1
|
Clarysse M, Accarie A, Panisello-Roselló A, Farré R, Canovai E, Monbaliu D, De Hertogh G, Vanuytsel T, Pirenne J, Ceulemans LJ. Intravenous Polyethylene Glycol Alleviates Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rodent Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10775. [PMID: 37445954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common clinical entity, and its outcome is unpredictable due to the triad of inflammation, increased permeability and bacterial translocation. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a polyether compound that is extensively used in pharmacology as an excipient in various products. More recently, this class of products have shown to have potent anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, immunosuppressive and cell-membrane-stabilizing properties. However, its effects on the outcome after intestinal IRI have not yet been investigated. We hypothesized that PEG administration would reduce the effects of intestinal IRI in rodents. In a previously described rat model of severe IRI (45 min of ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion), we evaluated the effect of IV PEG administration at different doses (50 and 100 mg/kg) before and after the onset of ischemia. In comparison to control animals, PEG administration stabilized the endothelial glycocalyx, leading to reduced reperfusion edema, bacterial translocation and inflammatory reaction as well as improved 7-day survival. These effects were seen both in a pretreatment and in a treatment setting. The fact that this product is readily available and safe should encourage further clinical investigations in settings of intestinal IRI, organ preservation and transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Clarysse
- Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery & Transplant Coordination, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Abdominal Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Intestinal Failure and Transplantation Center (LIFT), University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alison Accarie
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arnau Panisello-Roselló
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)-Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdique August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Farré
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emilio Canovai
- Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery & Transplant Coordination, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Abdominal Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Intestinal Failure and Transplantation Center (LIFT), University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diethard Monbaliu
- Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery & Transplant Coordination, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Abdominal Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Intestinal Failure and Transplantation Center (LIFT), University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gert De Hertogh
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Cell & Tissue Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Vanuytsel
- Leuven Intestinal Failure and Transplantation Center (LIFT), University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jacques Pirenne
- Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery & Transplant Coordination, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Abdominal Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Intestinal Failure and Transplantation Center (LIFT), University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laurens J Ceulemans
- Leuven Intestinal Failure and Transplantation Center (LIFT), University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Patrono D, De Stefano N, Vissio E, Apostu AL, Petronio N, Vitelli G, Catalano G, Rizza G, Catalano S, Colli F, Chiusa L, Romagnoli R. How to Preserve Steatotic Liver Grafts for Transplantation. J Clin Med 2023; 12:3982. [PMID: 37373676 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12123982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver allograft steatosis is a significant risk factor for postoperative graft dysfunction and has been associated with inferior patient and graft survival, particularly in the case of moderate or severe macrovesicular steatosis. In recent years, the increasing incidence of obesity and fatty liver disease in the population has led to a higher proportion of steatotic liver grafts being used for transplantation, making the optimization of their preservation an urgent necessity. This review discusses the mechanisms behind the increased susceptibility of fatty livers to ischemia-reperfusion injury and provides an overview of the available strategies to improve their utilization for transplantation, with a focus on preclinical and clinical evidence supporting donor interventions, novel preservation solutions, and machine perfusion techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Patrono
- General Surgery 2U-Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Università di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-90, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Nicola De Stefano
- General Surgery 2U-Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Università di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-90, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Vissio
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Università di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-90, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Ana Lavinia Apostu
- General Surgery 2U-Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Università di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-90, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Petronio
- General Surgery 2U-Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Università di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-90, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vitelli
- General Surgery 2U-Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Università di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-90, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Catalano
- General Surgery 2U-Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Università di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-90, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Rizza
- General Surgery 2U-Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Università di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-90, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Catalano
