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Harpagophytum procumbens Inhibits Iron Overload-Induced Oxidative Stress through Activation of Nrf2 Signaling in a Rat Model of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3472443. [PMID: 36160714 PMCID: PMC9492433 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3472443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common degenerative spinal condition in older individuals that causes impaired walking and other disabilities due to severe lower back and leg pain. Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy is a major LSS cause that may result from oxidative stress caused by degenerative cascades, including imbalanced iron homeostasis that leads to excessive reactive oxygen species production. We investigated the effects of Harpagophytum procumbens (HP) on iron-induced oxidative stress associated with LSS pathophysiology. Primary spinal cord neuron cultures were incubated in FeSO4-containing medium, followed by addition of 50, 100, or 200 μg/mL HP. Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 and live/dead cell assays and by propidium iodide-live imaging. In an in vivo rat model of LSS, HP were administered at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, and disease progression was monitored for up to 3 weeks. We investigated the in vitro and in vivo effects of HP on iron-induced neurotoxicity by immunochemistry, real-time PCR, and flow cytometry. HP exerted neuroprotective effects and enhanced neurite outgrowths of iron-injured rat primary spinal cord neurons in vitro. HP treatment significantly reduced necrotic cell death and improved cells' antioxidative capacity via the NRF2 signaling pathway in iron-treated neurons. At 1 week after HP administration in LSS rats, the inflammatory response and oxidative stress markers were substantially reduced through regulation of excess iron accumulation. Iron that accumulated in the spinal cord underneath the implanted silicone was also regulated by HP administration via NRF2 signaling pathway activation. HP-treated LSS rats showed gradually reduced mechanical allodynia and amelioration of impaired behavior for 3 weeks. We demonstrated that HP administration can maintain iron homeostasis within neurons via activation of NRF2 signaling and can consequently facilitate functional recovery by regulating iron-induced oxidative stress. This fundamentally new strategy holds promise for LSS treatment.
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Liu T, Xing S, Du J, Wang M, Han J, Li Z. Synthesis and evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of novel 8-quinolinesulfonamide derivatives as TLR4/MD-2 inhibitors with efficacy in adjuvant-induced arthritis. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105037. [PMID: 34120022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a series of 8-quinolinesulfonamidederivatives was synthesized, and their anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated. Among them, compound 3l was found to be the best anti-inflammatory agent, with IC50 values of 2.61 ± 0.39, 9.74 ± 0.85, and 12.71 ± 1.34 μM against NO, TNF-α and IL-1β production respectively. And 3l could significantly prevent lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of inflammatory mediators (iNOS and COX-2). Molecule docking results showed that 3l could bind to the LPS binding site of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/MD-2, and 3l was then identified as TLR4/MD-2 inhibitor by co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and cellular thermal shift assay (CTESA). Preliminary mechanism studies indicated that 3l could prevent TLR4 from being activated by disrupting TLR4/MD-2 heterodimerization and TLR4 homodimerization, thereby blocking the activation of the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, observation of rat foot swelling, joint pathology and serum inflammatory cytokine levels proved that compound 3l had a significant therapeutic effect on adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in rats in vivo. These results indicated that compound 3l is a potential anti-inflammatory agent, from which more effective anti-inflammatory drugs could be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Siqi Xing
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jiyu Du
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Min Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jianfei Han
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zeng Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Balan I, Aurelian L, Schleicher R, Boero G, O'Buckley T, Morrow AL. Neurosteroid allopregnanolone (3α,5α-THP) inhibits inflammatory signals induced by activated MyD88-dependent toll-like receptors. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:145. [PMID: 33637705 PMCID: PMC7909379 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We have shown that endogenous neurosteroids, including pregnenolone and 3α,5α-THP inhibit toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal activation in mouse macrophages and the brain of alcohol-preferring (P) rat, which exhibits innate TLR4 signal activation. The current studies were designed to examine whether other activated TLR signals are similarly inhibited by 3α,5α-THP. We report that 3α,5α-THP inhibits selective agonist-mediated activation of TLR2 and TLR7, but not TLR3 signaling in the RAW246.7 macrophage cell line. The TLR4 and TLR7 signals are innately activated in the amygdala and NAc from P rat brains and inhibited by 3α,5α-THP. The TLR2 and TLR3 signals are not activated in P rat brain and they are not affected by 3α,5α-THP. Co-immunoprecipitation studies indicate that 3α,5α-THP inhibits the binding of MyD88 with TLR4 or TLR7 in P rat brain, but the levels of TLR4 co-precipitating with TRIF are not altered by 3α,5α-THP treatment. Collectively, the data indicate that 3α,5α-THP inhibits MyD88- but not TRIF-dependent TLR signal activation and the production of pro-inflammatory mediators through its ability to block TLR-MyD88 binding. These results have applicability to many conditions involving pro-inflammatory TLR activation of cytokines, chemokines, and interferons and support the use of 3α,5α-THP as a therapeutic for inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Balan
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Laure Aurelian
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Riana Schleicher
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Giorgia Boero
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Todd O'Buckley
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - A Leslie Morrow
