1
|
Koroleva EA, Goryainova OS, Ivanova TI, Rutovskaya MV, Zigangirova NA, Tillib SV. Anti-Idiotypic Nanobodies Mimicking an Epitope of the Needle Protein of the Chlamydial Type III Secretion System for Targeted Immune Stimulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2047. [PMID: 38396724 PMCID: PMC10889375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of new approaches and drugs for effective control of the chronic and complicated forms of urogenital chlamydia caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, which is suspected to be one of the main causes of infertility in both women and men, is an urgent task. We used the technology of single-domain antibody (nanobody) generation both for the production of targeting anti-chlamydia molecules and for the subsequent acquisition of anti-idiotypic nanobodies (ai-Nbs) mimicking the structure of a given epitope of the pathogen (the epitope of the Chlamydial Type III Secretion System Needle Protein). In a mouse model, we have shown that the obtained ai-Nbs are able to induce a narrowly specific humoral immune response in the host, leading to the generation of intrinsic anti-Chlamydia antibodies, potentially therapeutic, specifically recognizing a given antigenic epitope of Chlamydia. The immune sera derived from mice immunized with ai-Nbs are able to suppress chlamydial infection in vitro. We hypothesize that the proposed method of the creation and use of ai-Nbs, which mimic and present to the host immune system exactly the desired region of the antigen, create a fundamentally new universal approach to generating molecular structures as a part of specific vaccine for the targeted induction of immune response, especially useful in cases where it is difficult to prepare an antigen preserving the desired epitope in its native conformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Koroleva
- Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 34/5, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.K.)
- National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after the Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana S. Goryainova
- Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 34/5, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.K.)
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana I. Ivanova
- Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 34/5, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.K.)
| | - Marina V. Rutovskaya
- Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 34/5, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.K.)
| | - Naylia A. Zigangirova
- National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after the Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei V. Tillib
- Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 34/5, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.K.)
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Russi RC, del Balzo D, Reidel IG, Alonso Bivou M, Flor N, Lujan A, Sanchez D, Damiani MT, Veaute C. Evaluation of three formulations based on Polymorphic membrane protein D in mice infected with Chlamydia trachomatis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1267684. [PMID: 38045697 PMCID: PMC10690417 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1267684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The significant impact of Chlamydia trachomatis(Ct) infections worldwide highlights the need to develop a prophylactic vaccine that elicits effective immunity and protects the host from the immunopathological effects of Ct infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate a vaccine based on a fragment of the Polymorphic membrane protein D (FPmpD) of C. trachomatis as an immunogen using a heterologous DNA prime-protein boost strategy in female mice Three different formulations were evaluated as protein boost: free recombinant FPmpD (rFPmpD) or rFPmpD formulated with a liposomal adjuvant alternatively supplemented with CpG or a cationic gemini lipopeptide as immunostimulants. The three candidates induced an increase in the cervicovaginal and systemic titers of anti-rFPmpD antibodies in two strains of mice (BALB/c and C57BL/6), with no evidence of fertility alterations. The three formulations induced a rapid and robust humoral immune response upon the Ct challenge. However, the booster with free rFPmpD more efficiently reduced the shedding of infective Ct and prevented the development of immunopathology. The formulations containing adjuvant induced a strong inflammatory reaction in the uterine tissue. Hence, the prime-boost strategy with the adjuvant-free FPmpD vaccine formulation might constitute a promissory candidate to prevent C. trachomatis intravaginal infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romina Cecilia Russi
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica e Inmunidad, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IMBECUCONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Diego del Balzo
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica e Inmunidad, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IMBECUCONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Ivana Gabriela Reidel
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Mariano Alonso Bivou
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica e Inmunidad, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IMBECUCONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Noelia Flor
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Agustín Lujan
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica e Inmunidad, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IMBECUCONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Diego Sanchez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica e Inmunidad, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IMBECUCONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Teresa Damiani
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica e Inmunidad, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IMBECUCONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Carolina Veaute
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dold C, Marsay L, Wang N, Silva-Reyes L, Clutterbuck E, Paterson GK, Sharkey K, Wyllie D, Beernink PT, Hill AV, Pollard AJ, Rollier CS. An adenoviral-vectored vaccine confers seroprotection against capsular group B meningococcal disease. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade3901. [PMID: 37343082 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade3901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Adenoviral-vectored vaccines are licensed for prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Ebola virus, but, for bacterial proteins, expression in a eukaryotic cell may affect the antigen's localization and conformation or lead to unwanted glycosylation. Here, we investigated the potential use of an adenoviral-vectored vaccine platform for capsular group B meningococcus (MenB). Vector-based candidate vaccines expressing MenB antigen factor H binding protein (fHbp) were generated, and immunogenicity was assessed in mouse models, including the functional antibody response by serum bactericidal assay (SBA) using human complement. All adenovirus-based vaccine candidates induced high antigen-specific antibody and T cell responses. A single dose induced functional serum bactericidal responses with titers superior or equal to those induced by two doses of protein-based comparators, as well as longer persistence and a similar breadth. The fHbp transgene was further optimized for human use by incorporating a mutation abrogating binding to the human complement inhibitor factor H. The resulting vaccine candidate induced high and persistent SBA responses in transgenic mice expressing human factor H. The optimized transgene was inserted into the clinically relevant ChAdOx1 backbone, and this vaccine has now progressed to clinical development. The results of this preclinical vaccine development study underline the potential of vaccines based on genetic material to induce functional antibody responses against bacterial outer membrane proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Dold
