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Habashy NH, Abu-Serie MM. Attenuation of carbon tetrachloride-induced nephrotoxicity by gum Arabic extract via modulating cellular redox state, NF-κB pathway, and KIM-1. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116340. [PMID: 38428308 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the ameliorating impact of GA water extract (GAE) on CCl4-induced nephrotoxicity in renal cells and tissue by comparing its effectiveness with the Ketosteril (Ks) drug in restoring oxidative stress and necroinflammation. The cell morphology, necrosis, and redox state were evaluated in Vero cells. The influence of GAE on CCl4-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and necrosis was examined in rats. The predicted inhibitory mechanism of GAE phenolic constituents against COX-2 and iNOS was also studied. The results revealed that GAE contains crucial types of phenolic acids, which are associated with its antiradical activities. GAE improved CCl4-induced Vero cell damage and restored renal architecture damage, total antioxidant capacity, ROS, TBARS, NO, GSH, GPX, SOD, and MPO in rats. GAE downregulated the gene expression of renal NF-κB, TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2, as well as kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in rats. The GAE improved blood urea, creatinine, cholesterol, and reducing power. The computational analysis revealed the competitive inhibitory mechanism of selected phenolic composites of GAE on COX-2 and iNOS activities. The GAE exhibited higher potency than Ks in most of the studied parameters, as observed by the heatmap plots. Thus, GAE is a promising extract for the treatment of kidney toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha H Habashy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering, and Biotechnology Research Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt.
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Liu Y, Wu J, Tan L, Li Z, Gao P, He S, Wang Q, Tang D, Wang C, Wang F, Li P, Liu J. (-)-Syringaresinol attenuates ulcerative colitis by improving intestinal epithelial barrier function and inhibiting inflammatory responses. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 124:155292. [PMID: 38190784 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND (-)-Syringaresinol (SYR), a natural lignan with significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, possesses various pharmacological benefits including cardio-protective, antibacterial, anticancer, and anti-aging effects. It was shown that the effectiveness of (+)-syringaresinol diglucoside on the ulcerative colitis (UC) was attributed to the active metabolite (+)-syringaresinol (the enantiomor of SYR). However, the efficacy of SYR against UC remains unclear, and the associated molecular mechanism has not been revealed yet PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the protective effect of SYR in UC and its underlying mechanism STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We examined SYR's protective impact on the intestinal epithelial barrier and its ability to inhibit inflammatory responses in both a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Caco-2 cell model and a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC mouse model. We also explored the potential signaling pathways regulated by SYR using transcriptome analysis and western blot assay RESULTS: In Caco-2 cells, SYR significantly increased trans-epithelial electrical resistance, reduced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels, and enhanced cellular tight junction protein expression and distribution. In mice with UC, oral treatment with SYR (10, 20, 40 mg·kg-1) dose-dependently increased body weight, colon length, and expression of tight junction proteins, decreased disease activity index score, spleen coefficient, cytokine serum levels, bacterial translocation, and intestinal damage, and also preserved the ultrastructure of colonic mucosal cells. Transcriptomics indicated that the anti-UC effect of SYR is mediated via the PI3K-Akt/MAPK/Wnt signaling pathway. CONCLUSION In summary, SYR effectively mitigated the development of UC by enhancing the intestinal epithelial barrier function and attenuating the inflammatory response. The plant-derived product SYR might be a potentially effective therapeutical agent against UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Junzhe Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Luying Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Zhuoqiao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Peng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Shanmei He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Qianyun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Daohao Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Cuizhu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China; Research Center of Natural Drugs, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Pingya Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China; Research Center of Natural Drugs, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China; Research Center of Natural Drugs, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Skaperda Z, Tekos F, Vardakas P, Nechalioti PM, Kourti M, Patouna A, Makri S, Gkasdrogka M, Kouretas D. Development of a Holistic In Vitro Cell-Free Approach to Determine the Redox Bioactivity of Agricultural Products. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16447. [PMID: 38003634 PMCID: PMC10671064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a strong consumer demand for food products that provide nutritional benefits to human health. Therefore, the assessment of the biological activity is considered as an important parameter for the promotion of high-quality food products. Herein, we introduce a novel methodology comprising a complete set of in vitro cell-free screening techniques for the evaluation of the bioactivity of various food products on the basis of their antioxidant capacity. These assays examine the free radical scavenging activities, the reducing properties, and the protective ability against oxidative damage to biomolecules. The adoption of the proposed battery of antioxidant assays is anticipated to contribute to the holistic characterization of the bioactivity of the food product under examination. Consumer motivations and expectations with respect to nutritious food products with bio-functional properties drive the global food market toward food certification. Therefore, the development and application of scientific methodologies that examine the quality characteristics of food products could increase consumers' trust and promote their beneficial properties for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (Z.S.); (F.T.); (P.V.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (S.M.); (M.G.)
