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Paczkowska-Walendowska M, Ignacyk M, Miklaszewski A, Plech T, Karpiński TM, Kwiatek J, Swora-Cwynar E, Walendowski M, Cielecka-Piontek J. Electrospun Nanofibers with Pomegranate Peel Extract as a New Concept for Treating Oral Infections. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2558. [PMID: 38893822 PMCID: PMC11173823 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Pomegranate peel extract is known for its potent antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and probiotic properties, leading to its use in treating oral infections. In the first stage of this work, for the first time, using the Design of Experiment (DoE) approach, pomegranate peel extract (70% methanol, temperature 70 °C, and three cycles per 90 min) was optimized and obtained, which showed optimal antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The optimized extract showed antibacterial activity against oral pathogenic bacteria. The second part of this study focused on optimizing an electrospinning process for a combination of polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofibers loaded with the optimized pomegranate peel extract. The characterization of the nanofibers was confirmed by using SEM pictures, XRPD diffractograms, and IR-ATR spectra. The composition of the nanofibers can control the release; in the case of PVP-based nanofibers, immediate release was achieved within 30 min, while in the case of PCL/PVP, controlled release was completed within 24 h. Analysis of the effect of different scaffold compositions of the obtained electrofibers showed that those based on PCL/PVP had better wound healing potential. The proposed strategy to produce electrospun nanofibers with pomegranate peel extract is the first and innovative approach to better use the synergy of biological action of active compounds present in extracts in a patient-friendly pharmaceutical form, beneficial for treating oral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Paczkowska-Walendowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (M.I.); (J.C.-P.)
| | - Miłosz Ignacyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (M.I.); (J.C.-P.)
| | - Andrzej Miklaszewski
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Plech
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwillowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz M. Karpiński
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 10, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Jakub Kwiatek
- Kwiatek Dental Clinic Sp. z o.o., Kordeckiego 22, 60-144 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Swora-Cwynar
- Department of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants—National Research Institute, Wojska Polskiego 71b, 60-630 Poznan, Poland;
| | | | - Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (M.I.); (J.C.-P.)
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Elhadef K, Chaari M, Akermi S, Nirmal NP, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Abdelkafi S, Michaud P, Ali DS, Mellouli L, Smaoui S. Production of functional raw chicken meat by incorporation of date palm seed extract: an assessment of microbiological, chemical and sensory properties. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2023; 17:5117-5133. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-023-02017-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
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Saparbekova A, Kantureyeva G, Kudasova D, Konarbayeva Z, Latif A. Potential of phenolic compounds from pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) by-product with significant antioxidant and therapeutic effects: A narrative review. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103553. [PMID: 36632073 PMCID: PMC9827386 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The wealth of epidemiological evidence in the scientific world underscores the possibility that a plant-based diet can reduce the prevalence of common diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and stroke. The therapeutic effects of plant sources are partly explained by phenolic secondary metabolites or polyphenolic compounds. Therefore, polyphenolic compounds, which are widely distributed in plants, are of great interest for the development of effective specific drugs with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, polyphenol compounds have no harmful effects due to their natural biocompatibility and safety. Numerous studies have highlighted the potential of some industrial food wastes from plant material processing, including apple peels and mashed potatoes, grape skins, tomato and carrot peels, pomegranate peels and seeds, and many others. These byproducts are considered low-cost sources of natural biological compounds, including antioxidants, which have beneficial effects on human health. The polyphenol complex of pomegranate peel (Punica granatum L.), which makes up half of the pomegranate fruit, has more pronounced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties than other parts. And the most important active components of pomegranate peel, which are found only in this plant, are punicalagin, followed by ellagic acid and gallic acid. It is known that these polyphenolic compounds of pomegranate peel have the most pronounced therapeutic effect. Several studies have shown the protective effect of ellagic acid, punicalagin, against oxidative stress damage caused by free radicals. The potential of pomegranate peel as an antioxidant and therapeutic component in various biological systems is high, according to scientific sources. However, despite extensive research in recent years, a review of sources has shown that there is insufficient evidence to support the therapeutic effects of polyphenolic compounds from pomegranate peels. The role of pomegranate peel polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoids, as antioxidants in various biological systems also requires further research. Of particular importance are the mechanisms by which antioxidants influence the cellular response against oxidative stress. The purpose of this review was to report our current knowledge of plant polyphenolic compounds and their classification, and to evaluate the potential of phenolic compounds from pomegranate peels with significant antioxidant and therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.A. Saparbekova
- M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Biotechnology department, Tauke-Chan av., 5, 486050 Shymkent, Kazakhstan
| | - G.O. Kantureyeva
- M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Biotechnology department, Tauke-Chan av., 5, 486050 Shymkent, Kazakhstan,Corresponding author.
