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Hao DC, Lyu HY, Wang F, Xiao PG, Xiao PG. Evaluating Potentials of Species Rich Taxonomic Groups in Cosmetics and Dermatology: Clustering and Dispersion of Skin Efficacy of Asteraceae and Ranunculales Plants on the Species Phylogenetic Tree. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2023; 24:279-298. [PMID: 35331107 DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666220324123926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The medicinal properties of plants can be predicted by virtue of phylogenetic methods, which nevertheless have not been utilized to explore the regularity of skin-related bioactivities of ethnomedicinal plants. We aim to investigate the distribution of skin efficacy of Asteraceae and Ranunculales plants on the species-level Tree of Life. METHODS The clinical efficacy data of 551 ethnomedicinal species belonging to Ranunculales, as well as 579 ethnomedicinal species of Asteraceae, were systematically collected and collated; these therapeutic data fell into 15 categories, including skin disease/cosmeceutical. The large phylogenetic tree of all China angiosperm species was used to detect the phylogenetic signals of ethnomedicinal plants by calculating the D statistic, phylogenetic diversity (PD), net relatedness index (NRI), and nearest taxon index (NTI). Of all Chinese ethnomedicinal plants of Ranunculales and Asteraceae, 339 (61.5% of all ethnomedicinal species) and 382 (66.0% of all) are used for skin problems. In Ranunculales, a clustered structure was suggested by the NRI value for skin uses. In Asteraceae, the skin utility was not clustered; Artemisia, Aster, Cremanthodium, Ligularia, and Saussurea are the most used Asteraceae genera for skin issues. RESULTS The clustering structure was identified in Artemisia, and the skin efficacy in other genera was of overdispersion (NRI < 0). NTI values and D statistics largely agree with NRI. When compared with PD values of different therapeutic categories, the PD value of the skin category was relatively high in Cremanthodium, Ranunculales, Asteraceae, and Artemisia, suggesting the enormous efficacy space in the new taxa of these taxonomic groups. CONCLUSION By resolving the distribution of therapeutic effects of Ranunculales/Asteraceae taxa, the importance of phylogenetic methods in mining botanical resources with skin utilities is validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Cheng Hao
- Biotechnology Institute, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, 116028, China.,Institute of Molecular Plant Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Huai-Yu Lyu
- Biotechnology Institute, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, 116028, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Biotechnology Institute, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, 116028, China
| | - Pei-Gen Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Pei-Gen Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Song M, Sheng X, Zhang J, Li X, Dai Q, Chen Y, Kang A. Homeostatic regulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-cytochrome P450 1a axis by Scutellaria baicalensis-Coptis chinensis herb pair and its main constituents. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 297:115545. [PMID: 35843411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Scutellaria baicalensis (SB) and Coptis chinensis (CC) are widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for "heat-clearing and damp-drying" and "purging fire and detoxifying". SB-CC are commonly used as a herbal pair for synergistic treatment of various diseases such as bacteria-related infections, metabolic syndromes, and some inflammatory disorders. This herbal pair is commonly used in many famous TCM formula, like Huang-Lian-Jie-Du, Gegen-Qinlian, Banxia Xiexin decoction. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) plays an essential role in the disposition of both xenobiotics and endogenous substances through the induction of cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) enzymes. Regulation of the AHR-CYP1A axis is increasingly implicated in drug-drug and drug-herb interactions. Research on SB-CC for regulatory effect on the AHR-CYP1A axis is only limited to few compounds. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to systematically investigate the regulatory effect of SB-CC and its main constitutes on the AHR-CYP1A axis in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS The livers of mice treated with SB-CC extract were subjected to RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). The key target genes related to drug metabolism were screened, and the differential expression genes (DEGs) were validated by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and enzyme activity assay. Luciferase reporter gene, qRT-PCR, and Western blot assays were used to determine whether SB-CC and their main constituents could activate AHR and regulate CYP1A expression in HepG2 cells. The effect of SB-CC on the pharmacokinetics of phenacetin, a CYP1A substrate, were further observed in mice to test the net effect of SB-CC on CYP1A functions. The potential CYP1A inhibitors in SB-CC were screened and their inhibitory mechanisms were also studied using human liver microsomes. RESULTS AHR and drug metabolism system, especially CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, were strongly affected in the liver of SB-CC-treated mice. These results were further validated by the findings that SB-CC increased CYP1A's mRNA, protein expression and activity in mouse liver. In HepG2 cells, SB, CC, baicalin, baicalein, chrysin, oroxylin A, berberine, coptisine and epiberberine increased CYP1A1 mRNA expression in an AHR-dependent way. Interestingly, SB-CC treatment for 14 days only slightly increased the systemic exposure of paracetamol in mice. In the CYP1A inhibition assay, SB, CC, baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside, wogonin, chrysin, oroxylin A, scutellarein, columbamine, coptisine, palmatine, epiberberine, and berberrubine inhibited CYP1A activity in different degree. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that SB-CC exerted dual regulatory effect on the AHR-CYP1A axis by increasing CYP1A expression but simultaneously inhibiting CYP1A activity, which may contribute to a tight modulation of AHR signaling for homeostatic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xianjie Sheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jianrong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xinru Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Qianyun Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - An Kang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Malar DS, Prasanth MI, Verma K, Prasansuklab A, Tencomnao T. Hibiscus sabdariffa Extract Protects HaCaT Cells against Phenanthrene-Induced Toxicity through the Regulation of Constitutive Androstane Receptor/Pregnane X Receptor Pathway. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183829. [PMID: 36145217 PMCID: PMC9502750 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenanthrene (Phe) exposure is associated with skin ageing, cardiotoxicity and developmental defects. Here, we investigated the mode of Phe toxicity in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and the attenuation of toxicity on pre-treatment (6 h) with ethanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyxes (HS). Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) alteration, changes in the transcriptional activity of selected genes involved in phase I and II metabolism, antioxidant response and gluconeogenesis, western blot and docking studies were performed to determine the protective effect of HS against Phe. Phe (250 μM) induced cytotoxicity in HaCaT cells through AhR-independent, CAR/PXR/RXR-mediated activation of CYP1A1 and the subsequent alterations in phase I and II metabolism genes. Further, CYP1A1 activation by Phe induced ROS generation, reduced ΔΨm and modulated antioxidant response, phase II metabolism and gluconeogenesis-related gene expression. However, pre-treatment with HS extract restored the pathological changes observed upon Phe exposure through CYP1A1 inhibition. Docking studies showed the site-specific activation of PXR and CAR by Phe and inhibition of CYP1A1 and CYP3A4 by the bioactive compounds of HS similar to that of the positive controls tested. Our results conclude that HS extract can attenuate Phe-induced toxicity in HaCaT cells through CAR/PXR/RXR mediated inhibition of CYP1A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dicson Sheeja Malar
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Mani Iyer Prasanth
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kanika Verma
- Department of Parasite-Host Biology, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research (NIMR), New Delhi 110077, India
| | - Anchalee Prasansuklab
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (T.T.); Tel.: +66-218-8048 (A.P.); +66-2-218-1533 (T.T.)
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (T.T.); Tel.: +66-218-8048 (A.P.); +66-2-218-1533 (T.T.)
