1
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Kuo A, Hla T. Regulation of cellular and systemic sphingolipid homeostasis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-024-00742-y. [PMID: 38890457 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00742-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
One hundred and fifty years ago, Johann Thudichum described sphingolipids as unusual "Sphinx-like" lipids from the brain. Today, we know that thousands of sphingolipid molecules mediate many essential functions in embryonic development and normal physiology. In addition, sphingolipid metabolism and signalling pathways are dysregulated in a wide range of pathologies, and therapeutic agents that target sphingolipids are now used to treat several human diseases. However, our understanding of sphingolipid regulation at cellular and organismal levels and their functions in developmental, physiological and pathological settings is rudimentary. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in sphingolipid pathways in different organelles, how secreted sphingolipid mediators modulate physiology and disease, progress in sphingolipid-targeted therapeutic and diagnostic research, and the trans-cellular sphingolipid metabolic networks between microbiota and mammals. Advances in sphingolipid biology have led to a deeper understanding of mammalian physiology and may lead to progress in the management of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kuo
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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2
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Tong Q, Yao L, Su M, Yang YG, Sun L. Thymocyte migration and emigration. Immunol Lett 2024; 267:106861. [PMID: 38697225 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic precursors (HPCs) entering into the thymus undergo a sequential process leading to the generation of a variety of T cell subsets. This developmental odyssey unfolds in distinct stages within the thymic cortex and medulla, shaping the landscape of T cell receptor (TCR) expression and guiding thymocytes through positive and negative selection. Initially, early thymic progenitors (ETPs) take residence in the thymic cortex, where thymocytes begin to express their TCR and undergo positive selection. Subsequently, thymocytes transition to the thymic medulla, where they undergo negative selection. Both murine and human thymocyte development can be broadly classified into distinct stages based on the expression of CD4 and CD8 coreceptors, resulting in categorizations as double negative (DN), double positive (DP) or single positive (SP) cells. Thymocyte migration to the appropriate thymic microenvironment at the right differentiation stage is pivotal for the development and the proper functioning of T cells, which is critical for adaptive immune responses. The journey of lymphoid progenitor cells into the T cell developmental pathway hinges on an ongoing dialogue between the differentiating cell and the signals emanating from the thymus niche. Herein, we review the contribution of the key factors mentioned above for the localization, migration and emigration of thymocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyue Tong
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, China
| | - Liyu Yao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengting Su
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, China
| | - Yong-Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, China.
| | - Liguang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, China.
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3
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Karam M, Auclair C. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate as Lung and Cardiac Vasculature Protecting Agent in SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13088. [PMID: 37685894 PMCID: PMC10488186 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may cause severe respiratory illness with high mortality. SARS-CoV-2 infection results in a massive inflammatory cell infiltration into the infected lungs accompanied by excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine production. The lung histology of dead patients shows that some areas are severely emphysematous, with enormously dilated blood vessels and micro-thromboses. The inappropriate inflammatory response damaging the pulmonary interstitial arteriolar walls suggests that the respiratory distress may come in a large part from lung vasculature injuries. It has been recently observed that low plasmatic sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a marker of a worse prognosis of clinical outcome in severe coronavirus disease (COVID) patients. S1P is an angiogenic molecule displaying anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties, that promote intercellular interactions between endothelial cells and pericytes resulting in the stabilization of arteries and capillaries. In this context, it can be hypothesized that the benefit of a normal S1P level is due to its protective effect on lung vasculature functionality. This paper provides evidence supporting this concept, opening the way for the design of a pharmacological approach involving the use of an S1P lyase inhibitor to increase the S1P level that in turn will rescue the lung vasculature functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Auclair
- AC BioTech, Villejuif Biopark, Cancer Campus, 1 mail du Professeur Georges Mathé, 94800 Villejuif, France;
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4
