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Kim JH, Hwang KH, Kim SH, Kim HJ, Kim JM, Lee MY, Cha SK, Lee J. Particulate Matter-Induced Neurotoxicity: Unveiling the Role of NOX4-Mediated ROS Production and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neuronal Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6116. [PMID: 38892302 PMCID: PMC11172693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Urban air pollution, a significant environmental hazard, is linked to adverse health outcomes and increased mortality across various diseases. This study investigates the neurotoxic effects of particulate matter (PM), specifically PM2.5 and PM10, by examining their role in inducing oxidative stress and subsequent neuronal cell death. We highlight the novel finding that PM increases mitochondrial ROS production via stimulating NOX4 activity, not through its expression level in Neuro-2A cells. Additionally, PMs provoke ROS production via increasing the expression and activity of NOX2 in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, implying differential regulation of NOX proteins. This increase in mitochondrial ROS triggers the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), leading to apoptosis through key mediators, including caspase3, BAX, and Bcl2. Notably, the voltage-dependent anion-selective channel 1 (VDAC1) increases at 1 µg/mL of PM2.5, while PM10 triggers an increase from 10 µg/mL. At the same concentration (100 µg/mL), PM2.5 causes 1.4 times higher ROS production and 2.4 times higher NOX4 activity than PM10. The cytotoxic effects induced by PMs were alleviated by NOX inhibitors GKT137831 and Apocynin. In SH-SY5Y cells, both PM types increase ROS and NOX2 levels, leading to cell death, which Apocynin rescues. Variability in NADPH oxidase sources underscores the complexity of PM-induced neurotoxicity. Our findings highlight NOX4-driven ROS and mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for mitigating PM-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hee Kim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si 31538, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kyu-Hee Hwang
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
- Mitohormesis Research Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Heon Kim
- Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hi-Ju Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si 31538, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.K.); (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Mi-Young Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si 31538, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.K.); (M.-Y.L.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Kuy Cha
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
- Mitohormesis Research Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea;
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Pecchillo Cimmino T, Punziano C, Panico I, Petrone Z, Cassese M, Faraonio R, Barresi V, Esposito G, Ammendola R, Cattaneo F. Formyl-Peptide Receptor 2 Signaling Modulates SLC7A11/xCT Expression and Activity in Tumor Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:552. [PMID: 38790657 PMCID: PMC11118824 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit high levels of oxidative stress and consequently require a high amount of cysteine for glutathione synthesis. Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11 (SLC7A11), or xCT, mediates the cellular uptake of cystine in exchange for intracellular glutamate; imported extracellular cystine is reduced to cysteine in the cytosol through a NADPH-consuming reduction reaction. SLC7A11/xCT expression is under the control of stress-inducing conditions and of several transcription factors, such as NRF2 and ATF4. Formyl-peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) belongs to the FPR family, which transduces chemotactic signals mediating either inflammatory or anti-inflammatory responses according to the nature of its ligands and/or FPR2 binding with other FPR isoforms. The repertoire of FPR2 agonists with anti-inflammatory activities comprises WKYMVm peptide and Annexin A1 (ANXA1), and the downstream effects of the intracellular signaling cascades triggered by FPR2 include NADPH oxidase (NOX)-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species. Herein, we demonstrate that stimulation of CaLu-6 cells with either WKYMVm or ANXA1: (i) induces the redox-regulated activation of SLC7A11/xCT; (ii) promotes the synthesis of glutathione; (iii) prevents lipid peroxidation; and (iv) favors NRF2 nuclear translocation and activation. In conclusion, our overall results demonstrate that FPR2 agonists and NOX modulate SLC7A11/xCT expression and activity, thereby identifying a novel regulative pathway of the cystine/glutamate antiport that represents a new potential therapeutical target for the treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Pecchillo Cimmino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (C.P.); (I.P.); (Z.P.); (M.C.); (R.F.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Carolina Punziano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (C.P.); (I.P.); (Z.P.); (M.C.); (R.F.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Iolanda Panico
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (C.P.); (I.P.); (Z.P.); (M.C.); (R.F.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Zeudi Petrone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (C.P.); (I.P.); (Z.P.); (M.C.); (R.F.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Myrhiam Cassese
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (C.P.); (I.P.); (Z.P.); (M.C.); (R.F.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Raffaella Faraonio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (C.P.); (I.P.); (Z.P.); (M.C.); (R.F.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Vincenza Barresi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Gabriella Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (C.P.); (I.P.); (Z.P.); (M.C.); (R.F.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Rosario Ammendola
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (C.P.); (I.P.); (Z.P.); (M.C.); (R.F.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Fabio Cattaneo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (C.P.); (I.P.); (Z.P.); (M.C.); (R.F.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
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Zhangsun Z, Dong Y, Tang J, Jin Z, Lei W, Wang C, Cheng Y, Wang B, Yang Y, Zhao H. FPR1: A critical gatekeeper of the heart and brain. Pharmacol Res 2024; 202:107125. [PMID: 38438091 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are currently the most widely focused drug targets in the clinic, exerting their biological functions by binding to chemicals and activating a series of intracellular signaling pathways. Formyl-peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) has a typical seven-transmembrane structure of GPCRs and can be stimulated by a large number of endogenous or exogenous ligands with different chemical properties, the first of which was identified as formyl-methionine-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF). Through receptor-ligand interactions, FPR1 is involved in inflammatory response, immune cell recruitment, and cellular signaling regulation in key cell types, including neutrophils, neural stem cells (NSCs), and microglia. This review outlines the critical roles of FPR1 in a variety of heart and brain diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI), ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and neurological tumors, with particular emphasis on the milestones of FPR1 agonists and antagonists. Therefore, an in-depth study of FPR1 contributes to the research of innovative biomarkers, therapeutic targets for heart and brain diseases, and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyin Zhangsun
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Airforce Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yushu Dong
- Institute of Neuroscience, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiayou Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Airforce Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenxiao Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Airforce Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Wangrui Lei
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Changyu Wang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Baoying Wang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Huadong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Airforce Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China.