- General Surgery 2U-Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Università di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-90, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Colli
- General Surgery 2U-Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Università di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-90, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Chiusa
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Università di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-90, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Renato Romagnoli
- General Surgery 2U-Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Università di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-90, 10126 Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Acar H, Sorgun O, Yurtseve G, Bora ES, Erbaş O. Antifibrotic preventive effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350 in methotrexateinduced hepatoxicity model. Acta Cir Bras 2022; 37:e370507. [PMID: 35894304 PMCID: PMC9323303 DOI: 10.1590/acb370507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Liver damage caused by drugs and other chemicals accounts for about 5% of all cases. Methotrexate (MTX), a folic acid analogue, is a first-line synthetic antimetabolite agent routinely used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has antioxidant activity. In this study, we evaluated biochemically and histopathologically the antifibrotic effect of PEG 3350 administered intraperitoneally to prevent methotrexate-induced liver damage in rats. METHODS A total of 30 male rats including 10 rats was given no drugs (normal group), and 20 rats received single-dose 20 mg/kg MTXfor induced liver injury in this study. MTX was given to 20 rats, which were divided in two groups. Group 1 rats was given PEG30 mg/kg/day (Merck) intraperitoneally, and Group 2 rats % 0.9 NaCl saline 1 mL/kg/day intraperitoneally daily for two weeks. RESULTS Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), liver MDA, serum tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), alanine aminotransferase and plasma pentraxin-3 levels and, according to tissue histopathology, hepatocyte necrosis, fibrosis and cellular infiltration were significantly better in MTX+PEG group than in MTX+saline group. CONCLUSIONS PEG 3350 is a hope for toxic hepatitis due to other causes, since liver damage occurs through oxidative stress and cell damage, similar to all toxic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hüseyin Acar
- MD. Izmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital - Department of Emergency Medicine - Izmir, Turkey
| | - Omay Sorgun
- MD. Ödemiş State Hospital - Department of Emergency Medicine - İzmir, Turkey
| | - Güner Yurtseve
- MD. Izmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital - Department of Emergency Medicine - Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ejder Saylav Bora
- MD. Izmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital - Department of Emergency Medicine - Izmir, Turkey
| | - Oytun Erbaş
- Associate professor. Demiroğlu Bilim University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Physiology - Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Targeting AMPK signaling in ischemic/reperfusion injury: From molecular mechanism to pharmacological interventions. Cell Signal 2022; 94:110323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
5
|
24-hour Perfusion of Porcine Myocutaneous Flaps Mitigates Reperfusion Injury: A 7-day Follow-up Study. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2022; 10:e4123. [PMID: 35211366 PMCID: PMC8860339 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Static cold storage is the gold standard of preservation in vascularized composite allotransplantation and allows a preservation time of 4–6 hours. Machine preservation is a promising technique for prolonged preservation; however, studies on extended preservation that compare different preservatives are scarce. This study aims to assess the feasibility of 24-hour acellular perfusion and compares different preservation solutions in a porcine myocutaneous flap replantation model. Methods: Six harvested bilateral myocutaneous flaps of three Dutch Landrace pigs were perfused hypothermically for 24 hours with University of Wisconsin machine perfusion solution (UW-MPS; n = 2) or histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution (HTK; n = 2) or preserved on ice for 4 hours (n = 2) before orthotopic replantation. Animals were observed for 7 days after replantation. Skeletal muscle injury was assessed by biochemical markers during perfusion, and muscle biopsies were analyzed for ischemia reperfusion injury directly after preservation and at 1, 3, and 7 days after replantation. Results: Markers of muscle damage varied during perfusion, but decreased overall in both perfusion groups. Flap weight increased 60% and 97% in the HTK-perfused flaps, compared with -6% and -7% in the UW-MPS-perfused flaps after 24 hours. Histopathologic evaluation demonstrated decreased muscle damage in flaps perfused with HTK compared with the UW-MPS-perfused flaps at 1 week after replantation. Conclusions: Machine perfusion of myocutaneous flaps for 24 hours with subsequent replantation is feasible, but warrants further research. Perfusion with HTK solution seemed to result in better histological outcomes 7 days after reperfusion compared with UW-MPS.
Collapse
|
6
|
Shaping of Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Events: The Crucial Role of Mitochondria. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040688. [PMID: 35203337 PMCID: PMC8870414 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a major hurdle in many clinical scenarios, including liver resection and transplantation. Various studies and countless surgical events have led to the observation of a strong correlation between HIRI induced by liver transplantation and early allograft-dysfunction development. The detrimental impact of HIRI has driven the pursuit of new ways to alleviate its adverse effects. At the core of HIRI lies mitochondrial dysfunction. Various studies, from both animal models and in clinical settings, have clearly shown that mitochondrial function is severely hampered by HIRI and that its preservation or restoration is a key indicator of successful organ recovery. Several strategies have been thus implemented throughout the years, targeting mitochondrial function. This work briefly discusses some the most utilized approaches, ranging from surgical practices to pharmacological interventions and highlights how novel strategies can be investigated and implemented by intricately discussing the way mitochondrial function is affected by HIRI.