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Li F, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Yan L, Liu Q, Li Y, Pei X, Feng Y, Han X, Yang J, Zheng F, Li T, Zhang Y, Fu Z, Shao D, Yu J, Li C. Targeting SPHK1/S1PR3-regulated S-1-P metabolic disorder triggers autophagic cell death in pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM). Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:1065. [PMID: 36543771 PMCID: PMC9772321 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05511-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), a progressive pulmonary disease exclusively affecting females, is caused by defects or mutations in the coding gene tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1) or TSC2, causing the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation and autophagy inhibition. Clinically, rapamycin shows limited cytocidal effects, and LAM recurs after drug withdrawal. In this study, we demonstrated that TSC2 negatively regulated the sphingolipid metabolism pathway and the expressions of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 (S1PR3) were significantly elevated in LAM patient-derived TSC2-deficient cells compared to TSC2-addback cells, insensitive to rapamycin treatment and estrogen stimulation. Knockdown of SPHK1 showed reduced viability, migration and invasion in TSC2-deficient cells. Selective SPHK1 antagonist PF543 potently suppressed the viability of TSC2-deficient cells and induced autophagy-mediated cell death. Meanwhile, the cognate receptor S1PR3 was identified to mediating the tumorigenic effects of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Treatment with TY52156, a selective antagonist for S1PR3, or genetic silencing using S1PR3-siRNA suppressed the viability of TSC2-deficient cells. Both SPHK1 and S1PR3 inhibitors markedly exhibited antitumor effect in a xenograft model of TSC2-null cells, restored autophagy level, and triggered cell death. Together, we identified novel rapamycin-insensitive sphingosine metabolic signatures in TSC2-null LAM cells. Therapeutic targeting of aberrant SPHK1/S1P/S1PR3 signaling may have potent therapeutic benefit for patients with TSC/LAM or other hyperactive mTOR neoplasms with autophagy inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Zhoujun Lin
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Lizhong Yan
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Liu
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yin Li
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Pei
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Ya Feng
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Juan Yang
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Fangxu Zheng
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Tianjiao Li
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Zhenkun Fu
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China ,grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Immunology & Wu Lien-Teh Institute & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University & Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin, China
| | - Di Shao
- grid.414287.c0000 0004 1757 967XChongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, 400000 Chongqing, China ,Chonggang General Hospital, 400000 Chongqing, China
| | - Jane Yu
- grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
| | - Chenggang Li
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, P.R. China
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An Z, Zhao R, Han F, Sun Y, Liu Y, Liu L. Potential Serum Biomarkers Associated with Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes in the First Trimester. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:915935. [PMID: 35873552 PMCID: PMC9304655 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.915935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature rupture of the fetal membranes (PROM) is a common and important obstetric complication with increased risk of adverse consequences for both mothers and fetuses. An accurate and timely method to predict the occurrence of PROM is needed for ensuring maternal and fetal safety. Untargeted metabolomics was applied to characterize metabolite profiles related to PROM in early pregnancy. 41 serum samples from pregnant women who developed PROM later in gestation and 106 from healthy pregnant women as a control group, were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was adjusted to analyze a PROM prediction model in the first trimester. A WISH amniotic cell viability assay was applied to explore the underlying mechanisms involved in PROM, mediated by C8-dihydroceramide used to mimic a potential biomarker (Cer 40:0; O2). Compared with healthy controls, 13 serum metabolites were identified. The prediction model comprising four compounds (Cer 40:0; O2, sphingosine, isohexanal and PC O-38:4) had moderate accuracy to predict PROM events with the maximum area under the curve of a receiver operating characteristics curve of approximately 0.70. Of these four compounds, Cer 40:0; O2 with an 1.81-fold change between PROM and healthy control serum samples was defined as a potential biomarker and inhibited the viability of WISH cells. This study sheds light on predicting PROM in early pregnancy and on understanding the underlying mechanism of PROM.Trial Registration: This study protocol has been registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov, CT03651934, on 29 August 2018 (prior to recruitment).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoling An
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China Academic Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yanping Liu, ; Lihong Liu,
| | - Lihong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yanping Liu, ; Lihong Liu,
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6
