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Nguyen BV, Nguyen HH, Vo TH, Le MT, Tran-Nguyen VK, Vu TT, Nguyen PV. Prevalence and drug susceptibility of clinical Candida species in nasopharyngeal cancer patients in Vietnam. One Health 2024; 18:100659. [PMID: 38179314 PMCID: PMC10761778 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In the nature, Candida species are normal inhabitants and can be observed in a wide variety of vertebrates. In humans, especially for cancer patients who fall prey to opportunistic pathogens, this group of susceptible multi-drug resistant and biofilm-forming yeasts, are among the commonest ones. In this study, Candida species in 76 oral lesion samples from Vietnamese nasopharyngeal-cancer patients were isolated, morphologically identified using CHROMagar™, germ tube formation, and chlamydospore formation tests, and molecularly confirmed by PCR-RFLP. The drug susceptibility of these isolates was then tested, and the gene ERG11 was DNA sequenced to investigate the mechanism of resistance. The results showed that Candida albicans remained the most prevalent species (63.16% of the cases), followed by Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, and Candida krusei. The rates of resistance of non-albicans Candida for tested drugs were 85.71%, 53.57%, and 57.14% to fluconazole, clotrimazole, and miconazole, respectively. Although the drug-resistance rate of Candida albicans was lower than that of non-albicans Candida, it was higher than expected, suggesting an emerging drug-resistance phenomenon. Furthermore, ERG11 DNA sequencing revealed different mutations (especially K128T), implying the presence of multiple resistance mechanisms. Altogether, the results indicate an alarming drug-resistance situation in Candida species in Vietnamese cancer patients and emphasize the importance of species identification and their drug susceptibility prior to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bac V.G. Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Hau H.N. Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Thanh-Hoa Vo
- School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Minh-Tri Le
- School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Viet-Khoa Tran-Nguyen
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, Marseille, France
| | - Thao Thanh Vu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Phuoc-Vinh Nguyen
- School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases, International University, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
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Lima LFG, de Paula Castro V, Álvarez CMO, Ambrósio SR, Rodrigues MA, Pires RH. Assessing the efficacy of gutiferone E in photodynamic therapy for oral candidiasis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 250:112834. [PMID: 38157703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The rise in antifungal resistance and side effects of conventional treatments drive the search for innovative therapies like Photodynamic Therapy (PDT). This study explored the efficacy of PDT mediated by gutiferone, an isolated compound from red propolis, for candidiasis treatment. Multiple evaluation methods were employed, including determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) via broth microdilution, quantifying biomass using crystal violet detachment, and cell counting through total plate count. PDT mediated by gutiferone was also assessed in five groups of mice, followed by histopathological examination and agar plating of lingual tissue samples. Among the seven Candida species tested, gutiferone displayed efficacy against C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. tropicalis, with MIC values of 1000 μg/mL. In C. tropicalis biofilms, exposure to gutiferone led to a reduction of 1.61 Log10 CFU/mL. PDT mediated by gutiferone achieved an average reduction of 3.68 Log10 CFU/mL in C. tropicalis biofilm cells, underscoring its potent fungicidal activity. Histopathological analysis revealed fungal structures, such as pseudohyphae and hyphae, in infected groups (G2) and irradiated mice. In contrast, groups treated with gutiferone or subjected to gutiferone-assisted PDT (G5) exhibited only few blastoconidia. Furthermore, CFU/mL assessments in lingual tissue post-treatment demonstrated a significantly lower count (0.30 Log10 CFU/mL) in the G5 group compared to G2 (2.43 Log10 CFU/mL). These findings highlight the potential of PDT mediated by gutiferone as a promising alternative for managing denture stomatitis. Future research and clinical investigations offer the promise of validating its clinical applicability and improving outcomes in the treatment of oral candidiasis.