Collapse
|
7
|
Burlage LC, Lellouch AG, Taveau CB, Tratnig-Frankl P, Pendexter CA, Randolph MA, Porte RJ, Lantieri LA, Tessier SN, Cetrulo CL, Uygun K. Optimization of Ex Vivo Machine Perfusion and Transplantation of Vascularized Composite Allografts. J Surg Res 2022; 270:151-161. [PMID: 34670191 PMCID: PMC8712379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Machine perfusion is gaining interest as an efficient method of tissue preservation of Vascularized Composite Allografts (VCA). The aim of this study was to develop a protocol for ex vivo subnormothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (SNMP) on rodent hindlimbs and to validate our protocol in a heterotopic hindlimb transplant model. METHODS In this optimization study we compared three different solutions during 6 h of SNMP (n = 4 per group). Ten control limbs were stored in a preservation solution on Static Cold Storage [SCS]). During SNMP we monitored arterial flowrate, lactate levels, and edema. After SNMP, muscle biopsies were taken for histology examination, and energy charge analysis. We validated the best perfusion protocol in a heterotopic limb transplantation model with 30-d follow up (n = 13). As controls, we transplanted untreated limbs (n = 5) and hindlimbs preserved with either 6 or 24 h of SCS (n = 4 and n = 5). RESULTS During SNMP, arterial outflow increased, and lactate clearance decreased in all groups. Total edema was significantly lower in the HBOC-201 group compared to the BSA group (P = 0.005), 4.9 (4.3-6.1) versus 48.8 (39.1-53.2) percentage, but not to the BSA + PEG group (P = 0.19). Energy charge levels of SCS controls decreased 4-fold compared to limbs perfused with acellular oxygen carrier HBOC-201, 0.10 (0.07-0.17) versus 0.46 (0.42-0.49) respectively (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Six hours ex vivo SNMP of rodent hindlimbs using an acellular oxygen carrier HBOC-201 results in superior tissue preservation compared to conventional SCS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. Burlage
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands,Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery within the Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA USA,Corresponding author:
| | - Alexandre G. Lellouch
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery within the Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery within the Department of Surgery, European George Pompidou Hospital, University of Paris, Paris, France,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA USA
| | - Corentin B. Taveau
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery within the Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery within the Department of Surgery, European George Pompidou Hospital, University of Paris, Paris, France,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA USA
| | - Philipp Tratnig-Frankl
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery within the Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA USA
| | - Casie A. Pendexter
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA USA
| | - Mark A. Randolph
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery within the Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA USA
| | - Robert J. Porte
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Laurent A. Lantieri
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery within the Department of Surgery, European George Pompidou Hospital, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Shannon N. Tessier
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA USA
| | - Curtis L. Cetrulo
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery within the Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA USA
| | - Korkut Uygun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
PEG35 as a Preconditioning Agent against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031156. [PMID: 35163080 PMCID: PMC8834864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological conditioning is a protective strategy against ischemia/reperfusion injury, which occurs during liver resection and transplantation. Polyethylene glycols have shown multiple benefits in cell and organ preservation, including antioxidant capacity, edema prevention and membrane stabilization. Recently, polyethylene glycol 35 kDa (PEG35) preconditioning resulted in decreased hepatic injury and protected the mitochondria in a rat model of cold ischemia. Thus, the study aimed to decipher the mechanisms underlying PEG35 preconditioning-induced protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury. A hypoxia/reoxygenation model using HepG2 cells was established to evaluate the effects of PEG35 preconditioning. Several parameters were assessed, including cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS production, ATP levels, protein content and gene expression to investigate autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics. PEG35 preconditioning preserved the mitochondrial function by decreasing the excessive production of ROS and subsequent ATP depletion, as well as by recovering the membrane potential. Furthermore, PEG35 increased levels of autophagy-related proteins and the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion. In conclusion, PEG35 preconditioning effectively ameliorates hepatic hypoxia/reoxygenation injury through the enhancement of autophagy and mitochondrial quality control. Therefore, PEG35 could be useful as a potential pharmacological tool for attenuating hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ogbemudia AE, Hakim G, Dengu F, El-Gilani F, Dumbill R, Mulvey J, Sayal K, Prudhomme T, Mesnard B, Rozenberg K, Lo Faro L, James T, Oliver J, Sharples E, Mittal S, Johnson P, Friend PJ, Ploeg R, Hunter J, Branchereau J. Development of ex situ normothermic reperfusion as an innovative method to assess pancreases after preservation. Transpl Int 2021; 34:1630-1642. [PMID: 34448276 DOI: 10.1111/tri.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Static cold storage (SCS) is the standard method for pancreas preservation prior to transplantation; however, it does not permit organ assessment. Normothermic reperfusion (NR) is utilized clinically for other organs to assess viability. Our aim was to develop NR using normothermic machine perfusion technique to simulate reperfusion at the time of transplantation, enabling evaluation of oxygenated hypothermic machine perfusion (HMPO2) as a newer strategy to optimize pancreas preservation. 