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Naso F, Gandaglia A. Can Heart Valve Decellularization Be Standardized? A Review of the Parameters Used for the Quality Control of Decellularization Processes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:830899. [PMID: 35252139 PMCID: PMC8891751 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.830899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
When a tissue or an organ is considered, the attention inevitably falls on the complex and delicate mechanisms regulating the correct interaction of billions of cells that populate it. However, the most critical component for the functionality of specific tissue or organ is not the cell, but the cell-secreted three-dimensional structure known as the extracellular matrix (ECM). Without the presence of an adequate ECM, there would be no optimal support and stimuli for the cellular component to replicate, communicate and interact properly, thus compromising cell dynamics and behaviour and contributing to the loss of tissue-specific cellular phenotype and functions. The limitations of the current bioprosthetic implantable medical devices have led researchers to explore tissue engineering constructs, predominantly using animal tissues as a potentially unlimited source of materials. The high homology of the protein sequences that compose the mammalian ECM, can be exploited to convert a soft animal tissue into a human autologous functional and long-lasting prosthesis ensuring the viability of the cells and maintaining the proper biomechanical function. Decellularization has been shown to be a highly promising technique to generate tissue-specific ECM-derived products for multiple applications, although it might comprise very complex processes that involve the simultaneous use of chemical, biochemical, physical and enzymatic protocols. Several different approaches have been reported in the literature for the treatment of bone, cartilage, adipose, dermal, neural and cardiovascular tissues, as well as skeletal muscle, tendons and gastrointestinal tract matrices. However, most of these reports refer to experimental data. This paper reviews the most common and latest decellularization approaches that have been adopted in cardiovascular tissue engineering. The efficacy of cells removal was specifically reviewed and discussed, together with the parameters that could be used as quality control markers for the evaluation of the effectiveness of decellularization and tissue biocompatibility. The purpose was to provide a panel of parameters that can be shared and taken into consideration by the scientific community to achieve more efficient, comparable, and reliable experimental research results and a faster technology transfer to the market.
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Lin S, He Y, Tao M, Wang A, Ao Q. Fabrication and evaluation of an optimized xenogenic decellularized costal cartilage graft: preclinical studies of a novel biocompatible prosthesis for rhinoplasty. Regen Biomater 2021; 8:rbab052. [PMID: 34584748 PMCID: PMC8473975 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
On account of the poor biocompatibility of synthetic prosthesis, millions of rhinoplasty recipients have been forced to choose autologous costal cartilage as grafts, which suffer from limited availability, morbidity at the donor site and prolonged operation time. Here, as a promising alternative to autologous costal cartilage, we developed a novel xenogeneic costal cartilage and explored its feasibility as a rhinoplasty graft for the first time. Adopting an improved decellularization protocol, in which the ionic detergent was substituted by trypsin, the resulting decellularized graft was confirmed to preserve more structural components and better mechanics, and eliminate cellular components effectively. The in vitro and in vivo compatibility experiments demonstrated that the decellularized graft showed excellent biocompatibility and biosecurity. Additionally, the functionality assessment of rhinoplasty was performed in a rabbit model, and the condition of grafts after implantation was comprehensively evaluated. The optimized graft exhibited better capacity to reduce the degradation rate and maintain the morphology, in comparison to the decellularized costal cartilage prepared by conventional protocol. These findings indicate that this optimized graft derived from decellularized xenogeneic costal cartilage provides a new prospective for future investigations of rhinoplasty prosthesis and has great potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 11004, China
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110112, China
| | - Yuanjia He
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 4 Chongshan East Road, Shenyang 110033, China
| | - Meihan Tao
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110112, China
| | - Aijun Wang
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Qiang Ao
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110112, China
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 24 Yihuan Street, Chengdu 610065, China