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Ouyang J, Yan J, Zhou X, Isnard S, Tang S, Costiniuk CT, Chen Y, Routy JP, Chen Y. The Influence of Oral Terbinafine on Gut Fungal Microbiome Composition and Microbial Translocation in People Living with HIV Treated for Onychomycosis. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:963. [PMID: 37888218 PMCID: PMC10607585 DOI: 10.3390/jof9100963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
People living with HIV (PLWH) display altered gut epithelium that allows for the translocation of microbial products, contributing to systemic immune activation. Although there are numerous studies which examine the gut bacterial microbiome in PLWH, few studies describing the fungal microbiome, or the mycobiome, have been reported. Like the gut bacterial microbiome, the fungal microbiome and its by-products play a role in maintaining the body's homeostasis and modulating immune function. We conducted a prospective study to assess the effects of oral terbinafine, an antifungal agent widely used against onychomycosis, on gut permeability and microbiome composition in ART-treated PLWH (trial registration: ChiCTR2100043617). Twenty participants completed all follow-up visits. During terbinafine treatment, the levels of the intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) significantly increased, and the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) significantly decreased, from baseline to week 12. Both markers subsequently returned to pre-treatment levels after terbinafine discontinuation. After terbinafine treatment, the abundance of fungi decreased significantly, while the abundance of the bacteria did not change. After terbinafine discontinuation, the abundance of fungi returned to the levels observed pre-treatment. Moreover, terbinafine treatment induced only minor changes in the composition of the gut bacterial and fungal microbiome. In summary, oral terbinafine decreases fungal microbiome abundance while only slightly influencing gut permeability and microbial translocation in ART-treated PLWH. This study's findings should be validated in larger and more diverse studies of ART-treated PLWH; our estimates of effect size can be used to inform optimal sample sizes for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ouyang
- Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China; (J.O.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jiangyu Yan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China; (J.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China;
| | - Stéphane Isnard
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (S.I.); (C.T.C.)
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Shengquan Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China; (J.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Cecilia T. Costiniuk
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (S.I.); (C.T.C.)
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Yaling Chen
- Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China; (J.O.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (S.I.); (C.T.C.)
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Yaokai Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China; (J.Y.); (S.T.)
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Hosseini Bafghi M, Zarrinfar H, Darroudi M, Zargar M, Nazari R. Green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles and evaluate their effect on the expression of ERG3, ERG11, and FKS1 antifungal resistance genes in Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 74:809-819. [PMID: 35138666 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance in Candida species has been considerably increased in the last decades. Given the opposition to antifungal agents, toxicity, and interactions of the antimicrobial drugs, identifying new antifungal agents seems essential. This study assessed the antifungal effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on the standard strains of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata and determined the expression genes, including ERG3, ERG11, and FKS1. Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) were biosynthesized with a standard strain of C. albicans and approved by several methods including, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, XRD technique, FTIR analysis, FESEM microscopy, and EDX diagram. The antifungal susceptibility testing performed the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) using the CLSI M27-A3 and M27-S4 broth microdilution method. The expression of the desired genes was examined by the real-time PCR assay between untreated and treated by antifungal drugs and Se-NPs. The MICs of itraconazole, amphotericin B, and anidulafungin against C. albicans and C. glabrata were 64, 16, and 4 µg/ml. In comparison, reduced the MIC values for samples treated with Se-NPs to 1 and 0.5 µg/ml. The results obtained from real-time PCR and analysis of the ∆∆Cq values showed that the expression of ERG3, ERG11, and FKS1 genes was significantly down-regulated in Se-NPs concentrations (P<0.05). This study's evidence implies biosafety Se-NPs have favorable effects on the reducing expression of ERG3, ERG11, and FKS1 antifungal resistance genes in C. albicans and C. glabrata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Hosseini Bafghi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Hossein Zarrinfar
- Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Zargar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Razieh Nazari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
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Activity of antifungal drugs and Brazilian red and green propolis extracted with different methodologies against oral isolates of Candida spp. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:286. [PMID: 34814913 PMCID: PMC8611924 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03445-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic disease caused by fungi of the Candida genus. The occurrence of Candida spp. resistance to the commercial antifungal drugs points to the search for alternative treatments. Propolis has been successfully used in the treatment of infectious diseases for centuries. It has been proposed that an ultrasound pretreatment in the propolis extraction protocol can enhance the concentrations of molecules with antimicrobial activities in the final extract. Thus, this study aimed to compare the antifungal activity against oral Candida spp. isolates of green and red propolis extracts submitted or not to an ultrasound pretreatment before the extraction procedure. Methods Candida spp. were isolated from denture stomatitis lesions and identified by sequencing. Oral Candida spp. isolates and reference strains were submitted to broth microdilution assays using commercial antifungals and Brazilian green and red propolis extracts submitted or not to an ultrasound pretreatment. Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and Minimal Fungicide Concentrations (MFC) were determined and biofilm formation interference was evaluated for resistant isolates. Results C. albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida dubliniensis were isolated from denture stomatitis lesions. Growth inhibition was observed in all Candida isolates incubated with all green and red propolis extracts. At lower doses, red propolis extracts presented significant antifungal activity. The ultrasound pretreatment did not promote an increase in the antifungal activity of green or red propolis. Three isolates, which were highly resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole, were susceptible to low doses of red propolis extracts. These same three specimens had their biofilm formation inhibted by red propolis ethanolic extract. Conclusions Thus, red propolis can be faced as a promising natural product to be used in the auxiliary antifungal therapy of denture stomatitis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03445-5.