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Ortiz-Arrabal O, Bermejo-Casares F, Garzón I, Mesa-García MD, Gómez-Llorente C, Alaminos M. Optimization of human skin keratinocyte culture protocols using bioactive molecules derived from olive oil. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:115000. [PMID: 37301136 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin damage due to severe burns can compromise patient life. Current tissue engineering methods allow the generation of human skin substitutes for clinical use. However, this process is time-consuming, as the keratinocytes required to generate artificial skin have a low proliferation rate in culture. In this study, we evaluated the pro-proliferative effects of three natural biomolecules isolated from olive oil: phenolic extract (PE), DL-3,4-dihydroxyphenyl glycol (DHFG), and oleuropein (OLP), on cultured human skin keratinocytes. The results showed that PE and OLP increased the proliferation of immortalized human skin keratinocytes, especially at concentrations of 10 and 5 µg/mL, respectively, without altering cell viability. In contrast, DHFG did not produce a significant improvement in keratinocyte proliferation. In normal human skin keratinocytes obtained from skin biopsies, we found that PE, but not OLP, could increase the number of keratinocyte colonies and the area occupied by these cells. Furthermore, this effect was associated with increased KI-67 and Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene expression. Thus, we propose that PE positively affects keratinocyte proliferation and could be used in culture protocols to improve bioartificial skin generation by tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olimpia Ortiz-Arrabal
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada E18016, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada E18012, Spain; Doctoral Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Granada, Granada E18071, Spain
| | - Fabiola Bermejo-Casares
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada E18016, Spain
| | - Ingrid Garzón
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada E18016, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada E18012, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Mesa-García
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada E18012, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, Granada 18100, Spain.
| | - Carolina Gómez-Llorente
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada E18012, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, Granada 18100, Spain.
| | - Miguel Alaminos
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada E18016, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada E18012, Spain.
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Antioxidant and DNA-Protective Activity of an Extract Originated from Kalamon Olives Debittering. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020333. [PMID: 36829892 PMCID: PMC9952268 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Table olives are a major component of the Mediterranean diet and are associated with many beneficial biological activities, which are mainly related to their phenolic compounds. Olive fruit debittering process defines the quantitative and qualitative composition of table olives in biophenols. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant capacity and DNA-protective activity of an extract originated from brine samples, according to the Greek style debbitering process of Kalamon olive fruits. The main phenolic components determined in the brine extract were hydroxytyrosol (HT), verbascoside (VERB) and tyrosol (T). The in vitro cell-free assays showed strong radical scavenging capacity from the extract, therefore antioxidant potential. At cellular level, human endothelial cells (EA.hy296) and murine myoblasts (C2C12) were treated with non-cytotoxic concentrations of the brine extract and the redox status was assessed by measuring glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation levels (TBARS). Our results show cell type specific response, exerting a hormetic reflection at endothelial cells. Finally, in both cell lines, pre-treatment with brine extract protected from H2O2-induced DNA damage. In conclusion, this is the first holistic approach highlighted table olive wastewaters from Kalamon- Greek style debittering process, as valuable source of bioactive compounds, which could have interesting implications for the development of new products in food or other industries.