13 porcine pancreases procured after circulatory death were divided into 3 groups: 4 pancreases preserved using SCS, and 2 groups preserved by HMPO2 (n = 4 and n = 5, differing by type of preservation solution). Duration of perfusion or cold storage was 6 hours before the 1-hour assessment using NR. Outcome measures were perfusion characteristics, biochemistry and change in tissue water mass as oedema assessment. During NR, the HMPO2 groups demonstrated better perfusion characteristics, normal macroscopic appearances, decreased water mass and one HMPO2 group demonstrated a response to glucose stimulation. Conversely, the SCS group showed an increased water mass and developed early macroscopic appearances of oedema, interstitial haemorrhage and minimal portal outflow. This study suggests that ex situ assessment of pancreases by NR is promising, and that HMPO2 may be better than SCS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Etohan Ogbemudia
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Gabriella Hakim
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fungai Dengu
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Faysal El-Gilani
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard Dumbill
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - John Mulvey
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Karen Sayal
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.,CRUK, Oxford Cancer Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Prudhomme
- Department Urology, Kidney Transplantation and Andrology, Toulouse Rangueil University, Toulouse, France
| | - Benoit Mesnard
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Kaithlyn Rozenberg
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Letizia Lo Faro
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Timothy James
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Joshua Oliver
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Edward Sharples
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Shruti Mittal
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul Johnson
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,DRWF Human Islet Isolation Facility, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter J Friend
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Rutger Ploeg
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - James Hunter
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.,University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Julien Branchereau
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Transplant Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,Centre de Recherche en Transplantation Et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The Role of Mitochondria in Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: From Aspects of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Fission, Mitochondrial Membrane Permeable Transport Pore Formation, Mitophagy, and Mitochondria-Related Protective Measures. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6670579. [PMID: 34285766 PMCID: PMC8275408 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6670579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has indeed been shown as a main complication of hepatectomy, liver transplantation, trauma, and hypovolemic shock. A large number of studies have confirmed that microvascular and parenchymal damage is mainly caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is considered to be a major risk factor for IRI. Under normal conditions, ROS as a kind of by-product of cellular metabolism can be controlled at normal levels. However, when IRI occurs, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is inhibited. In addition, oxidative respiratory chain damage leads to massive consumption of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and large amounts of ROS. Additionally, mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in various organs and tissues in IRI. On the one hand, excessive free radicals induce mitochondrial damage, for instance, mitochondrial structure, number, function, and energy metabolism. On the other hand, the disorder of mitochondrial fusion and fission results in further reduction of the number of mitochondria so that it is not enough to clear excessive ROS, and mitochondrial structure changes to form mitochondrial membrane permeable transport pores (mPTPs), which leads to cell necrosis and apoptosis, organ failure, and metabolic dysfunction, increasing morbidity and mortality. According to the formation mechanism of IRI, various substances have been discovered or synthesized for specific targets and cell signaling pathways to inhibit or slow the damage of liver IRI to the body. Here, based on the development of this field, this review describes the role of mitochondria in liver IRI, from aspects of mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial fusion and fission, mPTP formation, and corresponding protective measures. Therefore, it may provide references for future clinical treatment and research.