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Pecchillo Cimmino T, Panico I, Scarano S, Stornaiuolo M, Esposito G, Ammendola R, Cattaneo F. Formyl Peptide Receptor 2-Dependent cPLA2 and 5-LOX Activation Requires a Functional NADPH Oxidase. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:220. [PMID: 38397818 PMCID: PMC10886330 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Phospholipases (PL) A2 catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids and mostly generates arachidonic acid (AA). The enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) can metabolize AA to obtain inflammatory leukotrienes, whose biosynthesis highly depends on cPLA2 and 5-LOX activities. Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 (FPR2) belongs to a subfamily of class A GPCRs and is considered the most versatile FPRs isoform. Signaling triggered by FPR2 includes the activation of several downstream kinases and NADPH oxidase (NOX)-dependent ROS generation. In a metabolomic analysis we observed a significant increase in AA concentration in FPR2-stimulated lung cancer cell line CaLu-6. We analyzed cPLA2 phosphorylation and observed a time-dependent increase in cPLA2 Ser505 phosphorylation in FPR2-stimulated cells, which was prevented by the MEK inhibitor (PD098059) and the p38MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) and by blocking NOX function. Similarly, we demonstrated that phosphorylation of 5-LOX at Ser271 and Ser663 residues requires FPR2-dependent p38MAPK and ERKs activation. Moreover, we showed that 5-LOX Ser271 phosphorylation depends on a functional NOX expression. Our overall data demonstrate for the first time that FPR2-induced ERK- and p38MAPK-dependent phosphorylation/activation of cPLA2 and 5-LOX requires a functional NADPH oxidase. These findings represent an important step towards future novel therapeutic possibilities aimed at resolving the inflammatory processes underlying many human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Pecchillo Cimmino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (I.P.); (S.S.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Iolanda Panico
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (I.P.); (S.S.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Simona Scarano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (I.P.); (S.S.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gabriella Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (I.P.); (S.S.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Rosario Ammendola
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (I.P.); (S.S.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Fabio Cattaneo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (T.P.C.); (I.P.); (S.S.); (G.E.); (R.A.)
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Cimmino TP, Pagano E, Stornaiuolo M, Esposito G, Ammendola R, Cattaneo F. Formyl-peptide receptor 2 signalling triggers aerobic metabolism of glucose through Nox2-dependent modulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity. Open Biol 2023; 13:230336. [PMID: 37875162 PMCID: PMC10597678 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The human formyl-peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) is activated by an array of ligands. By phospho-proteomic analysis we proved that FPR2 stimulation induces redox-regulated phosphorylation of many proteins involved in cellular metabolic processes. In this study, we investigated metabolic pathways activated in FPR2-stimulated CaLu-6 cells. The results showed an increased concentration of metabolites involved in glucose metabolism, and an enhanced uptake of glucose mediated by GLUT4, the insulin-regulated member of GLUT family. Accordingly, we observed that FPR2 transactivated IGF-IRβ/IRβ through a molecular mechanism that requires Nox2 activity. Since cancer cells support their metabolism via glycolysis, we analysed glucose oxidation and proved that FPR2 signalling promoted kinase activity of the bifunctional enzyme PFKFB2 through FGFR1/FRS2- and Akt-dependent phosphorylation. Furthermore, FPR2 stimulation induced IGF-IRβ/IRβ-, PI3K/Akt- and Nox-dependent inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, thus preventing the entry of pyruvate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Consequently, we observed an enhanced FGFR-dependent lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and lactate production in FPR2-stimulated cells. As LDH expression is transcriptionally regulated by c-Myc and HIF-1, we demonstrated that FPR2 signalling promoted c-Myc phosphorylation and Nox-dependent HIF-1α stabilization. These results strongly indicate that FPR2-dependent signalling can be explored as a new therapeutic target in treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Pecchillo Cimmino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ester Pagano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Ammendola
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Cattaneo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Törnell A, Lagerström N, Mossberg N, Kiffin R, Farman H, Lycke J, Andersen O, Axelsson M, Hellstrand K, Martner A. CYBA allelic variants are associated with severity and recovery in Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2023; 28:407-414. [PMID: 37288802 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare, acute neuropathy characterized by ascending muscle weakness. Age, axonal GBS variants, and antecedent Campylobacter jejuni infection are associated with severe GBS, but the detailed mechanisms of nerve damage are only partly explored. Pro-inflammatory myeloid cells express NADPH oxidases (NOX) that generate tissue-toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. This study analyzed the impact of variants of the gene encoding the functional NOX subunit CYBA (p22phox ) on acute severity, axonal damage, and recovery in adult GBS patients. METHODS Extracted DNA from 121 patients was genotyped for allelic variation at rs1049254 and rs4673 within CYBA using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Serum neurofilament light chain was quantified by single molecule array. Patients were followed for severity and motor function recovery for up to 13 years. RESULTS CYBA genotypes linked to reduced formation of ROS, i.e. rs1049254/G and rs4673/A, were significantly associated with unassisted ventilation, shorter time to normalization of serum neurofilament light chain and shorter time to regained motor function. Residual disability at follow-up was confined to patients carrying CYBA alleles associated with high formation of ROS. INTERPRETATION These findings implicate NOX-derived ROS in GBS pathophysiology and CYBA alleles as biomarkers of severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Törnell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nina Lagerström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Natalia Mossberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Capio Neuro Center, Carlanderska Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Roberta Kiffin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helen Farman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Lycke