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Sun Y, Xu H, Tan B, Yi Q, Liu H, Chen T, Xiang H, Wang R, Xie Q, Tian J, Zhu J. Andrographolide protects bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells against glucose and serum deprivation under hypoxia via the NRF2 signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:326. [PMID: 35850702 PMCID: PMC9290240 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs) therapy is an important cell transplantation strategy in the regenerative medicine field. However, a severely ischemic microenvironment, such as nutrient depletion and hypoxia, causes a lower survival rate of transplanted BMSCs, limiting the application of BMSCs. Therefore, improving BMSCs viability in adverse microenvironments is an important means to improve the effectiveness of BMSCs therapy. Objective To illustrate the protective effect of andrographolide (AG) against glucose and serum deprivation under hypoxia (1% O2) (GSDH)-induced cell injury in BMSCs and investigate the possible underlying mechanisms. Methods An in vitro primary rat BMSCs cell injury model was established by GSDH, and cellular viability, proliferation and apoptosis were observed after AG treatment under GSDH. Reactive oxygen species levels and oxidative stress-related genes and proteins were measured by flow cytometry, RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Mitochondrial morphology, function and number were further assessed by laser confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Results AG protected BMSCs against GSDH-induced cell injury, as indicated by increases in cell viability and proliferation and mitochondrial number and decreases in apoptosis and oxidative stress. The metabolic status of BMSCs was changed from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation to increase the ATP supply. We further observed that the NRF2 pathway was activated by AG, and treatment of BMSCs with a specific NRF2 inhibitor (ML385) blocked the protective effect of AG. Conclusion Our results suggest that AG is a promising agent to improve the therapeutic effect of BMSCs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03016-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Sun
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Qin Yi
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Huiwen Liu
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Tangtian Chen
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Han Xiang
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Qiumin Xie
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Department of Cardiovascular (Internal Medicine), Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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5
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Hu W, Liang JW, Liao S, Zhao ZD, Wang YX, Mao XF, Hao SW, Wang YF, Zhu H, Guo B. Melatonin attenuates radiation-induced cortical bone-derived stem cells injury and enhances bone repair in postradiation femoral defect model. Mil Med Res 2021; 8:61. [PMID: 34895335 PMCID: PMC8666036 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-021-00355-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The healing of bone defects can be challenging for clinicians to manage, especially after exposure to ionizing radiation. In this regard, radiation therapy and accidental exposure to gamma (γ)-ray radiation have been shown to inhibit bone formation and increase the risk of fractures. Cortical bone-derived stem cells (CBSCs) are reportedly essential for osteogenic lineages, bone maintenance and repair. This study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin on postradiation CBSCs and bone defect healing. METHODS CBSCs were extracted from C57BL/6 mice and were identified by flow cytometry. Then CBSCs were subjected to 6 Gy γ-ray radiation followed by treatment with various concentrations of melatonin. The effects of exogenous melatonin on the self-renewal and osteogenic capacity of postradiation CBSCs in vitro were analyzed. The underlying mechanisms involved in genomic stability, apoptosis and oxidative stress-related signaling were further analyzed by Western blotting, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence assays. Moreover, postradiation femoral defect models were established and treated with Matrigel and melatonin. The effects of melatonin on postradiation bone healing in vivo were evaluated by micro-CT and pathological analysis. RESULTS The decrease in radiation-induced self-renewal and osteogenic capacity were partially reversed in postradiation CBSCs treated with melatonin (P < 0.05). Melatonin maintained genomic stability, reduced postradiation CBSC apoptosis and intracellular oxidative stress, and enhanced expression of antioxidant-related enzymes (P < 0.05). Western blotting validated the anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin by downregulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels via the extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway. Melatonin was also found to exhibit antioxidant effects via NRF2 signaling. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the newly formed bone in the melatonin plus Matrigel group had higher trabecular bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) and bone mineral density values with lower IL-6 and TNF-α levels than in the irradiation and the Matrigel groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study suggested that melatonin could protect CBSCs against γ-ray radiation and assist in the healing of postradiation bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of Stomatology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jia-Wu Liang
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of Stomatology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Song Liao
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Zhao
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yu-Xing Wang
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Mao
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of Stomatology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Si-Wei Hao
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of Stomatology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wang
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of Stomatology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Heng Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100840, China.