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Direct In Vitro Comparison of the Anti-Leishmanial Activity of Different Olive Oil Total Polyphenolic Fractions and Assessment of Their Combined Effects with Miltefosine. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196176. [PMID: 36234713 PMCID: PMC9571123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioactive compounds present in the edible products of the olive tree have been extensively studied and their favorable effects on various disease risk factors have been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of the anti-leishmanial effects of total phenolic fractions (TPFs) derived from extra virgin olive oil with different phenolic contents and diverse quantitative patterns. Moreover, the present study investigated their association with miltefosine, a standard anti-leishmanial drug, against both extracellular promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of a viscerotropic and a dermotropic Leishmania strain. The chemical compositions of TPFs were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Analysis of parasite growth kinetics, reactive oxygen species production and apoptotic events were determined by microscopy and flow cytometry. Our results revealed that the presence of oleacein (OLEA) and oleocanthal (OLEO) secoiridoids enhances the anti-leishmanial effect of TPF. The association between TPFs and miltefosine was suggested as being additive in Leishmania infantum and Leishmania major promastigotes, and as antagonistic in intracellular amastigotes, as was evaluated with the modified isobologram method. The obtained data verified that TPFs are bioactive dietary extracts with a strong anti-leishmanial activity and highlighted that fractions that are richer in OLEA and OLEO phenolic compounds possess stronger inhibitory effects against parasites. This study may contribute to improving the therapeutic approaches against leishmaniasis.
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Olive Oil Improves While Trans Fatty Acids Further Aggravate the Hypomethylation of LINE-1 Retrotransposon DNA in an Environmental Carcinogen Model. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040908. [PMID: 35215560 PMCID: PMC8878525 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that is crucial for mammalian development and genomic stability. Aberrant DNA methylation changes have been detected not only in malignant tumor tissues; the decrease of global DNA methylation levels is also characteristic for aging. The consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) as part of a balanced diet shows preventive effects against age-related diseases and cancer. On the other hand, consuming trans fatty acids (TFA) increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases as well as cancer. The aim of the study was to investigate the LINE-1 retrotransposon (L1-RTP) DNA methylation pattern in liver, kidney, and spleen of mice as a marker of genetic instability. For that, mice were fed with EVOO or TFA and were pretreated with environmental carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-a harmful substance known to cause L1-RTP DNA hypomethylation. Our results show that DMBA and its combination with TFA caused significant L1-RTP DNA hypomethylation compared to the control group via inhibition of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzymes. EVOO had the opposite effect by significantly decreasing DMBA and DMBA + TFA-induced hypomethylation, thereby counteracting their effects.
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Ly TTG, Yun J, Lee DH, Chung JS, Kwon SM. Protective Effects and Benefits of Olive Oil and Its Extracts on Women's Health. Nutrients 2021; 13:4279. [PMID: 34959830 PMCID: PMC8705829 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Women and men share similar diseases; however, women have unique issues, including gynecologic diseases and diseases related to menstruation, menopause, and post menopause. In recent decades, scientists paid more attention to natural products and their derivatives because of their good tolerability and effectiveness in disease prevention and treatment. Olive oil is an essential component in the Mediterranean diet, a diet well known for its protective impact on human well-being. Investigation of the active components in olive oil, such as oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, showed positive effects in various diseases. Their effects have been clarified in many suggested mechanisms and have shown promising results in animal and human studies, especially in breast cancer, ovarian cancer, postmenopausal osteoporosis, and other disorders. This review summarizes the current evidence of the role of olives and olive polyphenols in women's health issues and their potential implications in the treatment and prevention of health problems in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Truong Giang Ly
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (T.T.G.L.); (J.Y.)
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Jisoo Yun
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (T.T.G.L.); (J.Y.)
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyung Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Joo-Seop Chung
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Sang-Mo Kwon
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (T.T.G.L.); (J.Y.)