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oluf Andersen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Markus Axelsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Hellstrand
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Martner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Moody TW, Ramos-Alvarez I, Jensen RT. Peptide G-Protein-Coupled Receptors and ErbB Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Cancer. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:957. [PMID: 37508387 PMCID: PMC10376828 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The ErbB RTKs (EGFR, HER2, HER3, and HER4) have been well-studied in cancer. EGFR, HER2, and HER3 stimulate cancer proliferation, principally by activating the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways, resulting in increased cancer cell survival and proliferation. Cancer cells have high densities of the EGFR, HER2, and HER3 causing phosphorylation of tyrosine amino acids on protein substrates and tyrosine amino acids near the C-terminal of the RTKs. After transforming growth factor (TGF) α binds to the EGFR, homodimers or EGFR heterodimers form. HER2 forms heterodimers with the EGFR, HER3, and HER4. The EGFR, HER2, and HER3 are overexpressed in lung cancer patient tumors, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), such as Herceptin against HER2, are used to treat breast cancer patients. Patients with EGFR mutations are treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as gefitinib or osimertinib. Peptide GPCRs, such as NTSR1, are present in many cancers, and neurotensin (NTS) stimulates the growth of cancer cells. Lung cancer proliferation is impaired by SR48692, an NTSR1 antagonist. SR48692 is synergistic with gefitinib at inhibiting lung cancer growth. Adding NTS to lung cancer cells increases the shedding of TGFα, which activates the EGFR, or neuregulin-1, which activates HER3. The transactivation process is impaired by SRC, matrix metalloprotease, and reactive oxygen species inhibitors. While the transactivation process is complicated, it is fast and occurs within minutes after adding NTS to cancer cells. This review emphasizes the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and SR48692 to impair transactivation and cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Moody
- Center for Cancer Training, NCI, and Digestive Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Irene Ramos-Alvarez
- Center for Cancer Training, NCI, and Digestive Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert T Jensen
- Center for Cancer Training, NCI, and Digestive Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Trouvilliez S, Lagadec C, Toillon RA. TrkA Co-Receptors: The Janus Face of TrkA? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071943. [PMID: 37046604 PMCID: PMC10093326 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Larotrectinib and Entrectinib are specific pan-Trk tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2018 for cancers with an NTRK fusion. Despite initial enthusiasm for these compounds, the French agency (HAS) recently reported their lack of efficacy. In addition, primary and secondary resistance to these TKIs has been observed in the absence of other mutations in cancers with an NTRK fusion. Furthermore, when TrkA is overexpressed, it promotes ligand-independent activation, bypassing the TKI. All of these clinical and experimental observations show that genetics does not explain all therapeutic failures. It is therefore necessary to explore new hypotheses to explain these failures. This review summarizes the current status of therapeutic strategies with TrkA inhibitors, focusing on the mechanisms potentially involved in these failures and more specifically on the role of TrkA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Trouvilliez
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, OncoLille Institute, Bvd. du Professeur Jules Leclercq, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Chann Lagadec
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, OncoLille Institute, Bvd. du Professeur Jules Leclercq, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Robert-Alain Toillon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, OncoLille Institute, Bvd. du Professeur Jules Leclercq, F-59000 Lille, France
- GdR2082 APPICOM-«Approche Intégrative Pour Une Compréhension Multi-Échelles de la Fonction des Protéines Membranaires», 75016 Paris, France
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Pecchillo Cimmino T, Ammendola R, Cattaneo F, Esposito G. NOX Dependent ROS Generation and Cell Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032086. [PMID: 36768405 PMCID: PMC9916913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent a group of high reactive molecules with dualistic natures since they can induce cytotoxicity or regulate cellular physiology. Among the ROS, the superoxide anion radical (O2·-) is a key redox signaling molecule prominently generated by the NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzyme family and by the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Notably, altered redox balance and deregulated redox signaling are recognized hallmarks of cancer and are involved in malignant progression and resistance to drugs treatment. Since oxidative stress and metabolism of cancer cells are strictly intertwined, in this review, we focus on the emerging roles of NOX enzymes as important modulators of metabolic reprogramming in cancer. The NOX family includes seven isoforms with different activation mechanisms, widely expressed in several tissues. In particular, we dissect the contribute of NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4 enzymes in the modulation of cellular metabolism and highlight their potential role as a new therapeutic target for tumor metabolism rewiring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Pecchillo Cimmino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Ammendola
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Cattaneo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (G.E.)
| | - Gabriella Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l., 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (G.E.)