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Stomatology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Hahm KM, Park SH, Oh SW, Kim JH, Yeom HS, Lee HJ, Yang S, Cho JY, Park JO, Lee J. Aspergillus oryzae-Fermented Wheat Peptone Enhances the Potential of Proliferation and Hydration of Human Keratinocytes through Activation of p44/42 MAPK. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196074. [PMID: 34641617 PMCID: PMC8512833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying materials contributing to skin hydration, essential for normal skin homeostasis, has recently gained increased research interest. In this study, we investigated the potential benefits and mechanisms of action of Aspergillus oryzae-fermented wheat peptone (AFWP) on the proliferation and hydration of human skin keratinocytes, through in vitro experiments using HaCaT cell lines. The findings revealed that compared to unfermented wheat peptone, AFWP exhibited an improved amino acid composition, significantly (p < 0.05) higher DPPH scavenging capability and cell proliferation activity, and reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, we separated AFWP into eleven fractions, each ≤2 kDa; of these, fraction 4 (AFW4) demonstrated the highest efficacy in the cell proliferation assay and was found to be the key component responsible for the cell proliferation potential and antioxidant properties of AFWP. Additionally, AFW4 increased the expression of genes encoding natural moisturizing factors, including filaggrin, transglutaminase-1, and hyaluronic acid synthase 1–3. Furthermore, AFW4 activated p44/42 MAPK, but not JNK and p38 MAPK, whereas PD98059, a p44/42 MAPK inhibitor, attenuated the beneficial effects of AFW4 on the skin, suggesting that the effects of AFW4 are mediated via p44/42 MAPK activation. Finally, in clinical studies, AFW4 treatment resulted in increased skin hydration and reduced trans-epidermal water loss compared with a placebo group. Collectively, these data provide evidence that AFW4 could be used as a potential therapeutic agent to improve skin barrier damage induced by external stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Man Hahm
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi Do, Korea; (K.M.H.); (S.W.O.); (S.Y.)
- Natural Products Laboratory, Daebong LS Co., Ltd., Incheon 21697, Korea; (J.H.K.); (H.S.Y.); (H.J.L.)
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong City 30016, Korea;
| | - Sae Woong Oh
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi Do, Korea; (K.M.H.); (S.W.O.); (S.Y.)
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Natural Products Laboratory, Daebong LS Co., Ltd., Incheon 21697, Korea; (J.H.K.); (H.S.Y.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Hyun Sook Yeom
- Natural Products Laboratory, Daebong LS Co., Ltd., Incheon 21697, Korea; (J.H.K.); (H.S.Y.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Hye Ja Lee
- Natural Products Laboratory, Daebong LS Co., Ltd., Incheon 21697, Korea; (J.H.K.); (H.S.Y.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Seoyeon Yang
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi Do, Korea; (K.M.H.); (S.W.O.); (S.Y.)
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi Do, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.Y.C.); (J.O.P.); (J.L.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7861 (J.L.)
| | - Jin Oh Park
- Natural Products Laboratory, Daebong LS Co., Ltd., Incheon 21697, Korea; (J.H.K.); (H.S.Y.); (H.J.L.)
- Correspondence: (J.Y.C.); (J.O.P.); (J.L.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7861 (J.L.)
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi Do, Korea; (K.M.H.); (S.W.O.); (S.Y.)
- Correspondence: (J.Y.C.); (J.O.P.); (J.L.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7861 (J.L.)
