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Sun Z, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Xu Y. Animal Models of Type 2 Diabetes Complications: A Review. Endocr Res 2024; 49:46-58. [PMID: 37950485 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2023.2278049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disease, of which type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most common. The complications of diabetes are far more harmful than diabetes itself. Type 2 diabetes complications include diabetic nephropathy (DN), diabetic heart disease, diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and diabetic retinopathy (DR) et al. Many animal models have been developed to study the pathogenesis of T2D and discover an effective strategy to treat its consequences. In this sense, it is crucial to choose the right animal model for the corresponding diabetic complication. This paper summarizes and classifies the animal modeling approaches to T2D complications and provides a comprehensive review of their advantages and disadvantages. It is hopeful that this paper will provide theoretical support for animal trials of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyan Sun
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, Taipa, PR China
| | - Yadi Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, Taipa, PR China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, Taipa, PR China
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, Taipa, PR China
- Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Macau University of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, PR China
- Macau University of Science and Technology, Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute, Hengqin, Zhuhai, PR China
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Hartman-Petrycka M, Knefel G, Lebiedowska A, Nowak M, Błońska-Fajfrowska B. Taste perception and food preferences in patients with diabetic foot ulcers before and after hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Nutr Diabetes 2022; 12:41. [PMID: 36198698 PMCID: PMC9534922 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-022-00219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on taste perception and food preferences in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Methods The study involved 75 healthy people (Group C) and 23 patients with diabetic foot ulcers before HBOT (Group Db) and after 25–30 HBOT treatments (Group Da) (2.5 ATA, 87 min). The sip and spit method was used to examine the taste perception for 5 basic flavours. Food preferences were studied using photographs of dishes. Results The recognition thresholds in Group C were lower than in Group Db for 5 basic flavours. The taste intensity in Group C was higher than in Group Db for: 0.1% and 1.0% monosodium glutamate, 0.02% citric acid, and 0.002% quinine hydrochloride. The hedonic response in Group C was more negative than in Group Db for: 0.18% sodium chloride, 0.3% monosodium glutamate and 0.1% citric acid. The pleasure derived from eating in Group C was lower than in Group Db for sour and salty products. The recognition thresholds in Group Db were higher than in Group Da for umami and sour. The taste intensity in Group Db was lower than in Group Da for: 0.1%, 0.3% and 1.0% monosodium glutamate. The pleasure derived from eating in Group Db was higher than in Group Da for chocolate and crisps. Conclusions In people with diabetic foot ulcers, an impaired all 5 basic tastes occurred with different food preferences compared to healthy people. HBOT causes beneficial changes resulting in increased sensitivity to umami and sour taste as well as a decrease in the pleasure derived from eating chocolate and crisps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Hartman-Petrycka
- Department of Basic Biomedical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Knefel
- Dr Stanisław Sakiel Centre for Burn Treatment, Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
| | - Agata Lebiedowska
- Department of Basic Biomedical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Nowak
- Dr Stanisław Sakiel Centre for Burn Treatment, Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
| | - Barbara Błońska-Fajfrowska
- Department of Basic Biomedical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Takaishi K, Oshima T, Eto H, Nishihira M, Nguyen ST, Ochi R, Fujita N, Urakawa S. Impact of Exercise and Detraining during Childhood on Brown Adipose Tissue Whitening in Obesity. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11100677. [PMID: 34677392 PMCID: PMC8540482 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11100677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the influence of childhood exercise and detraining on brown adipose tissue (BAT) whitening in obesity. Four-week-old male Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats (n = 9) and Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats (n = 24) were used as non-obese and obese animals, respectively. OLETF rats were divided into non-exercise sedentary (n = 9) and exercise groups. OLETF rats in the exercise group were further divided into subgroups according to the exercise period—exercise from 10- to 12-weeks-old (n = 6); and exercise from 4- to 6-weeks-old, and detraining from 6- to 12-weeks-old (n = 9). At 12-weeks-old, immediately after exercise period, BAT whitening in OLETF rats was inhibited by exercise despite the fact that hypertrophy was not caused in the plantaris muscle. However, the effectiveness was attenuated during the detraining period. Histological BAT whitening and downregulation of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) were found in non-exercise sedentary OLETF rats at 12-weeks-old. The downregulation was not inhibited, even though exercise histologically inhibited BAT whitening in OLETF rats. Childhood exercise decreased BAT whitening in obesity. Detraining attenuated the inhibition of BAT whitening. These results suggest that regular exercise is needed to improve BAT whitening and downregulation of UCP-1 in obesity.
