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Achouri S, Chaabane SB, Mahmoudi I, Mahjoubi K, Haouel-Hamdi S, Mediouni Ben Jemâa J. Insecticidal potential of Eucalyptus cinerea essential oil and its major constituent 1,8-cineole against Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller and Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Pyralidae). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38590018 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2337834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the insecticidal properties of essential oil derived from Eucalyptus cinerea leaves and its main component, 1,8-cineole, against two significant pests of stored dates, Ectomyelois ceratoniae and Ephestia kuehniella (Pyralidae). The impact of the treatment on the sensory characteristics of date fruits was assessed to verify the complete absence of off-odours and off-flavours. Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry analysis of E. cinerea essential oil revealed that the primary compound was 1,8-cineole (74.5%). Fumigant toxicity of the two pests, indicated that first instar larvae (L1) exhibited greater tolerance to E. cinerea EO and 1,8-cineole than L5, while adult forms were more susceptible than larvae. The E. cinerea EO had a noticeable pest contact activity when used at a concentration of 0.35 µL/cm2 caused 100 and 88.3% mortality to E. ceratoniae and E. kueheniella, respectively, after 1 hour of exposure. Hedonic evaluation showed that consumers' appreciation of fumigated dates was not significantly different to the no treated dates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Achouri
- Entomology Laboratory, Regional Center for Research in Oasis Agriculture, CRRAO, Degache, Tunisia
| | - Samah Ben Chaabane
- Entomology Laboratory, Regional Center for Research in Oasis Agriculture, CRRAO, Degache, Tunisia
| | - Ibtissem Mahmoudi
- Entomology Laboratory, Regional Center for Research in Oasis Agriculture, CRRAO, Degache, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Mahjoubi
- Entomology Laboratory, Regional Center for Research in Oasis Agriculture, CRRAO, Degache, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Haouel-Hamdi
- LR11INRAT06 Laboratory of Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Carthage University, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jouda Mediouni Ben Jemâa
- LR11INRAT06 Laboratory of Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Carthage University, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), Tunis, Tunisia
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Chen L, Bian L, Ma Q, Li Y, Wang X, Liu Y. Defensive alteration of root exudate composition by grafting Prunus sp. onto resistant rootstock contributes to reducing crown gall disease. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae049. [PMID: 38645683 PMCID: PMC11031412 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Grafting is a traditional and significant strategy to suppress soil-borne diseases, such as the crown gall disease caused by tumorigenic Agrobacterium and Rhizobium. Root exudates and the rhizosphere microbiome play critical roles in controlling crown gall disease, but their roles in suppressing crown gall disease in grafted plants remain unclear. Here, disease-susceptible cherry rootstock 'Gisela 6' and disease-resistant cherry rootstock 'Haiying 1' were grafted onto each other or self-grafted. The effect of their root exudates on the soil microbiome composition and the abundance of pathogenic Agrobacterium were studied. Grafting onto the disease-resistant rootstock helped to reduce the abundance of pathogenic Agrobacterium, accompanied by altering root exudation, enriching potential beneficial bacteria, and changing soil function. Then, the composition of the root exudates from grafted plants was analyzed and the potential compounds responsible for decreasing pathogenic Agrobacterium abundance were identified. Based on quantitative measurement of the concentrations of the compounds and testing the impacts of supplied pure chemicals on abundance and chemotaxis of pathogenic Agrobacterium and potential beneficial bacteria, the decreased valine in root exudates of the plant grafted onto resistant rootstock was found to contribute to decreasing Agrobacterium abundance, enriching some potential beneficial bacteria and suppressing crown gall disease. This study provides insights into the mechanism whereby grafted plants suppress soil-borne disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Lusen Bian
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Qinghua Ma
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Ying Li
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Xinghong Wang
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Gordon MI, Thomas WJ, Putnam ML. Transmission and Management of Pathogenic Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Rhodococcus fascians in Select Ornamentals. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:50-61. [PMID: 37368442 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-22-2557-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Rhodococcus fascians are phytobacteria that induce crown gall and leafy gall disease, respectively, resulting in undesirable growth abnormalities. When present in nurseries, plants infected by either bacterium are destroyed, resulting in substantial losses for growers, especially those producing plants valued for their ornamental attributes. There are many unanswered questions regarding pathogen transmission on tools used to take cuttings for propagation and whether products used for bacterial disease control are effective. We investigated the ability to transmit pathogenic A. tumefaciens and R. fascians on secateurs and the efficacy of registered control products against both bacteria in vitro and in vivo. Experimental plants used were Rosa × hybrida, Leucanthemum × superbum, and Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum for A. tumefaciens and Petunia × hybrida and Oenothera 'Siskiyou' with R. fascians. In separate experiments, we found secateurs could convey both bacteria in numbers sufficient to initiate disease in a host-dependent manner and that bacteria could be recovered from secateurs after a single cut through an infected stem. In in vivo assays, none of six products tested against A. tumefaciens prevented crown gall disease, although several products appeared promising in in vitro trials. Likewise, four compounds trialed against R. fascians failed to prevent disease. Sanitation and clean planting material remain the primary means of disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael I Gordon
- Department of Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - William J Thomas
- Department of Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Melodie L Putnam
- Department of Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
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Elkolli H, Elkolli M, Ataya FS, Salem-Bekhit MM, Zahrani SA, Abdelmageed MWM, Ernst B, Benguerba Y. In Vitro and In Silico Activities of E. radiata and E. cinerea as an Enhancer of Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Molecules 2023; 28:7153. [PMID: 37894631 PMCID: PMC10609132 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Eucalyptus, a therapeutic plant mentioned in the ancient Algerian pharmacopeia, specifically two species belonging to the Myrtaceae family, E. radiata and E. cinerea, were investigated in this study for their antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The study used aqueous extracts (AE) obtained from these plants, and the extraction yields were found to be different. The in vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated using a disc diffusion assay against three typical bacterial strains. The results showed that the two extracts were effective against all three strains. Both extracts displayed significant antioxidant activity compared to BHT. The anti-inflammatory impact was evaluated using a protein (BSA) inhibition denaturation test. The E. radiata extract was found to inhibit inflammation by 85% at a concentration of 250 µg/mL, significantly higher than the Aspirin. All phytoconstituents present good pharmacokinetic characteristics without toxicity except very slight toxicity of terpineol and cineol and a maximum binding energy of -7.53 kcal/mol for its anti-TyrRS activity in silico. The study suggests that the extracts and their primary phytochemicals could enhance the efficacy of antibiotics, antioxidants, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). As pharmaceutical engineering experts, we believe this research contributes to developing natural-based drugs with potential therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayet Elkolli
- Laboratory of Multiphasic Polymeric Materials, Départment of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University Ferhat Abbas of Setif 1, Setif 19000, Algeria;
| | - Meriem Elkolli
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Ferhat Abbas Setif 1, Setif 19000, Algeria;
| | - Farid S. Ataya
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sami Al Zahrani
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mostafa W. M. Abdelmageed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Barbara Ernst
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Separation Processes (RePSeM), CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, University of Strasbourg, ECPM 25 Becquerel Road, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratory of Biopharmacy and Pharmacotechnics (LPBT), University of Ferhat Abbas Setif 1, Setif 19000, Algeria
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The Therapeutic Wound Healing Bioactivities of Various Medicinal Plants. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020317. [PMID: 36836674 PMCID: PMC9960863 DOI: 10.3390/life13020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin serves as the body's first line of defense, guarding against mechanical, chemical, and thermal damage to the interior organs. It includes a highly developed immune response that serves as a barrier against pathogenic infections. Wound healing is a dynamic process underpinned by numerous cellular activities, including homeostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling, that require proper harmonious integration to effectively repair the damaged tissue. Following cutaneous damage, microorganisms can quickly enter the tissues beneath the skin, which can result in chronic wounds and fatal infections. Natural phytomedicines that possess considerable pharmacological properties have been widely and effectively employed forwound treatment and infection prevention. Since ancient times, phytotherapy has been able to efficiently treat cutaneous wounds, reduce the onset of infections, and minimize the usage of antibiotics that cause critical antibiotic resistance. There are a remarkable number of wound-healing botanicals that have been widely used in the Northern Hemisphere, including Achiella millefolium, Aloe vera, Althaea officinalis, Calendula officinalis, Matricaria chamomilla, Curcuma longa, Eucalyptus, Jojoba, plantain, pine, green tea, pomegranate, and Inula. This review addresses the most often used medicinal plants from the Northern Hemisphere that facilitate the treatment of wounds, and also suggests viable natural alternatives that can be used in the field of wound care.
