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Potential Implications of Rimonabant on Age-Related Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010162. [PMID: 35052666 PMCID: PMC8773212 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, growing interest has turned to preventive and therapeutic approaches for achieving successful aging. Oxidative stress and inflammation are fundamental features of cardiovascular diseases; therefore, potential targets of them can improve cardiac outcomes. Our study aimed to examine the involvement of the endocannabinoid system, especially the CB1 receptor blockade, on inflammatory and oxidant/antioxidant processes. Twenty-month-old female and male Wistar rats were divided into rimonabant-treated and aging control (untreated) groups. Rimonabant, a selective CB1 receptor antagonist, was administered at the dose of 1 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally for 2 weeks. Cardiac amounts of ROS, the antioxidant glutathione and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the activity and concentration of the heme oxygenase (HO) enzyme were detected. Among inflammatory parameters, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity were measured. Two weeks of low dose rimonabant treatment significantly reduced the cardiac ROS via boosting of the antioxidant defense mechanisms as regards the HO system, and the SOD and glutathione content. Consistently, the age-related inflammatory response was alleviated. Rimonabant-treated animals showed significantly decreased NF-κB, TNF-α, and MPO levels. Our findings prove the beneficial involvement of CB1 receptor blocker rimonabant on inflammatory and oxidative damages to the aging heart.
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Nuclear Receptors in Myocardial and Cerebral Ischemia-Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212326. [PMID: 34830207 PMCID: PMC8617737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly 18 million people died from cardiovascular diseases in 2019, of these 85% were due to heart attack and stroke. The available therapies although efficacious, have narrow therapeutic window and long list of contraindications. Therefore, there is still an urgent need to find novel molecular targets that could protect the brain and heart against ischemia without evoking major side effects. Nuclear receptors are one of the promising targets for anti-ischemic drugs. Modulation of estrogen receptors (ERs) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) by their ligands is known to exert neuro-, and cardioprotective effects through anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory or anti-oxidant action. Recently, it has been shown that the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is strongly increased after brain or heart ischemia and evokes an activation of apoptosis or inflammation in injury site. We hypothesize that activation of ERs and PPARs and inhibition of AhR signaling pathways could be a promising strategy to protect the heart and the brain against ischemia. In this Review, we will discuss currently available knowledge on the mechanisms of action of ERs, PPARs and AhR in experimental models of stroke and myocardial infarction and future perspectives to use them as novel targets in cardiovascular diseases.
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Carneiro MAS, Oliveira Júnior GND, de Sousa JFR, Orsatti CL, Murta EFC, Michelin MA, Cyrino ES, Orsatti FL. Effect of whole-body resistance training at different load intensities on circulating inflammatory biomarkers, body fat, muscular strength, and physical performance in postmenopausal women. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 46:925-933. [PMID: 34283660 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to identify the impact of whole-body resistance training (RT) at different load intensities on adipokines, adhesion molecules, and extracellular heat shock proteins in postmenopausal women. As secondary purpose, we analyzed the impact of RT at different load intensities on body fat, muscular strength, and physical performance. Forty participants were randomized into lower-load intensity RT (LIRT, n = 20, 30-35 repetition maximum in the first set of each exercise) or higher-load intensity RT (HIRT, n = 20, 8-12 repetition maximum in the first set of each exercise). Adipokines (adiponectin and leptin), adhesion molecules (MCP-1 and ICAM-1), extracellular heat shock proteins (HO-1 and eHSP60), body fat, muscular strength (1RM), and physical performance [400-meter walking test (400-M) and 6-minute walking test (6MWT)] were analyzed at baseline and after 12-weeks RT. There was a significant time-by-group interaction for eHSP60 (P = 0.049) and 400-M (P = 0.003), indicating superiority of HIRT (d = 0.47 and 0.55). However, both groups similarly improved adiponectin, ICAM-1, HO-1, body fat, 1RM, and 6MWT (P < 0.05). Our study suggests that load intensity does not seem to determine the RT effect on several obesity-related pro-inflammatory and chemotactic compounds, body fat, 1RM, and 6MWT in postmenopausal women, although a greater improvement has been revealed for eHSP60 and 400-M in HIRT. Novelty: Higher-load intensity resistance training improves eHSP60 and 400-M in postmenopausal women. Resistance training improves the inflammatory profile, body fat, muscle strength, and 6MWT, regardless of load intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo A S Carneiro
- Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Metabolism, Nutrition and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gersiel N de Oliveira Júnior
- Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jairo F R de Sousa
- Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Claudio L Orsatti
- Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Department of Health Science, Oeste Paulista University - UNOESTE, Jaú, SP, Brazil
| | - Eddie F C Murta
- Research Institute of Oncology, Departament of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Márcia A Michelin
- Research Institute of Oncology, Departament of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edilson S Cyrino
- Metabolism, Nutrition and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fábio L Orsatti
- Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Department of Sport Sciences, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Szabó R, Hoffmann A, Börzsei D, Kupai K, Veszelka M, Berkó AM, Pávó I, Gesztelyi R, Juhász B, Turcsán Z, Pósa A, Varga C. Hormone Replacement Therapy and Aging: A Potential Therapeutic Approach for Age-Related Oxidative Stress and Cardiac Remodeling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8364297. [PMID: 33623635 PMCID: PMC7875635 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8364297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Advanced age is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which might be further exacerbated by estrogen deficiency. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) decreases cardiovascular risks and events in postmenopausal women; however, its effects are not fully elucidated in older individuals. Thus, the aim of our study is to examine the impact of HRT on oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis and cardiac remodeling. In our experiment, control (fertile) and aging (~20-month-old) female Wistar rats were used. Aging rats were further divided into estrogen- (E2, 0.1 mg/kg/day per os) or raloxifene- (RAL, 1.0 mg/kg/day per os) treated subgroups. After 2 weeks of treatment, cardiac heme oxygenase (HO) activity, total glutathione (GSH) content, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity, and the concentrations of collagen type I and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-2), as well as the infarct size, were determined. The aging process significantly decreased the antioxidant HO activity and GSH content, altered the MMP-2/TIMP-2 signaling, and resulted in an excessive collagen accumulation, which culminated in cardiovascular injury. However, 2 weeks of either E2 or RAL treatment enhanced the antioxidant defense mechanisms and attenuated cardiac remodeling related to aging. Our findings clearly show that 2-week-long HRT is a potential intervention to bias successful cardiovascular aging via reducing oxidative damage and cardiovascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renáta Szabó
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Hoffmann
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Denise Börzsei
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kupai
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
- 1st Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Médea Veszelka
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Anikó Magyariné Berkó
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Imre Pávó
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Béla Juhász
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Turcsán
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Anikó Pósa
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Varga
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
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Leptin administration during lactation leads to different nutritional, biometric, hemodynamic, and cardiac outcomes in prepubertal and adult female Wistar rats. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2021; 12:870-875. [PMID: 33517945 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174420001312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Literature reports that insults, such as hormonal disturbances, during critical periods of development may modulate organism physiology and metabolism favoring cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) later in life. Studies show that leptin administration during lactation leads to cardiovascular dysfunction in young and adult male Wistar rats. However, there are sex differences regarding CVD. Thus, the present work aimed to investigate neonatal leptin administration's consequences on different outcomes in female rats at prepubertal and adult age. Newborn Wistar female rats were divided into two groups, Leptin and Control, receiving daily subcutaneous injections of this adipokine (8 μg/100 g) or saline for the first 10 of 21 d of lactation. Nutritional, biometric, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic parameters, as well as maximal effort ergometer performance, were determined at postnatal days (PND) 30 and 150. Leptin group presented lower food intake (p = 0.0003) and higher feed efficiency (p = 0.0058) between PND 21 and 30. Differences concerning echocardiographic parameters revealed higher left ventricle internal diameter (LVID) in systole (p = 0.0051), as well as lower left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) (p = 0.0111) and fractional shortening (FS) (p = 0.0405) for this group at PND 30. Older rats treated with leptin during lactation presented only higher LVID in systole (p = 0.0270). Systolic blood pressure and maximum effort ergometer test performance was similar between groups at both ages. These data suggest that nutritional, biometric, and cardiac outcomes due to neonatal leptin administration in female rats are age-dependent.
