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Caliendo G, D'Elia G, Makker J, Passariello L, Albanese L, Molinari AM, Vietri MT. Biological, genetic and epigenetic markers in ulcerative colitis. Adv Med Sci 2023; 68:386-395. [PMID: 37813048 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we have summarized the existing knowledge of ulcerative colitis (UC) markers based on current literature, specifically, the roles of potential new biomarkers, such as circulating, fecal, genetic, and epigenetic alterations, in UC onset, disease activity, and in therapy response. UC is a complex multifactorial inflammatory disease. There are many invasive and non-invasive diagnostic methods in UC, including several laboratory markers which are employed in diagnosis and disease assessment; however, colonoscopy remains the most widely used method. Common laboratory abnormalities currently used in the clinical practice include inflammation-induced alterations, serum autoantibodies, and antibodies against bacterial antigens. Other new serum and fecal biomarkers are supportive in diagnosis and monitoring disease activity and therapy response; and potential salivary markers are currently being evaluated as well. Several UC-related genetic and epigenetic alterations are implied in its pathogenesis and therapeutic response. Moreover, the use of artificial intelligence in the integration of laboratory biomarkers and big data could potentially be useful in clinical translation and precision medicine in UC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Caliendo
- Unity of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, AOU University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Elia
- Unity of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, AOU University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Jasmine Makker
- Department of GKT School of Medical Education, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Luana Passariello
- Unity of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, AOU University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Luisa Albanese
- Unity of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, AOU University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Molinari
- Unity of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, AOU University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Vietri
- Unity of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, AOU University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
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Godala M, Gaszyńska E, Walczak K, Małecka-Wojciesko E. Evaluation of Albumin, Transferrin and Transthyretin in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients as Disease Activity and Nutritional Status Biomarkers. Nutrients 2023; 15:3479. [PMID: 37571416 PMCID: PMC10421392 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is often accompanied by malnutrition that manifests itself as nutrient deficiencies and body mass loss or deficit. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the utility of albumin, transferrin and transthyretin levels in the assessment of nutritional status and IBD activity. The case-control study included 82 IBD patients. The serum concentrations of albumin, transferrin and transthyretine were determined by a quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Significantly lower median concentrations of albumin were found in the IBD patients vs. controls and in CD patients compared to the UC patients. Significantly higher median transthyretin concentrations were found in the IBD patients compared to the healthy subjects. There were no significant differences in median transferrin concentrations between the IBD patients and the healthy subjects. Significantly higher albumin levels were found in IBD patients in remission compared to patients with moderate and severe exacerbation of IBD symptoms. There were no significant differences in the median transferrin or transthyretin levels in patients with IBD depending on disease activity. No differences were identified in the median transferrin or transthyretin levels in the IBD patients according to nutritional status. The median albumin concentrations in the IBD subjects were significantly higher in patients with normal body fat, normal BMI and normal waist circumferences compared to those with an abnormal nutritional status. The albumin levels reflect both nutritional status and disease activity and therefore cannot be considered a prognostic marker of malnutrition in IBD. As regards the utility of transferrin and transthyretin as markers of activity and nutritional status in IBD patients, further studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Godala
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Gaszyńska
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Konrad Walczak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrodiabetology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ewa Małecka-Wojciesko
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