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10
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Catapano R, Sepe L, Toscano E, Paolella G, Chiurazzi F, Barbato SP, Bruzzese D, Arianna R, Grosso M, Romano S, Romano MF, Costanzo P, Cesaro E. Biological relevance of ZNF224 expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and its implication IN NF-kB pathway regulation. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1010984. [PMID: 36425656 PMCID: PMC9681601 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1010984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a heterogeneous disease, whose presentation and clinical course are highly variable. Identification of novel prognostic factors may contribute to improving the CLL classification and providing indications for treatment options. The zinc finger protein ZNF224 plays a key role in cell transformation, through the control of apoptotic and survival pathways. In this study, we evaluated the potential application of ZNF224 as a novel marker of CLL progression and therapy responsiveness. To this aim, we analyzed ZNF224 expression levels in B lymphocytes from CLL patients at different stages of the disease and in patients showing different treatment outcomes. The expression of ZNF224 was significantly increased in disease progression and dramatically decreased in patients in complete remission after chemotherapy. Gene expression correlation analysis performed on datasets of CLL patients revealed that ZNF224 expression was well correlated with that of some prognostic and predictive markers. Moreover, bioinformatic analysis coupled ZNF224 to NF-κB pathway, and experimental data demonstrated that RNA interference of ZNF224 reduced the activity of the NF-κB survival pathway in CLL cells. Consistently with a pro-survival role, ZNF224 knockdown raised spontaneous and drug-induced apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CLL patients. Our findings provide evidence for the involvement of ZNF224 in the survival of CLL cells via NF-κB pathway modulation, and also suggest ZNF224 as a prognostic and predictive molecular marker of CLL disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Catapano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Leandra Sepe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Ceinge Advanced Technologies, Naples, Italy
| | - Elvira Toscano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Ceinge Advanced Technologies, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Paolella
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Ceinge Advanced Technologies, Naples, Italy
| | - Federico Chiurazzi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Serafina Patrizia Barbato
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Bruzzese
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Arianna
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Grosso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Ceinge Advanced Technologies, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Romano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Fiammetta Romano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Costanzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Cesaro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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11
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Fioretti T, Zanobio M, Raia M, Errichiello S, Izzo B, Cattaneo F, Ammendola R, Cevenini A, Esposito G. MiR-27a downregulates 14-3-3θ, RUNX1, AF4, and MLL-AF4, crucial drivers of blast transformation in t(4;11) leukemia cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:706-717. [PMID: 35981137 PMCID: PMC9804920 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The chromosomal translocation t(4;11)(q21;q23), a hallmark of an aggressive form of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), encodes mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL)-AF4 oncogenic chimera that triggers aberrant transcription of genes involved in lymphocyte differentiation, including HOXA9 and MEIS1. The scaffold protein 14-3-3θ, which promotes the binding of MLL-AF4 to the HOXA9 promoter, is a target of MiR-27a, a tumor suppressor in different human leukemia cell types. We herein study the role of MiR-27a in the pathogenesis of t(4;11) ALL. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (qPCR) reveals that MiR-27a and 14-3-3θ expression is inversely correlated in t(4;11) ALL cell lines; interestingly, MiR-27a relative expression is significantly lower in patients affected by t(4;11) ALL than in patients affected by the less severe t(12;21) leukemia. In t(4;11) leukemia cells, ectopic expression of MiR-27a decreases protein level of 14-3-3θ and of the key transcription factor RUNX1. We show for the first time that MiR-27a also targets AF4 and MLL-AF4; in agreement, MiR-27a overexpression strongly reduces AF4 and MLL-AF4 protein levels in RS4;11 cells. Consequent to AF4 and MLL-AF4 downregulation, MiR-27a overexpression negatively affects transcription of HOXA9 and MEIS1 in different t(4;11) leukemia cell lines. In agreement, we show through chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments that MiR-27a overexpression impairs the binding of MLL-AF4 to the HOXA9 promoter. Lastly, we found that MiR-27a overexpression decreases viability, proliferation, and clonogenicity of t(4;11) cells, whereas it enhances their apoptotic rate. Overall, our study identifies the first microRNAthat strikes in one hit four crucial drivers of blast transformation in t(4;11) leukemia. Therefore, MiR-27a emerges as a new promising therapeutic target for this aggressive and poorly curable form of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Fioretti
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Franco Salvatore s.c. a r.l.NaplesItaly
| | - Mariateresa Zanobio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly,Precision MedicineUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples, Italy
| | - Maddalena Raia
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Franco Salvatore s.c. a r.l.NaplesItaly
| | - Santa Errichiello
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Franco Salvatore s.c. a r.l.NaplesItaly
| | - Barbara Izzo
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Franco Salvatore s.c. a r.l.NaplesItaly,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Fabio Cattaneo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Rosario Ammendola
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Armando Cevenini
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Franco Salvatore s.c. a r.l.NaplesItaly,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Gabriella Esposito
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Franco Salvatore s.c. a r.l.NaplesItaly,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
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12
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Formyl-Peptide Receptor 2 Signaling Redirects Glucose and Glutamine into Anabolic Pathways in Metabolic Reprogramming of Lung Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091692. [PMID: 36139766 PMCID: PMC9495820 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose and glutamine play a crucial role in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells. Proliferating cells metabolize glucose in the aerobic glycolysis for energy supply, and glucose and glutamine represent the primary sources of carbon atoms for the biosynthesis of nucleotides, amino acids, and lipids. Glutamine is also an important nitrogen donor for the production of nucleotides, amino acids, and nicotinamide. Several membrane receptors strictly control metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells and are considered new potential therapeutic targets. Formyl-peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) belongs to a small family of GPCRs and is implicated in many physiopathological processes. Its stimulation induces, among other things, NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS generation that, in turn, contributes to intracellular signaling. Previously, by phosphoproteomic analysis, we observed that numerous proteins involved in energetic metabolism are uniquely phosphorylated upon FPR2 stimulation. Herein, we investigated the role of FPR2 in cell metabolism, and we observed that the concentrations of several metabolites associated with the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), tricarboxylic acid cycle, nucleotide synthesis, and glutamine metabolism, were significantly enhanced in FPR2-stimulated cells. In particular, we found that the binding of specific FPR2 agonists: (i) promotes NADPH production; (ii) activates the non-oxidative phase of PPP; (iii) induces the expression of the ASCT2 glutamine transporter; (iv) regulates oxidative phosphorylation; and (v) induces the de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides, which requires FPR2-dependent ROS generation.