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Pournajaf S, Dargahi L, Javan M, Pourgholami MH. Molecular Pharmacology and Novel Potential Therapeutic Applications of Fingolimod. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:807639. [PMID: 35250559 PMCID: PMC8889014 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.807639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fingolimod is a well-tolerated, highly effective disease-modifying therapy successfully utilized in the management of multiple sclerosis. The active metabolite, fingolimod-phosphate, acts on sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) to bring about an array of pharmacological effects. While being initially recognized as a novel agent that can profoundly reduce T-cell numbers in circulation and the CNS, thereby suppressing inflammation and MS, there is now rapidly increasing knowledge on its previously unrecognized molecular and potential therapeutic effects in diverse pathological conditions. In addition to exerting inhibitory effects on sphingolipid pathway enzymes, fingolimod also inhibits histone deacetylases, transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 (TRMP7), cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α), reduces lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) plasma levels, and activates protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Furthermore, fingolimod induces apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest, epigenetic regulations, macrophages M1/M2 shift and enhances BDNF expression. According to recent evidence, fingolimod modulates a range of other molecular pathways deeply rooted in disease initiation or progression. Experimental reports have firmly associated the drug with potentially beneficial therapeutic effects in immunomodulatory diseases, CNS injuries, and diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), epilepsy, and even cancer. Attractive pharmacological effects, relative safety, favorable pharmacokinetics, and positive experimental data have collectively led to its testing in clinical trials. Based on the recent reports, fingolimod may soon find its way as an adjunct therapy in various disparate pathological conditions. This review summarizes the up-to-date knowledge about molecular pharmacology and potential therapeutic uses of fingolimod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safura Pournajaf
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Dargahi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Wang J, Goren I, Yang B, Lin S, Li J, Elias M, Fiocchi C, Rieder F. Review article: the sphingosine 1 phosphate/sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor axis - a unique therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022; 55:277-291. [PMID: 34932238 PMCID: PMC8766911 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ozanimod, a high selective sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P) receptor (S1PR) 1/5 modulator was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of adult patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. Additional S1PR modulators are being tested in clinical development programmes for both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. AIM To provide an overview of advances in understanding S1PRs biology and summarise preclinical and clinical investigations of S1P receptor modulators in chronic inflammatory disease with special emphasis on inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). METHODS We performed a narrative review using PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov. RESULTS Through S1PRs, S1P regulates multiple cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, survival, and vascular barrier integrity. The S1PRs function of regulating lymphocyte trafficking is well known, but new functions of S1PRs expand our knowledge of S1PRs biology. Several S1PR modulators are in clinical development for both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease and have shown promise in phase II and III studies with ozanimod now being approved for ulcerative colitis. CONCLUSIONS S1P receptor modulators constitute a novel, promising, safe, and convenient strategy for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drug, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China,Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Idan Goren
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel, Affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Bo Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drug, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Sinan Lin
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiannan Li
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael Elias
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Claudio Fiocchi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute; Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, USA
| | - Florian Rieder
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute; Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, USA
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8
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Xu G, Yang Z, Sun Y, Dong H, Ma J. Interaction of microRNAs with sphingosine kinases, sphingosine-1 phosphate, and sphingosine-1 phosphate receptors in cancer. Discov Oncol 2021; 12:33. [PMID: 35201458 PMCID: PMC8777508 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-021-00430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a pleiotropic lipid mediator, participates in various cellular processes during tumorigenesis, including cell proliferation, survival, drug resistance, metastasis, and angiogenesis. S1P is formed by two sphingosine kinases (SphKs), SphK1 and SphK2. The intracellularly produced S1P is delivered to the extracellular space by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and spinster homolog 2 (SPNS2), where it binds to five transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors to mediate its oncogenic functions (S1PR1-S1PR5). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, 21-25 nucleotides in length, that play numerous crucial roles in cancer, such as tumor initiation, progression, apoptosis, metastasis, and angiogenesis via binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the target mRNA. There is growing evidence that various miRNAs modulate tumorigenesis by regulating the expression of SphKs, and S1P receptors. We have reviewed various roles of miRNAs, SphKs, S1P, and S1P receptors (S1PRs) in malignancies and how notable miRNAs like miR-101, miR-125b, miR-128, and miR-506, miR-1246, miR-21, miR-126, miR499a, miR20a-5p, miR-140-5p, miR-224, miR-137, miR-183-5p, miR-194, miR181b, miR136, and miR-675-3p, modulate S1P signaling. These tumorigenesis modulating miRNAs are involved in different cancers including breast, gastric, hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate, colorectal, cervical, ovarian, and lung cancer via cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, apoptosis, metastasis, immune evasion, chemoresistance, and chemosensitivity. Therefore, understanding the interaction of SphKs, S1P, and S1P receptors with miRNAs in human malignancies will lead to better insights for miRNA-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangmeng Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 China
| | - Zecheng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 China
| | - Yamin Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 China
| | - Hongmei Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 China
| | - Jingru Ma
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 China
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Nema R, Kumar A. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Catabolizing Enzymes Predict Better Prognosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients and Correlates With Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:697922. [PMID: 34235182 PMCID: PMC8255376 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.697922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a poor prognosis. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a potent sphingolipid metabolite, has been implicated in many processes that are important for breast cancer (BC). S1P signaling regulates tumorigenesis, and response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy by affecting the trafficking, differentiation or effector function of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). Objective: In this study, using bioinformatics tools and publicly available databases, we have analyzed the prognostic value of S1P metabolizing genes and their correlation with TIICs in BC patients. Methods: The expression of S1P metabolizing genes and receptors was evaluated by the UALCAN cancer database. The correlation between mRNA expression of S1P metabolizing genes and receptors and survival outcome of breast cancer patients was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier plotter database. The association between the gene expression and infiltration of immune cells in the tumors was analyzed by "Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). In silico protein expression analysis was done using the Human Protein Atlas" database. Results: TNBC patients with lower expression of S1P phosphatase 1 (SGPP1) or lipid phosphate phosphatase 3 (PLPP3) have much shorter relapse-free survival than the patients with a higher expression of these genes. SGPP1 and PLPP3 expression show a strong positive correlation with tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (DCs), CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, and macrophages in the TNBC subtypes. In addition, S1P receptor 4 (S1PR4), an S1P receptor exhibit a strong positive correlation with DCs, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and neutrophils in TNBC. We, therefore, conclude that low expression of SGPP1 and PLPP3 may hinder the recruitment of immune cells to the tumor environment, resulting in the blockage of cancer cell clearance and a subsequent poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhopal, Bhopal, India
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10
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Giussani P, Prinetti A, Tringali C. The Role of Sphingolipids in Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126492. [PMID: 34204326 PMCID: PMC8234743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is now considered an innovative and strong strategy to beat metastatic, drug-resistant, or relapsing tumours. It is based on the manipulation of several mechanisms involved in the complex interplay between cancer cells and immune system that culminates in a form of immune-tolerance of tumour cells, favouring their expansion. Current immunotherapies are devoted enforcing the immune response against cancer cells and are represented by approaches employing vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, interleukins, checkpoint inhibitors, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells. Despite the undoubted potency of these treatments in some malignancies, many issues are being investigated to amplify the potential of application and to avoid side effects. In this review, we discuss how sphingolipids are involved in interactions between cancer cells and the immune system and how knowledge in this topic could be employed to enhance the efficacy of different immunotherapy approaches. In particular, we explore the following aspects: how sphingolipids are pivotal components of plasma membranes and could modulate the functionality of surface receptors expressed also by immune cells and thus their functionality; how sphingolipids are related to the release of bioactive mediators, sphingosine 1-phosphate, and ceramide that could significantly affect lymphocyte egress and migration toward the tumour milieu, in addition regulating key pathways needed to activate immune cells; given the renowned capability of altering sphingolipid expression and metabolism shown by cancer cells, how it is possible to employ sphingolipids as antigen targets.
