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Jungmann C, Dyhrberg Haubuff S, Packeiser EM, Körber H, Reichler IM, Balogh O, Mazzuoli-Weber G, Goericke-Pesch S. Insights into the role of PGF2α in canine periparturient myometrium. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1392080. [PMID: 38863475 PMCID: PMC11165301 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1392080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Parturition in dogs is subjected to complex hormonal regulation, with the involvement of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) still not fully understood. To investigate uterine inertia (UI), the most prevalent maternal reason for dystocia in the bitch, a better understanding of undisturbed uterine, especially myometrial function, is crucial. Our aim was to gain deeper insights into the role of PGF2α in the canine parturient myometrium. Uterine biopsies were obtained during medically indicated cesarean sections. To test for stimulatory effects of PGF2α in vitro, circular and longitudinal myometrial layer tissue strips were challenged with 50 pM, 0.5 µM, and 50 µM PGF2α. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and PGF2α-receptor (PTGFR) mRNA expressions were compared between primary UI (PUI) and obstructive dystocia (OD) samples in isolated parturient myometrium. PTGFR protein expression was assessed in full thickness uterine samples. PGF2α concentrations were analyzed in canine interplacental tissue around term. In the organ bath, the contractile response to PGF2α was limited to the circular layer at the highest dosage. Correspondingly, PTGFR immunohistochemical staining was significantly stronger in the circular layer (p ≤ 0.01). PTGS2 gene expression did not differ between PUI and OD, whereas PTGFR gene expression could not be quantified. Local uterine PGF2α concentrations correlated negatively with serum P4 levels and were the highest during prepartum luteolysis while being significantly lower in PUI. Conclusively, despite the significant increase in local PGF2α concentrations at birth, confirming the interplacental tissue as a production site, our results suggest that PGF2α might affect uterine contractility during labor, mainly indirectly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Jungmann
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Small Animals, University for Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Signe Dyhrberg Haubuff
- Section for Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Eva-Maria Packeiser
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Small Animals, University for Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hanna Körber
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Small Animals, University for Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Iris Margaret Reichler
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, University of Zurich Vetsuisse Faculty, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Orsolya Balogh
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, University of Zurich Vetsuisse Faculty, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Gemma Mazzuoli-Weber
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra Goericke-Pesch
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Small Animals, University for Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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2
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Maier AD. Malignant meningioma. APMIS 2022; 130 Suppl 145:1-58. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Daniela Maier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital Copenhagen Denmark
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3
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Fusion transcript discovery using RNA sequencing in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimen. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 160:103303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Ping J, Huang S, Wu J, Bao P, Su T, Gu K, Cai H, Guo X, Lipworth L, Blot WJ, Zheng W, Cai Q, Shu XO. Association between lincRNA expression and overall survival for patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 186:769-777. [PMID: 33247368 PMCID: PMC8088339 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-06021-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) are increasingly recognized as important regulators for pathogenesis and/or prognosis of breast cancer, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype. However, few previous studies used RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology, and none included an independent replication. METHODS To systematically evaluate the association between expression of lincRNAs and TNBC survival, we examined lincRNA expression profiles in TNBC tissues using RNA-Seq data for 200 TNBC patients from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Survival Study (SBCSS) and Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS). RESULTS Twenty-five lincRNAs were found to be associated with overall survival (P < 0.05 and no significant heterogeneity across studies at Q statistic P > 0.1), and 61 lincRNAs were associated with disease-free survival (DFS). Among these, two lincRNAs (LINC01270 and LINC00449) were significantly associated with both worse overall survival and DFS and were expressed at significantly higher levels in tumor tissues compared with adjacent normal breast tissues (log2[Fold Change] > 0.5 and FDR < 0.05). We further evaluated the potential functions of LINC01270 and LINC00449 using in vitro functional experiments and found that siRNA-mediated knockdown of LINC01270 and LINC00449 expression significantly decreased cell viability, colony formation and cell migration ability in TNBC cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Evidence from observational studies and in vitro experiments indicates that LINC00449 and LINC01270 may be prognostic biomarkers for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ping