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13
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Pathania AS, Prathipati P, Murakonda SP, Murakonda AB, Srivastava A, Avadhesh A, Byrareddy SN, Coulter DW, Gupta SC, Challagundla KB. Immune checkpoint molecules in neuroblastoma: A clinical perspective. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:247-258. [PMID: 35787940 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
High-risk neuroblastoma (NB) is challenging to treat with 5-year long-term survival in patients remaining below 50% and low chances of survival after tumor relapse or recurrence. Different strategies are being tested or under evaluation to destroy resistant tumors and improve survival outcomes in NB patients. Immunotherapy, which uses certain parts of a person's immune system to recognize or kill tumor cells, effectively improves patient outcomes in several types of cancer, including NB. One of the immunotherapy strategies is to block immune checkpoint signaling in tumors to increase tumor immunogenicity and anti-tumor immunity. Immune checkpoint proteins put brakes on immune cell functions to regulate immune activation, but this activity is exploited in tumors to evade immune surveillance and attack. Immune checkpoint proteins play an essential role in NB biology and immune escape mechanisms, which makes these tumors immunologically cold. Therapeutic strategies to block immune checkpoint signaling have shown promising outcomes in NB but only in a subset of patients. However, combining immune checkpoint blockade with other therapies, including conjugated antibody-based immunotherapy, radioimmunotherapy, tumor vaccines, or cellular therapies like modified T or natural killer (NK) cells, has shown encouraging results in enhancing anti-tumor immunity in the preclinical setting. An analysis of publicly available dataset using computational tools has unraveled the complexity of multiple cancer including NB. This review comprehensively summarizes the current information on immune checkpoint molecules, their biology, role in immune suppression and tumor development, and novel therapeutic approaches combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with other therapies to combat high-risk NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup S Pathania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Philip Prathipati
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Swati P Murakonda
- Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560032, India
| | - Ajay B Murakonda
- Sree Sai Dental College & Research Institute, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh 532001, India
| | - Ankit Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Avadhesh Avadhesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Siddappa N Byrareddy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Don W Coulter
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India; Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, India.
| | - Kishore B Challagundla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; The Child Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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14
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Törnell A, Kiffin R, Haghighi S, Mossberg N, Andersen O, Hellstrand K, Martner A. Impact of
CYBA
genotypes on severity and progression of multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2022; 29:1457-1464. [PMID: 35073438 PMCID: PMC9303184 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose The NOX2 enzyme of myeloid cells generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that have been implicated in the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to determine the impact of genetic variation within CYBA, which encodes the functional CYBA/p22phox subunit of NOX2, on MS severity and progression. Methods One hundred three MS patients with up to 49 (median = 17) years follow‐up time from first MS diagnosis were genotyped at the single nucleotide polymorphisms rs1049254 and rs4673 within CYBA. Results were matched with disease severity and time to diagnosis of secondary progressive MS (SPMS). NOX2‐mediated formation of ROS was measured by chemiluminescence in blood myeloid cells from healthy donors (n = 55) with defined genotypes at rs1049254 and rs4673. Results The rs1049254/G and rs4673/A CYBA alleles were associated with reduced formation of ROS and were thus defined as low‐ROS alleles. Patients carrying low‐ROS alleles showed reduced multiple sclerosis severity score (p = 0.02, N = 103, linear regression) and delayed onset of SPMS (p = 0.02, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.46, n = 100, log‐rank test). In a cohort examined after 2005, patients carrying low‐ROS CYBA alleles showed >20 years longer time to secondary progression (p = 0.003, HR = 0.29, n = 59, log‐rank test). Conclusions These results implicate NOX2 in MS, in particular for the development of secondary progressive disease, and point toward NOX2‐reductive therapy aiming to delay secondary progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Törnell
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research Department of Infectious Diseases Institute of Biomedicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Roberta Kiffin
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research Department of Infectious Diseases Institute of Biomedicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Sara Haghighi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Medical Specialists Institute of Neurology Motala Hospital Motala Sweden
| | - Natalia Mossberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Sweden
- GHP Neuro Center Carlanderska Hospital Sweden
| | - Oluf Andersen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Hellstrand
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research Department of Infectious Diseases Institute of Biomedicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Anna Martner
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research Department of Infectious Diseases Institute of Biomedicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Sweden
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15
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Fang J, Sheng R, Qin ZH. NADPH Oxidases in the Central Nervous System: Regional and Cellular Localization and the Possible Link to Brain Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:951-973. [PMID: 34293949 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The significant role of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) in signal transduction is mediated by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially in the central nervous system (CNS). The pathogenesis of some neurologic and psychiatric diseases is regulated by ROS, acting as a second messenger or pathogen. Recent Advances: In the CNS, the involvement of Nox-derived ROS has been implicated in the regulation of multiple signals, including cell survival/apoptosis, neuroinflammation, migration, differentiation, proliferation, and synaptic plasticity, as well as the integrity of the blood/brain barrier. In these processes, the intracellular signals mediated by the members of the Nox family vary among different tissues. The present review illuminates the regions and cellular, subcellular localization of Nox isoforms in the brain, the signal transduction, and the role of NOX enzymes in pathophysiology, respectively. Critical Issues: Different signal transduction cascades are coupled to ROS derived from various Nox homologues with varying degrees. Therefore, a critical issue worth noting is the varied role of the homologues of NOX enzymes in different signaling pathways and also they mediate different phenotypes in the diverse pathophysiological condition. This substantiates the effectiveness of selective Nox inhibitors in the CNS. Future Directions: Further investigation to elucidate the role of various homologues of NOX enzymes in acute and chronic brain diseases and signaling mechanisms, and the development of more specific NOX inhibitors for the treatment of CNS disease are urgently needed. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 951-973.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rui Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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16
