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Huang Z, Dai H, Li S, Wang Z, Wei Q, Ning Z, Guo Y, Shi F, Lv Z. Maternal supplementation with mulberry-leaf flavonoids improves the development of skeletal muscle in the offspring of chickens. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 18:72-83. [PMID: 39035983 PMCID: PMC11260304 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The development of skeletal muscle is a crucial factor in determining the meat yield and economic benefits of broiler production. Recent research has shown that mulberry leaves and their extracts can be used to significantly improve the growth performance of livestock and poultry. The present study aims to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle development in broiler offspring by dietary mulberry-leaf flavonoids (MLF) supplementation from the perspective of maternal effect theory. A total of 270 Qiling broiler breeder hens were randomly assigned to 3 treatments with different doses of MLF (0, 30, 60 mg/kg) for 8 weeks before collecting their fertilized eggs. The chicken offspring at 13 and 19 d of embryonic stage, and from 1 to 28 d old after hatching were included in this study. The results showed that maternal supplementation increased the breast muscle weight and body weight of the offspring at the embryo and chick stages (P < 0.05). This was followed by increased cross-sectional area of pectoral muscle fibres at 14 d (P < 0.05). Further determination revealed a tendency towards increased serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) (P = 0.092) and muscle fibre count (P = 0.167) at 1 d post-hatching following maternal MLF treatment, while serum uric acid (UA) was decreased at 14 d after hatching (P < 0.05). Moreover, maternal MLF supplementation significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of the myogenic regulatory factor Myf5 in skeletal muscle at the both embryonic and growth stages (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of the downstream protein of BMPR2, Smad1 and p-Smad1/5/9 in the TGFβ signalling pathway was significantly increased by maternal MLF treatment. Meanwhile, the increased expression of the target protein p-mTOR in the breast muscle of the offspring chicks is in accordance with the improved growth rate of the breast and the body. In conclusion, maternal MLF supplementation can promote muscle protein metabolism and muscle fibre development of chick embryos through upregulation of Myf5 expression and BMP/p-Smad1/5/9 axis, thereby improving growth performance of slow growing broiler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongjian Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Simeng Li
- School of Biotechnology, Aksu Vocational and Technical College, Aksu, 843000, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Quanwei Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhonghua Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Figueira MI, Carvalho TMA, Macário-Monteiro J, Cardoso HJ, Correia S, Vaz CV, Duarte AP, Socorro S. The Pros and Cons of Estrogens in Prostate Cancer: An Update with a Focus on Phytoestrogens. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1636. [PMID: 39200101 PMCID: PMC11351860 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of estrogens in prostate cancer (PCa) is shrouded in mystery, with its actions going from angelic to devilish. The findings by Huggins and Hodges establishing PCa as a hormone-sensitive cancer have provided the basis for using estrogens in therapy. However, despite the clinical efficacy in suppressing tumor growth and the panoply of experimental evidence describing its anticarcinogenic effects, estrogens were abolished from PCa treatment because of the adverse secondary effects. Notwithstanding, research work over the years has continued investigating the effects of estrogens, reporting their pros and cons in prostate carcinogenesis. In contrast with the beneficial therapeutic effects, many reports have implicated estrogens in the disruption of prostate cell fate and tissue homeostasis. On the other hand, epidemiological data demonstrating the lower incidence of PCa in Eastern countries associated with a higher consumption of phytoestrogens support the beneficial role of estrogens in counteracting cancer development. Many studies have investigated the effects of phytoestrogens and the underlying mechanisms of action, which may contribute to developing safe estrogen-based anti-PCa therapies. This review compiles the existing data on the anti- and protumorigenic actions of estrogens and summarizes the anticancer effects of several phytoestrogens, highlighting their promising features in PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sílvia Socorro
- CICS-UBI, Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (M.I.F.)
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Kim JG, Sharma AR, Lee YH, Chatterjee S, Choi YJ, Rajvansh R, Chakraborty C, Lee SS. Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin as an Antioxidant for Bone-Muscle-Tendon Regeneration and Aging. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0282. [PMID: 39012676 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (QC), a naturally occurring bioflavonoid found in various fruits and vegetables, possesses many potential health benefits, primarily attributed to its robust antioxidant properties. The generation of oxidative stress in bone cells is a key modulator of their physiological behavior. Moreover, oxidative stress status influences the pathophysiology of mineralized tissues. Increasing scientific evidence demonstrates that manipulating the redox balance in bone cells might be an effective technique for developing bone disease therapies. The QC antioxidant abilities in skeletal muscle significantly enhance muscle regeneration and reduce muscle atrophy. In addition, QC has been shown to have protective effects against oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and matrix degradation in tendons, helping to maintain the structural integrity and functionality of tendons. Thus, the antioxidant properties of QC might be crucial for addressing age-related musculoskeletal disorders like osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and tendon-related inflammatory conditions. Understanding how QC influences redox signaling pathways involved in musculoskeletal disorders, including their effect on bone, muscle, and tendon differentiation, might provide insights into the diverse advantages of QC in promoting tissue regeneration and preventing cellular damage. Therefore, this study reviewed the intricate relationship among oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue repair, affected by the antioxidative abilities of QC, in age-related musculoskeletal tissues to improve the overall health of bones, muscles, and tendons of the skeletal system. Also, reviewing the ongoing clinical trials of QC for musculoskeletal systems is encouraging. Given the positive effect of QC on musculoskeletal health, further scientific investigations and controlled human intervention studies are necessary to explore the therapeutic potential to its optimum strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Gyu Kim
- Institute for Skeletal Aging &;amp Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, 24252, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Ashish Ranjan Sharma
- Institute for Skeletal Aging &;amp Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, 24252, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Yeon-Hee Lee
- Institute for Skeletal Aging &;amp Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, 24252, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Srijan Chatterjee
- Institute for Skeletal Aging &;amp Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, 24252, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Yean Jung Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea
| | - Roshani Rajvansh
- Institute for Skeletal Aging &;amp Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, 24252, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Chiranjib Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Barasat-Barrackpore Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700126, India
| | - Sang-Soo Lee
- Institute for Skeletal Aging &;amp Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, 24252, Gangwon-do, Korea
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Feng Y, Dang X, Zheng P, Liu Y, Liu D, Che Z, Yao J, Lin Z, Liao Z, Nie X, Liu F, Zhang Y. Quercetin in Osteoporosis Treatment: A Comprehensive Review of Its Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:353-365. [PMID: 38652430 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00868-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to provide a theoretical basis and insights for quercetin's clinical application in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (OP), analyzing its roles in bone formation promotion, bone resorption inhibition, anti-inflammation, antioxidant effects, and potential mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS OP, a prevalent bone disorder, is marked by reduced bone mineral density and impaired bone architecture, elevating the risk of fractures in patients. The primary approach to OP management is pharmacotherapy, with quercetin, a phytochemical compound, emerging as a focus of recent interest. This natural flavonoid exerts regulatory effects on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts and promotes bone health and metabolic equilibrium via anti-inflammatory and antioxidative pathways. Although quercetin has demonstrated significant potential in regulating bone metabolism, there is a need for further high-quality clinical studies focused on medicinal quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchen Feng
- Hospital of Encephalopathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450099, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xue Dang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Pan Zheng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Diyan Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Zhiying Che
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jianping Yao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Zixuan Lin
- Hospital of Encephalopathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450099, China
| | - Ziyun Liao
- College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xingyuan Nie
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Feixiang Liu
- Hospital of Encephalopathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450099, China.