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
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Abu-Serie MM, Hamouda AF, Habashy NH. Acacia senegal gum attenuates systemic toxicity in CCl 4-intoxicated rats via regulation of the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20316. [PMID: 34645930 PMCID: PMC8514504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99953-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acacia senegal (AS) gum (Gum Arabic) is a natural emulsifier exudate from the branches and trunk of Acacia trees and it is recognized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) agency as a secure dietary fiber. The present research evaluated the systemic oxidative and necroinflammatory stress induced by CCl4 administration and the alleviating effect of AS gum aqueous extract (ASE, 7.5 g/Kg b.w.). The results demonstrated the presence of certain phenolic compounds in ASE, as well as its in vitro potent scavenging ability against ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), NO, and lipid peroxide radicals. Also, the outcomes revealed an improvement in the CCl4-induced liver, lung, brain, and spleen toxicity by reducing the levels of ROS, lipid peroxidation, NO, and the gene expression of NF-κB and its relevant ROS-mediated inflammatory genes. In contrast, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), as well as the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, were significantly upregulated in these organs after the treatment with ASE. These results were confirmed by improving the morphological features of each organ. Therefore, ASE can ameliorate the systemic toxicity caused by CCl4 via regulation of the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway in the rat organs, which is owed to its phytochemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering, and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F Hamouda
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Noha H Habashy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
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Tekos F, Makri S, Skaperda ZV, Patouna A, Terizi K, Kyriazis ID, Kotseridis Y, Mikropoulou EV, Papaefstathiou G, Halabalaki M, Demetrios K. Assessment of Antioxidant and Antimutagenic Properties of Red and White Wine Extracts In Vitro. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11070436. [PMID: 34357330 PMCID: PMC8304343 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11070436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Wine is an alcoholic beverage of complex composition obtained through the fermentation of grape must. The consumption of wine has already been associated with a multitude of beneficial effects due to its high polyphenolic content. In this study, four Greek emblematic wines from two red (i.e., Xinomavro and Agiorgitiko) and two white (i.e., Assyrtiko and Malagouzia) varieties were analyzed for the estimation of their antioxidant profiles. To address this question, we assessed their ability to scavenge both synthetic and endogenous free radicals, such as DPPH•, ABTS+•, OH•, O2−, their potential reducing power, and their antimutagenic and antigenotoxic properties. All varieties exhibited potent antioxidant activity, as indicated by the results of methods above, with the red wines appearing more effective than the white ones regarding antioxidant capacity. Our small-scale study is the first to reveal that these wine varieties may have the ability to scavenge the most reactive endogenous radicals. In the future, this finding must be accompanied by larger studies to fill a knowledge gap in the scientific literature concerning a holistic approach of the in vitro antioxidant action of plant polyphenolic compounds. Conclusively, we believe that wines possess high bioactivity that allow them to settle in the industry of food additives and medicinal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotios Tekos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (F.T.); (S.M.); (Z.-V.S.); (A.P.); (K.T.); (I.D.K.)
| | - Sotiria Makri
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (F.T.); (S.M.); (Z.-V.S.); (A.P.); (K.T.); (I.D.K.)
| | - Zoi-Vasiliki Skaperda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (F.T.); (S.M.); (Z.-V.S.); (A.P.); (K.T.); (I.D.K.)
| | - Anastasia Patouna
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (F.T.); (S.M.); (Z.-V.S.); (A.P.); (K.T.); (I.D.K.)
| | - Kallirroi Terizi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (F.T.); (S.M.); (Z.-V.S.); (A.P.); (K.T.); (I.D.K.)
| | - Ioannis D. Kyriazis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (F.T.); (S.M.); (Z.-V.S.); (A.P.); (K.T.); (I.D.K.)
| | - Yorgos Kotseridis
- Laboratory of Oenology, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Eleni Vaskani Mikropoulou
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (E.V.M.); (G.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Georgios Papaefstathiou
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (E.V.M.); (G.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (E.V.M.); (G.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Kouretas Demetrios
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (F.T.); (S.M.); (Z.-V.S.); (A.P.); (K.T.); (I.D.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-241-0565-277; Fax: +30-241-0565-293
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Makri S, Raftopoulou S, Kafantaris I, Kotsampasi B, Christodoulou V, Nepka C, Veskoukis AS, Kouretas D. Biofunctional Feed Supplemented With By-products of Olive Oil Production Improves Tissue Antioxidant Profile of Lambs. In Vivo 2021; 34:1811-1821. [PMID: 32606151 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Olive mill wastewater (OMW) is a byproduct of olive oil production. The aim of the study was to estimate the redox profile of lambs' vital organs after consumption of an OMW-supplemented feed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four lambs received breast milk until day 15. Then, they were divided in two groups: control and OMW, n=12 each. The control group received standard ration, while the OMW group received OMW enriched feed along with mother's milk until day 42 and animals (n=6 per group) were sacrificed. The remaining 12 received the feeds until day 70 and sacrificed. Tissue samples were collected at day 42 and 70 and specific redox biomarkers were assessed. RESULTS Overall, the OMW feed improved tissue redox profile by affecting the glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and γ-glutamate-cysteine ligase (γ-GCL) expression in all tested tissues. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was not affected. CONCLUSION The polyphenol-rich byproduct reinforced lamb redox profile and may putatively improve their wellness and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiria Makri