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Lin H, Zhang X, Wang D, Liu J, Yuan L, Liu J, Wang C, Sun J, Chen J, Li H, Jing S. Anwulignan Ameliorates the Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 378:222-234. [PMID: 34131018 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anwulignan is one of the monomer compounds in the lignans from Schisandra sphenanthera In this study, we observed the effect of anwulignan on intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R) injury in male Sprague-Dawley rats and explored the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that pretreatment with oral anwulignan could significantly increase the mesenteric blood microcirculatory flow velocity; relieve the congestion and pathologic injury of jejunum; enhance the autonomic tension of jejunum smooth muscle and its reactivity to acetylcholine; increase the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and choline acetyltransferase; increase the contents of acetylcholine and glutathione in the serum or jejunal tissue; decrease the activities of myeloperoxidase, protein kinase C, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase; reduce the contents of malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, nicotinamide adenine, reactive oxygen species, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β; increase the expression levels of muscarinic receptor 3, PI3K, phosphorylation protein kinase B, p-GSK3β Ser9, Nrf2, p-Nrf2, heme oxygenase (decycling) 1, and b-cell lymphoma 2 in the jejunal tissue; and decrease the expression levels of p-GSK3β Tyr216, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3, suggesting that anwulignan can ameliorate II/R-induced jejunal tissue injury in rats and that the mechanism may be related to its activating the PI3K/protein kinase B pathway and then regulating the Nrf2/Anti-oxidative Response Element signaling pathway and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins to play antioxidant and antiapoptotic roles. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Anwulignan can significantly reduce jejunal tissue injury and the production of inflammatory factors in rats with intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, improve the antioxidant capacity, and reduce the apoptosis of jejunal tissue, and it has the effect of significantly improving intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, suggesting that anwulignan may be used as a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury or a resource for the development of health food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijiao Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Xinyun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Liwei Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Jiale Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Jinghui Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Jianguang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - He Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Shu Jing
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
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17
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Fioretti T, Cevenini A, Zanobio M, Raia M, Sarnataro D, Cattaneo F, Ammendola R, Esposito G. Nuclear FGFR2 Interacts with the MLL-AF4 Oncogenic Chimera and Positively Regulates HOXA9 Gene Expression in t(4;11) Leukemia Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094623. [PMID: 33924850 PMCID: PMC8124917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromosomal translocation t(4;11) marks an infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with dismal prognosis. This rearrangement leads to the synthesis of the MLL-AF4 chimera, which exerts its oncogenic activity by upregulating transcription of genes involved in hematopoietic differentiation. Crucial for chimera’s aberrant activity is the recruitment of the AF4/ENL/P-TEFb protein complex. Interestingly, a molecular interactor of AF4 is fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2). We herein analyze the role of FGFR2 in the context of leukemia using t(4;11) leukemia cell lines. We revealed the interaction between MLL-AF4 and FGFR2 by immunoprecipitation, western blot, and immunofluorescence experiments; we also tested the effects of FGFR2 knockdown, FGFR2 inhibition, and FGFR2 stimulation on the expression of the main MLL-AF4 target genes, i.e., HOXA9 and MEIS1. Our results show that FGFR2 and MLL-AF4 interact in the nucleus of leukemia cells and that FGFR2 knockdown, which is associated with decreased expression of HOXA9 and MEIS1, impairs the binding of MLL-AF4 to the HOXA9 promoter. We also show that stimulation of leukemia cells with FGF2 increases nuclear level of FGFR2 in its phosphorylated form, as well as HOXA9 and MEIS1 expression. In contrast, preincubation with the ATP-mimetic inhibitor PD173074, before FGF2 stimulation, reduced FGFR2 nuclear amount and HOXA9 and MEIS1 transcript level, thereby indicating that MLL-AF4 aberrant activity depends on the nuclear availability of FGFR2. Overall, our study identifies FGFR2 as a new and promising therapeutic target in t(4;11) leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Fioretti
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies s.c. a r.l., via G. Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy; (T.F.); (A.C.); (M.R.); (D.S.)
| | - Armando Cevenini
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies s.c. a r.l., via G. Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy; (T.F.); (A.C.); (M.R.); (D.S.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Mariateresa Zanobio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Maddalena Raia
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies s.c. a r.l., via G. Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy; (T.F.); (A.C.); (M.R.); (D.S.)
| | - Daniela Sarnataro
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies s.c. a r.l., via G. Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy; (T.F.); (A.C.); (M.R.); (D.S.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Fabio Cattaneo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Rosario Ammendola
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Gabriella Esposito
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies s.c. a r.l., via G. Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy; (T.F.); (A.C.); (M.R.); (D.S.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-0817463146
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DT-diaphorase triggered theranostic nanoparticles induce the self-burst of reactive oxygen species for tumor diagnosis and treatment. Acta Biomater 2021; 125:267-279. [PMID: 33652166 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
On-demand therapy following effective tumor detection would considerably reduce the side effects of traditional chemotherapy. DT-diaphorase (DTD), whose level is strongly elevated in various tumors, is a cytosolic flavoenzyme that promotes intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation via the redox cycling of hydroquinones. Incorporation of the DTD-responsive substrate to the structures of the probe and prodrug may facilitate the tumor detection and therapy. Herein, we established an multifunctional drug delivery nanosystem (HTLAC) that rapidly responds to the DTD enzyme, leads to the early-stage precise detection and termination of tumors. Firstly, the synthesis of DTD-responsive withaferin A (DT-WA) and indocyanine green (DT-Cy5) was performed. In the presence of DTD, WA, which produces ROS in cells, was released from DT-WA, and the red fluorescence of DT-Cy5 was detected for tumor imaging. Additionally, these DTD enzyme reaction processes of DT-WA and DT-Cy5 induced ROS. The self-burst of ROS generation by the two enzyme reaction processes as well as the released WA then led to the apoptosis of tumor cells. To increase the bioavailability and tumor targeting of drugs, cell-penetrating peptide and hyaluronic acid functionalized liposomes were used to encapsulate the drugs. The detailed in vitro and in vivo assays showed that HTLAC achieved enhanced tumor detection and superior antitumor efficiency. According to above outcomes, results showed that HTLAC might provide an efficacious approach for the fabrication of enzyme-triggering nanosystems to detect tumor and induce the self-burst of ROS for an efficient tumor treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We have fabricated a HTLAC nanosystem to address the need of bursting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation within tumor site. Our goal uniquely aims at not only augmentation of ROS-inducing anticancer efficacy, but also to meet the challenges of tumor dynamic detection in the clinical practices. In this work, the DT-diaphorase responsive withaferin A (DT-WA) and indocyanine green (DT-Cy5) are synthesized, and observed more specifically toward DTD under physiological conditions. As the cell-penetrating peptide and hyaluronic acid functionalized liposome, the HTLAC not only induces antiproliferative activity by generating self-burst of ROS, but also effectively accumulate and restore its fluorescence at the tumor site because of the HA actively targeting tumor along with the prolonged presence in blood circulation. Besides, this enzyme-triggering nanosystem exhibited an effective tumor inhibition with a low systemic toxicity.