| | - Yunke Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
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Bolt MJ, Oceguera J, Singh PK, Safari K, Abbott DH, Neugebauer KA, Mancini MG, Gorelick DA, Stossi F, Mancini MA. Characterization of flavonoids with potent and subtype-selective actions on estrogen receptors alpha and beta. iScience 2024; 27:109275. [PMID: 38469564 PMCID: PMC10926205 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The initial step in estrogen-regulated transcription is the binding of a ligand to its cognate receptors, named estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ). Phytochemicals present in foods and environment can compete with endogenous hormones to alter physiological responses. We screened 224 flavonoids in our engineered biosensor ERα and ERβ PRL-array cell lines to characterize their activity on several steps of the estrogen signaling pathway. We identified 83 and 96 flavonoids that can activate ERα or ERβ, respectively. While most act on both receptors, many appear to be subtype-selective, including potent flavonoids that activate ER at sub-micromolar concentrations. We employed an orthogonal assay using a transgenic zebrafish in vivo model that validated the estrogenic potential of these compounds. To our knowledge, this is the largest study thus far on flavonoids and the ER pathway, facilitating the identification of a new set of potential endocrine disruptors acting on both ERα and ERβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Bolt
- Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jessica Oceguera
- Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pankaj K. Singh
- Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kazem Safari
- Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Derek H. Abbott
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kaley A. Neugebauer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center For Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maureen G. Mancini
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daniel A. Gorelick
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center For Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fabio Stossi
- Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael A. Mancini
- Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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6
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Zhang YY, Xie N, Sun XD, Nice EC, Liou YC, Huang C, Zhu H, Shen Z. Insights and implications of sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis. Bone Res 2024; 12:8. [PMID: 38368422 PMCID: PMC10874461 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, a metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mineral density and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, has led to a high risk of fatal osteoporotic fractures worldwide. Accumulating evidence has revealed that sexual dimorphism is a notable feature of osteoporosis, with sex-specific differences in epidemiology and pathogenesis. Specifically, females are more susceptible than males to osteoporosis, while males are more prone to disability or death from the disease. To date, sex chromosome abnormalities and steroid hormones have been proven to contribute greatly to sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis by regulating the functions of bone cells. Understanding the sex-specific differences in osteoporosis and its related complications is essential for improving treatment strategies tailored to women and men. This literature review focuses on the mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis, mainly in a population of aging patients, chronic glucocorticoid administration, and diabetes. Moreover, we highlight the implications of sexual dimorphism for developing therapeutics and preventive strategies and screening approaches tailored to women and men. Additionally, the challenges in translating bench research to bedside treatments and future directions to overcome these obstacles will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Na Xie
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Sun
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Yih-Cherng Liou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Canhua Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huili Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Department of Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, 315040, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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Mostofi M, Mostofi F, Hosseini S, Alipour A, Nourany M, Hamidian R, Vahidi S, Farokhi M, Shokrgozar MA, Homaeigohar S, Wang PY, Shahsavarani H. Efficient three-dimensional (3D) human bone differentiation on quercetin-functionalized isotropic nano-architecture chitinous patterns of cockroach wings. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:129155. [PMID: 38171440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Developing cost-effective, biocompatible scaffolds with nano-structured surface that truthfully replicate the physico-(bio)chemical and structural properties of bone tissue's extracellular matrix (ECM) is still challenging. In this regard, surface functionalization of natural scaffolds to enhance capability of mimicking 3D niches of the bone tissue has been suggested as a solution. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the potential of chitin-based cockroach wings (CW) as a natural scaffold for bone tissue engineering. To raise the osteogenic differentiation capacity of such a scaffold, a quercetin coating was also applied (hereafter this scaffold is referred as QCW). Moreover, the QCW scaffold exhibited effective antibacterial properties against gram-positive S. aureus bacteria. With respect to bone regeneration, the QCW scaffold optimally induced the differentiation of adipose-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (AD-hMSCs) into osteoblasts, as validated by mineralization assays, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity measurements, expression of pre-osteocyte marker genes, and immunocytochemical staining. Confirmation of the potent biocompatibility and physicochemical characteristics of the QCW scaffold through a series of in vitro and in vivo analysis revealed that surface modification had significant effect on multi-purpose features of obtained scaffold. Altogether, surface modification of QCW made it as an affordable bioinspired scaffold for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Mostofi
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mostofi
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saadi Hosseini
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Alipour
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nourany
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Hamidian
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Vahidi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Farokhi
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Peng Yuan Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Hosein Shahsavarani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Calabrese EJ, Hayes AW, Pressman P, Dhawan G, Kapoor R, Agathokleous E, Calabrese V. Quercetin induces its chemoprotective effects via hormesis. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 184:114419. [PMID: 38142767 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is a polyphenol present in numerous fruits and vegetables and therefore widely consumed by humans with average daily dietary intakes of 10-20 mg/day. It is also a popular dietary supplement of 250-1000 mg/day. However, despite the widespread consumer interest in quercetin, due to its possible chemopreventive properties, the extensively studied quercetin presents a highly diverse and complex array of biological effects. Consequently, the present paper provides the first assessment of quercetin-induced hormetic concentration/dose responses, their quantitative features and mechanistic foundations, and their biological, biomedical, clinical, and public health implications. The findings indicate that quercetin-induced hormetic dose responses are widespread, being independent of biological model, cell type, and endpoint. These findings have the potential to enlighten future experimental studies with quercetin especially with respect to study design parameters and may also affect the appraisal of possible public health benefits and risks associated with highly diverse consumer consumption practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Calabrese
- School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Morrill I-N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental Occupational Risk Analysis and Management, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Peter Pressman
- University of Maine, 5728 Fernald Hall, Room 201, Orono, ME, 04469, USA.
| | - Gaurav Dhawan
- Sri Guru Ram Das (SGRD), University of Health Sciences, Amritsar, India.
| | - Rachna Kapoor
- Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA.
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, 95123, Italy.
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9
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Deng TT, Ding WY, Lu XX, Zhang QH, Du JX, Wang LJ, Yang MN, Yin Y, Liu FJ. Pharmacological and mechanistic aspects of quercetin in osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1338951. [PMID: 38333006 PMCID: PMC10851760 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1338951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a bone disease associated with increasing age. Currently, the most common medications used to treat OP are anabolic agents, anti-resorptive agents, and medications with other mechanisms of action. However, many of these medications have unfavorable adverse effects or are not intended for long-term use, potentially exerting a severe negative impact on a patient's life and career and placing a heavy burden on families and society. There is an urgent need to find new drugs that can replace these and have fewer adverse effects. Quercetin (Que) is a common flavonol in nature. Numerous studies have examined the therapeutic applications of Que. However, a comprehensive review of the anti-osteoporotic effects of Que has not yet been conducted. This review aimed to describe the recent studies on the anti-osteoporotic effects of Que, including its biological, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological properties. The outcomes demonstrated that Que could enhance OP by increasing osteoblast differentiation and activity and reducing osteoclast differentiation and activity via the pathways of Wnt/β-catenin, BMP/SMAD/RUNX2, OPG/RANKL/RANK, ERK/JNK, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and transcription factors. Thus, Que is a promising novel drug for the treatment of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Deng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-Yu Ding
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xi-Xue Lu
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qing-Hao Zhang
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jin-Xin Du
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Li-Juan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Mei-Na Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fan-Jie Liu
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Zhang Y, Yang M, Li N, Li Q, Li Y, Zhai Y. Total Flavonoids Isolated from the Leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Augment Peak Bone Mass in Female Rats and Show no Side Effects in Other Organs. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:2410-2423. [PMID: 38963117 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128298755240613100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Eucommia ulmoides is a unique monophyletic and tertiary relict in China and is listed as a national second-class precious protected tree species. Eucommia ulmoides, recognized as a traditional Chinese medicine, can tonify the liver and kidneys and strengthen bones and muscles. Modern pharmacological research has proved that Eucommia ulmoides has multiple osteoprotective effects, including prohibiting the occurrence of osteoporosis and arthritis and enhancing the healing of bone fractures and bone defects. AIM To check its osteotropic effects, which may provide ideas for its potential use for the development of novel drugs to treat osteoporosis, this study evaluated the effect of total flavonoids from Eucommia ulmoides leaves (TFEL) on the acquisition of Peak Bone Mass (PBM) in young female rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS TFEL was isolated, and its purity was confirmed by using a UV spectrophotometer. TFEL with a purity of 85.09% was administered to 6-week-old female rats by oral gavage at a low (50), mid (100), or high (200 mg/kg/d) dose, and the control group was administrated only with the same volume of water. After 13 weeks of treatment, the rats were sacrificed, and serum, different organs, and limb bones (femurs and tibias) were harvested, and the bone turnover markers, organ index, Bone Mineral Density (BMD), biomechanical property, and microstructure parameters were assayed. Furthermore, molecular targets were screened, and network pharmacology analyses were conducted to reveal the potential mechanisms of action of TFEL. RESULTS Oral administration of TFEL for 13 weeks decreased the serum level of bone resorption marker TRACP-5b. As revealed by micro-computer tomography analysis, it elevated BMD even at a low dose (50 mg/kg/d) and improved the microstructural parameters, which were also confirmed by H&E histological staining. However, TFEL showed no effects on body weights, organ index, and micromorphology in the uterus. In our network pharmacology study, an intersection analysis screened out 64 shared targets, with quercetin, kaempferol, naringenin, and apigenin regulating the greatest number of targets associated with osteoporosis. Flavonoids in Eucommia ulmoides inhibited the occurrence of osteoporosis potentially through targeting signaling pathways for calcium, VEGF, IL-17, and NF-κB. Furthermore, AKT1, EGFR, PTGS2, VEGFA, and CALM were found to be potentially important target genes for the osteoprotective effects of flavonoids in Eucommia ulmoides. CONCLUSION The above results suggested that TFEL can be used to elevate the peak bone mass in adolescence in female individuals, which may prevent the occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis, and the good safety of TFEL also suggests that it can be used as a food additive for daily life to improve the bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Henan Kaifeng, 475000, China
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Henan Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Mingzhen Yang
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Henan Kaifeng, 475000, China
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Periodontal Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Henan Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Ningli Li
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Henan Kaifeng, 475000, China
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Periodontal Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Henan Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Qin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Henan Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Henan Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Yuankun Zhai
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Henan Kaifeng, 475000, China
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Periodontal Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Henan Kaifeng, 475000, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Henan Kaifeng, 475000, China
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11
