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Hussain MS, Moglad E, Afzal M, Gupta G, Hassan Almalki W, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Kukreti N, Gupta S, Kumar D, Chellappan DK, Singh SK, Dua K. Non-coding RNA mediated regulation of PI3K/Akt pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma: Therapeutic perspectives. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155303. [PMID: 38728793 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the primary reasons for fatalities caused by cancer globally, highlighting the need for comprehensive knowledge of its molecular aetiology to develop successful treatment approaches. The PI3K/Akt system is essential in the course of HCC, rendering it an intriguing candidate for treatment. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are important mediators of the PI3K/Akt network in HCC. The article delves into the complex regulatory functions of ncRNAs in influencing the PI3K/Akt system in HCC. The study explores how lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs impact the expression as well as the function of the PI3K/Akt network, either supporting or preventing HCC growth. Additionally, treatment strategies focusing on ncRNAs in HCC are examined, such as antisense oligonucleotide-based methods, RNA interference, and small molecule inhibitor technologies. Emphasizing the necessity of ensuring safety and effectiveness in clinical settings, limitations, and future approaches in using ncRNAs as therapies for HCC are underlined. The present study offers useful insights into the complex regulation system of ncRNAs and the PI3K/Akt cascade in HCC, suggesting possible opportunities for developing innovative treatment approaches to address this lethal tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Chameli Devi Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Khandwa Road, Village Umrikheda, Near Toll Booth, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452020, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
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Andrade AAR, Pauli F, Pressete CG, Zavan B, Hanemann JAC, Miyazawa M, Fonseca R, Caixeta ES, Nacif JLM, Aissa AF, Barreiro EJ, Ionta M. Antiproliferative Activity of N-Acylhydrazone Derivative on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Involves Transcriptional Regulation of Genes Required for G2/M Transition. Biomedicines 2024; 12:892. [PMID: 38672246 PMCID: PMC11048582 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in males. It is estimated that approximately one million deaths will occur by 2030 due to hepatic cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary liver cancer subtype and is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage. The drug arsenal used in systemic therapy for HCC is very limited. Multikinase inhibitors sorafenib (Nexavar®) and lenvatinib (Lenvima®) have been used as first-line drugs with modest therapeutic effects. In this scenario, it is imperative to search for new therapeutic strategies for HCC. Herein, the antiproliferative activity of N-acylhydrazone derivatives was evaluated on HCC cells (HepG2 and Hep3B), which were chemically planned on the ALL-993 scaffold, a potent inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGFR2). The substances efficiently reduced the viability of HCC cells, and the LASSBio-2052 derivative was the most effective. Further, we demonstrated that LASSBio-2052 treatment induced FOXM1 downregulation, which compromises the transcriptional activation of genes required for G2/M transition, such as AURKA and AURKB, PLK1, and CDK1. In addition, LASSBio-2052 significantly reduced CCNB1 and CCND1 expression in HCC cells. Our findings indicate that LASSBio-2052 is a promising prototype for further in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernanda Pauli
- Institute of Chemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói 24020-140, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carolina Girotto Pressete
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil (A.F.A.)
| | - Bruno Zavan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil (A.F.A.)
| | | | - Marta Miyazawa
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafael Fonseca
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil (A.F.A.)
| | - Ester Siqueira Caixeta
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil (A.F.A.)
| | | | - Alexandre Ferro Aissa
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil (A.F.A.)
| | - Eliezer J. Barreiro
- Laboratory of Evaluation and Synthesis of Bioactive Substances (LASSBio), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-914, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marisa Ionta
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil (A.F.A.)