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Biernasiuk A, Berecka-Rycerz A, Gumieniczek A, Malm M, Łączkowski KZ, Szymańska J, Malm A. The newly synthesized thiazole derivatives as potential antifungal compounds against Candida albicans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6355-6367. [PMID: 34410437 PMCID: PMC8374424 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11477-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Recently, the occurrence of candidiasis has increased dramatically, especially in immunocompromised patients. Additionally, their treatment is often ineffective due to the resistance of yeasts to antimycotics. Therefore, there is a need to search for new antifungals. A series of nine newly synthesized thiazole derivatives containing the cyclopropane system, showing promising activity against Candida spp., has been further investigated. We decided to verify their antifungal activity towards clinical Candida albicans isolated from the oral cavity of patients with hematological malignancies and investigate the mode of action on fungal cell, the effect of combination with the selected antimycotics, toxicity to erythrocytes, and lipophilicity. These studies were performed by the broth microdilution method, test with sorbitol and ergosterol, checkerboard technique, erythrocyte lysis assay, and reversed phase thin-layer chromatography, respectively. All derivatives showed very strong activity (similar and even higher than nystatin) against all C. albicans isolates with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 0.008–7.81 µg/mL Their mechanism of action may be related to action within the fungal cell wall structure and/or within the cell membrane. The interactions between the derivatives and the selected antimycotics (nystatin, chlorhexidine, and thymol) showed additive effect only in the case of combination some of them and thymol. The erythrocyte lysis assay confirmed the low cytotoxicity of these compounds as compared to nystatin. The high lipophilicity of the derivatives was related with their high antifungal activity. The present studies confirm that the studied thiazole derivatives containing the cyclopropane system appear to be a very promising group of compounds in treatment of infections caused by C. albicans. However, this requires further studies in vivo. Key points • The newly thiazoles showed high antifungal activity and some of them — additive effect in combination with thymol. • Their mode of action may be related with the influence on the structure of the fungal cell wall and/or the cell membrane. • The low cytotoxicity against erythrocytes and high lipophilicity of these derivatives are their additional good properties. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-021-11477-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Biernasiuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Anna Berecka-Rycerz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Gumieniczek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Maria Malm
- Department of Medicinal Informatics and Statistics with E-Learning Lab, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, Lublin, 20-090, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Z Łączkowski
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jolanta Szymańska
- Department of Integrated Paediatric Dentistry, Chair of Integrated Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lubartowska 58, 20-94, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Malm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
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Therapeutic Role of Nystatin Added to Tissue Conditioners for Treating Denture-Induced Stomatitis: A Systematic Review. PROSTHESIS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/prosthesis3010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Denture-induced stomatitis (DIS) represents a pathological condition caused by ill-fitting dentures trauma, manifested as inflammation of the palatal tissue beneath the denture. The fungal infections are the principal contributory factors to DIS. Although the aetiology of DIS is multifactorial, the Candida albicans fungal infection remains the main cause. The objective of the present systematic review was to evaluate the latest literature on the addition of nystatin into the tissue conditioners (TCs) in the management of DIS. To search the published literature about “the addition of nystatin in TCs for treating DIS”, electronic databases (PubMed (National library of medicine) and Cochrane Library (Wiley)) were searched (from 1975 until December 2020) using different keywords. Various studies described the effectiveness and efficacy of incorporating nystatin into several TCs. The present systematic review reported that the addition of nystatin is beneficial, with slight or no consequences on both the mechanical and physical features of TCs. Adding nystatin to various TCs for treating DIS can be suggested.