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ferreira-Silva M, Faria-Silva C, Baptista PV, Fernandes E, Fernandes AR, Corvo ML. Drug delivery nanosystems targeted to hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:397-410. [PMID: 33660214 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00915-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) is an acute inflammatory process that results from surgical interventions, such as liver resection surgery or transplantation, or hemorrhagic shock. This pathology has become a severe clinical issue, due to the increasing incidence of hepatic cancer and the high number of liver transplants. So far, an effective treatment has not been implemented in the clinic. Despite its importance, hepatic IRI has not attracted much interest as an inflammatory disease, and only a few reviews addressed it from a therapeutic perspective with drug delivery nanosystems. In the last decades, drug delivery nanosystems have proved to be a major asset in therapy because of their ability to optimize drug delivery, either by passive or active targeting. Passive targeting is achieved through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, a main feature in inflammation that allows the accumulation of the nanocarriers in inflammation sites, enabling a higher efficacy of treatment than conventional therapies. These systems also can be actively targeted to specific compounds, such as inflammatory markers and overexpressed receptors in immune system intermediaries, allowing an even more specialized therapy that have already showed encouraging results. In this manuscript, we review drug delivery nanosystems designed for hepatic IRI treatment, addressing their current state in clinical trials, discussing the main hurdles that hinder their successful translation to the market and providing some suggestions that could potentially advance their clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Ferreira-Silva
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Faria-Silva
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Viana Baptista
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Ramos Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Luísa Corvo
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Panisello-Roselló A, Roselló-Catafau J, Adam R. New Insights in Molecular Mechanisms and Pathophysiology of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury 2.0: An Updated Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010028. [PMID: 33375111 PMCID: PMC7792921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Panisello-Roselló
- Ischemia-Reperfusion Unit, Experimental Pathology Department, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB)-IDIBAPS, Spanish Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, AP-PH, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94800 Paris, France;
| | - Joan Roselló-Catafau
- Ischemia-Reperfusion Unit, Experimental Pathology Department, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB)-IDIBAPS, Spanish Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - René Adam
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, AP-PH, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94800 Paris, France;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Panisello Rosello A, Teixeira da Silva R, Castro C, G. Bardallo R, Calvo M, Folch-Puy E, Carbonell T, Palmeira C, Roselló Catafau J, Adam R. Polyethylene Glycol 35 as a Perfusate Additive for Mitochondrial and Glycocalyx Protection in HOPE Liver Preservation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5703. [PMID: 32784882 PMCID: PMC7461048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ transplantation is a multifactorial process in which proper graft preservation is a mandatory step for the success of the transplantation. Hypothermic preservation of abdominal organs is mostly based on the use of several commercial solutions, including UW, Celsior, HTK and IGL-1. The presence of the oncotic agents HES (in UW) and PEG35 (in IGL-1) characterize both solution compositions, while HTK and Celsior do not contain any type of oncotic agent. Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are non-immunogenic, non-toxic and water-soluble polymers, which present a combination of properties of particular interest in the clinical context of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI): they limit edema and nitric oxide induction and modulate immunogenicity. Besides static cold storage (SCS), there are other strategies to preserve the organ, such as the use of machine perfusion (MP) in dynamic preservation strategies, which increase graft function and survival as compared to the conventional static hypothermic preservation. Here we report some considerations about using PEG35 as a component of perfusates for MP strategies (such as hypothermic oxygenated perfusion, HOPE) and its benefits for liver graft preservation. Improved liver preservation is closely related to mitochondria integrity, making this organelle a good target to increase graft viability, especially in marginal organs (e.g., steatotic livers). The final goal is to increase the pool of suitable organs, and thereby shorten patient waiting lists, a crucial problem in liver transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Panisello Rosello
- Experimental Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-IDIBAPS, CIBEREHD, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; (A.P.R.); (R.T.d.S.); (E.F.-P.)
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, AP-PH, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94800 Villejuif, France; (C.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Rui Teixeira da Silva
- Experimental Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-IDIBAPS, CIBEREHD, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; (A.P.R.); (R.T.d.S.); (E.F.-P.)
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Universidade Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Carlos Castro
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, AP-PH, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94800 Villejuif, France; (C.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Raquel G. Bardallo
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; (R.G.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Maria Calvo
- Serveis Cientifico Tècnics, 08036-Campus Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08919 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;
| | - Emma Folch-Puy
- Experimental Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-IDIBAPS, CIBEREHD, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; (A.P.R.); (R.T.d.S.); (E.F.-P.)
| | - Teresa Carbonell
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; (R.G.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Carlos Palmeira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Universidade Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Joan Roselló Catafau
- Experimental Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-IDIBAPS, CIBEREHD, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; (A.P.R.); (R.T.d.S.); (E.F.-P.)