| | - D.E. Kudasova
- M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Biotechnology department, Tauke-Chan av., 5, 486050 Shymkent, Kazakhstan
| | - Z.K. Konarbayeva
- M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Food Engineering department, Tauke-Chan av., 5, 486050 Shymkent, Kazakhstan
| | - A.S. Latif
- M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Biology and Geography Department, Tauke-Chan av., 5, 486050 Shymkent, Kazakhstan
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Chaari M, Elhadef K, Akermi S, Hlima HB, Fourati M, Chakchouk Mtibaa A, Sarkar T, Shariati MA, Rebezov M, D’Amore T, Mellouli L, Smaoui S. Multiobjective response and chemometric approaches to enhance the phytochemicals and biological activities of beetroot leaves: an unexploited organic waste. BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY 2022; 13:1-15. [PMID: 36530596 PMCID: PMC9746593 DOI: 10.1007/s13399-022-03645-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Research on medicinal plants is developing each day due to inborn phytochemicals, which can encourage the progress of novel drugs. Most plant-based phytochemicals have valuable effects on well-being. Among them, beetroot leaves (BL) are known for their therapeutic properties. Here, three solvents, namely, acetonitrile, ethanol, and water, and their combinations were developed for BL extraction and simultaneous assessment of phytochemical compounds and antioxidant and antifoodborne pathogen bacteria activities. By using the augmented simplex-centroid mixture design, 40.40% acetonitrile diluted in water at 38.74% and ethanol at 20.86% favored the recovery of 49.28 mg GAE/mL (total phenolic content (TPC)) and 0.314 mg QE/mL (total flavonoid content (TFC)), respectively. Acetonitrile diluted in water at 50% guarantees the best antioxidant activity, whereas the optimal predicted mixture for the highest antibacterial activity matches 24.58, 50.17, and 25.25% of acetonitrile, ethanol, and water, respectively. These extraction conditions ensured inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli, respectively, at 0.402, 0.497, and 0.207 mg/mL. Under optimized conditions, at three concentrations of BL, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), 2 × MIC, and 4 × MIC, a linear model was employed to investigate the inhibition behavior against the three tested bacteria. The early logarithmic growth phase of these bacteria illustrated the bactericidal effect of optimized extracted BL with a logarithmic growth phase inferior to 6 h. Therefore, BL extract at 4 × MIC, which corresponds to 1.608, 1.988, and 0.828 mg/mL, was more efficient against S. aureus, S. enterica, and E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moufida Chaari
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khaoula Elhadef
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sarra Akermi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Ben Hlima
- Laboratory of Enzymatic Engineering and Microbiology, Algae Biotechnology Unit, Biological Engineering Department, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mariam Fourati
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Chakchouk Mtibaa
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tanmay Sarkar
- Department of Food Technology, Malda Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Govt. of West Bengal, Malda, 732102 West Bengal India
| | - Mohammed Ali Shariati
- Department of Scientific Research, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, 127550 Russia
- Department of Scientific Research, K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (The First Cossack University), 109004 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- Department of Scientific Research, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, 127550 Russia
- Department of Scientific Research, K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (The First Cossack University), 109004 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Scientific Research, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Moscow, 109316 Russia
| | - Teresa D’Amore
- Chemistry Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Puglia E Della, Foggia, Italy
| | - Lotfi Mellouli
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Slim Smaoui
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
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Chaari M, Elhadef K, Akermi S, Ben Akacha B, Fourati M, Chakchouk Mtibaa A, Ennouri M, Sarkar T, Shariati MA, Rebezov M, Abdelkafi S, Mellouli L, Smaoui S. Novel Active Food Packaging Films Based on Gelatin-Sodium Alginate Containing Beetroot Peel Extract. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2095. [PMID: 36358468 PMCID: PMC9686688 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the exploration of natural colorants from vegetal waste has gained particular attention. Furthermore, incorporation of these natural sources into biopolymers is an encouraging environmentally friendly approach to establishing active films with biological activities for food packaging. The present study developed bioactive antioxidant films based on gelatin-sodium alginate (NaAlg) incorporated with aqueous beetroot peel extract (BPE). Firstly, the effects of combining gelatin-NaAlg and BPE at 0.25, 0.5, and 1% on the mechanical, physical, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of the films were analyzed. With increasing BPE, mechanico-physical properties and antioxidant and anti-foodborne pathogen capacities were enhanced. Likewise, when added to gelatin-NaAlg films, BPE remarkably increased the instrumental color properties. Moreover, during 14 days of storage at 4 °C, the impact of gelatin-NaAlg coating impregnated with BPE on microbial and chemical oxidation and on the sensory characteristics of beef meat samples was periodically assessed. Interestingly, by the end of the storage, BPE at 1% limited the microbial deterioration, enhanced the instrumental color, delayed chemical oxidation, and improved sensory traits. By practicing chemometrics tools (principal component analysis and heat maps), all data provided valuable information for categorizing all samples regarding microbiological and oxidative properties, sensory features, and instrumental color. Our findings revealed the ability of gelatin-NaAlg with BPE as an antioxidant to be employed as food packaging for meat preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moufida Chaari