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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Retracted: The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Shinbaro3 Is Mediated by Downregulation of the TLR4 Signalling Pathway in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:7859157. [PMID: 33061830 PMCID: PMC7542515 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7859157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in RAW 264.7 cells by polysaccharides extracted from Grateloupia livida (Harv.) Yamada. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 85:106630. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Berköz M, Krośniak M, Özkan-Yılmaz F, Özlüer-Hunt A. Prophylactic effect of Biochanin A in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:330-339. [PMID: 32482108 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1769128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aim/Purpose of the study:Inhibition of microglial activation using phytochemicals may be a potential candidate for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases caused by neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The goal of this study was to investigate the protective role of Biochanin A on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. BV2 microglial cells were treated with LPS in the presence and absence of Biochanin A. Materials and methods: For this aim, nitric oxide production, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD88), and toll like receptor-4 (TLR-4) protein expressions, Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels were measured. Results:Biochanin A pretreatment resulted in significant and concentration-dependently reduced the LPS-induced production of nitric oxide, NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2, and ROS compared to the untreated group. Biochanin A prophylaxis exerted an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing iNOS, COX-2, MyD88, and TLR-4 protein expressions and Akt and ERK1/2 pathway activation. Conclusion:Taken together, these results show that Biochanin A exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, thus may be beneficial for preventing neurodegenerative diseases mediated by microglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Berköz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Mirosław Krośniak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Ferbal Özkan-Yılmaz
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Arzu Özlüer-Hunt
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Huang W, Liu C, Xie L, Wang Y, Xu Y, Li Y. Integrated network pharmacology and targeted metabolomics to reveal the mechanism of nephrotoxicity of triptolide. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:850-861. [PMID: 32110379 PMCID: PMC7017871 DOI: 10.1039/c9tx00067d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Triptolide (TP) is one of the important active components in Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F., which shows strong anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, a large number of literature studies have reported that TP is the main component causing nephrotoxicity, and the mechanism of nephrotoxicity has not yet been revealed. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to clarify the toxicity mechanism of TP. This study integrated network pharmacology and targeted metabolomics to reveal the nephrotoxicity mechanism of TP. Firstly, network pharmacology screening of 61 action targets related to TP induced nephrotoxicity, with 39 direct targets and 22 indirect targets, was performed. Subsequently, based on a large-scale protein-protein interaction (PPI) and molecular docking validation, the core targets were identified. Based on the above targets and enrichment analysis, the purine metabolism, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway were found play a pivotal role in TP-induced nephrotoxicity. Literature investigation showed that purine and pyrimidine metabolism pathways were closely related to kidney diseases. Therefore, by using the quantitative method of determining endogenous purine and pyrimidine previously established in the laboratory, a targeted metabolomic analysis of TP was carried out. Finally, six nephrotoxicity biomarkers, dihydroorotate, thymidine, 2-deoxyinosine, uric acid, adenosine and xanthine, were found. Combining the above results, the mechanisms underlying the nephrotoxicity of TP were speculated to be due to the over-consumption of xanthine and uric acid, which would result in enormous ROS being released in response to oxidative stress in the body. Furthermore, activation of the Toll-like receptor signalling pathway can promotes the phosphorylation of the downstream protein NF-κB and causes an inflammatory response that ultimately leads to nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan , Jinghai Dist. , Tianjin 301617 , China . ; ; ; Tel: +86-22-59596223
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Liangxiang Town , Fangshan District , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Lijuan Xie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan , Jinghai Dist. , Tianjin 301617 , China . ; ; ; Tel: +86-22-59596223
| | - Yuming Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan , Jinghai Dist. , Tianjin 301617 , China . ; ; ; Tel: +86-22-59596223
| | - Yanyan Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan , Jinghai Dist. , Tianjin 301617 , China . ; ; ; Tel: +86-22-59596223
| | - Yubo Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan , Jinghai Dist. , Tianjin 301617 , China . ; ; ; Tel: +86-22-59596223
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Sun P, Sun N, Yin W, Sun Y, Fan K, Guo J, Khan A, He Y, Li H. Matrine inhibits IL-1β secretion in primary porcine alveolar macrophages through the MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome. Vet Res 2019; 50:53. [PMID: 31300043 PMCID: PMC6626430 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0671-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies demonstrated that matrine directly acts on the replication process of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Matrine inhibits viral replication and is also associated with the NF-κB signalling pathway. These results suggest that matrine has antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the specific anti-inflammatory mechanism of matrine is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the anti-IL-1β mechanism of matrine, as IL-1β is a major inflammatory cytokine, in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) stimulated with 4 μg PRRSV 5′-untranslated region (UTR) RNA and 1 μg/mL LPS. After 5′UTR RNA and LPS co-stimulation of PAMs for 12 h, the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α was significantly increased. The results also showed that co-stimulation induced the expression of MyD88, and activated the NF-κB signalling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, matrine treatment downregulated MyD88, NLRP3 and caspase-1 expression, inhibited ASC speck formation, suppressed IκBα phosphorylation, and interfered with the translocation of NF-κB from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. These results suggest that matrine plays an important role in PAMs co-stimulated with PRRSV 5′UTR RNA and LPS via its effect on NF-κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome. These findings lay the foundation for the exploration of the clinical application of matrine in PRRSV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaogui Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuohai Fan
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Schubot Exotic Bird Health Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Ajab Khan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongming He
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongquan Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Phenalenones from a Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium Sp. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17030176. [PMID: 30889916 PMCID: PMC6470642 DOI: 10.3390/md17030176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Six new phenalenone derivatives (1–6), along with five known compounds (7–11) of the herqueinone class, were isolated from a marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. The absolute configurations of these compounds were assigned based on chemical modifications and their specific rotations. 4-Hydroxysclerodin (6) and an acetone adduct of a triketone (7) exhibited moderate anti-angiogenetic and anti-inflammatory activities, respectively, while ent-peniciherqueinone (1) and isoherqueinone (9) exhibited moderate abilities to induce adipogenesis without cytotoxicity.
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