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Tang X, Huang Y, Fang X, Tong X, Yu Q, Zheng W, Fu F. Cornus officinalis: a potential herb for treatment of osteoporosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1289144. [PMID: 38111697 PMCID: PMC10725965 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1289144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic metabolic skeletal disorder characterized by a decline in bone mass, bone mineral density, and deterioration of bone microstructure. It is prevalent among the elderly, particularly postmenopausal women, and poses a substantial burden to patients and society due to the high incidence of fragility fractures. Kidney-tonifying Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has long been utilized for OP prevention and treatment. In contrast to conventional approaches such as hormone replacement therapy, TCM offers distinct advantages such as minimal side effects, low toxicity, excellent tolerability, and suitability for long-term administration. Extensive experimental evidence supports the efficacy of kidney-tonifying TCM, exemplified by formulations based on the renowned herb Cornus officinalis and its bioactive constituents, including morroniside, sweroside, flavonol kaempferol, Cornuside I, in OP treatment. In this review, we provide a comprehensive elucidation of the underlying pathological principles governing OP, with particular emphasis on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, the homeostasis of osteogenic and osteoclastic, and the regulation of vascular and immune systems, all of which critically influence bone homeostasis. Furthermore, the therapeutic mechanisms of Cornus officinalis-based TCM formulations and Cornus officinalis-derived active constituents are discussed. In conclusion, this review aims to enhance understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms responsible for the anti-OP effects of kidney-tonifying TCM, specifically focusing on Cornus officinalis, and seeks to explore more efficacious and safer treatment strategies for OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Tang
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxin Huang
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuliang Fang
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuanying Tong
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenbiao Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Fangda Fu
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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Xi Y, Shen J, Li X, Bao Y, Zhao T, Li B, Zhang X, Wang J, Bao Y, Gao J, Xie Z, Wang Q, Luo Q, Shi H, Li Z, Qin D. Regulatory Effects of Quercetin on Bone Homeostasis: Research Updates and Future Perspectives. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2023; 51:2077-2094. [PMID: 37815494 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The imbalance of bone homeostasis has become a major public medical problem amid the background of an aging population, which is closely related to the occurrence of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and fractures. Presently, most drugs used in the clinical treatment of bone homeostasis imbalance are bisphosphonates, calcitonin, estrogen receptor modulators, and biological agents that inhibit bone resorption or parathyroid hormone analogs that promote bone formation. However, there are many adverse reactions. Therefore, it is necessary to explore potential drugs. Quercetin, as a flavonol compound with various biological activities, is widely distributed in plants. Studies have found that quercetin can regulate bone homeostasis through multiple pathways and targets. An in-depth exploration of the pharmacological mechanism of quercetin is of great significance for the development of new drugs. This review discusses the therapeutic mechanisms of quercetin on bone homeostasis, such as regulating the expression of long non-coding RNA, signaling pathways of bone metabolism, various types of programmed cell death, bone nutrients supply pathways, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, and activation of Sirtuins. We also summarize recent progress in improving quercetin bioavailability and propose some issues worth paying attention to, which may help guide future research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiang Xi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
- Open and Shared Public Science and Technology Service Platform, Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Jiayan Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
- Open and Shared Public Science and Technology Service Platform, Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Xiahuang Li
- The People's Hospital of Mengzi, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, P. R. China
| | - Yi Bao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Bo Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Yanyuan Bao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Jiamei Gao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohu Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Qiu Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, P. R. China
| | - Hongling Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650011, P. R. China
| | - Zhaofu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
- Open and Shared Public Science and Technology Service Platform, Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
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13
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An F, Wang X, Wang C, Liu Y, Sun B, Zhang J, Gao P, Yan C. Research progress on the role of lncRNA-miRNA networks in regulating adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1210627. [PMID: 37645421 PMCID: PMC10461560 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1210627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is characterized by a decrease in osteoblasts and an increase in adipocytes in the bone marrow compartment, alongside abnormal bone/fat differentiation, which ultimately results in imbalanced bone homeostasis. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes to maintain bone homeostasis. Several studies have shown that lncRNAs are competitive endogenous RNAs that form a lncRNA-miRNA network by targeting miRNA for the regulation of bone/fat differentiation in BMSCs; this mechanism is closely related to the corresponding treatment of OP and is important in the development of novel OP-targeted therapies. However, by reviewing the current literature, it became clear that there are limited summaries discussing the effects of the lncRNA-miRNA network on osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Therefore, this article provides a review of the current literature to explore the impact of the lncRNA-miRNA network on the osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs, with the aim of providing a new theoretical basis for the treatment of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu An
- Teaching Experiment Training Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaxia Wang
- School of Tradional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bai Sun
- School of Tradional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Peng Gao
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chunlu Yan
- School of Tradional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Giordani C, Matacchione G, Giuliani A, Valli D, Scarpa ES, Antonelli A, Sabbatinelli J, Giacchetti G, Sabatelli S, Olivieri F, Rippo MR. Pro-Osteogenic and Anti-Inflammatory Synergistic Effect of Orthosilicic Acid, Vitamin K2, Curcumin, Polydatin and Quercetin Combination in Young and Senescent Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108820. [PMID: 37240169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
During aging, bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-the precursors of osteoblasts-undergo cellular senescence, losing their osteogenic potential and acquiring a pro-inflammatory secretory phenotype. These dysfunctions cause bone loss and lead to osteoporosis. Prevention and intervention at an early stage of bone loss are important, and naturally active compounds could represent a valid help in addition to diet. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the combination of two pro-osteogenic factors, namely orthosilicic acid (OA) and vitamin K2 (VK2), and three other anti-inflammatory compounds, namely curcumin (CUR), polydatin (PD) and quercetin (QCT)-that mirror the nutraceutical BlastiMin Complex® (Mivell, Italy)-would be effective in promoting MSC osteogenesis, even of replicative senescent cells (sMSCs), and inhibiting their pro-inflammatory phenotype in vitro. Results showed that when used at non-cytotoxic doses, (i) the association of OA and VK2 promoted MSC differentiation into osteoblasts, even when cultured without other pro-differentiating factors; and (ii) CUR, PD and QCT exerted an anti-inflammatory effect on sMSCs, and also synergized with OA and VK2 in promoting the expression of the pivotal osteogenic marker ALP in these cells. Overall, these data suggest a potential role of using a combination of all of these natural compounds as a supplement to prevent or control the progression of age-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giordani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Matacchione
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelica Giuliani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Debora Valli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Antonelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Jacopo Sabbatinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Gilberta Giacchetti
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Sofia Sabatelli
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale di Ricovero e Cura per Anziani, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Rippo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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15
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Estrogenic flavonoids and their molecular mechanisms of action. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 114:109250. [PMID: 36509337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a major group of phytoestrogens associated with physiological effects, and ecological and social impacts. Although the estrogenic activity of flavonoids was reported by researchers in the fields of medical, environmental and food studies, their molecular mechanisms of action have not been comprehensively reviewed. The estrogenic activity of the respective classes of flavonoids, anthocyanidins/anthocyanins, 2-arylbenzofurans/3-arylcoumarins/α-methyldeoxybenzoins, aurones/chalcones/dihydrochalcones, coumaronochromones, coumestans, flavans/flavan-3-ols/flavan-4-ols, flavanones/dihydroflavonols, flavones/flavonols, homoisoflavonoids, isoflavans, isoflavanones, isoflavenes, isoflavones, neoflavonoids, oligoflavonoids, pterocarpans/pterocarpenes, and rotenone/rotenoids, was summarized through a comprehensive literature search, and their structure-activity relationship, biological activities, signaling pathways, and applications were discussed. Although the respective classes of flavonoids contained at least one chemical mimicking estrogen, the mechanisms varied, such as those with estrogenic, anti-estrogenic, non-estrogenic, and biphasic activities, and additional activities through crosstalk/bypassing, which exert biological activities through cell signaling pathways. Such mechanistic variations of estrogen action are not limited to flavonoids and are observed among other broad categories of chemicals, thus this group of chemicals can be termed as the "estrogenome". This review article focuses on the connection of estrogen action mainly between the outer and the inner environments, which represent variations of chemicals and biological activities/signaling pathways, respectively, and form the basis to understand their applications. The applications of chemicals will markedly progress due to emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence for precision medicine, which is also true of the study of the estrogenome including estrogenic flavonoids.
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Lee S, Park H, Oh JS, Byun K, Kim DY, Yun HS, Kang BJ. Hydroxyapatite microbeads containing BMP-2 and quercetin fabricated via electrostatic spraying to encourage bone regeneration. Biomed Eng Online 2023; 22:15. [PMID: 36803418 PMCID: PMC9938985 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-023-01078-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydroxyapatite (HAp) possesses osteoconductive properties, and its granular form can serve as an effective drug delivery vehicle for bone regeneration. Quercetin (Qct), a plant-derived bioflavonoid, is known to promote bone regeneration; however, its comparative and synergistic effects with the commonly used bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) have not been investigated. METHODS We examined the characteristics of newly formed HAp microbeads using an electrostatic spraying method and analyzed the in vitro release pattern and osteogenic potential of ceramic granules containing Qct, BMP-2, and both. In addition, HAp microbeads were transplanted into a rat critical-sized calvarial defect and the osteogenic capacity was assessed in vivo. RESULTS The manufactured beads had a microscale size of less than 200 μm, a narrow size distribution, and a rough surface. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of osteoblast-like cells cultured with the BMP-2-and-Qct-loaded HAp was significantly higher than that of either Qct- or BMP-2-loaded HAp groups. The mRNA levels of osteogenic marker genes such as ALP and runt-related transcription factor 2 were found to be upregulated in the HAp/BMP-2/Qct group compared to the other groups. In micro-computed tomographic analysis, the amount of newly formed bone and bone surface area within the defect was significantly higher in the HAp/BMP-2/Qct group, followed by the HAp/BMP-2 and HAp/Qct groups, which is consistent with the histomorphometrical results. CONCLUSIONS These results imply that electrostatic spraying can be an efficient strategy to produce homogenous ceramic granules and that the BMP-2-and-Qct-loaded HAp microbeads can serve as effective implants for bone defect healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyun Lee
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Honghyun Park
- grid.410902.e0000 0004 1770 8726Department of Advanced Biomaterials Research, Ceramics Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, 51508 South Korea
| | - Jeong-Seop Oh
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Kyubin Byun
- grid.410902.e0000 0004 1770 8726Department of Advanced Biomaterials Research, Ceramics Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, 51508 South Korea ,grid.412786.e0000 0004 1791 8264Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113 South Korea
| | - Dae-Yong Kim
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Hui-suk Yun
- grid.410902.e0000 0004 1770 8726Department of Advanced Biomaterials Research, Ceramics Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, 51508 South Korea ,grid.412786.e0000 0004 1791 8264Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113 South Korea
| | - Byung-Jae Kang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea. .,BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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17
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Bioactivity, Molecular Mechanism, and Targeted Delivery of Flavonoids for Bone Loss. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040919. [PMID: 36839278 PMCID: PMC9960663 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal disabilities are a prominent burden on the present population with an increasing life span. Advances in osteopathy have provided various medical support for bone-related diseases, including pharmacological and prosthesis interventions. However, therapeutics and post-surgery complications are often reported due to side effects associated with modern-day therapies. Thus, therapies utilizing natural means with fewer toxic or other side effects are the key to acceptable interventions. Flavonoids constitute a class of bioactive compounds found in dietary supplements, and their pharmacological attributes have been well appreciated. Recently, flavonoids' role is gaining renowned interest for its effect on bone remodeling. A wide range of flavonoids has been found to play a pivotal role in the major bone signaling pathways, such as wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), etc. However, the reduced bioavailability and the absorption of flavonoids are the major limitations inhibiting their use against bone-related complications. Recent utilization of nanotechnological approaches and other delivery methods (biomaterial scaffolds, micelles) to target and control release can enhance the absorption and bioavailability of flavonoids. Thus, we have tried to recapitulate the understanding of the role of flavonoids in regulating signaling mechanisms affecting bone remodeling and various delivery methods utilized to enhance their therapeutical potential in treating bone loss.
