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Correlation of Genetic Variants and the Incidence, Prevalence and Mortality Rates of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12030370. [PMID: 35330370 PMCID: PMC8954641 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer during childhood, representing about 30–35% of cases. Its etiology is complex and not fully understood. ALL is influenced by genetic variants, and their frequencies (Fq) vary in different ethnic groups, which consequently could influence the epidemiology of this cancer worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the genetic variants and their impacts on incidence (IC), mortality (MT), and prevalence (PV) rates of ALL in different world populations. Methods: Sixty variants were selected from the literature with Genome Wide Association studies (GWAS). Information regarding allele Fq was selected from the 1000 Genomes platform. Epidemiological data were taken from the Global Burden of disease visualisations (GBD) Compare website. Statistical analyses were calculated in RStudio v.3.5.1 software. Results: Four variants demonstrated significant results in correlations with epidemiological data for ALL. The PAX5 gene variant (rs2297105) had an indirect relationship with PV and IC of ALL, showing that an increased Fq of this variant is related to low rates of both. An increased Fq of rs915172 in EPB4IL2 gene was also correlated with a lower IC of ALL. The rs1048943 of the CYP1A1 gene and the rs3088440 polymorphism of the CDKN2A gene were shown to have a direct proportional relationship with MT rate, showing that an increased Fq of these variants correlates with a worse prognosis worldwide. Conclusion: Our study points out four important variants for understanding the IC, PV, and MT rates for ALL. The ascertainment of these data may help to choose molecular markers to investigate the susceptibility and prognosis of ALL.
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Wang L, Liang X, Liang M, Li D, Gu J, Huang W, Zhou J. PAX5 haploinsufficiency induces low T cell infiltration in the cancer microenvironment via reduced chemokines. Curr Mol Med 2021; 22:826-834. [PMID: 34872475 DOI: 10.2174/1566524021666211206094046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effects of PAXT mutations on tumor immunity. BACKGROUND Loss of function of PAX5 plays a key role in PAX5 mutation tumor. OBJECTIVE PAX5 haploinsufficiency promoting tumorigenesis is related to immune escape, but there was no report about mechanisms of PAX5 mutation inducing tumor immunological escape. METHOD We constructed the PAX5 haplodeletion A20 cell lines using gene-editing technology, built allografted A20 tumor models and evaluated the effect of PAX5 haplodeletion on T cells and chemokines in the tumor microenvironment (TME). RESULT Our results from different methods indicated percentages of CD3+ CD4+ T cells and CD3+ CD8+ T cells in TME of PAX5 haplodeletion clones decreased significantly compared with that of PAX5 wild type control. Several chemokines, such as Ccl2, Ccl4, Cxcl9 and Cxcl10, in TME of PAX5. CONCLUSION Our study showed that PAX5 haploinsufficiency induced low T cell infiltration in TME using decreased chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
| | - Xue Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
| | - Mi Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
| | - Dang Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
| | - Jia Gu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
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Liang M, Gong D, Wang L, Liang X, Meng J, Huang W, Zhou J. PAX5 haploinsufficiency induced CD8+ T cells dysfunction or exhaustion by high expression of immune inhibitory-related molecules. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2021; 28:100437. [PMID: 34425470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE PAX5 haploinsufficiency promoting tumorigenesis is related to immune escape. But the mechanisms of PAX5 mutations inducing tumor immune escape have not been clarified. Our aim was to study how PAX5 haploinsufficiency influences effector CD8 + T cells in tumor microenvironment. METHODS We estimated the proportions of 22 immune cell types and the expressions of immune inhibitory-related molecules based on gene expression profiles (GEPs) from children's B- acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL) with PAX5 mutations by CIBERSORT, an established algorithm. We constructed the PAX5 haplodeletion A20 cell lines, built allografted A20 tumor models and evaluated the effect of PAX5 haplodeletion on immune inhibitory-related molecules in the tumor microenvironment (TME). RESULTS Our results indicated the percentages of T cells in bone marrow of children's B-ALL with PAX5 mutations were not statistically different from that in bone marrow of B-ALL without PAX5 mutations, except for T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. But a variety of up-regulated immune inhibitory-related molecules in bone marrow of children's B- ALL with PAX5 mutations were identified. By different approaches, we found that several immune inhibitory-related molecules of CD8+ T cells in TME of PAX5 haplodeletion clones such as TIM3, NR4A1 and BATF, were increased significantly compared with that of PAX5 wild type control. The IFN-ɤ of CD8+ T cells in TME of PAX5 haplodeletion tumors was decreased significantly compared with that of PAX5 wild type control. CONCLUSION Our study showed that PAX5 haploinsufficiency induced CD8+ T cells dysfunction or exhaustion by high expression of TIM3, NR4A1 and BATF in the CD8+ T cells of TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
| | - Duanhao Gong
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
| | - Xue Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
| | - Jiao Meng
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China.
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
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Cheng L, Tang Y, Chen X, Zhao L, Liu S, Ma Y, Wang N, Zhou K, Zhou J, Zhou M. Deletion of MBD2 inhibits proliferation of chronic myeloid leukaemia blast phase cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:676-686. [PMID: 29565710 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1450113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant methylation of tumour suppressor genes is associated with the progression to a blast crisis in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) has been studied as a "reader" of DNA methylation in many cancers, but its role in CML is unclear. We constructed cell models of a homozygous deletion mutation of MBD2 using gene-editing technology in K562 cells and BV173 cells. Here, we demonstrated that the deletion of MBD2 inhibited cell proliferation capacity in vitro. MBD2 deletion also significantly inhibited K562 cell proliferation in a xenograft tumour model in vivo. Additionally, the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway, which is abnormally active in CML, was inhibited by MBD2 deletion, and MBD2 deletion could up-regulate the expression of SHP1. In conclusion, our findings suggest that MBD2 is a candidate therapeutic strategy for the CML blast phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Cheng
- a Department of Hematology , Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Ying Tang
- a Department of Hematology , Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Xing Chen
- a Department of Hematology , Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Lei Zhao
- a Department of Hematology , Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Songya Liu
- a Department of Hematology , Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Yanna Ma
- a Department of Hematology , Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Na Wang
- a Department of Hematology , Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Kuangguo Zhou
- a Department of Hematology , Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- a Department of Hematology , Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Mi Zhou
- a Department of Hematology , Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
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Liang X, Gu J, Li T, Zhao L, Fu X, Zhang W, Wang J, Shang Z, Huang W, Zhou J. PAX5 haploinsufficiency induce cancer cell dormancy in Raji cells. Exp Cell Res 2018; 367:30-36. [PMID: 29453973 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PAX5 mutations have important role in leukemogenesis and leukemia relapse, cancer cell dormancy participates in cancer relapse, but there was no report about PAX5 mutation inducing cancer cell dormancy. we constructed the PAX5 deletion Raji cell lines using gene editing technology, evaluated dormancy biological characteristics of cell lines. Our results showed PAX5 haploinsufficiency restrained the proliferation of Raji cells, induced G0/G1 arrest of Raji cells, reduced chemotherapy sensitivity. The tumor formation rate reduced in PAX5 mutation Raji cells. Our results showed PAX5 insufficiency induced cancer cell dormancy in Raji cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
| | - Jia Gu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
| | - TongJuan Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
| | - Xing Fu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen Shang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China.
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei, China
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