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da Silva JS, Montagnoli TL, Rocha BS, Tacco MLCA, Marinho SCP, Zapata-Sudo G. Estrogen Receptors: Therapeutic Perspectives for the Treatment of Cardiac Dysfunction after Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E525. [PMID: 33430254 PMCID: PMC7825655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptors (ER) mediate functions beyond their endocrine roles, as modulation of cardiovascular, renal, and immune systems through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, preventing necrosis of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells, and attenuating cardiac hypertrophy. Estradiol (E2) prevents cardiac dysfunction, increases nitric oxide synthesis, and reduces the proliferation of vascular cells, yielding protective effects, regardless of gender. Such actions are mediated by ER (ER-alpha (ERα), ER-beta (ERβ), or G protein-coupled ER (GPER)) through genomic or non-genomic pathways, which regulate cardiovascular function and prevent tissue remodeling. Despite the extensive knowledge on the cardioprotective effects of estrogen, clinical studies conducted on myocardial infarction (MI) and cardiovascular diseases still include favorable and unfavorable profiles. The purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date information regarding molecular, preclinical, and clinical aspects of cardiovascular E2 effects and ER modulation as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of MI-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline S. da Silva
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.S.d.S.); (T.L.M.); (B.S.R.); (M.L.C.A.T.); (S.C.P.M.)
| | - Tadeu L. Montagnoli
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.S.d.S.); (T.L.M.); (B.S.R.); (M.L.C.A.T.); (S.C.P.M.)
| | - Bruna S. Rocha
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.S.d.S.); (T.L.M.); (B.S.R.); (M.L.C.A.T.); (S.C.P.M.)
| | - Matheus L. C. A. Tacco
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.S.d.S.); (T.L.M.); (B.S.R.); (M.L.C.A.T.); (S.C.P.M.)
| | - Sophia C. P. Marinho
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.S.d.S.); (T.L.M.); (B.S.R.); (M.L.C.A.T.); (S.C.P.M.)
| | - Gisele Zapata-Sudo
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.S.d.S.); (T.L.M.); (B.S.R.); (M.L.C.A.T.); (S.C.P.M.)
- Instituto de Cardiologia Edson Saad, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
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Silva EH, Wickramatilake CM, Lekamwasam S, Mudduwa LKB, Ubayasiri RA. Bone Mineral Density and Content Among Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Comparative Study. Am J Med Sci 2020; 361:751-758. [PMID: 33892918 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Some studies indicate an association between coronary artery disease (CAD) and osteoporosis. This case-control study examined the association between body composition and bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) among patients with CAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS A group of men (n = 73) with established CAD and age and sex matched controls (n=65) were included in the study. Data collected included socio-demographic information, disease related data (from cases), anthropometric measurements, serum vitamin D, calcium and phosphorous and body composition analysis using DEXA. Two groups were compared using independent sample t-test, Mann Whitney U-test or Chi square test. Pearson correlation and regression models were used to test the associations between body compartments. RESULTS Among cases, the mean disease duration was 29 (range 5-192) months and 15% had triple vessel disease. Patients had higher mean total body fat mass (TBFM) (18869.7 vs 16733.0) g, p = 0.018), truncal fat mass (TRFM) (9259.1 vs 7992.5 g, p = 0.009) and fat percentage (28.6 vs 25.9%, p = 0.001) compared to controls. Median serum vitamin D level was significantly lower among patients (20.0 ng/mL) compared to controls (27.1 ng/mL) (p = 0.003). In both groups, TBFM and total body lean mass (TBLM) both showed significant positive correlations with total body BMD/BMC and regional BMDs. Of the two, TBLM emerged the best predictor of TBBMC/TBBMD. These associations were greater among patients than controls. CONCLUSIONS TBLM appears to be the strongest predictor of TBBMD and TBBMC in patients and controls. The strength of associations was greater among patients compared to controls even after adjusting for possible confounders .