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Pérez ML, Castells-Sala C, López-Chicón P, Nieto-Nicolau N, Aiti A, Fariñas O, Casaroli-Marano RP, Porta O, Vilarrodona A. Fast protocol for the processing of split-thickness skin into decellularized human dermal matrix. Tissue Cell 2021; 72:101572. [PMID: 34119882 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermal scaffolds for tissue regeneration are nowadays an effective alternative in not only wound healing surgeries but also breast reconstruction, abdominal wall reconstruction and tendon reinforcement. The present study describes the development of a decellularization protocol applied to human split-thickness skin from cadaveric donors to obtain dermal matrix using an easy and quick procedure. METHODS Complete split-thickness donor was decellularized through the combination of hypertonic and enzymatic methods. To evaluate the absence of epidermis and dermal cells, and ensure the integrity of the extracellular matrix (ECM) structure, histological analysis was performed. Residual genetic content and ECM biomolecules (collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan) were quantified and tensile strength was tested to measure the effect of the decellularization technique on the mechanical properties of the tissue. RESULTS Biomolecules quantification, residual genetic content (below 50 ng/mg dry tissue) and histological structure assessment showed the efficacy of the decellularization process and the preservation of the ECM. The biomechanical tests confirmed the preservation of native properties in the acellular tissue. CONCLUSIONS The acellular dermal matrix obtained from whole split-thickness skin donor with the newly developed decellualrization protocol, maintains the desired biomechanical and structural properties and represents a viable treatment option for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Pérez
- Barcelona Tissue Bank, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain; Vall Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - C Castells-Sala
- Barcelona Tissue Bank, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain; Vall Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - P López-Chicón
- Barcelona Tissue Bank, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau; SGR1113), Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Nieto-Nicolau
- Barcelona Tissue Bank, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain; Vall Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Aiti
- Barcelona Tissue Bank, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - O Fariñas
- Barcelona Tissue Bank, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau; SGR1113), Barcelona, Spain
| | - R P Casaroli-Marano
- Barcelona Tissue Bank, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau; SGR1113), Barcelona, Spain
| | - O Porta
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Spain
| | - A Vilarrodona
- Barcelona Tissue Bank, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau; SGR1113), Barcelona, Spain
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Badria AF, Koutsoukos PG, Mavrilas D. Decellularized tissue-engineered heart valves calcification: what do animal and clinical studies tell us? JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2020; 31:132. [PMID: 33278023 PMCID: PMC7719105 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the first cause of death worldwide. Among different heart malfunctions, heart valve failure due to calcification is still a challenging problem. While drug-dependent treatment for the early stage calcification could slow down its progression, heart valve replacement is inevitable in the late stages. Currently, heart valve replacements involve mainly two types of substitutes: mechanical and biological heart valves. Despite their significant advantages in restoring the cardiac function, both types of valves suffered from serious drawbacks in the long term. On the one hand, the mechanical one showed non-physiological hemodynamics and the need for the chronic anticoagulation therapy. On the other hand, the biological one showed stenosis and/or regurgitation due to calcification. Nowadays, new promising heart valve substitutes have emerged, known as decellularized tissue-engineered heart valves (dTEHV). Decellularized tissues of different types have been widely tested in bioprosthetic and tissue-engineered valves because of their superior biomechanics, biocompatibility, and biomimetic material composition. Such advantages allow successful cell attachment, growth and function leading finally to a living regenerative valvular tissue in vivo. Yet, there are no comprehensive studies that are covering the performance of dTEHV scaffolds in terms of their efficiency for the calcification problem. In this review article, we sought to answer the question of whether decellularized heart valves calcify or not. Also, which factors make them calcify and which ones lower and/or prevent their calcification. In addition, the review discussed the possible mechanisms for dTEHV calcification in comparison to the calcification in the native and bioprosthetic heart valves. For this purpose, we did a retrospective study for all the published work of decellularized heart valves. Only animal and clinical studies were included in this review. Those animal and clinical studies were further subcategorized into 4 categories for each depending on the effect of decellularization on calcification. Due to the complex nature of calcification in heart valves, other in vitro and in silico studies were not included. Finally, we compared the different results and summed up all the solid findings of whether decellularized heart valves calcify or not. Based on our review, the selection of the proper heart valve tissue sources (no immunological provoking residues), decellularization technique (no damaged exposed residues of the decellularized tissues, no remnants of dead cells, no remnants of decellularizing agents) and implantation techniques (avoiding suturing during the surgical implantation) could provide a perfect anticalcification potential even without in vitro cell seeding or additional scaffold treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel F Badria