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Sharma A, Junge O, Szymczak S, Rühlemann MC, Enderle J, Schreiber S, Laudes M, Franke A, Lieb W, Krawczak M, Dempfle A. Network-based quantitative trait linkage analysis of microbiome composition in inflammatory bowel disease families. Front Genet 2023; 14:1048312. [PMID: 36755569 PMCID: PMC9901208 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1048312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by a dysbiosis of the gut microbiome that results from the interaction of the constituting taxa with one another, and with the host. At the same time, host genetic variation is associated with both IBD risk and microbiome composition. Methods: In the present study, we defined quantitative traits (QTs) from modules identified in microbial co-occurrence networks to measure the inter-individual consistency of microbial abundance and subjected these QTs to a genome-wide quantitative trait locus (QTL) linkage analysis. Results: Four microbial network modules were consistently identified in two cohorts of healthy individuals, but three of the corresponding QTs differed significantly between IBD patients and unaffected individuals. The QTL linkage analysis was performed in a sub-sample of the Kiel IBD family cohort (IBD-KC), an ongoing study of 256 German families comprising 455 IBD patients and 575 first- and second-degree, non-affected relatives. The analysis revealed five chromosomal regions linked to one of three microbial module QTs, namely on chromosomes 3 (spanning 10.79 cM) and 11 (6.69 cM) for the first module, chr9 (0.13 cM) and chr16 (1.20 cM) for the second module, and chr13 (19.98 cM) for the third module. None of these loci have been implicated in a microbial phenotype before. Discussion: Our study illustrates the benefit of combining network and family-based linkage analysis to identify novel genetic drivers of microbiome composition in a specific disease context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunabh Sharma
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Olaf Junge
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Silke Szymczak
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Malte Christoph Rühlemann
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany,Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Janna Enderle
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Laudes
- Institute of Diabetology and Clinical Metabolic Research, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Krawczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Astrid Dempfle
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany,*Correspondence: Astrid Dempfle,
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Vyletelová V, Nováková M, Pašková Ľ. Alterations of HDL's to piHDL's Proteome in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, and HDL-Targeted Therapies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1278. [PMID: 36297390 PMCID: PMC9611871 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, steatohepatitis, periodontitis, chronic kidney disease, and others are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which persists even after accounting for traditional cardiac risk factors. The common factor linking these diseases to accelerated atherosclerosis is chronic systemic low-grade inflammation triggering changes in lipoprotein structure and metabolism. HDL, an independent marker of cardiovascular risk, is a lipoprotein particle with numerous important anti-atherogenic properties. Besides the essential role in reverse cholesterol transport, HDL possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antithrombotic properties. Inflammation and inflammation-associated pathologies can cause modifications in HDL's proteome and lipidome, transforming HDL from atheroprotective into a pro-atherosclerotic lipoprotein. Therefore, a simple increase in HDL concentration in patients with inflammatory diseases has not led to the desired anti-atherogenic outcome. In this review, the functions of individual protein components of HDL, rendering them either anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory are described in detail. Alterations of HDL proteome (such as replacing atheroprotective proteins by pro-inflammatory proteins, or posttranslational modifications) in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases and their impact on cardiovascular health are discussed. Finally, molecular, and clinical aspects of HDL-targeted therapies, including those used in therapeutical practice, drugs in clinical trials, and experimental drugs are comprehensively summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ľudmila Pašková
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Næsborg-Nielsen C, Wilkinson V, Mejia-Pacheco N, Carver S. Evidence underscoring immunological and clinical pathological changes associated with Sarcoptes scabiei infection: synthesis and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:658. [PMID: 35902827 PMCID: PMC9335973 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07635-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcoptes scabiei is one of the most impactful mammalian parasites. There has been much research on immunological and clinical pathological changes associated with S. scabiei parasitism across a range of host species. This rich body of literature is complex, and we seek to bring that complexity together in this study. We first (1) synthesise narrative reviews of immunopathological relationships to S. scabiei infection to construct overarching hypotheses; then (2) undertake a systematic meta-analysis of primary literature on immunological and clinical pathological changes; and lastly (3) contrast our findings from the meta-analysis to our synthesis from narrative reviews. Methods We synthesised 55 narrative reviews into two overarching hypotheses representing type I and type IV immune responses to S. scabiei infection. We then systematically extracted all literature reporting immunological variables, acute phase proteins, oxidant/antioxidant status, and erythrocytic, hepatological and nephrological changes, calculating 565 effect sizes between controls and sarcoptic mange affected groupings, refining (simplifying) hypotheses from narrative reviews. Results Immunological and clinical pathological parameters were most often studied in dogs (n = 12) and humans (n = 14). Combining immunological and