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18
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Guo Y, Li W, Cao Y, Feng X, Shen C, Gong S, Hou F, Yang Z, Chen X, Song J. Analysis of the potential biological mechanisms of Danyu Gukang Pill against osteonecrosis of the femoral head based on network pharmacology. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:28. [PMID: 36721211 PMCID: PMC9887900 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03843-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is still a challenge for orthopedists worldwide and can lead to disability if patients are not treated effectively. Danyu Gukang Pill (DGP), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation, is recognized to be effective against ONFH. Nevertheless, its molecular mechanisms remain to be clarified. METHODS The active ingredients of DGP were collected from the online databases according to oral bioavailability (OB) and drug-likeness (DL). The potential targets of DGP were retrieved from the TCMSP database, while the potential targets of ONFH were obtained from the GeneCards and NCBI databases. The functions and signaling pathways of the common targets of DGP and ONFH were enriched by GO and KEGG analyses. Subsequently, molecular docking and in vitro cell experiments were performed to further validate our findings. RESULTS In total, 244 active ingredients of DGP and their corresponding 317 targets were obtained, and 40 ONFH-related targets were predicted. Afterwards, 19 common targets of DGP and ONFH were obtained and used as potential targets for the treatment of ONFH. Finally, combined with network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking and in vitro cell experiments, our study first demonstrated that the treatment effect of DGP on ONFH might be closely related to the two targets, HIF1A (HIF-1α) and VEGFA, and the HIF-1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to investigate the molecular mechanisms of DGP in the treatment of ONFH based on network pharmacology. The results showed that DGP might up-regulate the expression of HIF-1α and VEGFA by participating in the HIF-1 signaling pathway, thus playing an anti-ONFH role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou Traditional Chinese Hospital of Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
| | - Wenxi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou Traditional Chinese Hospital of Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
| | - Yuju Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou Traditional Chinese Hospital of Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
| | - Xiaoyan Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou Traditional Chinese Hospital of Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
| | - Caihong Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou Traditional Chinese Hospital of Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
| | - Shunguo Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou Traditional Chinese Hospital of Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
| | - Fengzhi Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou Traditional Chinese Hospital of Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
| | - Zhimin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou Traditional Chinese Hospital of Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
| | - Xifeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou Traditional Chinese Hospital of Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
| | - Jingbo Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou Traditional Chinese Hospital of Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
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19
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Investigation of the effects of quercetin and xenograft on the healing of bone defects: An experimental study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:22-27. [PMCID: PMC9636472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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20
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Leyva-López N, Gutiérrez-Grijalva EP, Heredia JB, Ramos-Payan R, Contreras-Angulo LA, Gonzalez-Galaviz JR, Rodriguez-Anaya LZ. Antioxidant potential, cytokines regulation, and inflammation-related genes expression of phenolic extracts from Mexican oregano. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14440. [PMID: 36169085 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The Mexican population traditionally uses oregano infusions to treat oxidative and inflammation-related disorders. Therefore, this study was focused on the examination of the antioxidant capacity and potential against inflammation from three Mexican oregano species (Lippia graveolens [LG], Lippia palmeri [LP], and Hedeoma patens [HP]). The extracts from LG showed a superior total phenolic content. LG, LP, and HP exhibited a higher capacity to inhibit the radical DPPH (up to 90.33 ± 0.25%) and significantly lowered the release of MCP-1 and IL-6. At the same time, LG and HP increased the secretion of IL-10. Extracts from LG, LP, and HP did not significantly diminish the expression of il-1β or inos, although a slight decrease in inos expression was observed. Our findings support that phenolic extracts from L. graveolens, L. palmeri, and H. patens possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and might be potential therapeutic candidates against oxidative and inflammation-related diseases. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Oregano species have traditionally been exploited as remedies against inflammatory-related diseases, namely headaches, asthma, bowel disorders, and rheumatism. This study explored the antioxidant potential of three Mexican oregano species (Lippia graveolens, Lippia palmeri, and Hedeoma patens) and their anti-inflammatory effects in a murine cell model. Phenolic extracts from oregano showed antioxidant capacity and exerted activity against inflammation by improving anti-inflammatory cytokines secretion or negatively regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. The results of our study demonstrate that the phenolic extracts from these Mexican oregano species have the potential in treating inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayely Leyva-López
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Culiacán, Mexico
| | - Erick P Gutiérrez-Grijalva
- Laboratory of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Culiacán, Mexico
| | - J Basilio Heredia
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Culiacán, Mexico
| | - Rosalio Ramos-Payan
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico
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21
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Kiakojoori K, Najafi F, Torshabi M, Kazemi S, Rabiee SM, Nojehdehian H. Synthesis and characterization of a calcium phosphate bone cement with quercetin-containing PEEK/PLGA microparticles. Biomed Mater 2022; 18. [PMID: 36327455 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac9ffe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the synthesis and characterization of a calcium phosphate cement (CPC) with polyetheretherketone/poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PEEK/PLGA) micro-particles containing quercetin. CPC powder was synthesized by mixing dicalcium phosphate anhydrate and tetracalcium phosphate. To synthesize PEEK/PLGA microparticles, PLGA85:15 was mixed with 90 wt% PEEK. The weight ratio of quercetin/PLGA/PEEK was 1:9:90 wt%. PEEK/PLGA/quercetin microparticles with 3, 5, and 6 wt% was added to CPC. The setting time, compressive strength, drug release profile, solubility, pH, and porosity of synthesized cement were evaluated. The morphology and physicochemical properties of particles was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and inductively coupled plasma. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay using dental pulp stem cells. Expression of osteoblastic differentiation genes was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (alpha = 0.05). The setting time of 3 wt% CPC was significantly longer than 5 and 6 wt% CPC (P< 0.001). The 6 wt% CPC had significantly higher compressive strength than other groups (P= 0.001). The release of quercetin from CPCs increased for 5 d, and then reached a plateau. XRD and FTIR confirmed the presence of hydroxyapatite in cement composition. Significantly higher expression of osteocalcin (OCN) and osteopontin (OPN) was noted in 3 wt% and 6 wt% CPCs. Addition of quercetin-containing PEEK/PLGA microparticles to CPC enhanced its compressive strength, decreased its setting time, enabled controlled drug release, and up-regulated OPN and OCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiana Kiakojoori
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhood Najafi
- Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Torshabi
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sayed Mahmood Rabiee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Hanieh Nojehdehian
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Knewtson KE, Ohl NR, Robinson JL. Estrogen Signaling Dictates Musculoskeletal Stem Cell Behavior: Sex Differences in Tissue Repair. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2022; 28:789-812. [PMID: 34409868 PMCID: PMC9419932 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphisms in humans and other species exist in visually evident features such as body size and less apparent characteristics, including disease prevalence. Current research is adding to a growing understanding of sex differences in stem cell function and response to external stimuli, including sex hormones such as estrogens. These differences are proving significant and directly impact both the understanding of stem cell processes in tissue repair and the clinical implementation of stem cell therapies. Adult stem cells of the musculoskeletal system, including those used for development and repair of muscle, bone, cartilage, fibrocartilage, ligaments, and tendons, are no exception. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have found differences in stem cell number, proliferative and differentiation capabilities, and response to estrogen treatment between males and females of many species. Maintaining the stemness and reducing senescence of adult stem cells is an important topic with implications in regenerative therapy and aging. As such, this review discusses the effect of estrogens on musculoskeletal system stem cell response in multiple species and highlights the research gaps that still need to be addressed. The following evidence from investigations of sex-related phenotypes in adult progenitor and stem cells are pieces to the big puzzle of sex-related effects on aging and disease and critical information for both fundamental tissue repair and regeneration studies and safe and effective clinical use of stem cells. Impact Statement This review summarizes current knowledge of sex differences in and the effects of estrogen treatment on musculoskeletal stem cells in the context of tissue engineering. Specifically, it highlights the impact of sex on musculoskeletal stem cell function and ability to regenerate tissue. Furthermore, it discusses the varying effects of estrogen on stem cell properties, including proliferation and differentiation, important to tissue engineering. This review aims to highlight the potential impact of estrogens and the importance of performing sex comparative studies in the field of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey E. Knewtson
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Nathan R. Ohl
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Robinson
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Address correspondence to: Jennifer L. Robinson, PhD, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 West 15th Street Room 4132, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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23
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He X, Liu W, Liu Y, Zhang K, Sun Y, Lei P, Hu Y. Nano artificial periosteum PLGA/MgO/Quercetin accelerates repair of bone defects through promoting osteogenic − angiogenic coupling effect via Wnt/ β-catenin pathway. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100348. [PMID: 35847378 PMCID: PMC9278078 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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24
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Yan C, Zhang J, An F, Wang J, Shi Y, Yuan L, Lv D, Zhao Y, Wang Y. Research Progress of Ferroptosis Regulatory Network and Bone Remodeling in Osteoporosis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:910675. [PMID: 35844870 PMCID: PMC9280046 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.910675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis was induced the programmed cell death with iron overload Fenton reaction. Currently, ferroptosis has not been studied thoroughly. Existing studies have confirmed that ferroptosis involves the metabolisms of the Fe, lipids, amino acid, each mechanism is mutually independent but interrelated, and they are formed a complex regulatory network. Other evidence supports that ferroptosis is participated osteoporotic bone remodeling, predominantly affecting the interaction between bone formation and bone resorption, explicitly bone resorption exceeded bone formation. Based on previous studies, this review will summarize the regulatory network mechanism of ferroptosis on bone remodeling and reveal the role of ferroptosis in osteoporosis (OP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlu Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fangyu An
- Teaching Experiment Training Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Teaching Experiment Training Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yao Shi