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Ochi R, Fujita N, Goto N, Takaishi K, Oshima T, Nguyen ST, Nishijo H, Urakawa S. Medial prefrontal area reductions, altered expressions of cholecystokinin, parvalbumin, and activating transcription factor 4 in the corticolimbic system, and altered emotional behavior in a progressive rat model of type 2 diabetes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256655. [PMID: 34506507 PMCID: PMC8432800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders are associated with a higher risk of psychiatric disorders. We previously reported that 20-week-old Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats, a model of progressive type 2 diabetes, showed increased anxiety-like behavior and regional area reductions and increased cholecystokinin-positive neurons in the corticolimbic system. However, in which stages of diabetes these alterations in OLETF rats occur remains unclear. We aimed to investigate anxiety-like behavior and its possible mechanisms at different stages of type 2 diabetes in OLETF rats. Eight- and 30-week-old OLETF rats were used as diabetic animal models at the prediabetic and progressive stages of type 2 diabetes respectively, and age-matched Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka rats served as non-diabetic controls. In the open-field test, OLETF rats showed less locomotion in the center zone and longer latency to leave the center zone at 8 and 30 weeks old, respectively. The areas of the medial prefrontal cortex were smaller in the OLETF rats, regardless of age. The densities of cholecystokinin-positive neurons in OLETF rats were higher in the lateral and basolateral amygdala only at 8 weeks old and in the anterior cingulate and infralimbic cortices and hippocampal cornu ammonis area 3 at both ages. The densities of parvalbumin-positive neurons of OLETF rats were lower in the cornu ammonis area 2 at 8 weeks old and in the prelimbic and infralimbic cortices at both ages. No apoptotic cell death was detected in OLETF rats, but the percentage of neurons co-expressing activating transcription factor 4 and cholecystokinin and parvalbumin was higher in OLETF rats at both ages in the anterior cingulate cortex and basolateral amygdala, respectively. These results suggest that altered emotional behavior and related neurological changes in the corticolimbic system are already present in the prediabetic stage of OLETF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Ochi
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoto Fujita
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Natsuki Goto
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kaho Takaishi
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takaya Oshima
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Son Tien Nguyen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hisao Nishijo
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Susumu Urakawa
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Bo-Htay C, Shwe T, Jaiwongkam T, Kerdphoo S, Pratchayasakul W, Pattarasakulchai T, Shinlapawittayatorn K, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy effectively alleviates D-galactose-induced-age-related cardiac dysfunction via attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction in pre-diabetic rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:10955-10972. [PMID: 33861726 PMCID: PMC8109141 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the prevalence of obesity in aging populations is fast growing worldwide. Aging induced by D-galactose (D-gal) is proven to cause the worsening of cardiac dysfunction in pre-diabetic rats via deteriorating cardiac mitochondrial function. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been shown to attenuate D-gal-induced cognitive deterioration through decreased inflammation and apoptosis. We tested the hypothesis that HBOT alleviates D-gal induced cardiac dysfunction via improving mitochondrial function in pre-diabetic rats. Wistar rats (n=56) were fed normal diet or high-fat diet for 12 weeks. For subsequent 8 weeks, they were subcutaneously injected either vehicle (0.9% normal saline) or D-gal (150mg/kg/day). Rats were randomly subdivided into 7 groups at week 21: sham-treated (normal diet fed rats with vehicle (NDV), high-fat diet fed rats with vehicle (HFV), normal diet fed rats with D-gal (NDDg), high-fat diet fed rats with D-gal (HFDg)) and HBOT-treated (HFV, NDDg, HFDg). Sham rats received ambient pressure of oxygen while HBOT-treated ones received 100% oxygen given once daily for 60 minutes at 2 atmosphere absolute. HBOT reduced metabolic impairments, mitochondrial dysfunction and increased autophagy, resulting in an improvement of cardiac function in aged pre-diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherry Bo-Htay
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thazin Shwe
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thidarat Jaiwongkam
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sasiwan Kerdphoo
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wasana Pratchayasakul
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thienchai Pattarasakulchai
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Krekwit Shinlapawittayatorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Ochi R, Fujita N, Goto N, Nguyen ST, Le DT, Matsushita K, Ono T, Nishijo H, Urakawa S. Region-specific brain area reductions and increased cholecystokinin positive neurons in diabetic OLETF rats: implication for anxiety-like behavior. J Physiol Sci 2020; 70:42. [PMID: 32938363 PMCID: PMC10717394 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-020-00771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders can induce psychiatric comorbidities. Both brain and neuronal composition imbalances reportedly induce an anxiety-like phenotype. We hypothesized that alterations of localized brain areas and cholecystokinin (CCK) and parvalbumin (PV) expression could induce anxiety-like behavior in type 2 diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats. Twenty-week-old OLETF and non-diabetic Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats were used. The areas of corticolimbic regions were smaller in OLETF rats. The densities of CCK positive neurons in the lateral and basolateral amygdala, hippocampal cornu ammonis area 2, and prelimbic cortex were higher in OLETF rats. The densities of PV positive neurons were comparable between OLETF and LETO rats. Locomotion in the center zone in the open field test was lower in OLETF rats. These results suggest that imbalances of specific brain region areas and neuronal compositions in emotion-related areas increase the prevalence of anxiety-like behaviors in OLETF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Ochi
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Naoto Fujita
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Natsuki Goto
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Son Tien Nguyen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, 103 Military Hospital, Vietnam Military Medical University, 160, Phung Hung Street, Phuc La, Ha Dong, Hanoi, 12108, Vietnam
| | - Duc Trung Le
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
- Department of Neurology, 103 Military Hospital, Vietnam Military Medical University, 160, Phung Hung Street, Phuc La, Ha Dong, Hanoi, 12108, Vietnam
| | - Kojiro Matsushita
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Facility of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Ono
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama, 930-0152, Japan
| | - Hisao Nishijo
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama, 930-0152, Japan
| | - Susumu Urakawa
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
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