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Malaspina P, Papaianni M, Ranesi M, Polito F, Danna C, Aicardi P, Cornara L, Woo SL, De Feo V. Eucalyptus cinerea and E. nicholii by-Products as Source of Bioactive Compounds for Agricultural Applications. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2777. [PMID: 36297802 PMCID: PMC9609402 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The cultivation of different species of Eucalyptus has recently expanded in Liguria (Italy) due to the growing demand of the North European floricultural market. Eucalyptus tree branches are cut and selected for their quality, resulting in large amounts of waste biomass to be disposed of. The aim of our study was to evaluate the phytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of essential oils (EOs) from pruning wastes of E. cinerea (EC) and E. nicholii (EN), for potential applications in agriculture. Phytochemical analyses showed eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) as the major component in both EOs, but the EO yield of EN was higher than that of EC, in agreement with a significantly higher oil gland density on EN leaves. EOs from both species showed phytotoxicity on both weeds tested, but no significant inhibition on horticultural crop seed germination, except for Raphanus sativus. The EO from EC showed the strongest antibacterial activity, while the EO from EN showed the strongest antifungal activity. Concluding, EOs from Eucalyptus pruning may be used as possible alternatives to synthetic herbicides and pesticides, acting as antimicrobial and antifungal agents, thus representing a safe strategy for crop management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Malaspina
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Marina Papaianni
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Marta Ranesi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Flavio Polito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Cristina Danna
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Laura Cornara
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Sheridan L. Woo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Ahmed B, Jailani A, Lee JH, Lee J. Inhibition of growth, biofilm formation, virulence, and surface attachment of Agrobacterium tumefaciens by cinnamaldehyde derivatives. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1001865. [PMID: 36304952 PMCID: PMC9595724 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1001865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a soil-borne, saprophytic plant pathogen that colonizes plant surfaces and induces tumors in a wide range of dicotyledonous plants by transferring and expressing its T-DNA genes. The limited availabilities and efficacies of current treatments necessitate the exploration of new anti-Agrobacterium agents. We examined the effects of trans-cinnamaldehyde (t-CNMA) and its derivatives on the cell surface hydrophobicity, exopolysaccharide and exo-protease production, swimming motility on agar, and biofilm forming ability of A. tumefaciens. Based on initial biofilm inhibition results and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data, 4-nitro, 4-chloro, and 4-fluoro CNMAs were further tested. 4-Nitro, 4-chloro, and 4-fluoro CNMA at ≥150 μg/ml significantly inhibited biofilm formation by 94–99%. Similarly, biofilm formation on polystyrene or nylon was substantially reduced by 4-nitro and 4-chloro CNMAs as determined by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 3-D spectrum plots. 4-Nitro and 4-chloro CNMAs induced cell shortening and concentration- and time-dependently reduced cell growth. Virulence factors were significantly and dose-dependently suppressed by 4-nitro and 4-chloro CNMAs (P ≤ 0.05). Gene expressional changes were greater after 4-nitro CNMA than t-CNMA treatment, as determined by qRT-PCR. Furthermore, some genes essential for biofilm formation, motility, and virulence genes significantly downregulated by 4-nitro CNMA. Seed germination of Raphanus sativus was not hindered by 4-nitro or 4-fluoro CNMA at concentrations ≤200 μg/ml, but root surface biofilm formation was severely inhibited. This study is the first to report the anti-Agrobacterium biofilm and anti-virulence effects of 4-nitro, 4-chloro, and 4-fluoro CNMAs and t-CNMA and indicates that they should be considered starting points for the development of anti-Agrobacterium agents.