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11
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Role of bioactive sphingolipids in physiology and pathology. Essays Biochem 2021; 64:579-589. [PMID: 32579188 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a class of complex lipids containing a backbone of sphingoid bases, namely the organic aliphatic amino alcohol sphingosine (Sph), that are essential constituents of eukaryotic cells. They were first described as major components of cell membrane architecture, but it is now well established that some sphingolipids are bioactive and can regulate key biological functions. These include cell growth and survival, cell differentiation, angiogenesis, autophagy, cell migration, or organogenesis. Furthermore, some bioactive sphingolipids are implicated in pathological processes including inflammation-associated illnesses such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease (namely Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), type II diabetes, obesity, and cancer. A major sphingolipid metabolite is ceramide, which is the core of sphingolipid metabolism and can act as second messenger, especially when it is produced at the plasma membrane of cells. Ceramides promote cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. However, ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P), the product of ceramide kinase (CerK), and Sph 1-phosphate (S1P), which is generated by the action of Sph kinases (SphK), stimulate cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis. Recently, C1P has been implicated in the spontaneous migration of cells from some types of cancer, and can enhance cell migration/invasion of malignant cells through interaction with a Gi protein-coupled receptor. In addition, CerK and SphK are implicated in inflammatory responses, some of which are associated with cancer progression and metastasis. Hence, targeting these sphingolipid kinases to inhibit C1P or S1P production, or blockade of their receptors might contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies to reduce metabolic alterations and disease.
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12
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Lam BWS, Yam TYA, Chen CP, Lai MKP, Ong WY, Herr DR. The noncanonical chronicles: Emerging roles of sphingolipid structural variants. Cell Signal 2020; 79:109890. [PMID: 33359087 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids (SPs) are structurally diverse and represent one of the most quantitatively abundant classes of lipids in mammalian cells. In addition to their structural roles, many SP species are known to be bioactive mediators of essential cellular processes. Historically, studies have focused on SP species that contain the canonical 18‑carbon, mono-unsaturated sphingoid backbone. However, increasingly sensitive analytical technologies, driven by advances in mass spectrometry, have facilitated the identification of previously under-appreciated, molecularly distinct SP species. Many of these less abundant species contain noncanonical backbones. Interestingly, a growing number of studies have identified clinical associations between these noncanonical SPs and disease, suggesting that there is functional significance to the alteration of SP backbone structure. For example, associations have been found between SP chain length and cardiovascular disease, pain, diabetes, and dementia. This review will provide an overview of the processes that are known to regulate noncanonical SP accumulation, describe the clinical correlations reported for these molecules, and review the experimental evidence for the potential functional implications of their dysregulation. It is likely that further scrutiny of noncanonical SPs may provide new insight into pathophysiological processes, serve as useful biomarkers for disease, and lead to the design of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Wan Shing Lam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ting Yu Amelia Yam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christopher P Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mitchell K P Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei-Yi Ong
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Deron R Herr
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA; American University of Health Sciences, Long Beach, CA, USA.
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13
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Chua XY, Ho LTY, Xiang P, Chew WS, Lam BWS, Chen CP, Ong WY, Lai MKP, Herr DR. Preclinical and Clinical Evidence for the Involvement of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Signaling in the Pathophysiology of Vascular Cognitive Impairment. Neuromolecular Med 2020; 23:47-67. [PMID: 33180310 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-020-08632-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphates (S1Ps) are bioactive lipids that mediate a diverse range of effects through the activation of cognate receptors, S1P1-S1P5. Scrutiny of S1P-regulated pathways over the past three decades has identified important and occasionally counteracting functions in the brain and cerebrovascular system. For example, while S1P1 and S1P3 mediate proinflammatory effects on glial cells and directly promote endothelial cell barrier integrity, S1P2 is anti-inflammatory but disrupts barrier integrity. Cumulatively, there is significant preclinical evidence implicating critical roles for this pathway in regulating processes that drive cerebrovascular disease and vascular dementia, both being part of the continuum of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). This is supported by clinical studies that have identified correlations between alterations of S1P and cognitive deficits. We review studies which proposed and evaluated potential mechanisms by which such alterations contribute to pathological S1P signaling that leads to VCI-associated chronic neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Notably, S1P receptors have divergent but overlapping expression patterns and demonstrate complex interactions. Therefore, the net effect produced by S1P represents the cumulative contributions of S1P receptors acting additively, synergistically, or antagonistically on the neural, vascular, and immune cells of the brain. Ultimately, an optimized therapeutic strategy that targets S1P signaling will have to consider these complex interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ying Chua
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Leona T Y Ho
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Ping Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee Siong Chew
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brenda Wan Shing Lam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christopher P Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Kent Ridge, Singapore
| | - Wei-Yi Ong
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
- Neurobiology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Mitchell K P Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Kent Ridge, Singapore.
| | - Deron R Herr
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
- American University of Health Sciences, Long Beach, CA, USA.