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Affiliation(s)
- Eranga H Silva
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka.
| | | | - Sarath Lekamwasam
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka
| | - Lakmini K B Mudduwa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka
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A Potential Involvement of Anandamide in the Modulation of HO/NOS Systems: Women, Menopause, and "Medical Cannabinoids". Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228801. [PMID: 33233803 PMCID: PMC7699915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocannabinoids and their receptors are present in the cardiovascular system; however, their actions under different pathological conditions remain controversial. The aim of our study was to examine the effects of anandamide (AEA) on heme oxygenase (HO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) systems in an estrogen-depleted rat model. Sham-operated (SO) and surgically induced estrogen-deficient (OVX) female Wistar rats were used. During a two-week period, a group of OVX rats received 0.1 mg/kg estrogen (E2) per os, while AEA-induced alterations were analyzed after two weeks of AEA treatment at the dose of 1.0 mg/kg. At the end of the experiment, cardiac activity and expression of HO and NOS enzymes, content of cannabinoid 1 receptor, as well as concentrations of transient potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were measured. Our results show that estrogen withdrawal caused a significant decrease in both NOS and HO systems, and a similar tendency was observed regarding the TRPV1/CGRP pathway. Two weeks of either AEA or E2 treatment restored the adverse changes; however, the combined administration of these two molecules did not result in a further improvement. In light of the potential relationship between AEA and HO/NOS systems, AEA-induced upregulation of HO/NOS enzymes may be a therapeutic strategy in estrogen-deficient conditions.
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Teoh JP, Li X, Simoncini T, Zhu D, Fu X. Estrogen-Mediated Gaseous Signaling Molecules in Cardiovascular Disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2020; 31:773-784. [PMID: 32682630 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gender difference is well recognized as a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Estrogen, the primary female sex hormone, improves cardiovascular functions through receptor (ERα, ERβ, or G protein-coupled estrogen receptor)-initiated genomic or non-genomic mechanisms. Gaseous signaling molecules, including nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbon monoxide (CO), are important regulators of cardiovascular function. Recent studies have demonstrated that estrogen regulates the production of these signaling molecules in cardiovascular cells to exert its cardiovascular protective effects. We discuss current understanding of gaseous signaling molecules in cardiovascular disease (CVD), the underlying mechanisms through which estrogen exerts cardiovascular protective effects by regulating these molecules, and how these findings can be translated to improve the health of postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Peng Teoh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511518, P.R. China; Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, P.R. China
| | - Xiaosa Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511518, P.R. China; Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, P.R. China
| | - Tommaso Simoncini
- Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Pisa 56100, Italy
| | - Dongxing Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511518, P.R. China; Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511518, P.R. China; Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, P.R. China.