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Jailani A, Ahmed B, Lee JH, Lee J. Inhibition of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Growth and Biofilm Formation by Tannic Acid. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1619. [PMID: 35884920 PMCID: PMC9312696 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Agrobacterium tumefaciens underlies the pathogenesis of crown gall disease and is characterized by tumor-like gall formation on the stems and roots of a wide variety of economically important plant species. The bacterium initiates infection by colonizing and forming biofilms on plant surfaces, and thus, novel compounds are required to prevent its growth and biofilm formation. In this study, we investigated the ability of tannic acid, which is ubiquitously present in woody plants, to specifically inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of A. tumefaciens. Tannic acid showed antibacterial activity and significantly reduced the biofilm formation on polystyrene and on the roots of Raphanus sativus as determined by 3D bright-field and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Furthermore, tannic acid dose-dependently reduced the virulence features of A. tumefaciens, which are swimming motility, exopolysaccharide production, protease production, and cell surface hydrophobicity. Transcriptional analysis of cells (Abs600 nm = 1.0) incubated with tannic acid for 24 h at 30 °C showed tannic acid most significantly downregulated the exoR gene, which is required for adhesion to surfaces. Tannic acid at 100 or 200 µg/mL limited the iron supply to A. tumefaciens and similarly reduced the biofilm formation to that performed by 0.1 mM EDTA. Notably, tannic acid did not significantly affect R. sativus germination even at 400 µg/mL. The findings of this study suggest that tannic acid has the potential to prevent growth and biofilm formation by A. tumefaciens and thus infections resulting from A. tumefaciens colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea; (A.J.); (B.A.); (J.-H.L.)
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First Report of Crown Gall of Kiwifruit ( Actinidia deliciosa) Caused by Agrobacterium fabacearum in China and the Establishment of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Technique. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010207. [PMID: 35008632 PMCID: PMC8745258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kiwifruit is moderately sweet and sour and quite popular among consumers; it has been widely planted in some areas of the world. In 2019, the crown gall disease of kiwifruit was discovered in the main kiwifruit-producing area of Guizhou Province, China. This disease can weaken and eventually cause the death of the tree. The phylogeny, morphological and biological characteristics of the bacteria were described, and were related to diseases. The pathogenicity of this species follows the Koch hypothesis, confirming that A. fabacearum is the pathogen of crown gall disease of kiwifruit in China. In this study, Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) analysis for genome-specific gene sequences was developed for the specific detection of A. fabacearum. The detection limit of the LAMP method is 5 × 10-7 ng/μL, which has high sensitivity. At the same time, the amplified product is stained with SYBR Green I after the reaction is completed, so that the amplification can be detected with the naked eye. LAMP analysis detected the presence of A. fabacearum in the roots and soil samples of the infected kiwifruit plant. The proposed LAMP detection technology in this study offers the advantages of ease of operation, visibility of results, rapidity, accuracy and high sensitivity, making it suitable for the early diagnosis of crown gall disease of kiwifruit.