clinical pathological information across mammalian species (n = 19) helped yield general insights into observed disease responses. This is evidenced by interspecific consensus in 27 immunological and clinical pathology variables (6/26 type I hypersensitivity, 3/20 type IV hypersensitivity, 6/10 oxidant/antioxidant status, 3/6 acute phase protein, 4/7 erythrocytic, and 5/10 hepatological/nephrological). Conclusions Elevated IgE, eosinophils and mast cells in type I hypersensitivity response corresponded to what was described in narrative reviews. Results from type IV hypersensitivity response suggested typical antibody response, however cell-mediated response was less evident. Some consensus of acute phase protein response and shifted oxidant/antioxidant balance and slight evidence of anemia. We highlight the need for mange/scabies studies to more routinely compare immunological and clinical pathological changes against controls, and include collection of a more standardised suite of variables among studies.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-022-07635-5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vicky Wilkinson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Natalia Mejia-Pacheco
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Scott Carver
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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Wei J, Sun J, Zeng J, Ji E, Xu J, Tang C, Huo H, Zhang Y, Li H, Yang H. Precise Investigation of the Efficacy of Multicomponent Drugs Against Pneumonia Infected With Influenza Virus. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:604009. [PMID: 34867309 PMCID: PMC8636456 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.604009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Viral pneumonia is one of the most serious respiratory diseases, and multicomponent traditional Chinese medicines have been applied in the management of infected patients. As a representative TCM, HouYanQing (HYQ) oral liquid shows antiviral activity. However, the unclear mechanisms, as well as the ambiguous clinical effects, limit widespread application of this treatment. Therefore, in this study, a proteomics-based approach was utilized to precisely investigate its efficacy. Methods: Based on the efficacy evaluation of HYQ in a mouse model of pneumonia caused by influenza A virus (H1N1) and the subsequent proteomics analysis, specific signatures regulated by HYQ treatment of viral pneumonia were identified. Results: Experimental verifications indicate that HYQ may show distinctive effects in viral pneumonia patients, such as elevated galectin-3-binding protein and glutathione peroxidase 3 levels. Conclusion: This study provides a precise investigation of the efficacy of a multicomponent drug against viral pneumonia and offers a promising alternative for personalized management of viral pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Enhui Ji
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyu Tang
- Research Center of Anti-infection Chinese Medicine Engineering Technology, Yongzhou, China
| | - Hairu Huo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Menzel A, Samouda H, Dohet F, Loap S, Ellulu MS, Bohn T. Common and Novel Markers for Measuring Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Ex Vivo in Research and Clinical Practice-Which to Use Regarding Disease Outcomes? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030414. [PMID: 33803155 PMCID: PMC8001241 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many chronic conditions such as cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, type-2 diabetes, obesity, peripheral/coronary artery disease and auto-immune diseases are associated with low-grade inflammation. Closely related to inflammation is oxidative stress (OS), which can be either causal or secondary to inflammation. While a low level of OS is physiological, chronically increased OS is deleterious. Therefore, valid biomarkers of these signalling pathways may enable detection and following progression of OS/inflammation as well as to evaluate treatment efficacy. Such biomarkers should be stable and obtainable through non-invasive methods and their determination should be affordable and easy. The most frequently used inflammatory markers include acute-phase proteins, essentially CRP, serum amyloid A, fibrinogen and procalcitonin, and cytokines, predominantly TNFα, interleukins 1β, 6, 8, 10 and 12 and their receptors and IFNγ. Some cytokines appear to be disease-specific. Conversely, OS-being ubiquitous-and its biomarkers appear less disease or tissue-specific. These include lipid peroxidation products, e.g., F2-isoprostanes and malondialdehyde, DNA breakdown products (e.g., 8-OH-dG), protein adducts (e.g., carbonylated proteins), or antioxidant status. More novel markers include also -omics related ones, as well as non-invasive, questionnaire-based measures, such as the dietary inflammatory-index (DII), but their link to biological responses may be variable. Nevertheless, many of these markers have been clearly related to a number of diseases. However, their use in clinical practice is often limited, due to lacking analytical or clinical validation, or technical challenges. In this review, we strive to highlight frequently employed and useful markers of inflammation-related OS, including novel promising markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Menzel
- Laboratoires Réunis, 38, Rue Hiehl, L-6131 Junglinster, Luxembourg; (A.M.); (F.D.)
| | - Hanen Samouda
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B, Rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg;
| | - Francois Dohet
- Laboratoires Réunis, 38, Rue Hiehl, L-6131 Junglinster, Luxembourg; (A.M.); (F.D.)