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sofia Raftopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kafantaris
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Basiliki Kotsampasi
- Research Institute of Animal Science/Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Giannitsa, Greece
| | - Vladimiros Christodoulou
- Research Institute of Animal Science/Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Giannitsa, Greece
| | - Charitini Nepka
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis S Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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In vivo effects of olive oil and trans-fatty acids on miR-134, miR-132, miR-124-1, miR-9-3 and mTORC1 gene expression in a DMBA-treated mouse model. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246022. [PMID: 33539381 PMCID: PMC7861522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Both the intake of beneficial olive oil and of harmful trans-fatty acids (TFAs) in consumed foods are of great significance in tumor biology. In our present study we examined the effects they exert on the expression patterns of miR-134, miR-132, miR-124-1, miR-9-3 and mTOR in the liver, spleen and kidney of mice treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz [a] anthracene (DMBA). Feeding of TFA-containing diet significantly increased the expression of all studied miRs and mTORC1 in all organs examined, except the expression of mTORC1 in the spleen and kidney. Diet containing olive oil significantly reduced the expression of miR-124-1, miR-9-3 and mTORC1 in the liver and spleen. In the kidney, apart from the mTORC1 gene, the expression of all miRs examined significantly decreased compared to the DMBA control. According to our results, the cell membrane protective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of olive oil and the cell membrane damaging, inflammatory, and carcinogenic properties of TFA suggest negative feedback regulatory mechanisms. In contrast to our expectations, mTORC1 gene expression in the kidney has not been shown to be an appropriate biomarker-presumably, because the many complex effects that regulate mTOR expression may quench each other.
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13
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Mollace V, Rosano GMC, Anker SD, Coats AJS, Seferovic P, Mollace R, Tavernese A, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Carresi C, Maiuolo J, Macrì R, Bosco F, Chiocchi M, Romeo F, Metra M, Volterrani M. Pathophysiological Basis for Nutraceutical Supplementation in Heart Failure: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010257. [PMID: 33477388 PMCID: PMC7829856 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is evidence demonstrating that heart failure (HF) occurs in 1–2% of the global population and is often accompanied by comorbidities which contribute to increasing the prevalence of the disease, the rate of hospitalization and the mortality. Although recent advances in both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches have led to a significant improvement in clinical outcomes in patients affected by HF, residual unmet needs remain, mostly related to the occurrence of poorly defined strategies in the early stages of myocardial dysfunction. Nutritional support in patients developing HF and nutraceutical supplementation have recently been shown to possibly contribute to protection of the failing myocardium, although their place in the treatment of HF requires further assessment, in order to find better therapeutic solutions. In this context, the Optimal Nutraceutical Supplementation in Heart Failure (ONUS-HF) working group aimed to assess the optimal nutraceutical approach to HF in the early phases of the disease, in order to counteract selected pathways that are imbalanced in the failing myocardium. In particular, we reviewed several of the most relevant pathophysiological and molecular changes occurring during the early stages of myocardial dysfunction. These include mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic reticulum stress, insufficient nitric oxide (NO) release, impaired cardiac stem cell mobilization and an imbalanced regulation of metalloproteinases. Moreover, we reviewed the potential of the nutraceutical supplementation of several natural products, such as coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a grape seed extract, Olea Europea L.-related antioxidants, a sodium–glucose cotransporter (SGLT2) inhibitor-rich apple extract and a bergamot polyphenolic fraction, in addition to their support in cardiomyocyte protection, in HF. Such an approach should contribute to optimising the use of nutraceuticals in HF, and the effect needs to be confirmed by means of more targeted clinical trials exploring the efficacy and safety of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Giuseppe M. C. Rosano
- Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, St George’s Hospitals NHS Trust University of London, London SW17 0QT, UK;
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00166 Rome, Italy; (A.J.S.C.); (M.V.)
| | - Stefan D. Anker
- Department of Cardiology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Andrew J. S. Coats
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00166 Rome, Italy; (A.J.S.C.); (M.V.)
| | - Petar Seferovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade University, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.B.)
- Department of Experimental and Applied Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Annamaria Tavernese
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.B.)
- Department of Experimental and Applied Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Marcello Chiocchi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00199 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00199 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marco Metra
- Department of Experimental and Applied Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Volterrani
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00166 Rome, Italy; (A.J.S.C.); (M.V.)