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14
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Pons G, Riba D, Casasampere M, Izquierdo E, Abad JL, Fabriàs G, Rodríguez Ortega PG, López-González JJ, Montejo M, Casas J, Delgado A. A Mechanism-Based Sphingosine-1-phosphate Lyase Inhibitor. J Org Chem 2020; 85:419-429. [PMID: 31860798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of vinylated analogues of sphingosine-1-phosphate together with their unambiguous configurational assignment by VCD methods is reported. Among them, compound RBM10-8 can irreversibly inhibit human sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (hS1PL) while behaving also as an enzyme substrate. These findings, together with the postulated mechanism for S1PL activity, reinforce the role of RBM10-8 as a new mechanism-based hS1PL inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Pons
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Jordi Girona 18-26 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Daniel Riba
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Jordi Girona 18-26 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Mireia Casasampere
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Jordi Girona 18-26 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain.,University of Barcelona (UB) , Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Unit of Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Associated Unit to CSIC) , Avda. Joan XXIII s/n , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Eduardo Izquierdo
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Jordi Girona 18-26 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain.,University of Barcelona (UB) , Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Unit of Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Associated Unit to CSIC) , Avda. Joan XXIII s/n , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - José-Luís Abad
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Jordi Girona 18-26 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Gemma Fabriàs
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Jordi Girona 18-26 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
| | - Pilar G Rodríguez Ortega
- University of Jaén , Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry , Campus Las Lagunillas , 23071 Jaén , Spain
| | - Juan J López-González
- University of Jaén , Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry , Campus Las Lagunillas , 23071 Jaén , Spain
| | - Manuel Montejo
- University of Jaén , Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry , Campus Las Lagunillas , 23071 Jaén , Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Jordi Girona 18-26 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
| | - Antonio Delgado
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Jordi Girona 18-26 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain.,University of Barcelona (UB) , Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Unit of Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Associated Unit to CSIC) , Avda. Joan XXIII s/n , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
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15
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Wang P, Yuan Y, Lin W, Zhong H, Xu K, Qi X. Roles of sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:295. [PMID: 31807117 PMCID: PMC6857321 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The potent pleiotropic lipid mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) participates in numerous cellular processes, including angiogenesis and cell survival, proliferation, and migration. It is formed by one of two sphingosine kinases (SphKs), SphK1 and SphK2. These enzymes largely exert their various biological and pathophysiological actions through one of five G protein-coupled receptors (S1PR1–5), with receptor activation setting in motion various signaling cascades. Considerable evidence has been accumulated on S1P signaling and its pathogenic roles in diseases, as well as on novel modulators of S1P signaling, such as SphK inhibitors and S1P agonists and antagonists. S1P and ceramide, composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid, are reciprocal cell fate regulators, and S1P signaling plays essential roles in several diseases, including inflammation, cancer, and autoimmune disorders. Thus, targeting of S1P signaling may be one way to block the pathogenesis and may be a therapeutic target in these conditions. Increasingly strong evidence indicates a role for the S1P signaling pathway in the progression of cancer and its effects. In the present review, we discuss recent progress in our understanding of S1P and its related proteins in cancer progression. Also described is the therapeutic potential of S1P receptors and their downstream signaling cascades as targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- 1Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Liaoning Province, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China
| | - Yonghui Yuan
- 1Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Liaoning Province, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China.,2Research and Academic Department, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042 Liaoning China
| | - Wenda Lin
- 1Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Liaoning Province, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China
| | - Hongshan Zhong
- 1Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Liaoning Province, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China
| | - Ke Xu
- 1Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Liaoning Province, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China
| | - Xun Qi
- 1Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Liaoning Province, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China