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Leanne Marsay
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Nelson Wang
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Laura Silva-Reyes
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Elizabeth Clutterbuck
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Gavin K Paterson
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Kelsey Sharkey
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - David Wyllie
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Peter T Beernink
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Adrian V Hill
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Andrew J Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Christine S Rollier
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao T, Yang B, Li H, Qian A, Cong W, Sun W, Kang Y. Essential role of ascO for virulence of Aeromonas veronii and inducing apoptosis. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:1477-1489. [PMID: 35749548 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii is a significant pathogen that is capable of infecting humans, animals, and aquatic animals. The type III secretion system (T3SS) is intimately associated with bacterial pathogenicity. The ascO gene is an important core component of T3SS in A. veronii, but its function is still unclear. The ascO gene of A. veronii TH0426 was deleted by using the pRE112 suicide plasmid to study its function. The study results showed that the ability of ∆ascO to adhere and invade EPC cells was significantly reduced by 1.28 times. The toxicity of the mutant strain ΔascO to EPC cells was consistently significantly lower than wild-type strain TH0426 at 1, 2, and 4 h. The LD50 values of ∆ascO against zebrafish and Carassius auratus (C. auratus) were 53 and 15 times that of the wild-type strain. In addition, the bacterial load of the mutant strain ΔascO in blood, heart, liver, and spleen was lower than wild-type strain TH0426. The Hoechst staining showed that the apoptotic degree of EPC cells induced by the mutant strain ΔascO was lower than that of the wild-type strain TH0426. Furthermore, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis revealed lower expression levels of pro-apoptotic genes (including cytC, cas3, cas9, TNF-α, and IL-1β) in C. auratus tissues infected with the mutant strain ΔascO compared to the wild-type strain TH0426. The results of in vivo and in vitro experiments have shown that ascO gene mutation can reduce the adhesion and toxicity of A. veronii to EPC and reduce the level of apoptosis induced by A. veronii. As a result, these insights will help further elucidate the function of the ascO gene and thus contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of A. veronii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Bintong Yang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Hongjin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Aidong Qian
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Cong
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Wuwen Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanhuan Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chavda VP, Pandya A, Kypreos E, Patravale V, Apostolopoulos V. Chlamydia trachomatis: quest for an eye-opening vaccine breakthrough. Expert Rev Vaccines 2022; 21:771-781. [PMID: 35470769 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2061461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chlamydia trachomatis, commonly referred to as chlamydia (a bacterium), is a common sexually transmitted infection, and if attended to early, it can be treatable. However, if left untreated it can lead to serious consequences. C. trachomatis infects both females and males although its occurrence in females is more common, and it can spread to the eyes causing disease and in some case blindness. AREA COVERED With ongoing attempts in the most impoverished regions of the country, trachoma will be eradicated as a blinding disease by the year 2022. A prophylactic vaccine candidate with established safety and efficacy is a cogent tool to achieve this goal. This manuscript covers the vaccine development programs for chlamydial infection. EXPERT OPINION Currently, the Surgery Antibiotics Facial Environmental (SAFE) program is being implemented in endemic countries in order to reduce transmission and control of the disease. Vaccines have been shown over the years to protect against infectious diseases. Charge variant-based adjuvant can also be used for the successful delivery of chlamydial specific antigen for efficient vaccine delivery through nano delivery platform. Thus, a vaccine against C. trachomatis would be of great public health benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad India
| | - Anjali Pandya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai India
| | - Erica Kypreos
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai India
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne VIC Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Heterologous prime-boost vaccination based on Polymorphic protein D protects against intravaginal Chlamydia trachomatis infection in mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6664. [PMID: 35459778 PMCID: PMC9030682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10633-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of the worldwide spread of sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection urgently demands the development of a preventive vaccine. In this work, we designed a vaccine based on a fragment of polymorphic protein D (FPmpD) that proved to be immunogenic enough to generate a robust systemic and mucosal IgG humoral immune response in two strains of mice. We used a heterologous prime-boost strategy, including simultaneous systemic and mucosal administration routes. The high titers of anti-PmpD antibodies elicited by this immunization scheme did not affect murine fertility. We tested the vaccine in a mouse model of Ct intravaginal infection. Anti-PmpD antibodies displayed potent neutralizing activity in vitro and protective effects in uterine tissues in vivo. Notably, the humoral immune response of PmpD-vaccinated mice was faster and stronger than the primary immune response of non-vaccinated mice when exposed to Ct. FPmpD-based vaccine effectively reduced Ct shedding into cervicovaginal fluids, bacterial burden at the genitourinary tract, and overall infectivity. Hence, the FPmpD-based vaccine might constitute an efficient tool to protect against Ct intravaginal infection and decrease the infection spreading.