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Liu J, Liu J, Bai M, Wang H. Protective effect of puerarin against burn-induced heart injury in rats. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:275-282. [PMID: 32536996 PMCID: PMC7282049 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the potential protective effects of puerarin and its associated mechanism on burn-induced myocardial damage. A total of 40 healthy adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: i) Sham; ii) burn; iii) burn + puerarin; and iv) puerarin. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-6 were measured using ELISA. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined in myocardial homogenates using a commercial assay kit. TUNEL staining and western blot analysis of cleaved and pro-caspase-3 were also performed to assess apoptosis. Activation of p38-MAPK, ERK, JNK and AKT were measured using western blot analysis. Left ventricular systolic pressure, maximum rates of increase/decrease in left ventricular pressure, creatine kinase MB activity and cardiac troponin T levels were found to be altered in the burn group 12 h after burn, which were reversed by puerarin treatment. Injection of puerarin following burn injury also reduced heart water content. Serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly higher in the burn group compared with those in the sham group. Puerarin treatment reduced serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6, in addition to reducing MPO activity and MDA levels in myocardial tissues. Puerarin inhibited the activation of caspase-3, p38, ERK and JNK following severe burn, but elevated Akt activation following severe burn. In conclusion, puerarin improved cardiac function in rats following severe burn injury, which may be due to reduced myocardial injury, inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and reduced oxidative inflammatory stress; the MAPK and AKT signaling pathways are proposed to the underlying mechanism of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Liu
- Department of Burn, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Department of Burn, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Bai
- Department of Burn, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Burn, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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Sabbatini AR, Kararigas G. Estrogen-related mechanisms in sex differences of hypertension and target organ damage. Biol Sex Differ 2020; 11:31. [PMID: 32487164 PMCID: PMC7268741 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-020-00306-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) events, target organ damage (TOD), premature death and disability worldwide. The pathophysiology of HTN is complex and influenced by many factors including biological sex. Studies show that the prevalence of HTN is higher among adults aged 60 and over, highlighting the increase of HTN after menopause in women. Estrogen (E2) plays an important role in the development of systemic HTN and TOD, exerting several modulatory effects. The influence of E2 leads to alterations in mechanisms regulating the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, body mass, oxidative stress, endothelial function and salt sensitivity; all associated with a crucial inflammatory state and influenced by genetic factors, ultimately resulting in cardiac, vascular and renal damage in HTN. In the present article, we discuss the role of E2 in mechanisms accounting for the development of HTN and TOD in a sex-specific manner. The identification of targets with therapeutic potential would contribute to the development of more efficient treatments according to individual needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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12
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Börzsei D, Szabó R, Hoffmann A, Veszelka M, Pávó I, Turcsán Z, Viczián C, Kupai K, Varga C, Pósa A. Distinct Approaches of Raloxifene: Its Far-Reaching Beneficial Effects Implicating the HO-System. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030375. [PMID: 32121307 PMCID: PMC7175347 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) were discovered in the mid-1900s in connection with estrogen-related pathological conditions. They were developed to antagonize the adverse effects of estrogen and have been shown to be effective against postmenopausal disorders manifested by estrogen deficiency. Raloxifene (RAL), one of the most widely used SERMs, expresses estrogen-like effects on bones, while it is found to be an antagonist on breast and uterus. RAL has multiple beneficial effects throughout the body, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, because of which it gains particular attention. Additionally, previous studies have revealed that RAL is an efficient modulator of heme-oxygenase (HO) expression. HO, through its general activity, participates in comprehensive cell defense processes, thus the induction of HO by RAL administration indicates a major role in its therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we compile the current knowledge about the overall metabolic, neurocognitive, and cardiovascular effects of RAL involving the cytoprotective HO-system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Börzsei
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.B.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (M.V.); (I.P.); (Z.T.); (C.V.); (K.K.); (C.V.)
| | - Renáta Szabó
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.B.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (M.V.); (I.P.); (Z.T.); (C.V.); (K.K.); (C.V.)
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Hoffmann
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.B.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (M.V.); (I.P.); (Z.T.); (C.V.); (K.K.); (C.V.)
| | - Médea Veszelka
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.B.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (M.V.); (I.P.); (Z.T.); (C.V.); (K.K.); (C.V.)
| | - Imre Pávó
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.B.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (M.V.); (I.P.); (Z.T.); (C.V.); (K.K.); (C.V.)
| | - Zsolt Turcsán
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.B.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (M.V.); (I.P.); (Z.T.); (C.V.); (K.K.); (C.V.)
| | - Csaba Viczián
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.B.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (M.V.); (I.P.); (Z.T.); (C.V.); (K.K.); (C.V.)
| | - Krisztina Kupai
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.B.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (M.V.); (I.P.); (Z.T.); (C.V.); (K.K.); (C.V.)
| | - Csaba Varga
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.B.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (M.V.); (I.P.); (Z.T.); (C.V.); (K.K.); (C.V.)
| | - Anikó Pósa
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.B.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (M.V.); (I.P.); (Z.T.); (C.V.); (K.K.); (C.V.)