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Sugio CYC, Garcia AAMN, Albach T, Moraes GS, Bonfante EA, Urban VM, Neppelenbroek KH. Candida-Associated Denture Stomatitis and Murine Models: What Is the Importance and Scientific Evidence? J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6020070. [PMID: 32456172 PMCID: PMC7344758 DOI: 10.3390/jof6020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the high prevalence and recurrence of Candida-associated denture stomatitis (CADS), in vivo studies in animal models are necessary before those in humans to evaluate new therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to review the literature on murine models of CADS induction using acrylic intraoral devices simulating dentures. Rats are recommended as experimental animals in these models as well as the adoption of a pasty diet. For maintenance in the proper position during the experiments, intraoral appliances must be obtained by individual impressions, using and retained exclusively by cementation on the molars. The region of interest for histopathological analysis was standardized as that corresponding to the area between the first molars. However, there is no consensus among the studies on the CADS induction rat models in relation to the Candida albicans inoculation and need for immunosuppression and/or administration of antibacterial drugs of animals. The greatest difficulty of the available models refers to maintaining the course of the lesion for a sufficient period to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed treatment, considering the rapid and efficient murine immune response to candidal colonization. Therefore, future studies are necessary for the development of a robust and reproducible CADS model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Yoshi Campos Sugio
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil; (C.Y.C.S.); (A.A.M.N.G.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Amanda Aparecida Maia Neves Garcia
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil; (C.Y.C.S.); (A.A.M.N.G.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Thaís Albach
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenida General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030-900, Brazil; (T.A.); (G.S.M.); (V.M.U.)
| | - Gustavo Simão Moraes
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenida General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030-900, Brazil; (T.A.); (G.S.M.); (V.M.U.)
| | - Estevam Augusto Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil; (C.Y.C.S.); (A.A.M.N.G.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Vanessa Migliorini Urban
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenida General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030-900, Brazil; (T.A.); (G.S.M.); (V.M.U.)
| | - Karin Hermana Neppelenbroek
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil; (C.Y.C.S.); (A.A.M.N.G.); (E.A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-14-3235-8245; Fax: +55-14-3235-8277
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Arias LS, Pessan JP, de Souza Neto FN, Lima BHR, de Camargo ER, Ramage G, Delbem ACB, Monteiro DR. Novel nanocarrier of miconazole based on chitosan-coated iron oxide nanoparticles as a nanotherapy to fight Candida biofilms. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 192:111080. [PMID: 32361504 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Overexposure of microorganisms to conventional drugs has led to resistant species that require new treatment strategies. This study prepared and characterized a nanocarrier of miconazole (MCZ) based on iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with chitosan (CS), and tested its antifungal activity against biofilms of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. IONPs-CS-MCZ nanocarrier was prepared by loading MCZ on CS-covered IONPs and characterized by physicochemical methods. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the nanocarrier was determined by the microdilution method. Biofilms were developed (48 h) in microtiter plates and treated with MCZ-carrying nanocarrier at 31.2 and 78 μg/mL, in both the presence and absence of an external magnetic field (EMF). Biofilms were evaluated by total biomass, metabolic activity, cultivable cells (CFU), extracellular matrix components, scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Holm-Sidak test (p < 0.05). A nanocarrier with diameter lower than 50 nm was obtained, presenting MIC values lower than those found for MCZ, and showing synergism for C. albicans and indifference for C. glabrata (fractional inhibitory concentration indexes of <0.12 and <0.53, respectively). IONPs-CS-MCZ did not affect total biomass and extracellular matrix. IONPs-CS-MCZ containing 78 μg/mL MCZ showed a superior antibiofilm effect to MCZ in reducing CFU and metabolism for single biofilms of C. albicans and dual-species biofilms. The EMF did not improve the nanocarrier effects. Microscopy confirmed the antibiofilm effect of the nanocarrier. In conclusion, IONPs-CS-MCZ was more effective than MCZ mainly against C. albicans planktonic cells and number of CFU and metabolism of the biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Salomão Arias