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lingqing Yuan
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Donghui Lv
- Teaching Experiment Training Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanzhen Zhao
- Teaching Experiment Training Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
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25
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Yan CP, Wang XK, Jiang K, Yin C, Xiang C, Wang Y, Pu C, Chen L, Li YL. β-Ecdysterone Enhanced Bone Regeneration Through the BMP-2/SMAD/RUNX2/Osterix Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:883228. [PMID: 35669516 PMCID: PMC9164109 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.883228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone defects are a global public health problem. However, the available methods for inducing bone regeneration are limited. The application of traditional Chinese herbs for bone regeneration has gained popularity in recent years. β-ecdysterone is a plant sterol similar to estrogen, that promotes protein synthesis in cells; however, its function in bone regeneration remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the function of β-ecdysterone on osteoblast differentiation and bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo. MC3T3-E1 cells were used to test the function of β-ecdysterone on osteoblast differentiation and bone regeneration in vitro. The results of the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay suggested that the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was promoted by β-ecdysterone. Furthermore, β-ecdysterone influenced the expression of osteogenesis-related genes, and the bone regeneration capacity of MC3T3-E1 cells was detected by polymerase chain reaction, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) test, and the alizarin red test. β-ecdysterone could upregulate the expression of osteoblastic-related genes, and promoted ALP activity and the formation of calcium nodules. We also determined that β-ecdysterone increased the mRNA and protein levels of components of the BMP-2/Smad/Runx2/Osterix pathway. DNA sequencing further confirmed these target effects. β-ecdysterone promoted bone formation by enhancing gene expression of the BMP-2/Smad/Runx2/Osterix signaling pathway and by enrichment biological processes. For in vivo experiments, a femoral condyle defect model was constructed by drilling a bone defect measuring 3 mm in diameter and 4 mm in depth in the femoral condyle of 8-week-old Sprague Dawley male rats. This model was used to further assess the bone regenerative functions of β-ecdysterone. The results of micro-computed tomography showed that β-ecdysterone could accelerate bone regeneration, exhibiting higher bone volume, bone surface, and bone mineral density at each observation time point. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that the β-ecdysterone also increased the expression of collagen, osteocalcin, and bone morphogenetic protein-2 in the experiment group at 4 and 8 weeks. In conclusion, β-ecdysterone is a new bone regeneration regulator that can stimulate MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation and induce bone regeneration through the BMP-2/Smad/Runx2/Osterix pathway. This newly discovered function of β-ecdysterone has revealed a new direction of osteogenic differentiation and has provided novel therapeutic strategies for treating bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Ping Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xing-Kuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Chong Yin
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Chaoyu Pu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yu-Ling Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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26
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Patel K, Mangu SR, Sukhdeo SV, Sharan K. Ethanolic extract from the root and leaf of Sida cordifolia promotes osteoblast activity and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:154024. [PMID: 35263671 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sida cordifolia is traditionally found in the Indian system of medicine, well known for its medicinal and nutritional properties among local natives. PURPOSE The present study aims to investigate the osteo-protective effect of root and leaf ethanolic extract of S. cordifolia (RE and LE) and its underlying mechanism. METHODS Antioxidant activity of RE and LE was assessed. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were determined. HPLC profiling of RE and LE was performed to examine the polyphenol content. The effect of RE and LE on osteoblast cells proliferation, differentiation, mineralization, and expression of the protein associated with osteogenesis were evaluated using primary calvarial osteoblast culture. Skeletal effects of RE and LE of S. cordifolia were investigated in C57BL/6J ovariectomized mice. Micro CT was employed to evaluate the alteration in trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture. Histology studies were performed on the isolated vertebra. qPCR analysis and western blotting was done to check the key bone markers. RESULTS RE and LE showed a potent antioxidant activity, owing to a notable polyphenol content. Both RE and LE did not alter the cell viability but significantly increased the osteoblast cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization. Moreover, they enhanced the mRNA expression of osteogenic genes. Both RE and LE stimulated the activation of ERK, AKT, and CREB. Both RE and LE had no direct effect on osteoclastogenesis, but both increased Opg/Rankl ratio expression in osteoblast cells. Both RE and LE at 750 mg/kg/day significantly improved the trabecular and cortical microarchitecture of femur and tibia by increasing bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, trabecular number, and trabecular thickness, and decreasing trabecular separation and structural model index in ovariectomized mice. Furthermore, vertebral histology of lumbar vertebrae revealed that RE and LE significantly enhance the vertebral bone mass and exert osteo-protective effects by stimulating osteoblast function and inhibiting osteoclast function. CONCLUSION In conclusion, both RE and LE stimulate osteoblast differentiation through activating ERK, AKT, and CREB signalling pathways and indirectly inhibits osteoclast differentiation. RE and LE also improve the trabecular and cortical microarchitecture of ovariectomized mice, making it a promising agent to prevent postmenopausal bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Patel
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Svvs Ravi Mangu
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shinde Vijay Sukhdeo
- Department of Meat and Marine Sciences, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
| | - Kunal Sharan
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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27
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Zhang J, Liu Z, Luo Y, Li X, Huang G, Chen H, Li A, Qin S. The Role of Flavonoids in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:849513. [PMID: 35462886 PMCID: PMC9019748 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.849513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in developing bone tissue engineered constructs due to their osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential. MSC-based tissue engineered constructs are generally considered a safe procedure, however, the long-term results obtained up to now are far from satisfactory. The main causes of these therapeutic limitations are inefficient homing, engraftment, and directional differentiation. Flavonoids are a secondary metabolite, widely existed in nature and have many biological activities. For a long time, researchers have confirmed the anti-osteoporosis effect of flavonoids through in vitro cell experiments, animal studies. In recent years the regulatory effects of flavonoids on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiation have been received increasingly attention. Recent studies revealed flavonoids possess the ability to modulate self-renewal and differentiation potential of MSCs. In order to facilitate further research on MSCs osteogenic differentiation of flavonoids, we surveyed the literature published on the use of flavonoids in osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, and summarized their pharmacological activities as well as the underlying mechanisms, aimed to explore their promising therapeutic application in bone disorders and bone tissue engineered constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihe Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Luo
- School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guowei Huang
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiguo Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengnan Qin
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Lezcano V, Morelli S, González-Pardo V. Molecular and cellular outcomes of quercetin actions on healthy and tumor osteoblasts. Biochimie 2022; 199:46-59. [PMID: 35447220 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
There is a global trend in the use of natural bioactive compounds to complement conventional therapies in bone diseases. In this work, we studied the effects of the phytoestrogen quercetin (QUE) in healthy and tumor osteoblasts. We found that QUE (1 μM, 48 h) significantly increased the cell number and the viability of healthy human osteoblasts (hFOB cells) determined by a trypan blue and a MTS assay, respectively, among other concentrations tested. In addition, wound healing and cellular adhesion assays also demonstrated that 1 μM of QUE significantly stimulated both parameters in osteoblasts. Moreover, osteoblast differentiation was also triggered by QUE in an osteogenic medium by measuring alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, and collagen levels. Herein, a concentration of 0.01 μM of QUE showed an increment in these differentiation markers and an activation of AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway, determined by a Western blot analysis. In addition, immunocytochemistry and subcellular fraction studies indicated an increase of β-catenin localization in the plasma membrane after QUE treatment. Otherwise, QUE (20-100 μM) decreased the cell number and the viability in tumor osteoblasts (ROS 17/2.8 cells) after 48 h. Furthermore, QUE (100 μM) decreased AKT(Ser473) and the pro-apoptotic protein BAD(Ser136) phosphorylation. In addition, the ERK1/2 phosphorylation increased leading to osteosarcoma cell death since pre-treatment with the MEK inhibitor PD98059 had reverted QUE effect. Altogether, these results indicate that to stimulate the osteoblastogenesis low concentrations of QUE are required; however, these concentrations are not effective in inhibiting the growth of tumor osteoblasts, for which higher concentrations are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Lezcano
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), 8000, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR), Argentina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 8000, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Susana Morelli
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), 8000, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR), Argentina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 8000, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica González-Pardo
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), 8000, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR), Argentina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 8000, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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29
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He X, Liao Y, Liu J, Sun S. Research Progress of Natural Small-Molecule Compounds Related to Tumor Differentiation. Molecules 2022; 27:2128. [PMID: 35408534 PMCID: PMC9000768 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor differentiation is a therapeutic strategy aimed at reactivating the endogenous differentiation program of cancer cells and inducing cancer cells to mature and differentiate into other types of cells. It has been found that a variety of natural small-molecule drugs can induce tumor cell differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. Relevant molecules involved in the differentiation process may be potential therapeutic targets for tumor cells. Compared with synthetic drugs, natural small-molecule antitumor compounds have the characteristics of wide sources, structural diversity and low toxicity. In addition, natural drugs with structural modification and transformation have relatively concentrated targets and enhanced efficacy. Therefore, using natural small-molecule compounds to induce malignant cell differentiation represents a more targeted and potential low-toxicity means of tumor treatment. In this review, we focus on natural small-molecule compounds that induce differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells, osteoblasts and other malignant cells into functional cells by regulating signaling pathways and the expression of specific genes. We provide a reference for the subsequent development of natural small molecules for antitumor applications and promote the development of differentiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli He
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (X.H.); (Y.L.)
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Yongkang Liao
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (X.H.); (Y.L.)
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (X.H.); (Y.L.)
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Shuming Sun
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (X.H.); (Y.L.)
