xu
- Zhenjiang Provincial Blood Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao-Liang Su
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Rong Xu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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Hill BS, Pelagalli A, Passaro N, Zannetti A. Tumor-educated mesenchymal stem cells promote pro-metastatic phenotype. Oncotarget 2017; 8:73296-73311. [PMID: 29069870 PMCID: PMC5641213 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recruited into tumor microenvironment in response to multiple signals produced by cancer cells. Molecules involved in their homing to tumors are the same inflammatory mediators produced by injured tissues: chemokines, cytokines and growth factors. When MSCs arrive into the tumor microenvironment these are “educated” to have pro-metastatic behaviour. Firstly, they promote cancer immunosuppression modulating both innate and adaptive immune systems. Moreover, tumor associated-MSCs trans-differentiating into cancer-associated fibroblasts can induce epithelial-mesenchymal-transition program in tumor cells. This process determinates a more aggressive phenotype of cancer cells by increasing their motility and invasiveness and favoring their dissemination to distant sites. In addition, MSCs are involved in the formation and modelling of pre-metastatic niches creating a supportive environment for colonization of circulating tumor cells. The development of novel therapeutic approaches targeting the different functions of MSCs in promoting tumor progression as well as the mechanisms underlying their activities could enhance the efficacy of conventional and immune anti-cancer therapies. Furthermore, many studies report the use of MSCs engineered to express different genes or as vehicle to specifically deliver novel drugs to tumors exploiting their strong tropism. Importantly, this approach can enhance local therapeutic efficacy and reduce the risk of systemic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billy Samuel Hill
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pelagalli
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy.,Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia Passaro
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Zannetti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
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Pelizzo G, Avanzini MA, Folini M, Bussani R, Mantelli M, Croce S, Acquafredda G, Travaglino P, Cimino-Reale G, Boni M, Dambruoso I, Calcaterra V. CPAM type 2-derived mesenchymal stem cells: Malignancy risk study in a 14-month-old boy. Pediatr Pulmonol 2017; 52:990-999. [PMID: 28493304 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.23734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The association between congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAM) and malignancy is reported in the literature. Interactions between the tumor, immune, and mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have been recognized as crucial for understanding tumorigenesis. We characterized MSCs isolated from CPAM lesions in order to define potential malignancy risks. METHODS CPAM II pulmonary tissue was used for MSC expansion; a "healthy" lung section from the same child was used as a comparator. Morphology, immunophenotype, differentiation and immunological capacity, proliferative growth, gene signature telomerase activity, and in vivo tumorigenicity in nude mice were evaluated. RESULTS MSCs were successfully isolated and propagated from CPAM tissue. CPAM-MSCs presented the typical MSC morphology and phenotype, while exhibiting high proliferative capacity, reaching confluence at a median time of 5 days as well as differentiation capabilities. CPAM-MSCs at early passages were not neoplastic and chromosomally normal, even though unbalanced chromosomal rearrangements were noted by molecular karyotype. CONCLUSIONS CPAM-MSCs exhibited specific features similar to tumor derived MSCs. Whilst there was no evidence of malignant transformation in the cystic tissue, our results provide evidence that this abnormal tissue has malignant potential. MSCs are considered important players in the tumor microenvironment and they have been closely linked to regulation of tumor survival, growth, and progression. Thus, early lesion resection also in asymptomatic patients might be indicated to exclude that the microenvironment may be potentially permissive to cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Pelizzo
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Children's Hospital, Istituto Mediterraneo di Eccellenza Pediatrica, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria A Avanzini
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory/Cell Factory/Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Folini
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Rossana Bussani
- Institute of Pathologic Anatomy, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Melissa Mantelli
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory/Cell Factory/Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Croce
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory/Cell Factory/Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gloria Acquafredda
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory/Cell Factory/Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Travaglino
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory/Cell Factory/Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Graziella Cimino-Reale
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Boni
- Hematology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Irene Dambruoso
- Hematology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia and Department of Maternal and Children's Health, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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