| | - René Adam
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, AP-PH, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94800 Villejuif, France; (C.C.); (R.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Silk Sericin Semi-interpenetrating Network Hydrogels Based on PEG-Diacrylate for Wound Healing Treatment. INT J POLYM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/4740765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Silk sericin (SS) from the Bombyx mori silk cocoons has received much attention from biomedical scientists due to its outstanding properties, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, UV-resistant, and ability to release moisturizing factors. Unmodified SS does not self-assemble strongly enough to be used as a hydrogel wound dressing. Therefore, there is a need for suitable stabilization techniques to interlink the SS peptide chains or strengthen their structural cohesion. Here, we reported a method to form a silk semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) structure through reacting with the short-chain poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) in the presence of a redox pair. Various hydrogels were prepared in aqueous media at the final SS/PEGDA weight percentages of 8/92, 15/85, and 20/80. Results indicated that all semi-IPN samples underwent a sol-gel transition within 70 min. The equilibrium water content (EWC) for all samples was found to be in the range of 70-80%, depending on the PEGDA content. Both the gelation time and the sol fraction decreased with the increased PEGDA content. This was due to the tightened network structure formed within the hydrogel matrices. Among all hydrogel samples, the 15/85 (SS/PEGDA) hydrogel displayed the maximum compressive strength (0.66 MPa) and strain (7.15%), higher than those of pure PEGDA. This implied a well-balanced molecular interaction within the SS/PEGDA/water systems. Based on the direct and indirect MTS assay, the 15/85 hydrogel showed excellent in vitro biocompatibility towards human dermal fibroblasts, representing a promising material for biomedical wound dressing in the future. A formation of a semi-IPN structure has thus proved to be one of the best strategies to extend a practical limit of using SS hydrogels for wound healing treatment or other biomedical hydrogel matrices in the future.
Collapse
|
15
|
Motiño O, Francés DE, Casanova N, Fuertes-Agudo M, Cucarella C, Flores JM, Vallejo-Cremades MT, Olmedilla L, Pérez Peña J, Bañares R, Boscá L, Casado M, Martín-Sanz P. Protective Role of Hepatocyte Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression Against Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice. Hepatology 2019; 70:650-665. [PMID: 30155948 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Liver ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a serious clinical problem affecting liver transplantation outcomes. IRI causes up to 10% of early organ failure and predisposes to chronic rejection. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is involved in different liver diseases, but the significance of COX-2 in IRI is a matter of controversy. This study was designed to elucidate the role of COX-2 induction in hepatocytes against liver IRI. In the present work, hepatocyte-specific COX-2 transgenic mice (hCOX-2-Tg) and their wild-type (Wt) littermates were subjected to IRI. hCOX-2-Tg mice exhibited lower grades of necrosis and inflammation than Wt mice, in part by reduced hepatic recruitment and infiltration of neutrophils, with a concomitant decrease in serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, hCOX-2-Tg mice showed a significant attenuation of the IRI-induced increase in oxidative stress and hepatic apoptosis, an increase in autophagic flux, and a decrease in endoplasmic reticulum stress compared to Wt mice. Interestingly, ischemic preconditioning of Wt mice resembles the beneficial effects observed in hCOX-2-Tg mice against IRI due to a preconditioning-derived increase in endogenous COX-2, which is mainly localized in hepatocytes. Furthermore, measurement of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) levels in plasma from patients who underwent liver transplantation revealed a significantly positive correlation of PGE2 levels and graft function and an inverse correlation with the time of ischemia. Conclusion: These data support the view of a protective effect of hepatic COX-2 induction and the consequent rise of derived prostaglandins against IRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Motiño
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel E Francés
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE-CONICET), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Natalia Casanova
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carme Cucarella
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, IBV-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juana M Flores
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Luis Olmedilla
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Pérez Peña
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Bañares
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERcv), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Casado
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, IBV-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERcv), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Martín-Sanz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERcv), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Alva N, Panisello-Roselló A, Flores M, Roselló-Catafau J, Carbonell T. Ubiquitin-proteasome system and oxidative stress in liver transplantation. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3521-3530. [PMID: 30131658 PMCID: PMC6102496 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i31.3521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A major issue in organ transplantation is the development of a protocol that can preserve organs under optimal conditions. Damage to organs is commonly a consequence of flow deprivation and oxygen starvation following the restoration of blood flow and reoxygenation. This is known as ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI): a complex multifactorial process that causes cell damage. While the oxygen deprivation due to ischemia depletes cell energy, subsequent tissue oxygenation due to reperfusion induces many cascades, from reactive oxygen species production to apoptosis initiation. Autophagy has also been identified in the pathogenesis of IRI, although such alterations and their subsequent functional significance are controversial. Moreover, proteasome activation may be a relevant pathophysiological mechanism. Different strategies have been adopted to limit IRI damage, including the supplementation of commercial preservation media with pharmacological agents or additives. In this review, we focus on novel strategies related to the ubiquitin proteasome system and oxidative stress inhibition, which have been used to minimize damage in liver transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norma Alva