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Hu PY, Zhong YH, Feng JF, Li DX, Deng P, Zhang WL, Lei ZQ, Liu XM, Zhang GS. Pharmacokinetics of five phthalides in volatile oil of Ligusticum sinense Oliv.cv. Chaxiong, and comparison study on physicochemistry and pharmacokinetics after being formulated into solid dispersion and inclusion compound. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:129. [PMID: 33888111 PMCID: PMC8063472 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03289-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The dried rhizome of Ligusticum sinense Oliv.cv. Chaxiong has been used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, anemia and stroke. A high purity extract from chaxiong (VOC, brownish yellow oil) was extracted and separated. Its main components were senkyunolide A (SA, 33.81%), N-butylphthalide (NBP, 1.38%), Neocnidilide (NOL, 16.53%), Z-ligustilide (ZL, 38.36%), and butenyl phthalide (BP, 2.48%), respectively. Little is known about the pharmacokinetics of these phthalides in Chaxiong, and different preparations to improve the physicochemistry and pharmacokinetics of VOC have not been investigated. METHODS At different predetermined time points after oral administration or intravenous administration, the concentrations of SA, NBP, NOL, ZL and BP in the rat plasma were determined using LC-MS/MS, and the main PK parameters were investigated. VOC-P188 solid dispersion and VOC-β-CD inclusion compound were prepared by melting solvent method and grinding method, respectively. Moreover, the physicochemical properties, dissolution and pharmacokinetics of VOC-P188 solid dispersion and VOC-β-CD inclusion compound in rats were assessed in comparison to VOC. RESULTS The absorptions of SA, NBP, NOL, ZL and BP in VOC were rapid after oral administration, and the absolute bioavailability was less than 25%. After the two preparations were prepared, dissolution rate was improved at pH 5.8 phosphate buffer solution. Comparing VOC and physical mixture with the solid dispersion and inclusion compound, it was observed differences occurred in the chemical composition, thermal stability, and morphology. Both VOC-P188 solid dispersion and VOC-β-CD inclusion compound had a significantly higher AUC and longer MRT in comparison with VOC. CONCLUSION SA, NBP, NOL, ZL and BP in VOC from chaxiong possessed poor absolute oral bioavailability. Both VOC-P188 solid dispersion and VOC-β-CD inclusion compound could be prospective means for improving oral bioavailability of SA, NBP, NOL, ZL and BP in VOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Yi Hu
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Ying-Huai Zhong
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Jian-Fang Feng
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Dong-Xun Li
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Ping Deng
- Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Wen-Liu Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Lei
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Xue-Mei Liu
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Guo-Song Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
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Kammoun M, Ayeb H, Bettaieb T, Richel A. Chemical characterisation and technical assessment of agri-food residues, marine matrices, and wild grasses in the South Mediterranean area: A considerable inflow for biorefineries. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 118:247-257. [PMID: 32916421 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The integration of easily available and under-exploited biomasses is considered a sustainable strategy in biorefining approaches. Mediterranean countries, especially Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia, offer such under-exploited waste of different origins. This study revealed the chemical composition and phytochemical characteristics of various agri-food side-products, marine residues, and wild grasses collected in the Maghreb region. Results showed that these wastes contained variable proportions of polysaccharides, lignin, constitute molecules (proteins, lipids, and inorganic molecules) and, various secondary metabolites, mainly flavonoids and condensed tannins. Based on this, the Mediterranean waste was divided into three categories. The first category included waste with high lignin content (40 wt%). The second category contained waste with lignin content below 10 wt% and structural carbohydrate content below 50 wt%. Additionally, the waste in this category comprised noticeable amounts of flavonoids and condensed tannins, particularly from thistle, speedwell, and spurge. Finally, the third category included waste with lignin content above 15 wt% and carbohydrate content in the range of 45-55 wt%. The results also showed that the waste in the third category has a chemical composition similar to that of raw materials envisioned for use in European or North American commercial biorefineries. The findings of this study indicate that the biomass waste employed in this study can be used to develop marketable bioproducts and may be a potential raw material for a biorefinery facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroua Kammoun
- Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies - University of Liege (Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Campus), Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; Laboratory of Horticultural Sciences - University of Carthage (National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia), 43 Av. Charles Nicolle, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Haitham Ayeb
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, University of Louvain (UCLouvain), Croix du Sud 4-5, L7.07.14, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Taoufik Bettaieb
- Laboratory of Horticultural Sciences - University of Carthage (National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia), 43 Av. Charles Nicolle, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aurore Richel
- Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies - University of Liege (Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Campus), Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
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Ieri F, Cecchi L, Giannini E, Clemente C, Romani A. GC-MS and HS-SPME-GC×GC-TOFMS Determination of the Volatile Composition of Essential Oils and Hydrosols (By-Products) from Four Eucalyptus Species Cultivated in Tuscany. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24020226. [PMID: 30634495 PMCID: PMC6358850 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils are widely used as functional ingredients for potential multi-purpose functional uses. Hydrosols, co-products of the distillation of plant material, are used in food and cosmetic industries and in biological agriculture, but their volatile composition is poorly investigated. The volatile fractions of essential oils and hydrosols from four less-studied 1,8-cineol-rich Eucalyptus species (E. parvula L.A.S. Johnson & K.D. Hill, E. cinerea F. Muell, E. pulverulenta Sims and E. pulverulenta baby blue Sims), cultivated in Tuscany in a system of organic farming, were characterized by solvent dilution (essential oils) or extraction (hydrosols) followed by GC-MS and by HS-SPME-GC×GC-TOFMS analysis. GC-MS analysis showed that essential oils were mainly constituted by oxygenated monoterpenes, particularly 1,8-cineole, with monoterpenes hydrocarbons up to 10.8%. Relative differences in the abundance of minor terpenes as limonene, α-pinene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene, terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol, and alloaromandrene were pointed out and seem to be suitable for differentiation among EOs of the four different Eucalyptus species. Hydrosols of these species were characterized for the first time: they were mainly constituted by oxygenated monoterpenes (97.6–98.9%), with 1,8-cineole up to 1.6 g/L, while monoterpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were detected only in traces. HS-SPME-GC×GC-TOFMS analysis also allowed providing metabolic profiling of hydrosols for the direct comparison and visualization of volatile components, pointing out the potentially different uses of these products as functional ingredients in food, beverage, and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ieri
- PHYTOLAB-DISIA-Department of Informatics, Statistics and Applications "G. Parenti", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni, 59-50134 Florence, Italy and QuMAP-PIN-Piazza Giovanni Ciardi, 25, 59100 Prato (PO), Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Cecchi
- Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Elena Giannini
- Versil Green Società Agricola s.s., via dei Cavalli 96, 55054 Massarosa (LU), Italy.
| | - Clarissa Clemente
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Romani
- PHYTOLAB-DISIA-Department of Informatics, Statistics and Applications "G. Parenti", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni, 59-50134 Florence, Italy and QuMAP-PIN-Piazza Giovanni Ciardi, 25, 59100 Prato (PO), Italy.
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Paulsen E, Thormann H, Vestergaard L. Eucalyptus species as a cause of airborne allergic contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2018. [PMID: 29527731 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evy Paulsen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | | | - Louise Vestergaard
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
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Benchaa S, Hazzit M, Abdelkrim H. Allelopathic Effect of Eucalyptus citriodora Essential Oil and Its Potential Use as Bioherbicide. Chem Biodivers 2018; 15:e1800202. [PMID: 29893506 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to evaluate the negative allelopathic effect of Eucalyptus citriodora essential oil on some of the most noxious weeds in Algeria (Sinapis arvensis, Sonchus oleraceus, Xanthium strumarium and Avena fatua). Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and GC/mass spectrometry (MS) were used to define the chemical composition of the oil. Citronellal (64.7%) and citronellol (10.9%) were the major essential oil compounds. Three concentrations of the oil were used for laboratory (0.01, 0.02 and 0.03%) and greenhouse (1, 2 and 3%) experiments. Seed germination and seedling's growth were drastically reduced in response to the oil concentrations where at 0.01 and 0.02% the oil drastically affects the seed germination of the tested weeds and at 0.03% the oil suppresses completely the germination of S. arvensis. The oil also exhibited strong allelopathic effect on the 3 - 4 leaf-stage plants 1 and 6 days after treatment. A completely death of S. arvensis, S. oleraceus and A. fatua and severe injuries on X. strumarium appeared at 3% of the oil. Chlorophyll content and membrane integrity were significantly affected after treatment of the plant weeds representing a severe reduction in total chlorophyll and cell membrane disruption. The study concludes that E. citriodora essential oil might has the potential use as bioherbicide and can constitute an alternative process of weed control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Benchaa
- Department of Botany, École Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie (ENSA), 1 Avenue Hassan Badi, 16200, El-Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Hazzit
- Department of Technology of Agricultural and Food Industries, École Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie (ENSA), 1 Avenue Hassan Badi, 16200, El-Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Hacène Abdelkrim
- Department of Botany, École Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie (ENSA), 1 Avenue Hassan Badi, 16200, El-Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
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