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3
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Mosca N, Russo A, Potenza N. Making Sense of Antisense lncRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8886. [PMID: 37240232 PMCID: PMC10219390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptome complexity is emerging as an unprecedented and fascinating domain, especially by high-throughput sequencing technologies that have unveiled a plethora of new non-coding RNA biotypes. This review covers antisense long non-coding RNAs, i.e., lncRNAs transcribed from the opposite strand of other known genes, and their role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Several sense-antisense transcript pairs have been recently annotated, especially from mammalian genomes, and an understanding of their evolutionary sense and functional role for human health and diseases is only beginning. Antisense lncRNAs dysregulation is significantly involved in hepatocarcinogenesis, where they can act as oncogenes or oncosuppressors, thus playing a key role in tumor onset, progression, and chemoradiotherapy response, as deduced from many studies discussed here. Mechanistically, antisense lncRNAs regulate gene expression by exploiting various molecular mechanisms shared with other ncRNA molecules, and exploit special mechanisms on their corresponding sense gene due to sequence complementarity, thus exerting epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational controls. The next challenges will be piecing together the complex RNA regulatory networks driven by antisense lncRNAs and, ultimately, assigning them a function in physiological and pathological contexts, in addition to defining prospective novel therapeutic targets and innovative diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicoletta Potenza
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (N.M.); (A.R.)
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Liu YX, Yuan S, Liu XJ, Huang YX, Qiu P, Gao J, Deng GP. LncRNA GATA3-AS1 promoted invasion and migration in human endometrial carcinoma by regulating the miR-361/ARRB2 axis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1271-1286. [PMID: 35788718 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a kind of fatal female malignancy. lncRNA GATA3-AS1 has been identified as an oncogene in various cancers. However, the functions and mechanisms of GATA3-AS1 in EC remain to be explored. Human EC tissues and four EC cell lines were used. Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to evaluate the expression of GATA3-AS1, miR-361, and ARRB2. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to validate the interaction among GATA3-AS1, miR-361, and ARRB2. Flow cytometry, colony formation assay, scratch assay, and transwell assay were used to examine the cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and invasion of EC cells, respectively. In vivo tumor growth was monitored in nude mice. GATA3-AS1 and ARRB2 were upregulated while miR-361 was downregulated in human EC tissues and EC cells. GATA3-AS1 knockdown constrained cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT while promoting the apoptosis of EC cells by upregulating miR-361. GATA3-AS1 negatively regulated miR-361 expression. ARRB2 was the direct target of miR-361 and could activate the Src/Akt pathway. In vivo, GATA3-AS1 knockdown suppressed tumor progression by upregulating the miR-361 expression. lncRNA GATA3-AS1 promoted EC invasion and migration by the miR-361/ARRB2 axis, which indicated that GATA3-AS1 might be a promising therapeutic option for advanced EC progression. KEY MESSAGES: GATA3-AS1 knockdown suppressed EC proliferation, invasion, and migration. GATA3-AS1 directly inhibited miR-361 as a ceRNA. MiR-361 knockdown reversed the tumor suppressive effect caused by GATA3-AS1 knockdown. MiR-361 bound to ARRB2 directly and suppressed its expression. The GATA3-AS1/miR-361/ARRB2 axis regulated EC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xi Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jing Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Xi Huang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pin Qiu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gao-Pi Deng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Luo J, Lu C, Feng M, Dai L, Wang M, Qiu Y, Zheng H, Liu Y, Li L, Tang B, Xu C, Wang Y, Yang X. Cooperation between liver-specific mutations of pten and tp53 genetically induces hepatocarcinogenesis in zebrafish. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:262. [PMID: 34416907 PMCID: PMC8377946 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02061-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer, mainly hepatocellular carcinoma, is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide and has a poor prognosis due to insufficient understanding of hepatocarcinogenesis. Previous studies have revealed that the mutations in PTEN and TP53 are the two most common genetic events in hepatocarcinogenesis. Here, we illustrated the crosstalk between aberrant Pten and Tp53 pathways during hepatocarcinogenesis in zebrafish. METHODS We used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to establish several transgenic zebrafish lines with single or double tissue-specific mutations of pten and tp53 to genetically induce liver tumorigenesis. Next, the morphological and histological determination were performed to investigate the roles of Pten and Tp53 signalling pathways in hepatocarcinogenesis in zebrafish. RESULTS We demonstrated that Pten loss alone induces hepatocarcinogenesis with only low efficiency, whereas single mutation of tp53 failed to induce tumour formation in liver tissue in zebrafish. Moreover, zebrafish with double mutations of pten and tp53 exhibits a much higher tumour incidence, higher-grade histology, and a shorter survival time than single-mutant zebrafish, indicating that these two signalling pathways play important roles in dynamic biological events critical for the initiation and progression of hepatocarcinogenesis in zebrafish. Further histological and pathological analyses showed significant similarity between the tumours generated from liver tissues of zebrafish and humans. Furthermore, the treatment with MK-2206, a specific Akt inhibitor, effectively suppressed hepatocarcinogenesis in zebrafish. CONCLUSION Our findings will offer a preclinical animal model for genetically investigating hepatocarcinogenesis and provide a useful platform for high-throughput anticancer drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Luo