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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Enhanced bone formation in rat critical-size tibia defect by a novel quercetin-containing alpha-calcium sulphate hemihydrate/nano-hydroxyapatite composite. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112570. [PMID: 34959114 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed an innovative method to include quercetin into alpha-calcium sulphate hemihydrate/nano-hydroxyapatite (α-CSH/n-HA), to prepare a novel quercetin-containing α-CSH/n-HA composite (Q-α-CSH/n-HA). The physicochemical properties, and ability of Q-α-CSH/n-HA to promote cell proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro were examined. Further, the potential of Q-α-CSH/n-HA to promote bone defect repair was studied using a Sprague-Dawley rat model of critical tibial defects. Imaging was conducted by radiography and micro-CT, and bone defect repairs were observed by histopathological staining. Addition of quercetin clearly increased the porosity of the degraded composite, which elevated the cell proliferation rate, migration ability, osteogenesis differentiation, and mineralisation of BMSCs. Further, quercetin-containing composite increased the expression levels of OSX, RUNX2, OCN, ALP, BMP-2, OPN, BSP, SMAD2, and TGF-β in BMSCs, while it downregulated TNF-α. X-ray and micro-CT imaging showed that the quercetin-containing composite significantly enhanced bone defect repair and new bone in formation. Haematoxylin and eosin, Goldner, and Safranin O staining also showed that quercetin significantly increased new bone generation and promoted composite degradation and absorption. Moreover, immunofluorescence assay revealed that quercetin significantly increased the number of RUNX2/OSX/OCN-positive cells. Overall, our data demonstrate that Q-α-CSH/n-HA has excellent biocompatibility, bone conductivity, and osteo-induction performance in vitro and mediates enhanced overall repair effects and bone reconstruction in vivo, indicating that it is a promising artificial bone graft to promote bone regeneration.
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Bourne LE, Patel JJ, Davies BK, Neven E, Verhulst A, D'Haese PC, Wheeler-Jones CPD, Orriss IR. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) differentially affects arterial medial calcification and bone formation: The role of l-cysteine and hydrogen sulphide. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1070-1086. [PMID: 34658034 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Arterial medial calcification (AMC) is the deposition of calcium phosphate in the arteries. AMC is widely thought to share similarities with physiological bone formation; however, emerging evidence suggests several key differences between these processes. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) displays antioxidant properties and can generate hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) and glutathione (GSH) from its deacetylation to l-cysteine. This study found that NAC exerts divergent effects in vitro, increasing osteoblast differentiation and bone formation by up to 5.5-fold but reducing vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification and cell death by up to 80%. In vivo, NAC reduced AMC in a site-specific manner by 25% but had no effect on the bone. The actions of l-cysteine and H2 S mimicked those of NAC; however, the effects of H2 S were much less efficacious than NAC and l-cysteine. Pharmacological inhibition of H2 S-generating enzymes did not alter the actions of NAC or l-cysteine; endogenous production of H2 S was also unaffected. In contrast, NAC and l-cysteine increased GSH levels in calcifying VSMCs and osteoblasts by up to 3-fold. This suggests that the beneficial actions of NAC are likely to be mediated via the breakdown of l-cysteine and the subsequent GSH generation. Together, these data show that while the molecular mechanisms driving the actions of NAC appear similar, the downstream effects on cell function differ significantly between osteoblasts and calcifying VSMCs. The ability of NAC to exert these differential actions further supports the notion that there are differences between the development of pathological AMC and physiological bone formation. NAC could represent a therapeutic option for treating AMC without exerting negative effects on bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie E Bourne
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Jessal J Patel
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Bethan K Davies
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Ellen Neven
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anja Verhulst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Patrick C D'Haese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Isabel R Orriss
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
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Díaz-Martín RD, Carvajal-Peraza A, Yáñez-Rivera B, Betancourt-Lozano M. Short exposure to glyphosate induces locomotor, craniofacial, and bone disorders in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 87:103700. [PMID: 34237469 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] is the active ingredient in widely used broad-spectrum herbicides. Even though the toxicity mechanism of this herbicide in vertebrates is poorly understood, evidence suggests that glyphosate is an endocrine disruptor capable of producing morphological anomalies as well as cardiotoxic and neurotoxic effects. We used the zebrafish model to assess the effects of early life glyphosate exposure on the development of cartilage and bone tissues and organismal responses. We found functional alterations, including a reduction in the cardiac rate, significant changes in the spontaneous tail movement pattern, and defects in craniofacial development. These effects were concomitant with alterations in the level of the estrogen receptor alpha osteopontin and bone sialoprotein. We also found that embryos exposed to glyphosate presented spine deformities as adults. These developmental alterations are likely induced by changes in protein levels related to bone and cartilage formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén D Díaz-Martín
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A. C. Avenida Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Mazatlán, Sinaloa 82100, Mexico
| | - Ana Carvajal-Peraza
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A. C. Avenida Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Mazatlán, Sinaloa 82100, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Yáñez-Rivera
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A. C. Avenida Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Mazatlán, Sinaloa 82100, Mexico; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Ciudad de México, 03940, Mexico
| | - Miguel Betancourt-Lozano
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A. C. Avenida Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Mazatlán, Sinaloa 82100, Mexico.
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Bian W, Xiao S, Yang L, Chen J, Deng S. Quercetin promotes bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation through the H19/miR-625-5p axis to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:243. [PMID: 34592982 PMCID: PMC8485455 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Quercetin and H19 can promote osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). However, whether quercetin regulates H19 expression to promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs is unclear. Methods BMSC proliferation, matrix mineralization, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8, ALP assay kit, and alizarin red staining kit, respectively. Expression of H19, miR-625-5p, BMP-2, osteocalcin, and RUNX2 were measured by qRT-PCR; β-catenin protein level was measured by western blotting. Results Quercetin promoted BMSC proliferation, enhanced ALP activity, and upregulated the expression of BMP-2, osteocalcin, and RUNX2 mRNAs, suggesting that it promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Moreover, quercetin increased H19 expression, while the effect of quercetin on BMSCs was reversed by silencing H19 expression. Additionally, miR-625-5p, interacted with H19, was downregulated during quercetin-induced BMSC osteogenic differentiation, which negatively correlated with H19 expression. Silencing miR-625-5p expression promoted BMSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, whereas miR-625-5p overexpression weakened the effect of quercetin on BMSCs. Finally, quercetin treatment or downregulation of miR-625-5p expression increased β-catenin protein level in BMSCs. Upregulation or downregulation of miR-625-5p or H19 expression, respectively, inhibited β-catenin protein level in quercetin treated-BMSCs. Conclusion H19 promotes, while miR-625-5p inhibits BMSC osteogenic differentiation. Quercetin activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and promotes BMSC osteogenic differentiation via the H19/miR-625-5p axis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03418-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Bian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), No. 1017, Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Shunqiang Xiao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), No. 1017, Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Geriatrics in Luohu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Shenzhen Hospital of Shanghai University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), No. 1017, Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Shifang Deng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), No. 1017, Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
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Rodríguez V, Rivoira M, Picotto G, de Barboza GD, Collin A, de Talamoni NT. Analysis of the molecular mechanisms by flavonoids with potential use for osteoporosis prevention or therapy. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2913-2936. [PMID: 34547992 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210921143644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is the most common skeletal disorder worldwide. Flavonoids have the potential to alleviate bone alterations in osteoporotic patients with the advantage of being safer and less expensive than the conventional therapies. OBJECTIVE The main objective is to analyze the molecular mechanisms triggered in bone by different subclasses of flavonoids. In addition, this review provides an up-to-date overview on the cellular and molecular aspects of osteoporotic bones versus healthy bones, and a brief description of some epidemiological studies indicating that flavonoids could be useful for osteoporosis treatment. METHODS The PubMed database was searched in the range of years 2001- 2021 using the keywords osteoporosis, flavonoids, and their subclasses such as flavones, flavonols, flavanols, isoflavones, flavanones and anthocyanins, focusing the data on the molecular mechanisms triggered in bone. RESULTS Although flavonoids comprise many compounds that differ in structure, their effects on bone loss in postmenopausal women or in ovariectomized-induced osteoporotic animals are quite similar. Most of them increase bone mineral density and bone strength, which occur through enhancement of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclast apoptosis, decrease in osteoclastogenesis as well as increase in neovascularization on the site of the osteoporotic fracture. CONCLUSION Several molecules of signaling pathways are involved in the effect of flavonoids on osteoporotic bone. Whether all flavonoids have a common mechanism or they act as ligands of estrogen receptors remain to be established. More clinical trials are necessary to know better their safety, efficacy, delivery and bioavailability in humans, as well as comparative studies with conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Rodríguez
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - María Rivoira
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Gabriela Picotto
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Gabriela Díaz de Barboza
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Alejandro Collin
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Nori Tolosa de Talamoni
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
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Marvi MS, Nourmohammadi J, Ataie M, Negahdari B, Naderi M. Surface modification of titanium implants via electrospinning of sericin and Equisetum arvense enhances the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1933979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Sadat Marvi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jhamak Nourmohammadi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Ataie
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Negahdari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Naderi
- Cell‐Based Therapies Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lorthongpanich C, Charoenwongpaiboon T, Supakun P, Klaewkla M, Kheolamai P, Issaragrisil S. Fisetin Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells via the Inhibition of YAP. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060879. [PMID: 34070903 PMCID: PMC8226865 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewal and capable of differentiating to various functional cell types, including osteocytes, adipocytes, myoblasts, and chondrocytes. They are, therefore, regarded as a potential source for stem cell therapy. Fisetin is a bioactive flavonoid known as an active antioxidant molecule that has been reported to inhibit cell growth in various cell types. Fisetin was shown to play a role in regulating osteogenic differentiation in animal-derived MSCs; however, its molecular mechanism is not well understood. We, therefore, studied the effect of fisetin on the biological properties of human MSCs derived from chorion tissue and its role in human osteogenesis using MSCs and osteoblast-like cells (SaOs-2) as a model. We found that fisetin inhibited proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs as well as human SaOs-2 cells. Fisetin could reduce Yes-associated protein (YAP) activity, which results in downregulation of osteogenic genes and upregulation of fibroblast genes. Further analysis using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations suggests that fisetin occupied the hydrophobic TEAD pocket preventing YAP from associating with TEA domain (TEAD). This finding supports the potential application of flavonoids like fisetin as a protein–protein interaction disruptor and also suggesting an implication of fisetin in regulating human osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchao Lorthongpanich
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.S.); (S.I.)
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Prapasri Supakun
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Methus Klaewkla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Pakpoom Kheolamai
- Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 10120, Thailand;
| | - Surapol Issaragrisil
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.S.); (S.I.)