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Pterostilbene Attenuates Particulate Matter-Induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Aging in Keratinocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101552. [PMID: 34679686 PMCID: PMC8533475 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is the main indicator of air pollutants, and it may increase the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in keratinocytes, leading to skin inflammation, aging, and decreased moisturizing ability. Pterostilbene (PTS) is a dimethylated analog of resveratrol that has antioxidant effects. However, the molecular mechanisms of PTS in preventing PM-induced keratinocyte inflammation and aging have not been investigated yet. Therefore, we used PM-induced human keratinocytes to investigate the protective mechanisms of PTS. The results showed that 20 μM PTS had no toxicity to HaCaT keratinocytes and significantly reduced PM-induced intracellular ROS production. In addition, nuclear translocation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) was inhibited by PTS, leading to reduced expression of its downstream CYP1A1. PTS further inhibited PM-induced MAPKs, inflammation (COX-2), and aging (MMP-9) protein cascades, and rescued moisturizing (AQP-3) protein expression. We analyzed the PTS content in cells at different time points and compared the concentration required for PTS to inhibit the target proteins. Finally, we used the skin penetration assay to show that the PTS essence mainly exists in the epidermal layer and did not enter the system circulation. In conclusion, PTS could protect HaCaT keratinocytes from PM-induced damage and has the potential to become a cosmetic ingredient.
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Kim J, Park SH, Yang S, Oh SW, Kwon K, Park SJ, Yu E, Kim H, Park JY, Choi S, Yang S, Song M, Cho JY, Lee J. Protective Effects of Maclurin against Benzo[a]pyrene via Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 Targeting. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081189. [PMID: 34439437 PMCID: PMC8388905 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formed during the incomplete combustion of organic matter, has harmful effects. Therefore, much research is ongoing to develop agents that can mitigate the effects of B[a]P. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of maclurin, one component of the branches of Morus alba L., on the B[a]P-induced effects in HaCaT cells, a human keratinocyte cell line. Maclurin treatment inhibited aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling as evidenced by reduced xenobiotic response element (XRE) reporter activity, decreased expression of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), and reduced nuclear translocation of AHR. The B[a]P-induced dissociation of AHR from AHR-interacting protein (AIP) was suppressed by maclurin. Maclurin also inhibited the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by B[a]P. In addition, the antioxidant property of maclurin itself was demonstrated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Furthermore, maclurin activated antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling through enhancement of ARE luciferase reporter activity and the expression of ARE-dependent genes including nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Nrf2 activation and its nuclear translocation were promoted by maclurin through p38 MAPK activation. These data indicate that maclurin had antagonistic activity against B[a]P effects through activation of Nrf2-mediated signaling and inhibition of AHR signaling and, suggesting its potential in protecting from harmful B[a]P-containing pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangsoon Kim
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi do, Korea; (J.K.); (S.Y.); (S.W.O.); (K.K.); (S.J.P.); (E.Y.); (H.K.); (J.Y.P.); (S.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong City 30016, Korea;
| | - Seyoung Yang
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi do, Korea; (J.K.); (S.Y.); (S.W.O.); (K.K.); (S.J.P.); (E.Y.); (H.K.); (J.Y.P.); (S.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Sae Woong Oh
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi do, Korea; (J.K.); (S.Y.); (S.W.O.); (K.K.); (S.J.P.); (E.Y.); (H.K.); (J.Y.P.); (S.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Kitae Kwon
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi do, Korea; (J.K.); (S.Y.); (S.W.O.); (K.K.); (S.J.P.); (E.Y.); (H.K.); (J.Y.P.); (S.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Se Jung Park
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi do, Korea; (J.K.); (S.Y.); (S.W.O.); (K.K.); (S.J.P.); (E.Y.); (H.K.); (J.Y.P.); (S.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Eunbi Yu
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi do, Korea; (J.K.); (S.Y.); (S.W.O.); (K.K.); (S.J.P.); (E.Y.); (H.K.); (J.Y.P.); (S.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Hyeyoun Kim
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi do, Korea; (J.K.); (S.Y.); (S.W.O.); (K.K.); (S.J.P.); (E.Y.); (H.K.); (J.Y.P.); (S.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Jung Yoen Park
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi do, Korea; (J.K.); (S.Y.); (S.W.O.); (K.K.); (S.J.P.); (E.Y.); (H.K.); (J.Y.P.); (S.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Seoyoung Choi
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi do, Korea; (J.K.); (S.Y.); (S.W.O.); (K.K.); (S.J.P.); (E.Y.); (H.K.); (J.Y.P.); (S.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Seoyeon Yang
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi do, Korea; (J.K.); (S.Y.); (S.W.O.); (K.K.); (S.J.P.); (E.Y.); (H.K.); (J.Y.P.); (S.C.); (S.Y.)