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Division of Applied Mechanics, Technology of Materials and Biomechanics, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
| | - Petros G Koutsoukos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Patras University Campus, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Dimosthenis Mavrilas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Division of Applied Mechanics, Technology of Materials and Biomechanics, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Yu T, Wen L, He J, Xu Y, Li T, Wang W, Ma Y, Ahmad MA, Tian X, Fan J, Wang X, Hagiwara H, Ao Q. Fabrication and evaluation of an optimized acellular nerve allograft with multiple axial channels. Acta Biomater 2020; 115:235-249. [PMID: 32771587 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Acellular nerve allografts are promising alternatives to autologous nerve grafts, but still have many drawbacks which greatly limit their curative effects. Here, we developed an optimized acellular nerve allograft with multiple axial channels by a modified decellularization method. These allografts were confirmed to preserve more extracellular matrix components and factors, and remove cellular components effectively. Meanwhile, macrochannels and microchannels were introduced to optimize internal microstructure of allografts, which increases porosity and water absorption, without significant loss of mechanical strength. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that the multichannel allografts showed superior ability of facilitating proliferation and penetration of Schwann cells. Additionally, in the in vivo experiments, the multichannel allografts were used to bridge 10 mm rat sciatic nerve defects. They exhibited better capacity to guide regenerative nerve fibers through the defective segment and restore innervation of target organs, thus achieving better recovery of muscle and motor function, in comparison with conventional acellular allografts. These findings indicate that this multichannel acellular nerve allograft has great potential for clinical application and provides a new prospective for future investigations of nerve regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Acellular nerve allografts, with preservation of natural extracellular matrix, are officially approved to repair peripheral nerve injury in some countries. However, bioactive component loss and compact internal structure result in variable clinical effects of conventional acellular allografts. In the present study, we fabricated an optimized acellular nerve allograft with multiple axial channels, which could both enable decellularization to be easily accomplished and reduce the amount of detergents in the preparation process. Characterization of the multichannel acellular allografts was confirmed to have better preservation of ECM bioactive molecules and regenerative factors. Efficiency evaluation showed the multichannel allografts could facilitate Schwann cells to migrate inside them in vitro, and enhance regrowth and myelination of axons as well as recovery of muscle and motor function in vivo.
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Acevedo CA, Olguín Y, Orellana N, Sánchez E, Pepczynska M, Enrione J. Anatase Incorporation to Bioactive Scaffolds Based on Salmon Gelatin and Its Effects on Muscle Cell Growth. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1943. [PMID: 32872101 PMCID: PMC7563125 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new polymer scaffolds is essential for tissue engineering and for culturing cells. The use of non-mammalian bioactive components to formulate these materials is an emerging field. In our previous work, a scaffold based on salmon gelatin was developed and tested in animal models to regenerate tissues effectively and safely. Here, the incorporation of anatase nanoparticles into this scaffold was formulated, studying the new composite structure by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis. The incorporation of anatase nanoparticles modified the scaffold microstructure by increasing the pore size from 208 to 239 µm and significantly changing the pore shape. The glass transition temperature changed from 46.9 to 55.8 °C, and an increase in the elastic modulus from 79.5 to 537.8 kPa was observed. The biocompatibility of the scaffolds was tested using C2C12 myoblasts, modulating their attachment and growth. The anatase nanoparticles modified the stiffness of the material, making it possible to increase the growth of myoblasts cultured onto scaffolds, which envisions their use in muscle tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian A. Acevedo
- Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; (C.A.A.); (N.O.); (E.S.)
- Centro Científico Tecnológico de Valparaíso CCTVaL, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Yusser Olguín
- Centro Científico Tecnológico de Valparaíso CCTVaL, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
| | - Nicole Orellana
- Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; (C.A.A.); (N.O.); (E.S.)
| | - Elizabeth Sánchez
- Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; (C.A.A.); (N.O.); (E.S.)