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chunjiao Lu
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Meilan Feng
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Dai
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Maya Wang
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huilu Zheng
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chuan Xu
- Integrative Cancer Center & Cancer Clinical Research Center, Cancer Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute Sichuan, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
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Transcriptome Analysis Identifies GATA3-AS1 as a Long Noncoding RNA Associated with Resistance to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Patients. J Mol Diagn 2021; 23:1306-1323. [PMID: 34358678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in women worldwide, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy has emerged as an option for the management of locally advanced breast cancer. Extensive efforts have been made to identify new molecular markers to predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Transcripts that do not encode proteins, termed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have been shown to display abnormal expression profiles in different types of cancer, but their role as biomarkers in response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy has not been extensively studied. Herein, lncRNA expression was profiled using RNA sequencing in biopsies from patients who subsequently showed either response or no response to treatment. The GATA3-AS1 transcript was overexpressed in the nonresponder group and was the most stable feature when performing selection in multiple random forest models. GATA3-AS1 was experimentally validated by RT-qPCR in an extended group of 68 patients. Expression analysis confirmed that GATA3-AS1 is overexpressed primarily in patients who were nonresponsive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, with a sensitivity of 92.9%, a specificity of 75.0%, and an area under the curve of approximately 0.90, as measured by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The statistical model was based on luminal B-like patients and adjusted by menopausal status and phenotype (odds ratio, 37.49; 95% CI, 6.74-208.42; P = 0.001); GATA3-AS1 was established as an independent predictor of response. Thus, lncRNA GATA3-AS1 is proposed as a potential predictive biomarker of nonresponse to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Gholipour M, Hussen BM, Taheri M. The Impact of Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:649107. [PMID: 33968749 PMCID: PMC8097102 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.649107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the utmost deadly human malignancies. This type of cancer has been associated with several environmental, viral, and lifestyle risk factors. Among the epigenetic factors which contribute in the pathogenesis of HCC is dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). These transcripts modulate expression of several tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes and alter the activity of cancer-related signaling axes. Several lncRNAs such as NEAT1, MALAT1, ANRIL, and SNHG1 have been up-regulated in HCC samples. On the other hand, a number of so-called tumor suppressor lncRNAs namely CASS2 and MEG3 are down-regulated in HCC. The interaction between lncRNAs and miRNAs regulate expression of a number of mRNA coding genes which are involved in the pathogenesis of HCC. H19/miR-15b/CDC42, H19/miR-326/TWIST1, NEAT1/miR-485/STAT3, MALAT1/miR-124-3p/Slug, MALAT1/miR-195/EGFR, MALAT1/miR-22/SNAI1, and ANRIL/miR-144/PBX3 axes are among functional axes in the pathobiology of HCC. Some genetic polymorphisms within non-coding regions of the genome have been associated with risk of HCC in certain populations. In the current paper, we describe the recent finding about the impact of lncRNAs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sivasudhan E, Blake N, Lu ZL, Meng J, Rong R. Dynamics of m6A RNA Methylome on the Hallmarks of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:642443. [PMID: 33869193 PMCID: PMC8047153 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.642443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data consistently rank hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, often posing severe economic burden on health care. While the molecular etiopathogenesis associated with genetic and epigenetic modifications has been extensively explored, the biological influence of the emerging field of epitranscriptomics and its associated aberrant RNA modifications on tumorigenesis is a largely unexplored territory with immense potential for discovering new therapeutic approaches. In particular, the underlying cellular mechanisms of different hallmarks of hepatocarcinogenesis that are governed by the complex dynamics of m6A RNA methylation demand further investigation. In this review, we reveal the up-to-date knowledge on the mechanistic and functional link between m6A RNA methylation and pathogenesis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enakshi Sivasudhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Blake