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 800, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Shuya Huang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 800, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 800, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Pingping Bao
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Surveillance, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Timothy Su
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 800, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Kai Gu
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Surveillance, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 800, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Xingyi Guo
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 800, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Loren Lipworth
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 800, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - William J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 800, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 800, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 800, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 800, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
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Ginsenoside ameliorated ventilator-induced lung injury in rats. J Intensive Care 2020; 8:89. [PMID: 33292607 PMCID: PMC7682776 DOI: 10.1186/s40560-020-00509-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ginsenosides have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features. This study aimed to evaluate the biologic effects of ginsenoside Rb2 pretreatment on ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) in rats. Methods Rats were divided into four groups with 12 rats per group: control; low tidal volume (TV), TV of 6 mL/kg, VILI, TV of 20 mL/kg, positive end-expiratory pressure of 5 cm H2O, and respiratory rate of 60 breaths per minute for 3 h at an inspiratory oxygen fraction of 0.21; and ginsenosides, treated the same as the VILI group but with 20 mg/kg intraperitoneal ginsenoside pretreatment. Morphology was observed with a microscope to confirm the VILI model. Wet-to-dry weight ratios, protein concentrations, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured. RNA sequencing of the lung tissues was conducted to analyze gene expression. Results High TV histologically induced VILI with alveolar edema and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Ginsenosides pretreatment significantly reduced the histologic lung injury score compared to the VILI group. Wet-to-dry weight ratios, malondialdehyde, and TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly higher in the VILI group and ginsenoside pretreatment mitigated these effects. In the immunohistochemistry assay, ginsenoside pretreatment attenuated the TNF-α upregulation induced by VILI. We identified 823 genes differentially presented in the VILI group compared to the control group. Of the 823 genes, only 13 genes (Arrdc2, Cygb, Exnef, Lcn2, Mroh7, Nsf, Rexo2, Srp9, Tead3, Ephb6, Mvd, Sytl4, and Ube2l6) recovered to control levels in the ginsenoside group. Conclusions Ginsenosides inhibited the inflammatory and oxidative stress response in VILI. Further studies are required on the 13 genes, including LCN2.
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Kunimasa K, Matsumoto S, Nishino K, Nakamura H, Kuhara H, Tamiya M, Inoue T, Kawamura T, Kawachi H, Kuno K, Kimura T, Maniwa T, Okami J, Nakatsuka SI, Goto K, Kumagai T. Improvement strategies for successful next-generation sequencing analysis of lung cancer. Future Oncol 2020; 16:1597-1606. [PMID: 32490705 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to improve the success rate of NGS (next-generation sequencing) analysis through improved strategies of lung cancer sampling. Materials & methods: The improvement strategies are as follows. Surgically resected specimens were preferentially submitted in cooperation with pathologists and surgeons. In bronchoscopic samples, the size of the sample collection device and the number of samples collected was increased. Results: The strategies increased the success rate of NGS analysis of DNA from 69.3 to 91.1%, and that of RNA from 64.6 to 90.0%. Discussion: The introduction of strategies aimed at improving the success of NGS analysis resulted in an improvement in the success rate and brought us closer to the delivery of effective precision medicine in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Kunimasa
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Shingo Matsumoto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Kazumi Nishino
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Harumi Nakamura
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology & Cytology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Hanako Kuhara
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Motohiro Tamiya
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Takako Inoue
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kawamura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Hayato Kawachi
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Kika Kuno
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Toru Kimura
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Maniwa
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Jiro Okami
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Nakatsuka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology & Cytology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Koichi Goto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Toru Kumagai
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