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14
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Antioxidant Efficacy of Olive By-Product Extracts in Human Colon HCT8 Cells. Foods 2020; 10:foods10010011. [PMID: 33374501 PMCID: PMC7822158 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of olive oil is accompanied by the generation of a huge amount of waste and by-products including olive leaves, pomace, and wastewater. The latter represents a relevant environmental issue because they contain certain phytotoxic compounds that may need specific treatments before the expensive disposal. Therefore, reducing waste biomass and valorizing by-products would make olive oil production more sustainable. Here, we explore the biological actions of extracts deriving from olive by-products including olive pomace (OP), olive wastewater (OWW), and olive leaf (OLs) in human colorectal carcinoma HCT8 cells. Interestingly, with the same phenolic concentration, the extract obtained from the OWW showed higher antioxidant ability compared with the extracts derived from OP and OLs. These biological effects may be related to the differential phenolic composition of the extracts, as OWW extract contains the highest amount of hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol that are potent antioxidant compounds. Furthermore, OP extract that contains a higher level of vanillic acid than the other extracts displayed a cytotoxic action at the highest concentration. Together these findings revealed that phenols in the by-product extracts may interfere with signaling molecules that cross-link several intracellular pathways, raising the possibility to use them for beneficial health effects.
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15
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Zakaria ZA, Kamisan FH, Kek TL, Salleh MZ. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Dicranopteris linearis leaf extract against paracetamol-induced liver intoxication in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:478-489. [PMID: 32476526 PMCID: PMC7336992 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1764058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Context: Dicranopteris linearis L. (Gleicheniaceae) leaves have been reported to exert hepatoprotective activity.Objective: The hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of ethyl acetate partition of D. linearis (EADL) are investigated.Materials and methods: EADL was subjected to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory studies, and phytochemical analyses. In vivo study involved six groups (n = 6) of overnight fasted Sprague Dawley rats. The test solutions [10% DMSO (normal), 10% DMSO (negative), 200 mg/kg silymarin (positive) or EADL (50, 250 or 500 mg/kg)] were administered orally once daily for 7 consecutive days followed by oral vehicle (only for normal) or hepatotoxic induction using 3 g/kg paracetamol (PCM).Results: EADL exerted ≈ 90% radical scavenging effects based on the DPPH and superoxide anion radical scavenging assays, high antioxidant capacity in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay (≈ 555,000 units), high total phenolic content (≈ 350 mg GAE/100 g extract) (p < 0.05), but low anti-inflammatory effect. EADL also attenuated PCM-induced liver intoxication as indicated by reduced level of serum liver enzymes; increased activity of endogenous enzymatic antioxidant (superoxide dismutase - 8.3 vs. 4.0 U/g tissue; catalase - 119 vs. 52 U/g tissue) and; reduced level of lipid peroxidation marker (2.7 vs. 5.0 µM). Preliminary screening of EADL revealed the presence of saponins, tannins and flavonoids with further HPLC analysis demonstrating the presence of rutin and quercetin.Discussion and conclusion: EADL exerted hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities; thus, these data support the potential use of D. linearis as a new source for future hepatoprotective drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
- CONTACT Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria , Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Farah Hidayah Kamisan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Teh Lay Kek
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd. Zaki Salleh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
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16
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Li G, Yang L, Feng L, Yang J, Li Y, An J, Li D, Xu Y, Gao Y, Li J, Liu J, Yang L, Qi Z. Syringaresinol Protects against Type 1 Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Alleviating Inflammation Responses, Cardiac Fibrosis, and Oxidative Stress. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000231. [PMID: 32729956 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Syringaresinol (SYR) is a phenolic compound, which could be found in various cereals and medicinal plants. It exerts both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pharmacological properties. However, little is known about the effect of SYR on modulating diabetic cardiomyopathy. The present study aimed to investigate the pharmacodynamic effect of SYR on diabetic cardiomyopathy and the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS In STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice, orally administration with SYR in every other day for 8 weeks significantly improves cardiac dysfunction and preventes cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. The macrophage infiltration and oxidative stress biomarkers are also suppressed by SYR without affecting hyperglycemia and body weight. In neonatal cardiomyocytes, high glucose-induced cell apoptosis and fibrosis are potently decreased by SYR, and the inflammatory response and oxidant stress are also alleviated by SYR incubation. Mechanistically, SYR may exert protective effects by restoring suppression of antioxidant kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) system and abnormal activation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad) signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION The results indicated that SYR could be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress. The signaling pathway of Keap1/Nrf2 and TGF-β/Smad could be used as therapeutic targets for diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangru Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Lifeng Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jiu Yang