| | - Suva Loap
- Clinic Cryo Esthetic, 11 Rue Éblé, 75007 Paris, France;
| | - Mohammed S. Ellulu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Azhar University of Gaza (AUG), Gaza City 00970, Palestine;
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B, Rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg;
- Correspondence:
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Hypoferremia is Associated With Increased Hospitalization and Oxygen Demand in COVID-19 Patients. Hemasphere 2020; 4:e492. [PMID: 33205000 PMCID: PMC7665253 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron metabolism might play a crucial role in cytokine release syndrome in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, we assessed iron metabolism markers in COVID-19 patients for their ability to predict disease severity. COVID-19 patients referred to the Heidelberg University Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into outpatients (cohort A, n = 204), inpatients (cohort B, n = 81), and outpatients later admitted to hospital because of health deterioration (cohort C, n = 23). Iron metabolism parameters were severely altered in patients of cohort B and C compared to cohort A. In multivariate regression analysis including age, gender, CRP and iron-related parameters only serum iron and ferritin were significantly associated with hospitalization. ROC analysis revealed an AUC for serum iron of 0.894 and an iron concentration <6 μmol/l as the best cutoff-point predicting hospitalization with a sensitivity of 94.7% and a specificity of 67.9%. When stratifying inpatients in a low- and high oxygen demand group serum iron levels differed significantly between these two groups and showed a high negative correlation with the inflammatory parameters IL-6, procalcitonin, and CRP. Unexpectedly, serum iron levels poorly correlate with hepcidin. We conclude that measurement of serum iron can help predicting the severity of COVID-19. The differences in serum iron availability observed between the low and high oxygen demand group suggest that disturbed iron metabolism likely plays a causal role in the pathophysiology leading to lung injury.
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Krzystek-Korpacka M, Kempiński R, Bromke MA, Neubauer K. Oxidative Stress Markers in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E601. [PMID: 32824619 PMCID: PMC7459713 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10080601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise diagnostic biomarker in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is still missing. We conducted a comprehensive overview of oxidative stress markers (OSMs) as potential diagnostic, differential, progression, and prognostic markers in IBD. A Pubmed, Web of Knowledge, and Scopus search of original articles on OSMs in IBD, published between January 2000 and April 2020, was conducted. Out of 874 articles, 79 eligible studies were identified and used to prepare the interpretative synthesis. Antioxidants followed by lipid peroxidation markers were the most popular and markers of oxidative DNA damage the least popular. There was a disparity in the number of retrieved papers evaluating biomarkers in the adult and pediatric population (n = 6). Of the reviewed OSMs, a promising performance has been reported for serum total antioxidant status as a mucosal healing marker, mucosal 8-OHdG as a progression marker, and for multi-analyte panels of lipid peroxidation products assessed non-invasively in breath as diagnostic and differential markers in the pediatric population. Bilirubin, in turn, was the only validated marker. There is a desperate need for non-invasive biomarkers in IBD which, however, will not be met in the near future by oxidative stress markers as they are promising but mostly at the early research phase of discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Radosław Kempiński
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Mariusz A. Bromke
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Neubauer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Krzystek-Korpacka M, Kempiński R, Bromke M, Neubauer K. Biochemical Biomarkers of Mucosal Healing for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Adults. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10060367. [PMID: 32498475 PMCID: PMC7344443 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10060367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal healing (MH) is the key therapeutic target of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The evaluation of MH remains challenging, with endoscopy being the golden standard. We performed a comprehensive overview of the performance of fecal-, serum-, and urine-based biochemical markers in colonic IBD to find out whether we are ready to replace endoscopy with a non-invasive but equally accurate instrument. A Pubmed, Web of Knowledge, and Scopus search of original articles as potential MH markers in adults, published between January 2009 and March 2020, was conducted. Finally, 84 eligible studies were identified. The most frequently studied fecal marker was calprotectin (44 studies), with areas under the curves (AUCs) ranging from 0.70 to 0.99 in ulcerative colitis (UC) and from 0.70 to 0.94 in Crohn`s disease (CD), followed by lactoferrin (4 studies), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (3 studies), and lipocalin-2 (3 studies). The most frequently studied serum marker was C-reactive protein (30 studies), with AUCs ranging from 0.60 to 0.96 in UC and from 0.64 to 0.93 in CD. Fecal calprotectin is an accurate MH marker in IBD in adults; however, it cannot replace endoscopy and the application of calprotectin is hampered by the lack of standardization concerning the cut-off value. Other markers are either not sufficiently accurate or have not been studied extensively enough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.K.-K.); (K.N.)
| | - Radosław Kempiński
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Bromke
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Neubauer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.K.-K.); (K.N.)