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Pennock ND, Jindal S, Horton W, Sun D, Narasimhan J, Carbone L, Fei SS, Searles R, Harrington CA, Burchard J, Weinmann S, Schedin P, Xia Z. RNA-seq from archival FFPE breast cancer samples: molecular pathway fidelity and novel discovery. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:195. [PMID: 31856832 PMCID: PMC6924022 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0643-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues for RNA-seq have advantages over fresh frozen tissue including abundance and availability, connection to rich clinical data, and association with patient outcomes. However, FFPE-derived RNA is highly degraded and chemically modified, which impacts its utility as a faithful source for biological inquiry. METHODS True archival FFPE breast cancer cases (n = 58), stored at room temperature for 2-23 years, were utilized to identify key steps in tissue selection, RNA isolation, and library choice. Gene expression fidelity was evaluated by comparing FFPE data to public data obtained from fresh tissues, and by employing single-gene, gene set and transcription network-based regulon analyses. RESULTS We report a single 10 μm section of breast tissue yields sufficient RNA for RNA-seq, and a relationship between RNA quality and block age that was not linear. We find single-gene analysis is limiting with FFPE tissues, while targeted gene set approaches effectively distinguish ER+ from ER- breast cancers. Novel utilization of regulon analysis identified the transcription factor KDM4B to associate with ER+ disease, with KDM4B regulon activity and gene expression having prognostic significance in an independent cohort of ER+ cases. CONCLUSION Our results, which outline a robust FFPE-RNA-seq pipeline for broad use, support utilizing FFPE tissues to address key questions in the breast cancer field, including the delineation between indolent and life-threatening disease, biological stratification and molecular mechanisms of treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Pennock
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, 2720 SW Moody Ave, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Sonali Jindal
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, 2720 SW Moody Ave, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 2720 SW Moody Ave, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Wesley Horton
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, 2720 SW Moody Ave, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Duanchen Sun
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Jayasri Narasimhan
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, 2720 SW Moody Ave, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Lucia Carbone
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
- Department of Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Ave, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Suzanne S Fei
- Bioinformatics & Biostatistics Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Robert Searles
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Christina A Harrington
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Julja Burchard
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Sheila Weinmann
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, OR, 97278, USA
| | - Pepper Schedin
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, 2720 SW Moody Ave, Portland, OR, 97201, USA.
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 2720 SW Moody Ave, Portland, OR, 97201, USA.
- Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1665 Aurora Court, USA, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Zheng Xia
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97273, USA.
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Reliable Gene Expression Profiling from Small and Hematoxylin and Eosin–Stained Clinical Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Specimens Using the HTG EdgeSeq Platform. J Mol Diagn 2019; 21:796-807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Robustness of RNA sequencing on older formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue from high-grade ovarian serous adenocarcinomas. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216050. [PMID: 31059554 PMCID: PMC6502345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are among the most widely available clinical specimens. Their potential utility as a source of RNA for transcriptome studies would greatly enhance population-based cancer studies. Although preliminary studies suggest FFPE tissue may be used for RNA sequencing, the effect of storage time on these specimens needs to be determined. We conducted this study to determine whether RNA in archived FFPE high-grade ovarian serous adenocarcinomas from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registries was present in sufficient quantity and quality for RNA-Seq analysis. FFPE tissues, stored from 7 to 32 years, were obtained from three SEER sites. RNA was extracted, quantified, quality assessed, and subjected to RNA-Seq (a whole transcriptome sequencing technology). FFPE specimens stored for longer periods of time had poorer RNA sample quality as indicated by negative correlations between specimen storage time and fragment distribution values (DV). In addition, sample contamination was a common issue among the RNA, with 41 of 67 samples having 5% to 48% bacterial contamination. However, regardless of specimen storage time and bacterial contamination, 60% of the samples yielded data that enabled gene expression quantification, identifying more than 10,000 genes, with the correlations among most biological replicates above 0.7. This study demonstrates that FFPE high-grade ovarian serous adenocarcinomas specimens stored in repositories for up to 32 years and under varying storage conditions are a promising source of RNA for RNA-Seq. We also describe certain caveats to be considered when designing RNA-Seq studies using archived FFPE tissues.