| | - Minkyung Song
- T Cell and Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi do, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (J.Y.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi do, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (J.Y.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 16419, Gyunggi do, Korea; (J.K.); (S.Y.); (S.W.O.); (K.K.); (S.J.P.); (E.Y.); (H.K.); (J.Y.P.); (S.C.); (S.Y.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (J.Y.C.); (J.L.)
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9
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Park C, Lee H, Noh JS, Jin CY, Kim GY, Hyun JW, Leem SH, Choi YH. Hemistepsin A protects human keratinocytes against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress through activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 691:108512. [PMID: 32712291 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hemistepsin A, a sesquiterpene lactone compound isolated from Hemistepta lyrata, has been identified a variety of pharmacological actions including anti-hepatotoxic, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. Nevertheless, the antioxidant effects of hemistepsin A and the underlying mechanisms have not been investigated properly. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the protective effect of hemistepsin A against oxidative stress in HaCaT human keratinocytes. The results demonstrated that hemistepsin A suppressed 500 μM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage by blocking ROS accumulation. 10 μM Hemistepsin A also prevented apoptosis by preventing the mitochondrial dysfunction and the cytosolic release of cytochrome c, reducing the rate of Bax/Bcl-2 expression, and decreasing the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, suggesting that hemistepsin A protected cells from H2O2-induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. In addition, hemistepsin A markedly promoted the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which was associated with the enhanced expression and activity of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the presence of 500 μM H2O2. However, inhibiting the expression of HO-1 by artificially blocking the expression of Nrf2 or HO-1 using siRNA significantly eliminated the protective effect of hemistepsin A, indicating that hemistepsin A activates the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in HaCaT cells to protect against oxidative stress. Therefore, these results suggest that hemistepsin A may be useful as a potential therapeutic agent against various oxidative stress-related skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Park
- Division of Basic Sciences, College of Liberal Studies, Dong-eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesook Lee
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan, 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Sook Noh
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Tongmyong University, Busan, 48520, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheng-Yun Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Leem
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan, 47227, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Baicalein Inhibits Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Toxic Response by Downregulating Src Phosphorylation and by Upregulating NRF2-HMOX1 System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060507. [PMID: 32526964 PMCID: PMC7346154 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a major environmental pollutant, activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), induces its cytoplasmic-to-nuclear translocation and upregulates the production of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), a xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme which metabolize BaP. The BaP-AHR-CYP1A1 axis generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces proinflammatory cytokines. Although the anti-inflammatory phytochemical baicalein (BAI) is known to inhibit the BaP-AHR-mediated CYP1A1 expression, its subcellular signaling remains elusive. In this study, normal human epidermal keratinocytes and HaCaT keratinocytes were treated with BAI, BaP, or BAI + BaP, and assessed for the CYP1A1 expression, antioxidative pathways, ROS generation, and proinflammatory cytokine expressions. BAI and BAI-containing herbal medicine Wogon and Oren-gedoku-to could inhibit the BaP-induced CYP1A1 expression. In addition, BAI activated antioxidative system nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), leading the reduction of BaP-induced ROS production. The BaP-induced IL1A and IL1B was also downregulated by BAI. BAI inhibited the phosphorylation of Src, a component of AHR cytoplasmic complex, which eventually interfered with the cytoplasmic-to-nuclear translocation of AHR. These results indicate that BAI and BAI-containing herbal drugs may be useful for inhibiting the toxic effects of BaP via dual AHR-CYP1A1-inhibiting and NRF2-HMOX1-activating activities.
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