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Viability of Quercetin-Induced Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Forming Living Cellular Constructs for Soft Tissue Augmentation. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11050430. [PMID: 34070084 PMCID: PMC8158115 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11050430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autogenous gingival grafts used for root coverage or gingival augmentation procedures often result in donor site morbidity. Living cellular constructs as an exogenous alternative have been proven to be associated with lower morbidity. With the available background information, the present study aims to assess if quercetin-induced living cell constructs, derived from dental pulp stem cells, have the potential to be applied as a tool for soft tissue augmentation. The characterized dental pulp stem cells (positive for CD73, CD90, and negative for CD34, HLA-DR) were expanded in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10 mM quercetin. The handling properties of the quercetin-induced dental pulp stem cell constructs were assessed by visual, and tactile sensation. A microscopic characterization using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and qRT-PCR-based analysis for stemness-associated genes (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, and cMyc) was also performed. Dental pulp stem cells without quercetin administration were used as the control. Dental pulp stem cell constructs induced by quercetin easily detached from the surface of the plate, whereas there was no formation in the control cells. It was also simple to transfer the induced cellular construct on the flattened surface. Microscopic characterization of the constructs showed cells embedded in a tissue matrix. Quercetin also increased the expression of stemness-related genes. The use of quercetin-induced DPSC living constructs for soft tissue augmentation could provide an alternative to autogenous soft tissue grafts to lower patient morbidity and improve esthetic outcomes.
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Wang J, Gao Z, Gao P. MiR-133b Modulates the Osteoblast Differentiation to Prevent Osteoporosis Via Targeting GNB4. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:1146-1157. [PMID: 33687637 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
MiR-133b is considered to be lowly expressed in osteoporosis patients. This study aimed to probe the role and in-depth mechanism of miR-133b in modulating osteoblast biological behavior and differentiation. The differential expressions of miR-133b and GNB4 in patients with osteoporosis and healthy control were analyzed based on the GEO database. Osteoblastic differentiation of hFOB 1.19 cells was induced in the culture medium containing 10 mM β-glycerophosphate, 50 nm dexamethasone, and 100 μg/ml ascorbic acid. The level of GNB4 was detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Western blot was also utilized to measure the levels of osteoblast-related proteins, including ALP, Runx2, Osterix, and OPN. GNB4 was identified and confirmed as a downstream target gene of miR-133b. The expression of miR-133b was declined while the expression of GNB4 was increased in osteoporosis patients. Importantly, up-regulation of miR-133b caused the increase of cell viability and the decrease of apoptosis, which could be blocked by overexpression of GNB4. Also, up-regulation of miR-133b promoted osteoblasts differentiation, as shown by the increase in the expression of ALP, Runx2, Osterix, and OPN. Similarly, this promoting impact resulted from miR-133b overexpression can be reversed via up-regulation of GNB4. These findings revealed that miR-133b can promote the viability and differentiation of osteoblasts by targeting GNB4, hoping to lay a feasible theoretical foundation for the clinical treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Weifang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No. 1055 Weizhou Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaoqing Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Weifang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No. 1055 Weizhou Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Weifang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No. 1055 Weizhou Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Zhang W, Jia L, Zhao B, Xiong Y, Wang YN, Liang J, Xu X. Quercetin reverses TNF‑α induced osteogenic damage to human periodontal ligament stem cells by suppressing the NF‑κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:39. [PMID: 33537804 PMCID: PMC7891819 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (Quer) is a typical antioxidant flavonoid from plants that is involved in bone metabolism, as well as in the progression of inflammatory diseases. Elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a typical pro-inflammatory cytokine, can affect osteogenesis. In the present study, TNF-α was used to establish an in vitro model of periodontitis. The effects of Quer on, as well as its potential role in the osteogenic response of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) under TNF-α-induced inflammatory conditions and the underlying mechanisms were then investigated. Within the appropriate concentration range, Quer did not exhibit any cytotoxicity. More importantly, Quer significantly attenuated the TNF-α induced the suppression of osteogenesis-related genes and proteins, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralized matrix in the hPDLSCs. These findings were associated with the fact that Quer inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, as well as the expression of NLRP3 inflammation-associated proteins in the inflammatory microenvironment. Moreover, the silencing of NLRP3 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) was found to protect the hPDLSCs against TNF-α-induced osteogenic damage, which was in accordance with the effects of Quer. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that Quer reduces the impaired osteogenesis of hPDLSCs under TNF-α-induced inflammatory conditions by inhibiting the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Thus, Quer may prove to be a potential remedy against periodontal bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Linglu Jia
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yixuan Xiong
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jin Liang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Lin YT, Peng SW, Imtiyaz Z, Ho CW, Chiou WF, Lee MH. In vivo and in vitro evaluation of the osteogenic potential of Davallia mariesii T. Moore ex Baker. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 264:113126. [PMID: 32763416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a major bone health issue worldwide. There is an unmet medical need for osteoporosis treatments, a disease which disproportionately impacts women. Exploring botanicals to prevent or treat osteoporosis is currently an interest of investigations. Rhizomes of Davallia mariesii T. Moore ex Baker (Davalliacea) are used an indigenous herbal medicine in Asia for injuries due to fractures, contusions, and strains. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study, we investigated the osteogenic effect of the water extract of rhizomes of D. mariesii (DMH) on bone loss induced by an ovariectomy (OVX) in mice and also its impact on osteogenesis in primary human osteoblasts (HObs). Additionally, we performed a quantitative analysis of compounds in the DMH extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS OVX C57BL/6J mice were orally administrated DMH extract for 12 weeks, and microarchitecture parameters were examined by microcomputed tomography. DMH extract was fractionated in a bio-guided manner, and fractions were isolated to obtain active compounds using HObs. Cell viability was evaluated by an MTT assay. Characteristics of early and late osteogenesis were analyzed by alkaline phosphatase activity and a mineralization assay. Molecular mechanisms were explored by a real-time quantitative PCR. Compounds in the DMH extract were identified and quantified using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS DMH improved bone mineral densities of vertebrae and the femur. Through microarchitectural observations, DMH significantly decreased the bone surface/volume ratio and trabecular separation, and also increased the connectivity density in the OVX group. Additionally, DMH inhibited osteoclast differentiation in receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand-induced osteoclasts and increased bone formation in HObs. After bio-guided fractionation and isolation, we found that eriodictyol-7-O-β-d-glucuronide (2) significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity, and 5-O-β-d-(6-O-vanilloylglucopyranosyl)gentisic acid (3) substantially enhanced mineral deposition. In HObs, compound 3 was more potent in upregulating expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-2, bone sialoprotein, osteopontin, osterix, and estrogen receptor-α. The amount of bioactive compound 3 in DMH was 5.68 ± 0.64 mg/g of dry weight according to LC-MS/MS. CONCLUSION For the first time we report that D. mariesii and its isolated compounds demonstrated potent osteogenic activities. Quantitative results of D. mariesii could be a reference for phytochemical analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tzu Lin
- Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Wen Peng
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Zuha Imtiyaz
- Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Wen Ho
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Tatung University, 40 Zhongshan North Road, Section 3, Taipei, 10452, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Fei Chiou
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Linong Street, Section 2, Beitou, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Hsien Lee
- Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Center for Reproductive Medicine & Sciences, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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Angellotti G, Murgia D, Campisi G, De Caro V. Quercetin-Based Nanocomposites as a Tool to Improve Dental Disease Management. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E504. [PMID: 33207706 PMCID: PMC7697753 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The restoration and prosthetic rehabilitation of missing teeth are commonly performed using dental implants, which are extremely effective and long-lasting techniques due to their osteointegration ability with the preimplant tissues. Quercetin is a phytoestrogen-like flavonoid well known for its several positive effects on human health, mostly linked to the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, many studies in dentistry and the maxillofacial fields have highlighted the positive effects of quercetin on osteogenesis, acting on osteoblast activity and angiogenetic process, and promoting soft and hard tissue regeneration. This review focuses on the role of quercetin on the healing and restoration of bony defects, considering the experimental findings of its application both in vitro and in vivo as a mere compound or in association with scaffolds and dental implants having functionalized surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Angellotti
- Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Stomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (D.M.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Denise Murgia
- Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Stomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (D.M.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Campisi
- Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Stomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (D.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Viviana De Caro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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Quercetin as an Agent for Protecting the Bone: A Review of the Current Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176448. [PMID: 32899435 PMCID: PMC7503351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid abundantly found in fruits and vegetables. It possesses a wide spectrum of biological activities, thus suggesting a role in disease prevention and health promotion. The present review aimed to uncover the bone-sparing effects of quercetin and its mechanism of action. Animal studies have found that the action of quercetin on bone is largely protective, with a small number of studies reporting negative outcomes. Quercetin was shown to inhibit RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis, osteoblast apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory response while promoting osteogenesis, angiogenesis, antioxidant expression, adipocyte apoptosis and osteoclast apoptosis. The possible underlying mechanisms involved are regulation of Wnt, NF-κB, Nrf2, SMAD-dependent, and intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. On the other hand, quercetin was shown to exert complex and competing actions on the MAPK signalling pathway to orchestrate bone metabolism, resulting in both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on bone in parallel. The overall interaction is believed to result in a positive effect on bone. Considering the important contributions of quercetin in regulating bone homeostasis, it may be considered an economical and promising agent for improving bone health. The documented preclinical findings await further validation from human clinical trials.