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Khaoula Elhadef
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Sarra Akermi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Boutheina Ben Akacha
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Plant Improvement, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Mariam Fourati
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Chakchouk Mtibaa
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Monia Ennouri
- Olive Tree Institute, University of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
- Valuation, Security and Food Analysis Laboratory, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
| | - Tanmay Sarkar
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Malda Polytechnic, Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Government of West Bengal, Malda 732102, West Bengal, India
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Department of Scientific Research, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- Department of Scientific Research, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 127550 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Scientific Research, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research, Center for Food Systems, 26 Talalikhin St., 109316 Moscow, Russia
| | - Slim Abdelkafi
- Laboratory of Enzymatic Engineering and Microbiology, Algae Biotechnology Unit, Biological Engineering Department, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Mellouli
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Slim Smaoui
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
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Pomegranate Peels and Seeds as a Source of Phenolic Compounds: Effect of Cultivar, By-Product, and Extraction Solvent. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2022; 2022:9189575. [PMID: 35898417 PMCID: PMC9314001 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9189575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The nutraceutical properties of Punica granatum L. are not restricted to the edible portion of the fruit but also to the peels and seeds, flowers, leaves, and tree bark. The recovery and valorization of the peel and seeds (ca. 50% of the whole fruit), besides the positive environmental impact, can be viewed as a source of natural bioactive compounds. Thus, the bioactive properties of extracts of pomegranate peel and seeds from Acco and Wonderful known cultivars, as well as of the novel Big Full cultivar, were evaluated. The dried and ground pomegranate by-products were submitted to a conventional solid/liquid extraction with ethanol/water mixtures (0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% of EtOH, v/v). The obtained extracts were characterized in terms of total phenolic compounds (TPC), total flavonoids (TF), and antioxidant activity (AA), determined by the DPPH radical scavenging activity and expressed as IC50 (half maximum inhibitory concentration). With the exception of the Acco cultivar, the extraction yield (EY) was higher for peels, whose extracts showed higher TPC, TF, and IC50 (lower AA). The extracts obtained from the by-products of the Big Full cultivar had a statistically higher overall bioactive potential (TPC: 0.36 mg GAE/mg extract; TF: 0.031 mg CATE/mg extract; IC50: 0.51 mg/mL) compared to the other two studied cultivars. Furthermore, the EY was enhanced by solvents richer in ethanol (50-75%), allowing obtaining extracts richer in TPC and TF with higher AA. Finally, it was shown that EY combined with bioactive data allowed a satisfactory principal component unsupervised differentiation of the pomegranate extracts according to the type of by-product used.
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Effect of Solvent Extraction and Blanching Pre-Treatment on Phytochemical, Antioxidant Properties, Enzyme Inactivation and Antibacterial Activities of ‘Wonderful’ Pomegranate Peel Extracts. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9061012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
‘Wonderful’ pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel is rich in phytochemicals which are responsible for its strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, but it has low economic value as it is mainly discarded, causing an environmental waste management problem. To examine the best processing regime for pomegranate peel wastes, different solvents (ethanol, methanol and acetone) at various concentrations (50%, 70% and 100%) and blanching at 60, 80 and 100 °C for 1, 3 and 5 min, for each temperature, were tested. Ethanol at 70% (v/v) provided the highest extract yield, total phenolic and total tannin content at 29.46%, 10.61 ± 0.15, and 0.76 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g DM, respectively. Antioxidant activity using the 2,2 diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl assay (DPPH), ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP) and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid assay (ABTS) were reported at 243.97 ± 2.43, 478.04 ± 73.98 and 718.79 ± 2.42 µmol Trolox/g DM, respectively. A blanching temperature of 80 °C for 3 min led to the highest extract that had a total phenolic content of 12.22 ± 0.08 mg GAE/g DM and total tannin content of 1.06 ± 0.06 mg GAE/g DM. This extract also exhibited the best antioxidant activity for the DPPH, FRAP and ABTS assays. Two blanching temperatures, 80 or 100 °C, significantly reduced polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities (p < 0.05). Although blanched peel extracts showed a broad-spectrum activity against test bacteria, blanching at 80 °C for 3 or 5 min was most effective. Hot water blanching is thus a suitable environmentally friendly post-harvesting processing method for pomegranate peels that are intended for use as extracts in value-added products with good antioxidant and antibacterial effects.