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-62-544884; Fax: +36-62-544291
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13
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Spotlight on a New Heme Oxygenase Pathway: Testosterone-Induced Shifts in Cardiac Oxidant/Antioxidant Status. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8080288. [PMID: 31394727 PMCID: PMC6720826 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A low testosterone level contributes to the development of oxidative damages; however, the cardiovascular effects of exogenous hormone therapy are not well elucidated. The aim of our work is to study the association of the testosterone level, antioxidant/oxidant system, and anti-inflammatory status related to the heme oxygenase (HO) system. To determine the effects of testosterone, 10-week-old, and 24-month-old sham-operated and castrated male Wistar rats were used. One part of the castrated animals was daily treated with 2.5 mg/kg cyproterone acetate, while the hormone replacement therapy was performed via an i.m. injection of a dose of 8.0 mg testosterone undecanoate/kg/once a week. The plasma testosterone level, the activity of HO and myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzymes; the concentrations of the HO-1, tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), as well as the total level of glutathione (GSH + GSSG) were determined from the cardiac left ventricle. In accordance with the testosterone values, the aging process and castration resulted in a decrease in antioxidant HO activity, HO-1 and cGMP concentrations and in the level of GSH + GSSG, whereas the inflammatory TNF-α and MPO activity significantly increased. Testosterone therapy was able to restore the physiological values. Our results clearly show that testosterone replacement therapy increases the antioxidant status and mitigates the inflammatory parameters via the modulation of the HO system.
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14
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Szabó R, Börzsei D, Karácsonyi Z, Gesztelyi R, Nemes K, Berkó AM, Veszelka M, Török S, Kupai K, Varga C, Juhász B, Pósa A. Postconditioning-like effect of exercis: new paradigm in experimental menopause. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 316:H400-H407. [PMID: 30575421 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00485.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The progression of coronary artery diseases in premenopausal women is lower than in age-matched men; however, its probability increases rapidly after menopause. The aim of our study was to investigate the postconditioning-like effects of voluntary physical exercise on postmenopausal cardiovascular outcomes after myocardial infarction. We used fertile Wistar females [control (CTRL)] and pharmacologically induced estrogen-deficient (POVX; 750 µg/kg triptorelin im, every 4th week) rats. CTRL and POVX animals were randomly assigned to receive an injection of 0.1 mg isoproterenol (ISO)/kg. At the 20th hour after ISO injection, serum markers of myocardial injury, such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and myoglobin, were measured. After a 3-wk resting period, ISO-treated and untreated animals were further divided into subgroups on the basis of 6 wk of physical exercise. At the end of the experiment, cardiac activity and content of the antioxidative heme oxygenase (HO) enzyme, levels of GSH and GSH + GSSG, activity of myeloperoxidase, as well as the concentration of TNF-α were determined. At the end of the experimental period, we observed a significant decrease in the activity and content of HO enzymes in POVX and POVX/ISO rats, whereas physical exercise significantly improved HO and GSH values in both CTRL and POVX rats. Furthermore, our training protocol significantly reduced the pathological levels of myeloperoxidase and TNF-α. Our findings clearly demonstrate that modulation of the HO system by voluntary physical exercise is a key process to decrease inflammatory parameters and ameliorate the antioxidative status in estrogen-deficient conditions postmyocardial injury. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We used a noninvasive rat model of estrogen deficiency and myocardial infarction. The long-term effects of isoproterenol treatment revealed reduced heme oxygenase enzyme activity and expression and decreased glutathione levels. Isoproterenol treatment enhanced the myeloperoxidase enzyme activity. Voluntary physical exercise ameliorated the antioxidative status by increasing of the heme oxygenase enzyme system. Voluntary physical exercise is a potential therapeutic tool to improve cardiac antioxidant status in menopausal women postmyocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renáta Szabó
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Denise Börzsei
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Zoltán Karácsonyi
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Kolos Nemes
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Anikó Magyariné Berkó
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Médea Veszelka
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Szilvia Török
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kupai
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Csaba Varga
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Béla Juhász
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Anikó Pósa
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
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