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Chen G, Lin T, Wu M, Cai G, Wu C, Ding Q, Xu J, Chen H, Li W, Xu G, Lan Y. Causal Association of Cytokines and Growth Factors with Stroke and Its Subtypes: a Mendelian Randomization Study. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3212-3222. [PMID: 37979035 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03752-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines and growth factors contribute to nerve growth and angiogenesis and are associated with the development of vascular disease. This Mendelian randomization (MR) study was designed to examine the causal relationship between factors associated with stem cell paracrine mechanisms and with stroke and its subtypes. We used pooled statistics on cytokine levels from three studies (INTERIAL, Olink Proseek CVD array, and KORA) encompassing 7795 participants in Europe. Data for stroke and its subtypes were pooled from these European populations (40,585 cases and 406,111 controls) in a multiprogenitor genome-wide association study (GWAS). MR was performed using established analytical methods, including inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median (WM), and MR-Egger. Genetically determined high IGF-1 levels were found to associate negatively with risk of stroke, ischemic stroke (large-artery atherosclerosis), and ischemic stroke (cardiogenic embolism). Meanwhile, high IL-13 levels had a positive causal relationship with ischemic stroke (large-artery atherosclerosis). An additional 27 cytokines were found to have a causal association with stroke or its subtypes. However, these results should be interpreted with caution given that the power efficacy was <80%. This MR study supports the concept of a causal relationship of 29 cytokines with stroke or its subtypes. Our genetic analysis provides new insights into stroke prevention and treatment by demonstrating an association of stem cell paracrine-related cytokines with stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengbin Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Postgraduate Research Institute, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tuo Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manfeng Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guiyuan Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, No. 106 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qian Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, No. 106 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiayue Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongying Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanqi Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangqing Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, No. 106 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Yue Lan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aging Frailty and Neurorehabilitation, Guangzhou, China.
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Kim YW, Bak SB, Baek SY, Kim IK, Lee WY, Yun UJ, Park KI. Mylabris phalerata induces the apoptosis and cell cycle delay in HCC, and potentiates the effect of sorafenib based on the molecular and network pharmacology approach. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00300-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Zhu H, Hu S, Li Y, Sun Y, Xiong X, Hu X, Chen J, Qiu S. Interleukins and Ischemic Stroke. Front Immunol 2022; 13:828447. [PMID: 35173738 PMCID: PMC8841354 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.828447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke after cerebral artery occlusion is one of the major causes of chronic disability worldwide. Interleukins (ILs) play a bidirectional role in ischemic stroke through information transmission, activation and regulation of immune cells, mediating the activation, multiplication and differentiation of T and B cells and in the inflammatory reaction. Crosstalk between different ILs in different immune cells also impact the outcome of ischemic stroke. This overview is aimed to roughly discuss the multiple roles of ILs after ischemic stroke. The roles of IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17, IL-18, IL-19, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-32, IL-33, IL-34, IL-37, and IL-38 in ischemic stroke were discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Siping Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
| | - Yuntao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyao Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjing Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junjing Chen, ; Sheng Qiu,
| | - Sheng Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junjing Chen, ; Sheng Qiu,
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Lee S, Lee M. MEK6 Overexpression Exacerbates Fat Accumulation and Inflammatory Cytokines in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13559. [PMID: 34948353 PMCID: PMC8709004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a state of abnormal fat accumulation caused by an energy imbalance potentially caused by changes in multiple factors. MEK6 engages in cell growth, such as inflammation and apoptosis, as one of the MAPK signaling pathways. The MEK6 gene was found to be related to RMR, a gene associated with obesity. Because only a few studies have investigated the correlation between MEK6 and obesity or the relevant mechanisms, we conducted an experiment using a TgMEK6 model with MEK6 overexpression with non-Tg and chow diet as the control to determine changes in lipid metabolism in plasma, liver, and