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16
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Zhang C, Wang K, Yang L, Liu R, Chu Y, Qin X, Yang P, Yu H. Lipid metabolism in inflammation-related diseases. Analyst 2019; 143:4526-4536. [PMID: 30128447 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01046c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There are thousands of lipid species existing in cells, which belong to eight different categories. Lipids are the essential building blocks of cells. Recent studies have started to unveil the important functions of lipids in regulating cell metabolism. However, we are still at a very early stage in fully understanding the physiological and pathological functions of lipids. The application of lipidomics for studying lipid metabolism can provide a direct readout of the cellular status and broadens our understanding of the mechanisms that underpin metabolic disease states. This review provides an introduction to lipid metabolism and its role in modulating homeostasis and immunity. We also describe representative applications of lipidomics for studying lipid metabolism in inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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17
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Cancer-induced inflammation and inflammation-induced cancer in colon: a role for S1P lyase. Oncogene 2019; 38:4788-4803. [PMID: 30816345 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0758-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A role of sphingolipids for inflammatory bowel disease and cancer is evident. However, the relative and separate contribution of sphingolipid deterioration in inflammation versus carcinogenesis for the pathophysiology of colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) was unknown and therefore examined in this study. We performed isogenic bone marrow transplantation of inducible sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) lyase knockout mice to specifically modulate sphingolipids and associated genes and proteins in a compartment-specific way in a DSS/AOM mediated CAC model. 3D organoid cultures were used in vitro. S1P lyase (SGPL1) knockout in either immune cells or tissue, caused local sphingolipid accumulation leading to a dichotomic development of CAC: Immune cell SGPL1 knockout (I-SGPL-/-) augmented massive immune cell infiltration initiating colitis with lesions and calprotectin increase. Pathological crypt remodeling plus extracellular S1P-signaling caused delayed tumor formation characterized by S1P receptor 1, STAT3 mRNA increase, as well as programmed cell death ligand 1 expression, accompanied by a putatively counter regulatory STAT1S727 phosphorylation. In contrast, tissue SGPL1 knockout (T-SGPL-/-) provoked immediate occurrence of epithelial-driven tumors with upregulated sphingosine kinase 1, S1P receptor 2 and epidermal growth factor receptor. Here, progressing carcinogenesis was accompanied by an IL-12 to IL-23 shift with a consecutive development of a Th2/GATA3-driven, tumor-favoring microenvironment. Moreover, the knockout models showed distinct lymphopenia and neutrophilia, different from the full SGPL1 knockout. This study shows that depending on the initiating cellular S1P source, the pathophysiology of inflammation-induced cancer versus cancer-induced inflammation develops through separate, discernible molecular steps.
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18
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Nagahashi M, Abe M, Sakimura K, Takabe K, Wakai T. The role of sphingosine-1-phosphate in inflammation and cancer progression. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3671-3678. [PMID: 30238699 PMCID: PMC6272099 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many inflammatory mediators are involved in the process of carcinogenesis and cancer progression. In addition to cytokines and chemokines, lipid mediators have recently attracted attention as signaling molecules associated with inflammatory diseases. Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) is a pleiotropic lipid mediator that regulates cell survival and migration, immune cell recruitment, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. S1P also plays a significant role in inflammation and cancer. The gradation of S1P concentration in the blood, lymph and tissue regulates lymphocyte trafficking, an important component of inflammation. Furthermore, cancer cells produce elevated levels of S1P, contributing to the tumor microenvironment and linking cancer and inflammation. Future technological advances may reveal greater detail about the mechanisms of S1P regulation in the tumor microenvironment and the contribution of S1P to cancer progression. Considering the critical role of S1P in linking inflammation and cancer, it is possible that the S1P signaling pathway could be a novel therapeutic target for cancers with chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nagahashi
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakimura
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan.,Breast Surgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York.,Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan
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19