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, 16015-050 Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliano Pelim Pessan
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, 16015-050 Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Nunes de Souza Neto
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, 16015-050 Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gordon Ramage
- Oral Sciences Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G2 3JZ, UK
| | - Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, 16015-050 Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Douglas Roberto Monteiro
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, 16015-050 Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Graduate Program in Dentistry (GPD - Master's Degree), University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), 19050-920 Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Fatahinia M, Halvaeizadeh M, Zarei Mahmoudabadi A, AboualiGalehdari E, Kiasat N. In vitro antifungal susceptibilities of six antifungal drugs against clinical Candida glabrata isolates according to EUCAST. Curr Med Mycol 2020; 6:1-6. [PMID: 33628974 PMCID: PMC7888517 DOI: 10.18502/cmm.6.2.2692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Candida glabrata is the second cause of candidiasis. The mortality rate of C. glabrata infections is about 40%; accordingly, it may be life threatening, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Regarding this, the current study was conducted to evaluate the regional patterns of the antifungal susceptibility of clinical C. glabrataisolated from the patients referring to the health centers located in Ahvaz, Iran Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 30 clinical strains of C. glabrata isolates were recovered from different body sites (i.e., vagina, mouth, and urine). Phenotypic characteristics and molecular methods were used to identify the isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Results: Our findings demonstrated that 20%, 80%, and 6.7% of the isolates were resistant to amphotericin B, terbinafine, and posaconazole, respectively, while all the isolates were found to be fluconazole susceptible dose dependent and susceptible to voriconazole and caspofungin Conclusion: Our study suggested that voriconazole had high potency against C. glabrata isolates. Consequently, this antifungal agent can be an alternative drug in the treatment of resistant patients. These results can be helpful for the successful treatment of patients in different regions
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Fatahinia
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Halvaeizadeh
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Zarei Mahmoudabadi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham AboualiGalehdari
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Neda Kiasat
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Effect of Terminalia catappa Linn. on Biofilms of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata and on Changes in Color and Roughness of Acrylic Resin. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:7481341. [PMID: 31360209 PMCID: PMC6642777 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7481341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of the n-butanol fraction of Terminalia catappa Linn., (FBuTC) on biofilm of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, as well as changes in color and roughness of polymethyl methacrylate resin (PMMA). The susceptibility of C. albicans and C. glabrata to FBuTC was evaluated by means of the Minimum Inhibitory and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MIC and MFC). PMMA acrylic resin discs (N= 108) were fabricated. For the susceptibility tests, biofilms of C. albicans and C. glabrata were developed on discs for 48 h and immersed in phosphate-saline buffer solution (PBS), 1% sodium hypochlorite (SH 1%), or FBuTC at MIC, 5xMIC, or 10xMIC. For the color and roughness change tests, the discs were immersed in distilled water, SH 1%, or FBuTC in the concentrations of 0.25 mg/mL, 2.5 mg/mL, or 25.0 mg/mL. After 28 days of incubation, color change was evaluated by spectrophotometry and roughness, by using a profilometer. The biofilms were investigated by one-way ANOVA and, the color and roughness changes (two-way ANOVA and the Tukey test; α=0.05). For both MIC and MFC the value of 0.25 mg/mL of FBuTC was observed for the planktonic cells of C. albicans and C. glabrata. Exposure to FBuTC at 10xMIC had a significant effect on the biofilm of C. albicans, showing a reduction in cell counts when compared with PBS, (p=0.001). For the biofilm of C. glabrata, the MIC was sufficient for significantly reducing the cell count (p<0.001). No important changes in color and roughness of the acrylic resin were observed, even after 28 days, irrespective of the concentration of FBuTC used (p >0.05). It could be concluded that the immersion of acrylic resin for dental prosthesis in FBuTC was effective in reducing the biofilms of C. albicans and C. glabrata without evidence of change in roughness and color of this substrate.
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