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Becer E, Soykut G, Kabadayi H, Mammadov E, ÇaliŞ İ, Vatansever S. Obtaining Stem Cell Spheroids from Foreskin Tissue and the Effect of Corchorus olitorius L. on Spheroid Proliferation. Turk J Pharm Sci 2020; 17:265-270. [PMID: 32636703 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2019.05658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Mesenchymal stem cells are self-renewing stem cells. The human foreskin has potential to be used as a source of stem cells. The aim of the study was to obtain spheroid formation of human foreskin cells (hnFSSCs) isolated from newborn human foreskin tissue. In addition, the apoptotic and proliferative effects of a traditional plant, Corchorus olitorius L. (C. olitorius), on hnFSSC spheroids were investigated. Materials and Methods After a routine circumcision procedure the cells were isolated and cultured in suitable medium. The plant leaves was extracted with ethanol and their composition was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The foreskin stem cells were characterized immunocytochemically by CD45, CD34, and CD90 antibodies. hnFSSC spheroids were formed using the hanging drop technique. Immunofluorescence staining was used on the obtained spheroids to determine the distribution of caspase-3 and Ki-67 after being treated with C. olitorius extract for 48 h. Results Immunostaining analysis showed that hnFSSCs were positive for CD45 and CD34 and negative for CD90. According to LC-MS/MS C. olitorius was rich in flavanols and hydrocinnamic acid derivatives. Although the spheroids obtained were loose and floating, the cells interacted with each other. Caspase-3 activity was higher in the control group than in the extract-treated group and Ki-67 was higher in the extract-treated group than in the control group, suggesting that the plant might have the capacity to increase stem cell proliferation due to its rich polyphenolic content. Conclusion The results suggest that hnFSSCs and spheroids might be used in stem cell generation, tissue repair and renewal as human foreskin tissue has potential to be used as a stem cell source. C. olitorius also increased proliferation of hnFSSCs, showing that polyphenols might increase proliferation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Becer
- Near East University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| | - Günsu Soykut
- Near East University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| | - Hilal Kabadayi
- Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Emil Mammadov
- Near East University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| | - İhsan ÇaliŞ
- Near East University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| | - Seda Vatansever
- Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Manisa, Turkey
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Salazar C, Yañez O, Elorza AA, Cortes N, García-Beltrán O, Tiznado W, Ruiz LM. Biosystem Analysis of the Hypoxia Inducible Domain Family Member 2A: Implications in Cancer Biology. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11020206. [PMID: 32085461 PMCID: PMC7074167 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of HIGD2A is dependent on oxygen levels, glucose concentration, and cell cycle progression. This gene encodes for protein HIG2A, found in mitochondria and the nucleus, promoting cell survival in hypoxic conditions. The genomic location of HIGD2A is in chromosome 5q35.2, where several chromosomal abnormalities are related to numerous cancers. The analysis of high definition expression profiles of HIGD2A suggests a role for HIG2A in cancer biology. Accordingly, the research objective was to perform a molecular biosystem analysis of HIGD2A aiming to discover HIG2A implications in cancer biology. For this purpose, public databases such as SWISS-MODEL protein structure homology-modelling server, Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), MethHC: a database of DNA methylation and gene expression in human cancer, and microRNA-target interactions database (miRTarBase) were accessed. We also evaluated, by using Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), the expression of Higd2a gene in healthy bone marrow-liver-spleen tissues of mice after quercetin (50 mg/kg) treatment. Thus, among the structural features of HIG2A protein that may participate in HIG2A translocation to the nucleus are an importin α-dependent nuclear localization signal (NLS), a motif of DNA binding residues and a probable SUMOylating residue. HIGD2A gene is not implicated in cancer via mutation. In addition, DNA methylation and mRNA expression of HIGD2A gene present significant alterations in several cancers; HIGD2A gene showed significant higher expression in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). Hypoxic tissues characterize the “bone marrow-liver-spleen” DLBCL type. The relative quantification, by using qRT-PCR, showed that Higd2a expression is higher in bone marrow than in the liver or spleen. In addition, it was observed that quercetin modulated the expression of Higd2a gene in mice. As an assembly factor of mitochondrial respirasomes, HIG2A might be unexpectedly involved in the change of cellular energetics happening in cancer. As a result, it is worth continuing to explore the role of HIGD2A in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Salazar
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile;
| | - Osvaldo Yañez
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370251, Chile; (O.Y.); (W.T.)
| | - Alvaro A. Elorza
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile;
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Natalie Cortes
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 calle 67, Ibagué 730002, Colombia; (N.C.); (O.G.-B.)
| | - Olimpo García-Beltrán
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 calle 67, Ibagué 730002, Colombia; (N.C.); (O.G.-B.)
| | - William Tiznado
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370251, Chile; (O.Y.); (W.T.)
| | - Lina María Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-2-2303-6662
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Estrogenic biological activity and underlying molecular mechanisms of green tea constituents. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Xing F, Li L, Zhou C, Long C, Wu L, Lei H, Kong Q, Fan Y, Xiang Z, Zhang X. Regulation and Directing Stem Cell Fate by Tissue Engineering Functional Microenvironments: Scaffold Physical and Chemical Cues. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:2180925. [PMID: 31949436 PMCID: PMC6948329 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2180925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that stem cells reside within tissue engineering functional microenvironments that physically localize them and direct their stem cell fate. Recent efforts in the development of more complex and engineered scaffold technologies, together with new understanding of stem cell behavior in vitro, have provided a new impetus to study regulation and directing stem cell fate. A variety of tissue engineering technologies have been developed to regulate the fate of stem cells. Traditional methods to change the fate of stem cells are adding growth factors or some signaling pathways. In recent years, many studies have revealed that the geometrical microenvironment played an essential role in regulating the fate of stem cells, and the physical factors of scaffolds including mechanical properties, pore sizes, porosity, surface stiffness, three-dimensional structures, and mechanical stimulation may affect the fate of stem cells. Chemical factors such as cell-adhesive ligands and exogenous growth factors would also regulate the fate of stem cells. Understanding how these physical and chemical cues affect the fate of stem cells is essential for building more complex and controlled scaffolds for directing stem cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xing
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Lang Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Changchun Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cheng Long
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Lina Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haoyuan Lei
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingquan Kong
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Yujiang Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhou Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Chen Y, Cao J, Zhang N, Yang B, He Q, Shao X, Ying M. Advances in differentiation therapy for osteosarcoma. Drug Discov Today 2019; 25:497-504. [PMID: 31499188 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation therapy involves the use of agents that can induce differentiation in cancer cells, with the irreversible loss of tumour phenotype. The application of differentiation therapy in osteosarcoma has made progress because of a better understanding of the potential links between differentiation defects and tumorigenesis. Here, we review recent studies on differentiation therapy for osteosarcoma, describing a variety of differentiation inducers. By highlighting these examples of drug-induced osteosarcoma cell differentiation, we can acquire unique insights into not only osteosarcoma treatment, but also novel approaches to transform differentiating drugs into more effective therapies for other solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqian Chen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji Cao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuejing Shao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Meidan Ying
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Regulation of Hedgehog signaling Offers A Novel Perspective for Bone Homeostasis Disorder Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163981. [PMID: 31426273 PMCID: PMC6719140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway is central to the regulation of bone development and homeostasis. HH signaling is not only involved in osteoblast differentiation from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), but also acts upstream within osteoblasts via the OPG/RANK/RANKL axis to control the expression of RANKL. HH signaling has been found to up-regulate parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) expression in osteoblasts, which in turn activates its downstream targets nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB), and as a result CREB and NFAT cooperatively increase RANKL expression and osteoclastogenesis. Osteoblasts must remain in balance with osteoclasts in order to avoid excessive bone formation or resorption, thereby maintaining bone homeostasis. This review systemically summarizes the mechanisms whereby HH signaling induces osteoblast development and controls RANKL expression through PTHrP in osteoblasts. Proper targeting of HH signaling may offer a therapeutic option for treating bone homeostasis disorders.
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Wang Z, Bao HW. Cnidium lactone stimulates osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via BMP-2/smad-signaling cascades mediated by estrogen receptor. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:4984-4991. [PMID: 31497215 PMCID: PMC6731439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Our aim was to study the osteogenic effect of cnidium lactone for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and its potential mechanism. BMSCs were isolated and identified by flow cytometry and multidirectional differentiation capacity. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to identify the optimal concentration of cnidium lactone. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red S (ARS) was performed to identify whether cnidium lactone has effect on osteogenesis at early and late phase respectively. Moreover, we used estrogen receptor antagonist, ICI182780, to identify the receptor of cnidium lactone. The expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), Osterix (OSX), osteopontin (OPN), estrogen receptor (ER), Smad4, p-Smad1, Smad1 and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) protein were measured by PCR and western blot. Cnidium lactone (2 μM) demonstrated increased osteogenesis after osteogenic inducible medium (OIM) induction, as evidenced by more ALP activity and mineralization. When blocked with ICI182780, osteogenesis capacity was decreased. Moreover, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting results indicated that cnidium lactone enhanced ER, BMP2, Smad1, Smad4, RUNX2, OSX, and OPN expression and Smad1 phosphorylation. Cnidium lactone can effectively stimulates osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via BMP-2/Smad-Signaling cascades mediated by ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingjiang People's Hospital No. 28, Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, Taizhou 214500, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong-Wei Bao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingjiang People's Hospital No. 28, Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, Taizhou 214500, Jiangsu Province, China
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Boruczkowski D, Pujal JM, Zdolińska-Malinowska I. Autologous cord blood in children with cerebral palsy: a review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2433. [PMID: 31100943 PMCID: PMC6566649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this narrative review is to report on the current knowledge regarding the clinical use of umbilical cord blood (CB) based on articles from PubMed and clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that CB may be used for both early diagnostics and treatment of cerebral palsy. The acidity of CB and its biochemical parameters, including dozens of cytokines, growth factors, and other metabolites (such as amino acids, acylcarnitines, phosphatidylcholines, succinate, glycerol, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and O-phosphocholine) are predictors of future neurodevelopment. In addition, several clinical studies confirmed the safety and efficacy of CB administration in both autologous and allogeneic models, including a meta-analysis of five clinical trials involving a total of 328 participants. Currently, nine clinical trials assessing the use of autologous umbilical CB in children diagnosed with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy or cerebral palsy are in progress. The total population assessed in these trials exceeds 2500 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Boruczkowski
- Polski Bank Komórek Macierzystych S.A. (FamiCord Group), Jana Pawła II 29, 00-867 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Josep-Maria Pujal
- Sevibe Cells, Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la UdG, C/Pic de Peguera No. 11, 17003 Girona, Spain.
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