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Arnau Panisello-Roselló
- Experimental Pathology Department, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Marta Flores
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Joan Roselló-Catafau
- Experimental Pathology Department, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Teresa Carbonell
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Preconditioning-Like Properties of Short-Term Hypothermia in Isolated Perfused Rat Liver (IPRL) System. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041023. [PMID: 29596325 PMCID: PMC5979303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypothermia may attenuate the progression of ischemia-induced damage in liver. Here, we determined the effects of a brief cycle of hypothermic preconditioning applied before an ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) episode in isolated perfused rat liver (IPRL) on tissue damage and oxidative stress. Rats (male, 200–250 g) were anaesthetised with sodium pentobarbital (60 mg·kg−1 i.p) and underwent laparatomy. The liver was removed and perfused in a temperature-regulated non-recirculating system. Livers were randomly divided into two groups (n = 6 each group). In the hypothermia-preconditioned group, livers were perfused with hypothermic buffer (cycle of 10 min at 22 °C plus 10 min at 37 °C) and the other group was perfused at 37 °C. Both groups were then submitted to 40 min of warm ischemia and 20 min of warm reperfusion. The level of tissue-damage indicators (alanine amino transferase, ALT; lactate dehydrogenase, LDH; and proteins), oxidative stress markers (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, TBARS; advanced oxidation protein products, AOPP; and glutathione, GSH) were measured in aliquots of perfusate sampled at different time intervals. Histological determinations and oxidative stress biomarkers in homogenized liver (AOPP; TBARS; nitric oxide derivatives, NOx; GSH and glutathione disulphide, GSSG) were also made in the tissue at the end. Results showed that both damage and oxidant indicators significantly decreased while antioxidant increased in hypothermic preconditioned livers. In addition, homogenized liver determinations and histological observations at the end of the protocol corroborate the results in the perfusate, confirming the utility of the perfusate as a non-invasive method. In conclusion, hypothermic preconditioning attenuates oxidative damage and appears to be a promising strategy to protect the liver against IR injury.
Collapse
|
18
|
Bejaoui M, Zaouali MA, Sakly R, Ben Abdennebi H. Olprinone protects the liver from ischemia–reperfusion injury through oxidative stress prevention and protein kinase Akt activation. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:227-231. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Liver ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury is inevitable in surgical procedures such as hepatic resection and liver transplantation. It represents a leading cause of liver graft dysfunction and primary nonfunction after transplantation. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors are emerging as effective drugs able to reduce IR damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of selective PDE-3 inhibitor olprinone (Olp) against liver IR injury. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 1 h of partial warm ischemia (70%) followed by 6 h of reperfusion. Before ischemia, rats were treated with saline (IR group), Olp (Olp group), or Olp with Akt inhibitor LY294002 (Olp plus LY group). After reperfusion, hepatic injury (transaminase activities), mitochondrial damage (glutamate dehydrogenase activity), oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and glutathione concentrations and catalase and superoxide dismutase activities), and protein kinase Akt activation were evaluated. Rat treatment with Olp reduced liver injury, prevented mitochondrial damage, decreased lipid peroxidation, and enhanced antioxidant enzymes. Also, Olp induced a significant activation in protein kinase Akt. Inhibition of Akt with LY294002 abolished all of the protective effects of Olp. In conclusion, Olp treatment may be an effective strategy in reducing liver IR injury through oxidative stress prevention and Akt activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Bejaoui
- Research Unit (UR12ES11) “Molecular Biology and Anthropology Applied to Development and Health”, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Research Unit (UR12ES11) “Molecular Biology and Anthropology Applied to Development and Health”, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amine Zaouali
- Research Unit (UR12ES11) “Molecular Biology and Anthropology Applied to Development and Health”, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Research Unit (UR12ES11) “Molecular Biology and Anthropology Applied to Development and Health”, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Rim Sakly
- Research Unit (UR12ES11) “Molecular Biology and Anthropology Applied to Development and Health”, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Research Unit (UR12ES11) “Molecular Biology and Anthropology Applied to Development and Health”, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hassen Ben Abdennebi
- Research Unit (UR12ES11) “Molecular Biology and Anthropology Applied to Development and Health”, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Research Unit (UR12ES11) “Molecular Biology and Anthropology Applied to Development and Health”, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zaouali MA, Panisello-Roselló A, Lopez A, Castro Benítez C, Folch-Puy E, García-Gil A, Carbonell T, Adam R, Roselló-Catafau J. Relevance of proteolysis and proteasome activation in fatty liver graft preservation: An Institut Georges Lopez-1 vs University of Wisconsin appraisal. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:4211-4221. [PMID: 28694661 PMCID: PMC5483495 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i23.4211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare liver proteolysis and proteasome activation in steatotic liver grafts conserved in University of Wisconsin (UW) and Institut Georges Lopez-1 (IGL-1) solutions.
