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Nwokocha C, Palacios J, Ojukwu VE, Nna VU, Owu DU, Nwokocha M, McGrowder D, Orie NN. Oxidant-induced disruption of vascular K + channel function: implications for diabetic vasculopathy. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:361-372. [PMID: 35757993 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2022.2090578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes in humans a chronic metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycaemia, it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, disruptions to metabolism and vascular functions. It is also linked to oxidative stress and its complications. Its role in vascular dysfunctions is generally reported without detailed impact on the molecular mechanisms. Potassium ion channel (K+ channels) are key regulators of vascular tone, and as membrane proteins, are modifiable by oxidant stress associated with diabetes. This review manuscript examined the impact of oxidant stress on vascular K+ channel functions in diabetes, its implication in vascular complications and metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Palacios
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Arturo Prat University, Iquique, Chile
| | - Victoria E Ojukwu
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Victor Udo Nna
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Daniel Udofia Owu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Magdalene Nwokocha
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Donovan McGrowder
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Nelson N Orie
- Centre of Metabolism and Inflammation, University College London, London, UK
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Ybañez‐Julca RO, Asunción‐Alvarez D, Palacios J, Nwokocha CR. Maca extracts and estrogen replacement therapy in ovariectomized rats exposed at high altitude. Reprod Med Biol 2021; 20:88-95. [PMID: 33488288 PMCID: PMC7812464 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) and herbal remedies are often used to alleviate menopausal symptoms, but their effects and efficacy at high altitudes presents with several uncertainties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether pre-treatment with maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp) improved the tolerance to high altitude on an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model at sea level. METHOD The animals were treated with 17β-estradiol (200 µg/kg; E2), red and black maca (1.5 g/kg) for 28 days and exposed at high altitude or sea level. RESULT Our findings showed that red and black maca extracts significantly (P < .001) reduced the MDA level in OVX rat serum under hypoxia in a similar way to E2. Red and black maca extracts had similar effects with E2, by significantly (P < .001) reversing and increasing the ovariectomized induced decrease in cornified endometrial cell number. Under hypoxic conditions, the black maca (P < .05) and E2 (P < .01) increased the uterine weight in OVX rats. Finally, E2 alone significantly recovered the frequency of the uterine contractile response. CONCLUSION Aqueous extract of L. meyenii partially protects the reproductive function in hypobaric hypoxic environment, through the recovery of the cornified endometrial cells and uterine weight in a menopausal model of OVX rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto O. Ybañez‐Julca
- Laboratorio de FarmacologíaFacultad de Farmacia y BioquímicaUniversidad Nacional de TrujilloTrujilloPerú
| | - Daniel Asunción‐Alvarez
- Laboratorio de FarmacologíaFacultad de Farmacia y BioquímicaUniversidad Nacional de TrujilloTrujilloPerú
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica AplicadaFacultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Arturo PratIquiqueChile
| | - Chukwuemeka R. Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesFaculty of Medical SciencesThe University of the West IndiesKingstonJamaica
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Nwokocha CR, Gordon A, Palacios J, Paredes A, Cifuentes F, Francis S, Watson J, Delgoda R, Nwokocha M, Alexander-Lindo R, Thompson R, Minott-Kates D, Yakubu MA. Hypotensive and antihypertensive effects of an aqueous extract from Guinep fruit (Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq) in rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18623. [PMID: 33122667 PMCID: PMC7596469 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75607-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq (Mb) has been reported to have cardiovascular modulatory effects. In this study, we evaluated the antihypertensive effects and mechanism of action of Mb on NG-Nitro-l-arginine Methyl Ester (l-NAME) and Deoxycorticosterone Acetate (DOCA) rat models. Aqueous extract of Mb fruit (100 mg/kg) was administered for 6 weeks to rats by gavage and blood pressure was recorded. Effects of the extract on vascular reactivity was evaluated using isolated organ baths, and tissues were collected for biochemical and histological analysis. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced with extract (100 mg/kg) administration and treatment compared to the hypertensive models. Mb (100 µg/mL) reduced the vascular contractility induced by phenylephrine (PE), and caused a dose-dependent relaxation of PE-induced contraction of aortic vascular rings. The vasorelaxation properties seemed to be endothelium dependent, as well as nitric oxide (NO) and guanylyl cyclase, but not prostaglandin dependent. Histomicrograph of transverse sections of the ventricles from the Mb group did not show abnormalities. The extract significantly (P < 0.05) reduced an l-NAME induced elevation of cardiac output and Creatine Kinase Muscle-Brain (CKMB), but had no significant impact on the activities of arylamine N-acetyltransferase. In conclusion, Mb significantly decreased blood pressure in hypertensive models. The extract possesses the ability to induce endothelium dependent vasodilation, which is dependent on guanylyl cyclase but not prostaglandins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwuemeka R Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
| | - Alexia Gordon
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Departamento Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, 1110939, Iquique, Chile.
| | - Adrian Paredes
- Departamento Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, 1271155, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental, Instituto Antofagasta (IA), Universidad de Antofagasta, 1270300, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Sheena Francis
- Natural Products Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - JeAnn Watson
- Natural Products Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Rupika Delgoda
- Natural Products Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Magdalene Nwokocha
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Ruby Alexander-Lindo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Rory Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Donna Minott-Kates
- Department of Chemistry, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Momoh A Yakubu
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, 77004, USA
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