Collapse
|
7
|
de la Maza LM, Darville TL, Pal S. Chlamydia trachomatis vaccines for genital infections: where are we and how far is there to go? Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:421-435. [PMID: 33682583 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1899817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen in the world. Antibiotic treatment does not prevent against reinfection and a vaccine is not yet available. AREAS COVERED We focus the review on the progress made of our understanding of the immunological responses required for a vaccine to elicit protection, and on the antigens, adjuvants, routes of immunization and delivery systems that have been tested in animal models. PubMed and Google Scholar were used to search publication on these topics for the last 5 years and recent Reviews were examined. EXPERT OPINION The first Phase 1 clinical trial of a C. trachomatis vaccine to protect against genital infections was successfully completed. We expect that, in the next five years, additional vaccine clinical trials will be implemented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis M de la Maza
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Medical Sciences, I, Room D440 University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Toni L Darville
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sukumar Pal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Medical Sciences, I, Room D440 University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Robbins A, Hanger J, Jelocnik M, Quigley BL, Timms P. Koala immunogenetics and chlamydial strain type are more directly involved in chlamydial disease progression in koalas from two south east Queensland koala populations than koala retrovirus subtypes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15013. [PMID: 32929174 PMCID: PMC7490398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlamydial disease control is increasingly utilised as a management tool to stabilise declining koala populations, and yet we have a limited understanding of the factors that contribute to disease progression. To examine the impact of host and pathogen genetics, we selected two geographically separated south east Queensland koala populations, differentially affected by chlamydial disease, and analysed koala major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes, circulating strains of Chlamydia pecorum and koala retrovirus (KoRV) subtypes in longitudinally sampled, well-defined clinical groups. We found that koala immunogenetics and chlamydial genotypes differed between the populations. Disease progression was associated with specific MHC alleles, and we identified two putative susceptibility (DCb 03, DBb 04) and protective (DAb 10, UC 01:01) variants. Chlamydial genotypes belonging to both Multi-Locus Sequence Typing sequence type (ST) 69 and ompA genotype F were associated with disease progression, whereas ST 281 was associated with the absence of disease. We also detected different ompA genotypes, but not different STs, when long-term infections were monitored over time. By comparison, KoRV profiles were not significantly associated with disease progression. These findings suggest that chlamydial genotypes vary in pathogenicity and that koala immunogenetics and chlamydial strains are more directly involved in disease progression than KoRV subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Robbins
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy Downs, QLD, 4556, Australia.,Endeavour Veterinary Ecology Pty Ltd, 1695 Pumicestone Road, Toorbul, QLD, 4510, Australia
| | - Jonathan Hanger
- Endeavour Veterinary Ecology Pty Ltd, 1695 Pumicestone Road, Toorbul, QLD, 4510, Australia
| | - Martina Jelocnik
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy Downs, QLD, 4556, Australia
| | - Bonnie L Quigley
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy Downs, QLD, 4556, Australia
| | - Peter Timms
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy Downs, QLD, 4556, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marschall MT, Simnacher U, Walther P, Essig A, Hagemann JB. The Putative Type III Secreted Chlamydia abortus Virulence-Associated Protein CAB063 Targets Lamin and Induces Apoptosis. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1059. [PMID: 32523581 PMCID: PMC7261910 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Since intracellular survival of all chlamydiae depends on the manipulation of the host cell through type III secreted effector proteins, their characterization is crucial for the understanding of chlamydial pathogenesis. We functionally characterized the putative type III secreted Chlamydia abortus protein CAB063, describe its intracellular localization and identified pro- and eukaryotic binding partners. Based on an experimental infection model and plasmid transfections, we investigated the subcellular localization of CAB063 by immunofluorescence microscopy, immunoelectron microscopy, and Western blot analysis. Pro- and eukaryotic targets were identified by co-immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometry. Transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry were used for morphological and functional investigations on host cell apoptosis. CAB063 localized in the nuclear membrane of the host cell nucleus and we identified the chaperone HSP70 and lamin A/C as pro- and eukaryotic targets, respectively. CAB063-dependent morphological alterations of the host cell nucleus correlated with increased apoptosis rates of infected and CAB063-transfected cells. We provide evidence that CAB063 is a chaperone-folded type III secreted C. abortus virulence factor that targets lamin thereby altering the host cell nuclear membrane structure. This process may be responsible for an increased apoptosis rate at the end of the chlamydial developmental cycle, at which CAB063 is physiologically expressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrike Simnacher
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Paul Walther
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Essig
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lizárraga D, Carver S, Timms P. Navigating to the most promising directions amid complex fields of vaccine development: a chlamydial case study. Expert Rev Vaccines 2019; 18:1323-1337. [PMID: 31773996 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1698954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Vaccine-development research is proliferating making it difficult to determine the most promising vaccine candidates. Exemplary of this problem is vaccine development against Chlamydia, a pathogen of global public health and financial importance.Methods: We systematically extracted data from studies that included chlamydial load or host immune parameter measurements, estimating 4,453 standardized effect sizes between control and chlamydial immunization experimental groups.Results: Chlamydial immunization studies most often used (78%) laboratory mouse models. Depending on chlamydial species, single and multiple recombinant protein, viral and bacterial vectors, dendritic transfer, and dead whole pathogen were most effective at reducing chlamydial load. Immunization-driven decrease in chlamydial load was associated with increases in IFNg, IgA, IgG1, and IgG2a. Using data from individual studies, the magnitude of IgA and IgG2a increase was correlated with chlamydial load reduction. IFNg also showed this pattern for C. trachomatis, but not for C. muridarum. We also reveal the chlamydial vaccine development field to be highly bias toward studies showing these effects, limiting lessons learned from negative results.Conclusions: Most murine immunizations against Chlamydia reduced chlamydial load and increased host immune parameters. These methods are novel for vaccine development and are critical in identifying trends where large quantities of literature exist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Lizárraga
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.,School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
| | - Scott Carver
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Peter Timms
- School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hotinger JA, May AE. Animal Models of Type III Secretion System-Mediated Pathogenesis. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8040257. [PMID: 31766664 PMCID: PMC6963218 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8040257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The type III secretion system (T3SS) is a conserved virulence factor used by many Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria and has become an important target for anti-virulence drugs. Most T3SS inhibitors to date have been discovered using in vitro screening assays. Pharmacokinetics and other important characteristics of pharmaceuticals cannot be determined with in vitro assays alone. In vivo assays are required to study pathogens in their natural environment and are an important step in the development of new drugs and vaccines. Animal models are also required to understand whether T3SS inhibition will enable the host to clear the infection. This review covers selected animal models (mouse, rat, guinea pig, rabbit, cat, dog, pig, cattle, primates, chicken, zebrafish, nematode, wax moth, flea, fly, and amoeba), where T3SS activity and infectivity have been studied in relation to specific pathogens (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Shigella spp., Bordetella spp., Vibrio spp., Chlamydia spp., and Yersinia spp.). These assays may be appropriate for those researching T3SS inhibition.