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Choi YJ, Saba JD. Sphingosine phosphate lyase insufficiency syndrome (SPLIS): A novel inborn error of sphingolipid metabolism. Adv Biol Regul 2018; 71:128-140. [PMID: 30274713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (SPL) is an intracellular enzyme that controls the final step in the sphingolipid degradative pathway, the only biochemical pathway for removal of sphingolipids. Specifically, SPL catalyzes the cleavage of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) at the C2-3 carbon bond, resulting in its irreversible degradation to phosphoethanolamine (PE) and hexadecenal. The substrate of the reaction, S1P, is a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite that signals through a family of five G protein-coupled S1P receptors (S1PRs) to mediate biological activities including cell migration, cell survival/death/proliferation and cell extrusion, thereby contributing to development, physiological functions and - when improperly regulated - the pathophysiology of disease. In 2017, several groups including ours reported a novel childhood syndrome that featured a wide range of presentations including fetal hydrops, steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI), rapid or insidious neurological deterioration, immunodeficiency, acanthosis and endocrine abnormalities. In all cases, the disease was attributed to recessive mutations in the human SPL gene, SGPL1. We now refer to this condition as SPL Insufficiency Syndrome, or SPLIS. Some features of this new sphingolipidosis were predicted by the reported phenotypes of Sgpl1 homozygous null mice that serve as vertebrate SPLIS disease models. However, other SPLIS features reveal previously unrecognized roles for SPL in human physiology. In this review, we briefly summarize the biochemistry, functions and regulation of SPL, the main clinical and biochemical features of SPLIS and what is known about the pathophysiology of this condition from murine and cell models. Lastly, we consider potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of SPLIS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Jeong Choi
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA, 94609, USA
| | - Julie D Saba
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA, 94609, USA.
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20
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Don-Doncow N, Zhang Y, Matuskova H, Meissner A. The emerging alliance of sphingosine-1-phosphate signalling and immune cells: from basic mechanisms to implications in hypertension. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 176:1989-2001. [PMID: 29856066 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a considerable role in hypertension. In particular, T-lymphocytes are recognized as important players in its pathogenesis. Despite substantial experimental efforts, the molecular mechanisms underlying the nature of T-cell activation contributing to an onset of hypertension or disease perpetuation are still elusive. Amongst other cell types, lymphocytes express distinct profiles of GPCRs for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) - a bioactive phospholipid that is involved in many critical cell processes and most importantly majorly regulates T-cell development, lymphocyte recirculation, tissue-homing patterns and chemotactic responses. Recent findings have revealed a key role for S1P chemotaxis and T-cell mobilization for the onset of experimental hypertension, and elevated circulating S1P levels have been linked to several inflammation-associated diseases including hypertension in patients. In this article, we review the recent progress towards understanding how S1P and its receptors regulate immune cell trafficking and function and its potential relevance for the pathophysiology of hypertension. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Immune Targets in Hypertension. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hana Matuskova
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Meissner
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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21
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James KD, Jenkinson WE, Anderson G. T-cell egress from the thymus: Should I stay or should I go? J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:275-284. [PMID: 29485734 PMCID: PMC6174998 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1mr1217-496r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
T‐cells bearing the αβTCR play a vital role in defending the host against foreign pathogens and malignant transformation of self. Importantly, T‐cells are required to remain tolerant to the host's own cells and tissues in order to prevent self‐reactive responses that can lead to autoimmune disease. T‐cells achieve the capacity for self/nonself discrimination by undergoing a highly selective and rigorous developmental program during their maturation in the thymus. This organ is unique in its ability to support a program of T‐cell development that ensures the establishment of a functionally diverse αβTCR repertoire within the peripheral T‐cell pool. The thymus achieves this by virtue of specialized stromal microenvironments that contain heterogeneous cell types, whose organization and function underpins their ability to educate, support, and screen different thymocyte subsets through various stages of development. These stages range from the entry of early T‐cell progenitors into the thymus, through to the positive and negative selection of the αβTCR repertoire. The importance of the thymus medulla as a site for T‐cell tolerance and the exit of newly generated T‐cells into the periphery is well established. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the developmental pathways that take place during αβT‐cell development in the thymus. In addition, we focus on the mechanisms that regulate thymic egress and contribute to the seeding of peripheral tissues with newly selected self‐tolerant αβT‐cells. Review on thymic microenvironments regulation of thymocyte maturation and egress of mature self‐tolerant T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran D James
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - William E Jenkinson
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Graham Anderson
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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