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Tunisian Pistachio Hull Extracts: Phytochemical Content, Antioxidant Activity, and Foodborne Pathogen Inhibition. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/9953545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to discriminate pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) hulls belonging to three different Tunisian geographical origins and extracted separately by hexane, acetone, acetonitrile, and water in terms of phytochemicals and antioxidant and antibacterial activities using multivariate analysis. Significant differences (
) in the phytochemical content, antioxidant, and antifoodborne bacterial activities were detected among the pistachio hulls populations. Pearson correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and heat map were used to distinguish the relationship between the different regions on the basis of the biological activities. It was found that the twelve (4 extracts × 3 geographical sources) pistachio hulls extracts could be classified geographically into four distinct groups. To explore the mode of action of the aqueous pistachio hull extract against L. monocytogenes and S. enterica, polymyxin acriflavine lithium chloride ceftazidime aesculin mannitol (PALCAM) and xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) broth media were artificially contaminated at 104 CFU/mL. Using linear and general linear models, aqueous pistachio hull extract was demonstrated to control the two dominant food-borne pathogens by suppressing the bacterial growth.
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Impact of micro wet milling process on pomegranate peel phenolics extraction using multi‐response optimization. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Petrotos K, Giavasis I, Gerasopoulos K, Mitsagga C, Papaioannou C, Gkoutsidis P. Optimization of the Vacuum Microwave Assisted Extraction of the Natural Polyphenols and Flavonoids from the Raw Solid Waste of the Pomegranate Juice Producing Industry at Industrial Scale. Molecules 2021; 26:1033. [PMID: 33669172 PMCID: PMC7919679 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate pomace (PP) is the solid waste produced in bulk by the pomegranate juice industry which is rich in polyphenols and flavonoids that can replace the hazardous chemical antioxidants/antimicrobials currently used in the agro-food and cosmetics sectors. In the present work, the vacuum microwave assisted extraction (VMAE) of natural antioxidants from raw pomegranate pomace was investigated and successfully optimized at an industrial scale. For the optimization of PP VMAE a novel, highly accurate response surface methodology (RSM) based on a comprehensive multi-point historical design was employed. The optimization showed that the maximum recovery of PP total polyphenols as well as total PP flavonoids were obtained at microwave power = 4961.07 W, water to pomace ratio = 29.9, extraction time = 119.53 min and microwave power = 4147.76 W, water to pomace ratio = 19.32, extraction time = 63.32 min respectively. Moreover, the optimal VMAE conditions on economic grounds were determined to be: microwave power = 2048.62 W, water to pomace ratio = 23.11, extraction time = 15.04 min and microwave power = 4008.62 W, water to pomace ratio = 18.08, extraction time = 15.29 min for PP total polyphenols and PP total flavonoids respectively. The main conclusion of this study is that the VMAE extraction can be successfully used at industrial scale to produce, in economic manner, high added value natural extracts from PP pomace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Petrotos
- Department of Agrotechnology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Geopolis Campus, University of Thessaly, Periferiaki Odos Larisas Trikalon, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (K.G.); (C.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Ioannis Giavasis
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Agricultural Sciences, Karditsa Campus, University of Thessaly, Terma Odou N. Temponera, 43100 Karditsa, Greece; (I.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Konstantinos Gerasopoulos
- Department of Agrotechnology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Geopolis Campus, University of Thessaly, Periferiaki Odos Larisas Trikalon, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (K.G.); (C.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Chrysanthi Mitsagga
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Agricultural Sciences, Karditsa Campus, University of Thessaly, Terma Odou N. Temponera, 43100 Karditsa, Greece; (I.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Chryssoula Papaioannou
- Department of Agrotechnology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Geopolis Campus, University of Thessaly, Periferiaki Odos Larisas Trikalon, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (K.G.); (C.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Paschalis Gkoutsidis
- Department of Agrotechnology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Geopolis Campus, University of Thessaly, Periferiaki Odos Larisas Trikalon, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (K.G.); (C.P.); (P.G.)