| | - Marzena Pepczynska
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile;
- Biopolymer Research and Engineering Lab., Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CIIB), Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile
| | - Javier Enrione
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile;
- Biopolymer Research and Engineering Lab., Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CIIB), Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile
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Sun Z, Liu J, Wang X, Jing H, Li B, Kong D, Leng X, Wang Z. Epoxy Chitosan-Crosslinked Acellular Bovine Pericardium with Improved Anti-calcification and Biological Properties. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:2275-2283. [PMID: 35025279 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Glutaraldehyde (GA) was conventionally used to crosslink bovine pericardium to prepare bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs), which usually fail within 10 years because of valve deterioration and calcification. To overcome the high cytotoxicity and severe calcification of GA-crosslinked BHVs, a quaternary ammonium salt of epoxy chitosan (epoxy group-modified 3-chlorine-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl chitosan, abbreviated as "eHTCC") was developed to modify the acellular bovine pericardium to substitute GA and improve its anti-calcification and biocompatible properties. Mechanical test, enzymatic stability test, blood compatibility assay, and cytocompatibility assay were used to investigate its mechanical property and biocompatibility. The anti-calcification effect of the eHTCC-modified bovine pericardium (eHTCC-BP) was assessed by in vitro assay and rat subcutaneous implantation assay. The results showed that eHTCC-BP could improve the mechanical properties and anti-enzymolysis ability of BP, as well as retain the original three-dimensional structure, compared with the uncrosslinked-BP group. Moreover, the in vivo calcification level of the eHTCC-BP group was much lower than that of the GA-BP group, which was 5.1% (2 weeks), 2.3% (4 weeks), and 0.8% (8 weeks) of the GA-BP group. In summary, this study demonstrated that eHTCC could be a potential crosslinking agent for the extracellular matrix for its favorable crosslinking effects, anti-enzymolysis, anti-calcification, and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiting Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Huimin Jing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Binhan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Deling Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xigang Leng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
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Bilodeau C, Goltsis O, Rogers IM, Post M. Limitations of recellularized biological scaffolds for human transplantation. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 14:521-538. [PMID: 31826325 DOI: 10.1002/term.3004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A shortage of donor organs for transplantation and the dependence of the recipients on immunosuppressive therapy have motivated researchers to consider alternative regenerative approaches. The answer may reside in acellular scaffolds generated from cadaveric human and animal tissues. Acellular scaffolds are expected to preserve the architectural and mechanical properties of the original organ, permitting cell attachment, growth, and differentiation. Although theoretically, the use of acellular scaffolds for transplantation should pose no threat to the recipient's immune system, experimental data have revealed significant immune responses to allogeneic and xenogeneic transplanted scaffolds. Herein, we review the various factors of the scaffold that could trigger an inflammatory and/or immune response, thereby compromising its use for human transplant therapy. In addition, we provide an overview of the major cell types that have been considered for recellularization of the scaffold and their potential contribution to triggering an immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bilodeau
- Translational Medicine Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olivia Goltsis
- Translational Medicine Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian M Rogers
- Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Post
- Translational Medicine Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Alfonso-Garcia A, Haudenschild AK, Marcu L. Label-free assessment of carotid artery biochemical composition using fiber-based fluorescence lifetime imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:4064-4076. [PMID: 30615748 PMCID: PMC6157793 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.004064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Novel diagnostic tools with the ability to monitor variations in biochemical composition and provide benchmark indicators of vascular tissue maturation are needed to create functional tissue replacements. We investigated the ability of fiber-based, label-free multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) to quantify the anatomical variations in biochemical composition of native carotid arteries and validated these results against biochemical assays. FLIm-derived parameters in spectral band 415-455 nm correlated with tissue collagen content (R2 = 0.64) and cell number (R2 = 0.61) and in spectral band 465-553 nm strongly correlated with elastin content (R2 = 0.89). These results suggest that FLIm holds great potential for assessing vascular tissue maturation and functional properties based on tissue autofluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Alfonso-Garcia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 E. Health Sciences Dr., Davis, CA 95616,
USA
- Authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Anne K. Haudenschild
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 E. Health Sciences Dr., Davis, CA 95616,
USA
- Authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Laura Marcu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 E. Health Sciences Dr., Davis, CA 95616,
USA
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Corrigendum to "Natural Scaffolds for Regenerative Medicine: Direct Determination of Detergents Entrapped in Decellularized Heart Valves". BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2340875. [PMID: 29675421 PMCID: PMC5838431 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2340875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Naso F, Gandaglia A. Different approaches to heart valve decellularization: A comprehensive overview of the past 30 years. Xenotransplantation 2017; 25. [PMID: 29057501 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Xenogeneic decellularized heart valve scaffolds have the potential to overcome the limitations of existing bioprosthetic heart valves that have limited duration due to calcification and tissue degeneration phenomena. This article presents a review of 30 years of decellularization approaches adopted in cardiovascular tissue engineering, with a focus on the use, either individually or in combination, of different detergents. The safety and efficacy of cell-removal procedures are specifically reported and discussed, as well as the structure and biomechanics of the treated extracellular matrix (ECM). Detergent residues within the ECM, production of hyaluronan fragments, safe removal of cellular debris, and the persistence of the alpha-Gal epitope after the decellularization treatments are of particular interest as parameters for the identification of the best tissue for the manufacture of bioprostheses. Special attention has also been given to key factors that should be considered in the manufacture of the next generation of xenogeneic bioprostheses, where tissues must retain the ability to be remodeled and to grow in weight along with body reshaping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Naso
- Biocompatibility Innovation Company, Este, Padova, Italy
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