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Zhi-Liang Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jia Meng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rong Rong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Zhou Q, Yang H, Pan H, Pan H, Zhou J. Exosomes isolated from the miR-215-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells protect H 2O 2-induced rat myoblasts via the miR-215/FABP3 pathway. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 119:104608. [PMID: 33503452 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of miR-215, with exosomes as carriers, against skeletal muscle injury. Exosomes were isolated from rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) or rBMSCs overexpressing miR-215. Subsequently, rat myoblasts (L6) were treated with different exosomes and mimics, then exposed to H2O2. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 and Annexin V-FITC cell apoptosis assay kits, respectively. Reverse-transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to examine the expression of related genes. Transmission electron microscopy, Nanosight, and western blotting showed that the exosomes were successfully isolated. PKH67 staining revealed that both exosomes and miR-215-modified exosomes were taken up by L6 cells. FABP3 was found to be the target gene of miR-215 via a dual luciferase reporter gene assay. In the L6 cells treated with H2O2, cell viability was significantly inhibited, whereas apoptosis significantly increased (P < 0.05). Exosomes significantly enhanced the viability of H2O2-induced cells and inhibited their apoptosis (P < 0.05). In addition, RT-qPCR showed that in the H2O2-induced L6 cells, FABP3, CDKN1A, and TP53 were significantly upregulated, while CCNB1 was significantly downregulated (P < 0.05). However, their expression levels were significantly reversed after treatment with miR-215-modified exosomes (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the miR-215-modified exosomes may exert protective effects against skeletal muscle injury through the miR-215/FABP3 pathway and regulate the expression of CDKN1A, CCNB1, and TP53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhou
- Physical Education Department, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Hongchang Yang
- Physical Education Department, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China.
| | - Hongchi Pan
- Department of food and drug, college of material and chemical engineering, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China
| | - Hongyao Pan
- Physical Education Department, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of clinical medicine, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211800, China
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Liu Y, Xu G, Li L. LncRNA GATA3‑AS1‑miR‑30b‑5p‑Tex10 axis modulates tumorigenesis in pancreatic cancer. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:59. [PMID: 33760161 PMCID: PMC7962099 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely recognized to play an important role in a variety of diseases. Abnormal regulation of lncRNA GATA3-antisense RNA 1 (AS1) occurs in several cancers, but whether it is involved in the progression of pancreatic cancer (PC) remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the biological effects of GATA3-AS1 in PC and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Upregulation of GATA3-AS1 was revealed in PC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of GATA3-AS1 in PANC-1 or AsPC-1 cells markedly reduced cell viability, cell proliferation, and cell invasion abilities, while cell apoptosis was increased. In addition, GATA3-AS1 knockdown suppressed the stemness of PANC-1 and AsPC-1 cells by decreasing the spheroid formation ability. A tumor xenograft in vivo assay demonstrated that GATA3-AS1 knockdown inhibited tumorigenicity of AsPC-1 cells. Furthermore, the microRNA (miR)-30b-5p downregulation and GATA3-AS1 upregulation were revealed in PC tissues and cell lines. Negative correlations were present between GATA3-AS1 and miR-30b-5p and between miR-30b-5p and testis-expressed protein 10 (Tex10) in the PC tissues, while GATA3-AS1 and Tex10 were positively correlated. GATA3-AS1 was then revealed to act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-30b-5p in regulating Tex10 expression. Moreover, the miR-30b-5p-Tex10 axis was confirmed to be involved in the regulation of biological effects of GATA3-AS1, including cell viability, cell proliferation, cell invasion, cell apoptosis, and cell stemness, as well as Wnt1/β-catenin signaling. Collectively, these data indicated that the GATA3-AS1-miR-30b-5p-Tex10 axis modulates tumorigenesis in PC, which may be associated with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Liu
- Department of Outpatients, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Wu Y, Zhang Y, Qin X, Geng H, Zuo D, Zhao Q. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related long non-coding RNAs: roles and mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105195. [PMID: 32916254 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide with high prevalence and lethality. The oncogenic phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway is a classic dysregulated pathway involved in the pathogenesis of HCC. However, the underlying mechanism for how PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway aberrantly activates HCC has not been entirely elucidated. The recognition of the functional roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling axis sheds light on a new dimension to our understanding of hepatocarcinogenesis. In this review, we comprehensively summarize 67 dysregulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related lncRNAs in HCC. Many studies have indicated that the 67 dysregulated lncRNAs show oncogenic or anti-oncogenic effects in HCC by regulation on epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and they play pivotal roles in the initiation of HCC in diverse biological processes like proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, radio-resistance, energy metabolism, autophagy and so on. Besides, many of these lncRNAs are associated with clinicopathological features and clinical prognosis in HCC, which may provide a potential future application in the diagnosis and therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wu
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yingshi Zhang
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xiaochun Qin
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Haobin Geng
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Qingchun Zhao
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110840, China.