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11
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H-Ferritin is essential for macrophages' capacity to store or detoxify exogenously added iron. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3061. [PMID: 32080266 PMCID: PMC7033252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59898-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are central cells both in the immune response and in iron homeostasis. Iron is both essential and potentially toxic. Therefore, iron acquisition, transport, storage, and release are tightly regulated, by several important proteins. Cytosolic ferritin is an iron storage protein composed of 24 subunits of either the L- or the H-type chains. H-ferritin differs from L-ferritin in the capacity to oxidize Fe2+ to Fe3+. In this work, we investigated the role played by H-ferritin in the macrophages’ ability to respond to immune stimuli and to deal with exogenously added iron. We used mice with a conditional deletion of the H-ferritin gene in the myeloid lineage to obtain bone marrow-derived macrophages. These macrophages had normal viability and gene expression under basal culture conditions. However, when treated with interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide they had a lower activation of Nitric Oxide Synthase 2. Furthermore, H-ferritin-deficient macrophages had a higher sensitivity to iron-induced toxicity. This sensitivity was associated with a lower intracellular iron accumulation but a higher production of reactive oxygen species. These data indicate that H-ferritin modulates macrophage response to immune stimuli and that it plays an essential role in protection against iron-induced oxidative stress and cell death.
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12
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Reichert CO, de Macedo CG, Levy D, Sini BC, Monteiro AM, Gidlund M, Maselli LMF, Gualandro SFM, Bydlowski SP. Paraoxonases (PON) 1, 2, and 3 Polymorphisms and PON-1 Activities in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8080252. [PMID: 31366068 PMCID: PMC6720480 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, vasoocclusion, and free iron are all features present in sickle cell disease. Paraoxonases (PON) are a family (PON-1, PON-2, PON-3) of antioxidant enzymes with anti-inflammatory action. Here, for the first time, we described PON-1 activities and PON-1, PON-2, PON-3 polymorphisms in patients with sickle cell disease, homozygous for HbSS, compared with healthy controls. (2) Methods: The groups were matched for age and gender. PON-1 activities (arylesterase and paraoxonase) were determined by enzymatic hydrolysis of phenylcetate and paraoxon, respectively. Polymorphisms were determined by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism- Polymerase Chain Reaction (RFLP-PCR). (3) Results: Plasma cholesterol and fractions, ApoA1 and ApoB levels were all decreased in sickle cell disease patients, while anti-oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) antibodies and C-reactive protein were increased. Serum arylesterase activity was lower in sickle cell disease patients when compared with healthy controls. In patients, paraoxonase activity was higher in those with PON-1 RR Q192R polymorphism. In these patients, the increase of serum iron and ferritin levels and transferrin saturation were less pronounced than those observed in patients with QQ or QR polymorphism. No differences were observed with PON-1 L55M, and PON-2 and PON-3 polymorphisms. Multivariate regression analysis showed that transferrin and ferritin concentrations correlated with arylesterase and paraoxonase activities. (4) Conclusions: Both transferrin and ferritin were the main predictors of decreased arylesterase and paraoxonase activities in patients with sickle cell disease. LDL oxidation increased, and RR PON-1 Q192R polymorphism is likely to be a protective factor against oxidative damage in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cadiele Oliana Reichert
- Lipids, Oxidation, and Cell Biology Group, Laboratory of Immunology (LIM19), Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 05403-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Garcia de Macedo
- Lipids, Oxidation, and Cell Biology Group, Laboratory of Immunology (LIM19), Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 05403-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora Levy
- Lipids, Oxidation, and Cell Biology Group, Laboratory of Immunology (LIM19), Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 05403-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Carnevale Sini
- Lipids, Oxidation, and Cell Biology Group, Laboratory of Immunology (LIM19), Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 05403-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréia Moreira Monteiro
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Magnus Gidlund
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Morganti Ferreira Maselli
- Lipids, Oxidation, and Cell Biology Group, Laboratory of Immunology (LIM19), Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 05403-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sérgio Paulo Bydlowski
- Lipids, Oxidation, and Cell Biology Group, Laboratory of Immunology (LIM19), Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 05403-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
- Center of Innovation and Translational Medicine (CIMTRA), Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 05360-130 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa (INCT-Regenera), CNPq, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Borna H, Hosseini Qale Noe SH, Harchegani AB, Talatappe NR, Ghatrehsamani M, Ghanei M, Shahriary A. A review on proteomics analysis to reveal biological pathways and predictive proteins in sulfur mustard exposed patients: roles of inflammation and oxidative stress. Inhal Toxicol 2019; 31:3-11. [DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1558316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hojat Borna