Collapse
|
12
|
Lombardi C, Tolchard J, Bouillot S, Signor L, Gebus C, Liebl D, Fenel D, Teulon JM, Brock J, Habenstein B, Pellequer JL, Faudry E, Loquet A, Attrée I, Dessen A, Job V. Structural and Functional Characterization of the Type Three Secretion System (T3SS) Needle of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:573. [PMID: 31001211 PMCID: PMC6455054 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The type three secretion system (T3SS) is a macromolecular protein nano-syringe used by different bacterial pathogens to inject effectors into host cells. The extracellular part of the syringe is a needle-like filament formed by the polymerization of a 9-kDa protein whose structure and proper localization on the bacterial surface are key determinants for efficient toxin injection. Here, we combined in vivo, in vitro, and in silico approaches to characterize the Pseudomonas aeruginosa T3SS needle and its major component PscF. Using a combination of mutagenesis, phenotypic analyses, immunofluorescence, proteolysis, mass spectrometry, atomic force microscopy, electron microscopy, and molecular modeling, we propose a model of the P. aeruginosa needle that exposes the N-terminal region of each PscF monomer toward the outside of the filament, while the core of the fiber is formed by the C-terminal helix. Among mutations introduced into the needle protein PscF, D76A, and P47A/Q54A caused a defect in the assembly of the needle on the bacterial surface, although the double mutant was still cytotoxic on macrophages in a T3SS-dependent manner and formed filamentous structures in vitro. These results suggest that the T3SS needle of P. aeruginosa displays an architecture that is similar to that of other bacterial needles studied to date and highlight the fact that small, targeted perturbations in needle assembly can inhibit T3SS function. Therefore, the T3SS needle represents an excellent drug target for small molecules acting as virulence blockers that could disrupt pathogenesis of a broad range of bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Lombardi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| | - James Tolchard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nanoobjects, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (CBMN), UMR5248 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Stephanie Bouillot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Cellular Responses Group, U1036 INSERM, ERL5261 CNRS, CEA, Grenoble, France
| | - Luca Signor
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Gebus
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Cellular Responses Group, U1036 INSERM, ERL5261 CNRS, CEA, Grenoble, France
| | - David Liebl
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Cellular Responses Group, U1036 INSERM, ERL5261 CNRS, CEA, Grenoble, France
| | - Daphna Fenel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Marie Teulon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| | - Juliane Brock
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| | - Birgit Habenstein
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nanoobjects, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (CBMN), UMR5248 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Jean-Luc Pellequer
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Faudry
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Cellular Responses Group, U1036 INSERM, ERL5261 CNRS, CEA, Grenoble, France
| | - Antoine Loquet
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nanoobjects, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (CBMN), UMR5248 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Ina Attrée
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Cellular Responses Group, U1036 INSERM, ERL5261 CNRS, CEA, Grenoble, France
| | - Andréa Dessen
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France.,Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Viviana Job
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France.,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Cellular Responses Group, U1036 INSERM, ERL5261 CNRS, CEA, Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Thema N, Tshilwane S, Pretorius A, Son L, Smith R, Steyn H, Liebenberg J, van Kleef M. Identification and characterisation of conserved epitopes of E. ruminantium that activate Th1 CD4+ T cells: Towards the development of a multi-epitope vaccine. Mol Immunol 2019; 107:106-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
14
|
Habenstein B, El Mammeri N, Tolchard J, Lamon G, Tawani A, Berbon M, Loquet A. Structures of Type III Secretion System Needle Filaments. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2019; 427:109-131. [PMID: 31974760 DOI: 10.1007/82_2019_192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Among the Gram-negative bacterial secretion systems, type III secretion systems (T3SS) possess a unique extracellular molecular apparatus called the needle. This macromolecular protein assembly is a nanometre-size filament formed by the helical arrangement of hundreds of copies of a single, small protein, which is highly conserved between T3SSs from animal to plant bacterial pathogens. The needle filament forms a hollow tube with a channel ~20 Å in diameter that serves as a conduit for proteins secreted into the targeted host cell. In the past ten years, technical breakthroughs in biophysical techniques such as cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy have uncovered atomic resolution details about the T3SS needle assembly. Several high-resolution structures of Salmonella typhimurium and Shigella flexneri T3SS needles have been reported demonstrating a common structural fold. These structural models have been used to explain the active role of the needle in transmitting the host-cell contact signal from the tip to the base of the T3SS through conformational changes as well as during the injection of effector proteins. In this chapter, we summarize the current knowledge about the structure and the role of the T3SS needle during T3SS assembly and effector secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Habenstein
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5248, European Institute of Chemistry and Biology, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, Pessac, 33607, France.
| | - Nadia El Mammeri
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5248, European Institute of Chemistry and Biology, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, Pessac, 33607, France
| | - James Tolchard
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5248, European Institute of Chemistry and Biology, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, Pessac, 33607, France
| | - Gaëlle Lamon
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5248, European Institute of Chemistry and Biology, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, Pessac, 33607, France
| | - Arpita Tawani
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5248, European Institute of Chemistry and Biology, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, Pessac, 33607, France
| | - Mélanie Berbon
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5248, European Institute of Chemistry and Biology, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, Pessac, 33607, France
| | - Antoine Loquet
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5248, European Institute of Chemistry and Biology, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, Pessac, 33607, France.
| |
Collapse
|