- Clinical laboratory, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300197, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jiale An
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dihua Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhi Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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17
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Franconi F, Campesi I, Romani A. Is Extra Virgin Olive Oil an Ally for Women's and Men's Cardiovascular Health? Cardiovasc Ther 2020; 2020:6719301. [PMID: 32454893 PMCID: PMC7212338 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6719301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases are long-lasting and slowly progressive and are the leading causes of death and disability. They include cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) that are rising worldwide, with CVD being the leading cause of death in developed countries. Thus, there is a need to find new preventive and therapeutic approaches. Polyphenols seem to have cardioprotective properties; among them, polyphenols and/or minor polar compounds of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) are attracting special interest. In consideration of numerous sex differences present in CVD and DM, in this narrative review, we applied "gender glasses." Globally, it emerges that olive oil and its derivatives exert some anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, modulate glucose metabolism, and ameliorate endothelial dysfunction. However, as in prescription drugs, also in this case there is an important gender bias because the majority of the preclinical studies are performed on male animals, and the sex of donors of cells is not often known; thus a sex/gender bias characterizes preclinical research. There are numerous clinical studies that seem to suggest the benefits of EVOO and its derivatives in CVD; however, these studies have numerous limitations, presenting also a considerable heterogeneity across the interventions. Among limitations, one of the most relevant in the era of personalized medicine, is the non-attention versus women that are few and, also when they are enrolled, sex analysis is lacking. Therefore, in our opinion, it is time to perform more long, extensive and lessheterogeneous trials enrolling both women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Franconi
- Laboratorio Nazionale sulla Farmacologia e Medicina di Genere, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture Biosistemi, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Campesi
- Laboratorio Nazionale sulla Farmacologia e Medicina di Genere, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture Biosistemi, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Romani
- Laboratorio PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement Technology and Analysis), DiSIA Università Degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Laboratorio di Qualità Delle Merci e Affidabilità di Prodotto, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, 59100 Florence, Italy
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18
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Kouka P, Tekos F, Papoutsaki Z, Stathopoulos P, Halabalaki M, Tsantarliotou M, Zervos I, Nepka C, Liesivuori J, Rakitskii VN, Tsatsakis A, Veskoukis AS, Kouretas D. Olive oil with high polyphenolic content induces both beneficial and harmful alterations on rat redox status depending on the tissue. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:421-432. [PMID: 32140426 PMCID: PMC7052070 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive oil (OO) possesses a predominant role in the diet of Mediterranean countries. According to a health claim approved by the European Food Safety Authority, OO protects against oxidative stress‑induced lipid peroxidation in human blood, when it contains at least 5 mg of hydroxytyrosol and its derivatives per 20 g. However, studies regarding the effects of a total OO biophenols on redox status in vivo are scarce and either observational and do not provide a holistic picture of their action in tissues. Following a series of in vitro screening tests an OO containing biophenols at 800 mg/kg of OO was administered for 14 days to male Wistar rats at a dose corresponding to 20 g OO/per day to humans. Our results showed that OO reinforced the antioxidant profile of blood, brain, muscle and small intestine, it induced oxidative stress in spleen, pancreas, liver and heart, whereas no distinct effects were observed in lung, colon and kidney. The seemingly negative effects of OO follow the recently formulated idea in toxicology, namely the real life exposure scenario. This study reports that OO, although considered a nutritional source rich in antioxidants, it exerts a tissues specific action when administered in vivo.
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Key Words
- Biophenols
- Blood
- CARB, protein carbonyls
- CAT, catalase
- GSH, glutathione
- HT, hydroxytyrosol
- OLEA, oleacein
- OLEO, oleocanthal
- OO, olive oil
- Olive oil
- Real life exposure scenario
- Redox status
- T, tyrosol
- TAC, total antioxidant capacity
- TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
- Tissues
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Kouka
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Fotios Tekos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Zoi Papoutsaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Stathopoulos
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Tsantarliotou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Zervos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charitini Nepka
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Larissa, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Valerii N. Rakitskii
- Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, F.F. Erisman, 2, Semashko Street, Mytishchi, Moscow Region 141014, Russia
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Aristidis S. Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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