adipose tissue after a 15-week high-fat diet (HFD). MEK6 overexpression in the TgMEK6 model significantly increased body weight and plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol levels. p38 activity declined in the liver and adipose tissues and lowered lipolysis, oxidation, and thermogenesis levels, contributing to decreased energy consumption. In the liver, lipid formation and accumulation increased, and in adipose, adipogenesis and hypertrophy increased. The adiponectin/leptin ratio significantly declined in plasma and adipose tissue of the TgMEK6 group following MEK6 expression and the HFD, indicating the role of MEK6 expression in adipokine regulation. Plasma and bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) of the TgMEK6 group increased MEK6 expression-dependent secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines but decreased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, further exacerbating the results exhibited by the diet-induced obesity group. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the synergistic effect of MEK6 with HFD in fat accumulation by significantly inhibiting the mechanisms of lipolysis in the adipose and M2 associated cytokines secretion in the BMDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Lee
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul 01133, Korea;
| | - Myoungsook Lee
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul 01133, Korea;
- Research Institute of Obesity Sciences, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul 01133, Korea
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FOXE1-Dependent Regulation of Macrophage Chemotaxis by Thyroid Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147666. [PMID: 34299284 PMCID: PMC8307198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box E1 (FOXE1) is a lineage-restricted transcription factor involved in thyroid cancer susceptibility. Cancer-associated polymorphisms map in regulatory regions, thus affecting the extent of gene expression. We have recently shown that genetic reduction of FOXE1 dosage modifies multiple thyroid cancer phenotypes. To identify relevant effectors playing roles in thyroid cancer development, here we analyse FOXE1-induced transcriptional alterations in thyroid cells that do not express endogenous FOXE1. Expression of FOXE1 elicits cell migration, while transcriptome analysis reveals that several immune cells-related categories are highly enriched in differentially expressed genes, including several upregulated chemokines involved in macrophage recruitment. Accordingly, FOXE1-expressing cells induce chemotaxis of co-cultured monocytes. We then asked if FOXE1 was able to regulate macrophage infiltration in thyroid cancers in vivo by using a mouse model of cancer, either wild type or with only one functional FOXE1 allele. Expression of the same set of chemokines directly correlates with FOXE1 dosage, and pro-tumourigenic M2 macrophage infiltration is decreased in tumours with reduced FOXE1. These data establish a novel link between FOXE1 and macrophages recruitment in the thyroid cancer microenvironment, highlighting an unsuspected function of this gene in the crosstalk between neoplastic and immune cells that shape tumour development and progression.
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Hu H, Garcia-Barrio M, Jiang ZS, Chen YE, Chang L. Roles of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Hypertension and Atherosclerosis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:736-749. [PMID: 32390459 PMCID: PMC7910418 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), which is present surrounding most blood vessels, from the aorta to the microvasculature of the dermis, is mainly composed of fat cells, fibroblasts, stem cells, mast cells, and nerve cells. Although the PVAT is objectively present, its physiological and pathological significance has long been ignored. Recent Advances: PVAT was considered as a supporting component of blood vessels and a protective cushion to the vessel wall from the neighboring tissues during relaxation and contraction. Nonetheless, further extensive research found that PVAT actively regulates blood vessel tone through PVAT-derived vasoactive factors, including both relaxing and contracting factors. In addition, PVAT contributes to atherosclerosis through paracrine secretion of a large number of bioactive factors such as adipokines and cytokines. Thereby, PVAT regulates the functions of blood vessels through various mechanisms operating directly on PVAT or on the underlying vessel layers, including vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). Critical Issues: PVAT is a unique adipose tissue that plays an essential role in maintaining the vascular structure and regulating vascular function and homeostasis. This review focuses on recent updates on the various PVAT roles in hypertension and atherosclerosis. Future Directions: Future studies should further investigate the actual contribution of alterations in PVAT metabolism to the overall systemic outcomes of cardiovascular disease, which remains largely unknown. In addition, the messengers and underlying mechanisms responsible for the crosstalk between PVAT and ECs and VSMCs in the vascular wall should be systematically addressed, as well as the contributions of PVAT aging to vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengjing Hu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Minerva Garcia-Barrio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Zhi-Sheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yuqing Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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What Do Primary Healthcare Providers and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Practitioners in Palestine Need to Know about Exercise for Cancer Patients and Survivors: A Consensual Study Using the Delphi Technique. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:7695818. [PMID: 31118968 PMCID: PMC6500610 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7695818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Exercise has physiologic and psychological benefits for cancer patients and survivors. Today, various exercises are recommended as adjunct to therapies for cancer patients and survivors. This study was conducted to develop a consensual core list of important knowledge items that primary healthcare providers and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practitioners need to know on the role of exercises and physical activities in stimulating anticancer immunity. Methods Knowledge items were collected following interviews with key contact experts (4 oncologists, 3 exercise and medicine specialists, 2 researchers, 2 cancer patients, and 3 survivors) and extensive literature review. The collected knowledge items were rated by 9 researchers who conducted research on exercise and cancer. A modified two-iterative Delphi technique was employed among a panel (n = 65) of healthcare providers and CAM practitioners to develop the consensual core list of knowledge items. Results Of the 49 knowledge items, consensus was achieved on 45 (91.8%) items in 6 categories. Of those, 9 (20.0%) were general items on recommending moderate to vigorous habitual exercises and physical activities. The rest of items were related to the effects of habitual exercises and physical activities on the functions of immune system and exposure to carcinogens 16 (35.6%), anticancer therapies 12 (26.7%), metastasis of cancer 3 (6.7%), metabolism within tumors 3 (6.7%), and myokines release 2 (4.4%). Conclusion Formal consensus was achieved for the first time on a core list of knowledge items on how exercises and physical activities might stimulate anticancer immunity. This core list might be considered at the time of developing training/educational interventions and/or continuing education for primary healthcare providers and CAM practitioners. Future studies are still needed to investigate if such consensual lists might improve congruence in cancer care continuum and improve survival rates and wellbeing of cancer patients and survivors.
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Kim B, Kim EY, Lee EJ, Han JH, Kwak CH, Jung YS, Lee SO, Chung TW, Ha KT. Panax notoginseng Inhibits Tumor Growth through Activating Macrophage to M1 Polarization. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:1369-1385. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Among the herbal ingredients of HangAmDan-B, a medicinal formula that redirects macrophages to become tumoricidal effectors, we found that Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen is the active component responsible for its macrophage-mediated antitumor activity. The water extracted roots of P. notoginseng (PN) did not affect the viability of RAW264.7 murine macrophage-like cells and murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells up to a concentration of 100[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL. However, the transfer of culture media from PN-treated RAW264.7 cells suppressed the growth of LLC cells. The expression of classically activated (M1) markers, such as interleukin (IL)-1[Formula: see text], monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-[Formula: see text], and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), was increased by PN treatment. The expression of alternatively activated (M2) markers including CD206, IL-10, and [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-acetylhexosaminidases (YM-1) was reduced by PN treatment in the presence of IL-4. Flow cytometry also revealed that PN drives M1 activation of RAW264.7 cells. The transfer of culture media from PN-treated RAW264.7 cells induced the apoptosis of LLC cells as measured by flow cytometry using Annexin-V staining and western blot analysis for caspase cascade-related proteins. In addition, the results from in vivo tumor allograft model demonstrated that PN reduced both tumor volume and weight. The activation of macrophages toward an M1 phenotype was confirmed in the tumor allograft tumor model. These results collectively show that PN can serve as a potent anticancer agent through reeducation of macrophages toward an M1 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bosung Kim
- Department of Korean Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Yeong Kim
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medicine for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Lee
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medicine for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Han
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medicine for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Hwan Kwak
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Seop Jung
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Syng-Ook Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Chung
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Department of Korean Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medicine for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
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