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hojjat Hosseini Qale Noe
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Beigi Harchegani
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rahmani Talatappe
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ghatrehsamani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Shahriary
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Neubauer K, Kempinski R, Matusiewicz M, Bednarz-Misa I, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Nonenzymatic Serum Antioxidant Capacity in IBD and Its Association with the Severity of Bowel Inflammation and Corticosteroids Treatment. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2019. [PMID: 30986917 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55040088.pmid:30986917;pmcid:pmc6524017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Oxidative stress signalling plays a monumental role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Reduction of oxidative stress might control inflammation, block tissue damage, and reverse natural history of IBD. We assessed the serum concentrations of free thiols (FT) and uric acid (SUA), together constituting a large part of nonenzymatic serum antioxidant capacity, as well as total antioxidant status (TAS) with reference to IBD phenotype, activity, co-occurrence of anemia, and treatment with azathioprine (AZA) and corticosteroids (CS). Additionally, we appraised the potential of uric acid, thiol stress, and TAS as mucosal healing (MH) markers in ulcerative colitis. Materials and methods: SUA, FT, and TAS were measured colorimetrically using, respectively, uricase, Ellman's and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) methods. Results: The study group consisted of 175 individuals: 57 controls, 71 ulcerative colitis (UC), and 47 Crohn's disease (CD) patients. When compared to controls, SUA levels were significantly lower in patients with CD, and FT and TAS levels were significantly lower in patients with CD and UC. In UC patients, SUA, FT, and TAS inversely correlated with the severity of bowel inflammation. As MH markers, SUA displayed better overall accuracy and higher specificity than FT. In active CD, FT, and SUA were significantly lower in patients with anemia. FT was significantly lower in patients treated with corticosteroids. Conclusions: IBD patients, regardless the disease phenotype, have systemic thiol stress, depleted total antioxidant capacity, and reduced concentrations of uric acid, reflecting, to various degrees, clinical and local disease activity as well as presence of anaemia, the most common extraintestinal manifestation of IBD. Evaluation of systemic total antioxidant status may be useful in noninvasive assessment of mucosal healing. Our findings on thiol stress provide an additional aspect on adverse effects of corticosteroids therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Neubauer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Radoslaw Kempinski
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | | | - Iwona Bednarz-Misa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Nonenzymatic Serum Antioxidant Capacity in IBD and Its Association with the Severity of Bowel Inflammation and Corticosteroids Treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55040088. [PMID: 30986917 PMCID: PMC6524017 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55040088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Oxidative stress signalling plays a monumental role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Reduction of oxidative stress might control inflammation, block tissue damage, and reverse natural history of IBD. We assessed the serum concentrations of free thiols (FT) and uric acid (SUA), together constituting a large part of nonenzymatic serum antioxidant capacity, as well as total antioxidant status (TAS) with reference to IBD phenotype, activity, co-occurrence of anemia, and treatment with azathioprine (AZA) and corticosteroids (CS). Additionally, we appraised the potential of uric acid, thiol stress, and TAS as mucosal healing (MH) markers in ulcerative colitis. Materials and methods: SUA, FT, and TAS were measured colorimetrically using, respectively, uricase, Ellman’s and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) methods. Results: The study group consisted of 175 individuals: 57 controls, 71 ulcerative colitis (UC), and 47 Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. When compared to controls, SUA levels were significantly lower in patients with CD, and FT and TAS levels were significantly lower in patients with CD and UC. In UC patients, SUA, FT, and TAS inversely correlated with the severity of bowel inflammation. As MH markers, SUA displayed better overall accuracy and higher specificity than FT. In active CD, FT, and SUA were significantly lower in patients with anemia. FT was significantly lower in patients treated with corticosteroids. Conclusions: IBD patients, regardless the disease phenotype, have systemic thiol stress, depleted total antioxidant capacity, and reduced concentrations of uric acid, reflecting, to various degrees, clinical and local disease activity as well as presence of anaemia, the most common extraintestinal manifestation of IBD. Evaluation of systemic total antioxidant status may be useful in noninvasive assessment of mucosal healing. Our findings on thiol stress provide an additional aspect on adverse effects of corticosteroids therapy.
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