METHODS Fatty liver grafts from male obese Zücker rats were conserved in UW and IGL-1 solutions for 24 h at 4 °Cand subjected to “ex vivo” normo-thermic perfusion (2 h; 37 °C). Liver proteolysis in tissue specimens and perfusate was measured by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Total free amino acid release was correlated with the activation of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS: measured as chymotryptic-like activity and 20S and 19S proteasome), the prevention of liver injury (transaminases), mitochondrial injury (confocal microscopy) and inflammation markers (TNF 1 alpha, high mobility group box-1 (HGMB-1) and PPAR gamma), and liver apoptosis (TUNEL assay, cytochrome c and caspase 3).
RESULTS Profiles of free AA (alanine, proline, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, lysine, ornithine, and threonine, among others) were similar for tissue and reperfusion effluent. In all cases, the IGL-1 solution showed a significantly higher prevention of proteolysis than UW (P < 0.05) after cold ischemia reperfusion. Livers conserved in IGL-1 presented more effective prevention of ATP-breakdown and more inhibition of UPS activity (measured as chymotryptic-like activity). In addition, the prevention of liver proteolysis and UPS activation correlated with the prevention of liver injury (AST/ALT) and mitochondrial damage (revealed by confocal microscopy findings) as well as with the prevention of inflammatory markers (TNF1alpha and HMGB) after reperfusion. In addition, the liver grafts preserved in IGL-1 showed a significant decrease in liver apoptosis, as shown by TUNEL assay and the reduction of cytochrome c, caspase 3 and P62 levels.
CONCLUSION Our comparison of these two preservation solutions suggests that IGL-1 helps to prevent ATP breakdown more effectively than UW and subsequently achieves a higher UPS inhibition and reduced liver proteolysis.
Collapse
|
20
|
Pasut G, Panisello A, Folch-Puy E, Lopez A, Castro-Benítez C, Calvo M, Carbonell T, García-Gil A, Adam R, Roselló-Catafau J. Polyethylene glycols: An effective strategy for limiting liver ischemia reperfusion injury. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:6501-6508. [PMID: 27605884 PMCID: PMC4968129 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i28.6501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is an inherent feature of liver surgery and liver transplantation in which damage to a hypoxic organ (ischemia) is exacerbated following the return of oxygen delivery (reperfusion). IRI is a major cause of primary non-function after transplantation and may lead to graft rejection, regardless of immunological considerations. The immediate response involves the disruption of cellular mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and the accumulation of metabolic intermediates during the ischemic period, and oxidative stress during blood flow restoration. Moreover, a complex cascade of inflammatory mediators is generated during reperfusion, contributing to the extension of the damage and finally to organ failure. A variety of pharmacological interventions (antioxidants, anti-cytokines, etc.) have been proposed to alleviate graft injury but their usefulness is limited by the local and specific action of the drugs and by their potential undesirable toxic effects. Polyethylene glycols (PEGs), which are non-toxic water-soluble compounds approved by the FDA, have been widely used as a vehicle or a base in food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, and also as adjuvants for ameliorating drug pharmacokinetics. Some PEGs are also currently used as additives in organ preservation solutions prior to transplantation in order to limit the damage associated with cold ischemia reperfusion. More recently, the administration of PEGs of different molecular weights by intravenous injection has emerged as a new therapeutic tool to protect liver grafts from IRI. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning the use of PEGs as a useful target for limiting liver IRI.
Collapse
|