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Regulation of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Formyl Peptide Receptors in Cardiovascular Disease Progression. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11030243. [PMID: 33804219 PMCID: PMC7998928 DOI: 10.3390/life11030243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most important regulators of cardiac function and are commonly targeted for medical therapeutics. Formyl-Peptide Receptors (FPRs) are members of the GPCR superfamily and play an emerging role in cardiovascular pathologies. FPRs can modulate oxidative stress through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production whose dysregulation has been observed in different cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, many studies are focused on identifying molecular mechanisms of the regulation of ROS production. FPR1, FPR2 and FPR3 belong to the FPRs family and their stimulation triggers phosphorylation of intracellular signaling molecules and nonsignaling proteins that are required for NADPH oxidase activation. Some FPR agonists trigger inflammatory processes, while other ligands activate proresolving or anti-inflammatory pathways, depending on the nature of the ligands. In general, bacterial and mitochondrial formylated peptides activate a proinflammatory cell response through FPR1, while Annexin A1 and Lipoxin A4 are anti-inflammatory FPR2 ligands. FPR2 can also trigger a proinflammatory pathway and the switch between FPR2-mediated pro- and anti-inflammatory cell responses depends on conformational changes of the receptor upon ligand binding. Here we describe the detrimental or beneficial effects of the main FPR agonists and their potential role as new therapeutic and diagnostic targets in the progression of cardiovascular diseases.
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Sisti FM, Dos Santos NAG, do Amaral L, Dos Santos AC. The Neurotrophic-Like Effect of Carvacrol: Perspective for Axonal and Synaptic Regeneration. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:886-896. [PMID: 33666886 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Carvacrol (CARV) is a phytochemical widely used as flavoring, preservative, and fragrance in food and cosmetic industries. CARV is able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and has demonstrated protective potential against neurodegenerative diseases by several mechanisms, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticholinesterase, and antiapoptotic effects. However, it is not known whether CARV is able to modulate axonal and synaptic plasticity, crucial events in cognition, memory, and learning. Abnormalities in axonal and synaptic plasticity, low levels of neurotrophins, and bioenergetic failure have been associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's (PD) and Alzheimer's diseases (ADs). Small lipophilic molecules with neurotrophic activity might be able to restore the axonal and synaptic networks that are lost in neurodegenerative processes. Therefore, this study investigated the neurotrophic potential of CARV in PC12 cell-based neuronal model. Carvacrol induced neurite outgrowth by activating the NGF high-affinity trkA receptor and the downstream PI3K-AKT and MAPK-ERK pathways, without depending on NGF. In addition, CARV increased the expression of proteins involved in neuronal plasticity (β-tubulin III, F-actin, 200-kDa neurofilament, GAP-43 and synapsin-I) and improved bioenergetics (AMPKα, p-AMPKα, and ATP). Our study showed, for the first time, a promising neurotrophic mechanism of CARV that could be beneficial in neurodegenerative and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Malvestio Sisti
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas E Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Neife Aparecida Guinaim Dos Santos
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas E Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Lilian do Amaral
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas E Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Antonio Cardozo Dos Santos
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas E Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil.
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21
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Kilpatrick LE, Hill SJ. Transactivation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs): Recent insights using luminescence and fluorescence technologies. CURRENT OPINION IN ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH 2021; 16:102-112. [PMID: 33748531 PMCID: PMC7960640 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in signalling due to bidirectional transactivation of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCRs) and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are well established. Transactivation significantly diversifies signalling networks within a cell and has been implicated in promoting both advantageous and disadvantageous physiological and pathophysiological outcomes, making the GPCR/RTK interactions attractive new targets for drug discovery programmes. Transactivation has been observed for a plethora of receptor pairings in multiple cell types; however, the precise molecular mechanisms and signalling effectors involved can vary with receptor pairings and cell type. This short review will discuss the recent applications of proximity-based assays, such as resonance energy transfer and fluorescence-based imaging in investigating the dynamics of GPCR/RTK complex formation, subsequent effector protein recruitment and the cellular locations of complexes in living cells.