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Zhai Q, Xiao Y, Li P, Tian F, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W. Varied doses and chemical forms of selenium supplementation differentially affect mouse intestinal physiology. Food Funct 2019; 10:5398-5412. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00278b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Varied doses and chemical forms of selenium supplementation differentially affect mouse intestinal physiology and perturbed the fecal metabolic profiles of and jejunal protein expression in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology
| | - Yue Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology
| | - Peng Li
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology
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Optimising complementary soft tissue synchrotron X-ray microtomography for reversibly-stained central nervous system samples. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12017. [PMID: 30104610 PMCID: PMC6089931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Synchrotron radiation microtomography (SRμCT) is a nominally non-destructive 3D imaging technique which can visualise the internal structures of whole soft tissues. As a multi-stage technique, the cumulative benefits of optimising sample preparation, scanning parameters and signal processing can improve SRμCT imaging efficiency, image quality, accuracy and ultimately, data utility. By evaluating different sample preparations (embedding media, tissue stains), imaging (projection number, propagation distance) and reconstruction (artefact correction, phase retrieval) parameters, a novel methodology (combining reversible iodine stain, wax embedding and inline phase contrast) was optimised for fast (~12 minutes), high-resolution (3.2-4.8 μm diameter capillaries resolved) imaging of the full diameter of a 3.5 mm length of rat spinal cord. White-grey matter macro-features and micro-features such as motoneurons and capillary-level vasculature could then be completely segmented from the imaged volume for analysis through the shallow machine learning SuRVoS Workbench. Imaged spinal cord tissue was preserved for subsequent histology, establishing a complementary SRμCT methodology that can be applied to study spinal cord pathologies or other nervous system tissues such as ganglia, nerves and brain. Further, our 'single-scan iterative downsampling' approach and side-by-side comparisons of mounting options, sample stains and phase contrast parameters should inform efficient, effective future soft tissue SRμCT experiment design.
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12
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Li X, Chen W. Differential expression profile analysis of lncRNA UCA1α regulated mRNAs in bladder cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:1841-1854. [PMID: 28815726 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma associated 1α (UCA1α) is a novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that regulates bladder cancer proliferation, migration, and invasion. The target genes of UCA1α have, however, not been identified. To address this, a pCDNA3.1(+)-UCA1α over-expression vector was transfected into UM-UC-2 bladder cancer cells. Genes differentially expressed between pCDNA3.1(+)-UCA1α and pCDNA3.1(+) transfected cell were then detected by microarray and bioinformatics analysis. A total of 71 differentially expressed genes were identified, including 52 up-regulated genes and 19 down-regulated genes. As expected, the lncRNA UCA1α expression level was significantly increased when compared to that of pCDNA3.1(+) transfected cells. The five most significantly up-regulated and five most significantly down-regulated genes were selected, and their expression levels were also assessed by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The mRNA and protein expression levels of FOXI3 and GSTA3 were found to be significantly increased, and those of MED18 and TEX101 were found to be significantly decreased. Gene ontology (GO) clustering identified several significant biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions, associated with lncRNA UCA1α over-expression. The differentially expressed genes were involved in several significant pathways as shown by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway clustering. Cell proliferation activity was significantly increased following overexpression of lncRNA UCA1α increasing over culture time. The present study identifies, for the first time, potential target genes for lncRNA UCA1α in bladder cancer, and provides a significant reference for studying the role of lncRNA UCA1α in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Medical Experiment Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Medical Experiment Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Xu Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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13
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Wang J, Samuels DC, Zhao S, Xiang Y, Zhao YY, Guo Y. Current Research on Non-Coding Ribonucleic Acid (RNA). Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8120366. [PMID: 29206165 PMCID: PMC5748684 DOI: 10.3390/genes8120366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding ribonucleic acid (RNA) has without a doubt captured the interest of biomedical researchers. The ability to screen the entire human genome with high-throughput sequencing technology has greatly enhanced the identification, annotation and prediction of the functionality of non-coding RNAs. In this review, we discuss the current landscape of non-coding RNA research and quantitative analysis. Non-coding RNA will be categorized into two major groups by size: long non-coding RNAs and small RNAs. In long non-coding RNA, we discuss regular long non-coding RNA, pseudogenes and circular RNA. In small RNA, we discuss miRNA, transfer RNA, piwi-interacting RNA, small nucleolar RNA, small nuclear RNA, Y RNA, single recognition particle RNA, and 7SK RNA. We elaborate on the origin, detection method, and potential association with disease, putative functional mechanisms, and public resources for these non-coding RNAs. We aim to provide readers with a complete overview of non-coding RNAs and incite additional interest in non-coding RNA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University, Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - David C Samuels
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Shilin Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University, Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87102, USA.