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Chen Z, Xie H, Hu M, Huang T, Hu Y, Sang N, Zhao Y. Recent progress in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2993-3036. [PMID: 33042631 PMCID: PMC7539784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In the past decade, there have been improvements in non-drug therapies and drug therapies for HCC treatment. Non-drug therapies include hepatic resection, liver transplantation, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and ablation. The former two surgical treatments are beneficial for patients with early and mid-stage HCC. As the first choice for non-surgical treatment, different TACE methods has been developed and widely used in combination therapy. Ablation has become an important alternative therapy for the treatment of small HCC or cases of unresectable surgery. Meanwhile, the drugs including small molecule targeted drugs like sorafenib and lenvatinib, monoclonal antibodies such as nivolumab are mainly used for the systematic treatment of advanced HCC. Besides strategies described above are recommended as first-line therapies due to their significant increase in mean overall survival, there are also potential drugs in clinical trials or under preclinical development. In addition, a number of potential preclinical surgical or adjuvant therapies are being studied, such as oncolytic virus, mesenchymal stem cells, biological clock, gut microbiome composition and peptide vaccine, all of which have shown different degrees of inhibition on HCC. With some potential anti-HCC drugs being reported, many promising therapeutic targets in related taxonomic signaling pathways including cell cycle, epigenetics, tyrosine kinase and so on that affect the progression of HCC have also been found. Together, the rational application of existing therapies and drugs as well as the new strategies will bring a bright future for the global cure of HCC in the coming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqian Chen
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao Xie
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingming Hu
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Tianyi Huang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanan Hu
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Na Sang
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
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Sun J, Wang Y, Sun L. INNO-406 inhibits the growth of chronic myeloid leukemia and promotes its apoptosis via targeting PTEN. Hum Cell 2020; 33:1112-1119. [PMID: 32862368 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm. INNO-406 is a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that possess specific Lyn kinase inhibitory activity with no or limited activity against other sarcoma (Src) family member kinases. The present study aimed to confirm the anti-tumor effect of INNO-406 on CML cells, and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. CML cells were treated by INNO-406 at the concentration of 5, 25, 50, 100 μM at the indicated time. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT. Cell apoptosis were detected by Western blot and flow cytometry, respectively. As suggested by the findings, INNO-406 significantly inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis of CML cells. In addition, INNO-406 promoted the expression level of PTEN. Rescue experiment revealed that PTEN knockdown reversed the effect of INNO-406 which indicated the correlation between INNO-406 and PTEN. Further study determined that PTEN inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT and 4EBP1 and subsequently altered the expression of apoptotic proteins including bax, cytoplasmic cytochrome c (cyto-c), cleaved caspase3 and bcl-2. In vivo study further confirmed that INNO-406 inhibited the growth of CML cells by targeting PTEN. Based on the above findings, this work extended our understanding of INNO-406 in the therapy of CML and its molecular mechanism.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Gene Expression/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/metabolism
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Sun
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Huangdao District, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266555, Shandong, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Huangdao District, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266555, Shandong, China
| | - Lirong Sun
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Huangdao District, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266555, Shandong, China.
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