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Key Words
- 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A, (5-HT1A)
- Endocytosis
- Förster Resonance Energy Transfer, (FRET)
- G protein-coupled receptor
- G protein-coupled receptors, (GPCRs)
- GPCR kinases, (GRKs)
- Oligomeric complexes
- Receptor tyrosine kinase
- Resonance energy transfer
- Transactivation
- adrenoceptors, (AR)
- bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, (BRET)
- cannabinoid receptor 2, (CB2R)
- disintegrin and metalloproteinases, (ADAMs)
- epidermal growth factor receptor, (EGFR)
- epidermal growth factor, (EGF)
- fibroblast growth factor receptor, (FGFR)
- fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, (FCS)
- formyl peptide receptor, (FPR)
- free fatty acid, (FFA)
- heparin binding EGF, (Hb-EGF)
- hepatocyte growth factor, (HGF)
- human umbilical vein endothelial cells, (HUVECs)
- insulin growth factor receptor-1, (IGFR-1)
- insulin receptor, (IR)
- lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1, (LPA)
- matrix metalloproteinases, (MMPs)
- platelet-derived growth factor receptor, (PDGFR)
- proximity ligation assay, (PLA)
- reactive oxygen species, (ROS)
- receptor tyrosine kinases, (RTKs)
- sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor, (S1PR)
- tetrahydrocannabinol, (THC)
- total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, (TIRF-M)
- vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, (VEGFR2)
- vascular endothelial growth factor, (VEGF)
- vasopressin 2 receptor, (V2R)
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Kilpatrick
- Division of Bimolecular Sciences and Medicinal Chemistry, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Stephen J. Hill
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, NG7 2UH, UK
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Ammendola R, Parisi M, Esposito G, Cattaneo F. Pro-Resolving FPR2 Agonists Regulate NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Phosphorylation of HSP27, OSR1, and MARCKS and Activation of the Respective Upstream Kinases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010134. [PMID: 33477989 PMCID: PMC7835750 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, being activated either by pro-resolving or proinflammatory ligands. FPR2-associated signal transduction pathways result in phosphorylation of several proteins and in NADPH oxidase activation. We, herein, investigated molecular mechanisms underlying phosphorylation of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), oxidative stress responsive kinase 1 (OSR1), and myristolated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) elicited by the pro-resolving FPR2 agonists WKYMVm and annexin A1 (ANXA1). Methods: CaLu-6 cells or p22phoxCrispr/Cas9 double nickase CaLu-6 cells were incubated for 5 min with WKYMVm or ANXA1, in the presence or absence of NADPH oxidase inhibitors. Phosphorylation at specific serine residues of HSP27, OSR1, and MARCKS, as well as the respective upstream kinases activated by FPR2 stimulation was analysed. Results: Blockade of NADPH oxidase functions prevents WKYMVm- and ANXA1-induced HSP-27(Ser82), OSR1(Ser339) and MARCKS(Ser170) phosphorylation. Moreover, NADPH oxidase inhibitors prevent WKYMVm- and ANXA1-dependent activation of p38MAPK, PI3K and PKCδ, the kinases upstream to HSP-27, OSR1 and MARCKS, respectively. The same results were obtained in p22phoxCrispr/Cas9 cells. Conclusions: FPR2 shows an immunomodulatory role by regulating proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory activities and NADPH oxidase is a key regulator of inflammatory pathways. The activation of NADPH oxidase-dependent pro-resolving downstream signals suggests that FPR2 signalling and NADPH oxidase could represent novel targets for inflammation therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fabio Cattaneo
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-746-2036; Fax: +39-081-746-4359
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Wang K, Dong Y, Liu J, Qian L, Wang T, Gao X, Wang K, Zhou L. Effects of REDOX in Regulating and Treatment of Metabolic and Inflammatory Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5860356. [PMID: 33282111 PMCID: PMC7685846 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5860356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reduction oxidation (REDOX) reaction is crucial in life activities, and its dynamic balance is regulated by ROS. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with a variety of metabolic diseases involving in multiple cellular signalling in pathologic and physiological signal transduction. ROS are the by-products of numerous enzymatic reactions in various cell compartments, including the cytoplasm, cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria, and peroxisome. ROS signalling is not only involved in normal physiological processes but also causes metabolic dysfunction and maladaptive responses to inflammatory signals, which depends on the cell type or tissue environment. Excess oxidants are able to alter the normal structure and function of DNA, lipids, and proteins, leading to mutations or oxidative damage. Therefore, excessive oxidative stress is usually regarded as the cause of various pathological conditions, such as cancer, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes, and kidney diseases. Currently, it has been possible to detect diabetes and other cardiac diseases by detecting derivatives accompanied by oxidative stress in vivo as biomarkers, but there is no effective method to treat these diseases. In consequence, it is essential for us to seek new therapy targeting these diseases through understanding the role of ROS signalling in regulating metabolic activity, inflammatory activation, and cardiac diseases related to metabolic dysfunction. In this review, we summarize the current literature on REDOX and its role in the regulation of cardiac metabolism and inflammation, focusing on ROS, local REDOX signalling pathways, and other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yanhan Dong
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Lili Qian
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Xiangqian Gao
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Luyu Zhou
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
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Annunziata MC, Parisi M, Esposito G, Fabbrocini G, Ammendola R, Cattaneo F. Phosphorylation Sites in Protein Kinases and Phosphatases Regulated by Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113818. [PMID: 32471307 PMCID: PMC7312799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
FPR1, FPR2, and FPR3 are members of Formyl Peptides Receptors (FPRs) family belonging to the GPCR superfamily. FPR2 is a low affinity receptor for formyl peptides and it is considered the most promiscuous member of this family. Intracellular signaling cascades triggered by FPRs include the activation of different protein kinases and phosphatase, as well as tyrosine kinase receptors transactivation. Protein kinases and phosphatases act coordinately and any impairment of their activation or regulation represents one of the most common causes of several human diseases. Several phospho-sites has been identified in protein kinases and phosphatases, whose role may be to expand the repertoire of molecular mechanisms of regulation or may be necessary for fine-tuning of switch properties. We previously performed a phospho-proteomic analysis in FPR2-stimulated cells that revealed, among other things, not yet identified phospho-sites on six protein kinases and one protein phosphatase. Herein, we discuss on the selective phosphorylation of Serine/Threonine-protein kinase N2, Serine/Threonine-protein kinase PRP4 homolog, Serine/Threonine-protein kinase MARK2, Serine/Threonine-protein kinase PAK4, Serine/Threonine-protein kinase 10, Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2, and Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 14A, triggered by FPR2 stimulation. We also describe the putative FPR2-dependent signaling cascades upstream to these specific phospho-sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carmela Annunziata
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.A.); (M.P.); (G.F.)
| | - Melania Parisi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.A.); (M.P.); (G.F.)
| | - Gabriella Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.A.); (M.P.); (G.F.)
| | - Rosario Ammendola
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.E.); (R.A.)
| | - Fabio Cattaneo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.E.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +39-081-7464-359
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