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14
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Jovanović B, Sheng Q, Seitz RS, Lawrence KD, Morris SW, Thomas LR, Hout DR, Schweitzer BL, Guo Y, Pietenpol JA, Lehmann BD. Comparison of triple-negative breast cancer molecular subtyping using RNA from matched fresh-frozen versus formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:241. [PMID: 28376728 PMCID: PMC5379658 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3237-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease that lacks unifying molecular alterations that can guide therapy decisions. We previously identified distinct molecular subtypes of TNBC (TNBCtype) using gene expression data generated on a microarray platform using frozen tumor specimens. Tumors and cell lines representing the identified subtypes have distinct enrichment in biologically relevant transcripts with differing sensitivity to standard chemotherapies and targeted agents. Since our initial discoveries, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) has evolved as a sensitive and quantitative tool to measure transcript abundance. METHODS To demonstrate that TNBC subtypes were similar between platforms, we compared gene expression from matched specimens profiled by both microarray and RNA-seq from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). In the clinical care of patients with TNBC, tumor specimens collected for diagnostic purposes are processed by formalin fixation and paraffin-embedding (FFPE). Thus, for TNBCtype to eventually have broad and practical clinical utility we performed RNA-seq gene expression and molecular classification comparison between fresh-frozen (FF) and FFPE tumor specimens. RESULTS Analysis of TCGA showed consistent subtype calls between 91% of evaluable samples demonstrating conservation of TNBC subtypes across microarray and RNA-seq platforms. We compared RNA-seq performed on 21-paired FF and FFPE TNBC specimens and evaluated genome alignment, transcript coverage, differential transcript enrichment and concordance of TNBC molecular subtype calls. We demonstrate that subtype accuracy between matched FF and FFPE samples increases with sequencing depth and correlation strength to an individual TNBC subtype. CONCLUSIONS TNBC subtypes were reliably identified from FFPE samples, with highest accuracy if the samples were less than 4 years old and reproducible subtyping increased with sequencing depth. To reproducibly subtype tumors using gene expression, it is critical to select genes that do not vary due to platform type, tissue processing or RNA isolation method. The majority of differentially expressed transcripts between matched FF and FFPE samples could be attributed to transcripts selected for by RNA enrichment method. While differentially expressed transcripts did not impact TNBC subtyping, they will provide guidance on determining which transcripts to avoid when implementing a gene set size reduction strategy. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT00930930 07/01/2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Jovanović
- Medical Oncology Department, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School and Broad Institute, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Quanhu Sheng
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, 37232, TN, USA
| | - Robert S Seitz
- Insight Genetics Incorporated, Nashville, 37217, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Lance R Thomas
- Insight Genetics Incorporated, Nashville, 37217, TN, USA
| | - David R Hout
- Insight Genetics Incorporated, Nashville, 37217, TN, USA
| | | | - Yan Guo
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, 37232, TN, USA
| | | | - Brian D Lehmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, 37232, TN, USA. .,Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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15
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The Utilization of Formalin Fixed-Paraffin-Embedded Specimens in High Throughput Genomic Studies. Int J Genomics 2017; 2017:1926304. [PMID: 28246590 PMCID: PMC5299160 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1926304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
High throughput genomic assays empower us to study the entire human genome in short time with reasonable cost. Formalin fixed-paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue processing remains the most economical approach for longitudinal tissue specimen storage. Therefore, the ability to apply high throughput genomic applications to FFPE specimens can expand clinical assays and discovery. Many studies have measured the accuracy and repeatability of data generated from FFPE specimens using high throughput genomic assays. Together, these studies demonstrate feasibility and provide crucial guidance for future studies using FFPE specimens. Here, we summarize the findings of these studies and discuss the limitations of high throughput data generated from FFPE specimens across several platforms that include microarray, high throughput sequencing, and NanoString.
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