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Karray A, Krayem N, Saad HB, Sayari A. Spirulina platensis, Punica granatum peel, and moringa leaves extracts in cosmetic formulations: an integrated approach of in vitro biological activities and acceptability studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:8802-8811. [PMID: 33068245 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The selection of suitable natural raw materials in the cosmetic research and development is a key point, in order not only to obtain the expected results but also to avoid undesirable side effects. In this study, spirulina platensis, pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel, and moringa leaves alone were evaluated for anti-oxidant and antimicrobial properties. The chemical composition (moisture, dry matter, protein, lipid, and ash) and total polyphenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids content were evaluated in the three extracts. Total antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing activity power of extracts were also studied. Using agar diffusion method, the anti-Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, and Enterococus faecalis activities were measured. Interestingly, after combinations, pomegranate peel/spirulina (A), and moringa/spirulina (B): 25%/75% and 50%/50%, we have found that pomegranate peel can be incorporated into cosmetic formulations as an excellent preservative due to its exceptionally amount of phenolic compounds, powerful antioxidant activity, and its antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Karray
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS Route de Soukra, université de Sfax-Tunisia, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Najeh Krayem
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS Route de Soukra, université de Sfax-Tunisia, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Ben Saad
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS Route de Soukra, université de Sfax-Tunisia, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Adel Sayari
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS Route de Soukra, université de Sfax-Tunisia, Sfax, Tunisia
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Fourati M, Smaoui S, Hlima HB, Elhadef K, Braïek OB, Ennouri K, Mtibaa AC, Mellouli L. Bioactive Compounds and Pharmacological Potential of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Seeds - A Review. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 75:477-486. [PMID: 33040298 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-020-00863-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of complementary medicine has recently increased in an attempt to find effective alternative therapies that reduce the adverse effects of drugs. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) by-products, such as seeds, is a rich source of phytochemicals with a high antioxidant activity, thus possessing health benefits. For the identification and quantification of the pomegranate seeds chemical compounds, particular attention has been drawn to the latest developments in the HPLC coupling with electrospray ionization (ESI) MS/MS detection. In fact, a wide range of phytochemicals including phenolic acid, anthocyanins, flavonoids, hydrolysable tannins and other polyphenols were characterized. Furthermore, an exhaustive review of the scientific literature on pomegranate seeds on biomedicine and pharmacotherapy was carried out. Indeed, both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated how pomegranate seeds possess antioxidant, anti- cardiovascular diseases, anti-osteoporosis, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. The present review describes a recent tendency in research focusing on the chemical and biomedical features of the pomegranate seeds to value them as natural additives or active compounds for first-order diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Fourati
- Laboratory of Microbial, Enzymatic Biotechnology and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax-Tunisia, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P. O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Slim Smaoui
- Laboratory of Microbial, Enzymatic Biotechnology and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax-Tunisia, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P. O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Hajer Ben Hlima
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khaoula Elhadef
- Laboratory of Microbial, Enzymatic Biotechnology and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax-Tunisia, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P. O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Ben Braïek
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances (LR99ES27), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Karim Ennouri
- Laboratory of Amelioration and Protection of Olive Genetic Resources, Olive Tree Institute, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Chakchouk Mtibaa
- Laboratory of Microbial, Enzymatic Biotechnology and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax-Tunisia, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P. O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Mellouli
- Laboratory of Microbial, Enzymatic Biotechnology and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax-Tunisia, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P. O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
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Chemometric multivariate analyses of phenolics and biological activities for characterization and discrimination of Tunisian Ephedra alata. Eur Food Res Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-020-03506-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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Combined Effect of Spirulina Platensis and Punica Granatum Peel Extacts: Phytochemical Content and Antiphytophatogenic Activity. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9245475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Biological control is one of the effective methods for managing plant diseases in food production and quality. In fact, there is a growing trend to find new bio-sources, such as marine algae and vegetal by-products. In this study, pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel (S1) and Spirulina platensis (S2) alone and in combinations, pomegranate peel/Spirulina: 25%/75% (S3) and 50%/50% (S4) were evaluated for antimycotoxigenic and antiphytopathogenic fungal properties. The chemical composition (moisture, dry matter, protein, lipid and ash) as well as total polyphenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins content were evaluated in the four extracts. Using agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods, the anti Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium graminearum, Aspergillus niger and Alternaria alternata activities were measured and their correlations with phytochemical content were evaluated. Interestingly, combinations between Spirulina at 75% and pomegranate peel at 25% (S3) have a significant impact (p < 0.05) on the antifungal activity compared to S1, S2 and S4. These findings underlie the effectiveness of biocontrols over standard fungicides and imply that existing methods can be further improved by synergistic effects while maintaining food safety in an eco-friendly manner.
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