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Chen Z, Zhao Q, Chen J, Mei T, Wang W, Li M, Wang D. N-Halamine-Based Polypropylene Melt-Blown Nonwoven Fabric with Superhydrophilicity and Antibacterial Properties for Face Masks. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4335. [PMID: 37960015 PMCID: PMC10648686 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven fabric (PP MNF) masks can effectively block pathogens in the environment from entering the human body. However, the adhesion of surviving pathogens to masks poses a risk of human infection. Thus, embedding safe and efficient antibacterial materials is the key to solving pathogen infection. In this study, stable chlorinated poly(methacrylamide-N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide) polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven fabrics (PP-P(MAA-MBAA)-Cl MNFs) have been fabricated by a simple UV cross-link and chlorination process, and the active chlorine content can reach 3500 ppm. The PP-P(MAA-MBAA)-Cl MNFs show excellent hydrophilic and antibacterial properties. The PP-P(MAA-MBAA)-Cl MNFs could kill all bacteria (both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) with only 5 min of contact. Therefore, incorporating PP-P(MAA-MBAA)-Cl MNF as a hydrophilic antimicrobial layer into a four-layer PP-based mask holds great potential for enhancing protection and comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products, Wuhan Textile University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China; (Z.C.); (Q.Z.); (T.M.); (W.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Qinghua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products, Wuhan Textile University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China; (Z.C.); (Q.Z.); (T.M.); (W.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products, Wuhan Textile University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China; (Z.C.); (Q.Z.); (T.M.); (W.W.); (D.W.)
- College of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Tao Mei
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products, Wuhan Textile University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China; (Z.C.); (Q.Z.); (T.M.); (W.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products, Wuhan Textile University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China; (Z.C.); (Q.Z.); (T.M.); (W.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Mufang Li
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products, Wuhan Textile University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China; (Z.C.); (Q.Z.); (T.M.); (W.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products, Wuhan Textile University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China; (Z.C.); (Q.Z.); (T.M.); (W.W.); (D.W.)
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2
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Zhang G, Li Y, Ke Q, Bai J, Luo F, Zhang J, Ding Y, Chen J, Liu P, Wang S, Gao C, Yang M. Preparation of Rechargeable Antibacterial Polypropylene/N-Halamine Materials Based on Melt Blending and Surface Segregation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47531-47540. [PMID: 37787377 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP) has been widely used in health care and food packaging fields, however, it lacks antibacterial properties. Herein, we prepared the polymeric antibacterial agents (MPP-NDAM) by an in situ amidation reaction between 2,4-diamino-6-dialkylamino-1,3,5-triazine (NDAM) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MPP) using the melt grafting method. The effects of reaction time and monomer content on the grafting degree of N-halamine were investigated, and a grafting degree of 4.86 wt % was achieved under the optimal reaction conditions. PP/MPP-NDAM composites were further obtained by a melt blending process between PP and MPP-NDAM. With the adoption of surface segregation technology, the content of N-halamine structure on the surface of PP/MPP-NDAM composites was significantly increased. The antibacterial tests showed that the PP/MPP-NDAM composite could achieve 99.9% bactericidal activity against 1.0 × 107 CFU/mL of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) within 10 and 5 min of contact, respectively. The antibacterial effect became more pronounced with the prolongation of chlorinated time, and it could achieve 99.9% bactericidal activity against E. coli within merely 1 min of contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuke Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qining Ke
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Junchen Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Fushuai Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yanfen Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chong Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Mingshu Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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3
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Nithya R, Thirunavukkarasu A, Hemavathy RV, Sivashankar R, Kishore KA, Sabarish R. Functionalized nanofibers in gas sorption process: a critical review on the challenges and prospective research. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:969. [PMID: 37466735 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution has become the most important environmental and human health threat as it is accounting for about 7 million deaths across the globe every year. Particulate matter (PM) derived from the combustion of fossil fuels, biomass, and other agricultural residues pollutes the atmospheric air which affects the quality of the environment and poses a great threat to human health. Ecological imbalance, climatic variation, and cardiovascular and respiratory problems among humans are significant extortions due to PM pollution. Scientific approaches were initiated to limit the levels of PM in the atmospheric air and the use of nanofiber mats has received wide attention as these possess versatile properties including nanoscale-sized pore structure, homogeneity in their size distribution with high specific surface area, and low basis weight. To exploit their filtration potential towards wide classes of pollutants and also to enhance the capturing efficacy, functionalized nanofibers are currently in practice with tailor-made modifications on the surface. The present review provides a comprehensive report on the different fabrication processes of functionalized nanofibers along with the controlling factors affecting the efficacy of the gas separation process. Also, it provides technical insights on the mass transfer aspects of PM filtration by elucidation their mechanism which can provide vital information on the rate-controlling diffusive flux(es). Conclusively, the practical challenges encountered in the large-scale air filtration systems such as filter cleaning, flow-rate regulation, pressure drop, and extent of reusability are discussed, and the review has identified potential gaps in the current research and can be considered for the prospective research in the area of PM separation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajarathinam Nithya
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | | | - R V Hemavathy
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, India
| | - Raja Sivashankar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, India
| | - Kola Anand Kishore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, India
| | - Radoor Sabarish
- Department of Materials and Production engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology, North Bangkok, Thailand
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4
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Karthikeyan P, Subagunasekar M, Lenin N, Prabhu K. Abundance, spatial distribution, and chemical characterization of face masks on the beaches of SE Kanyakumari, India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 192:115031. [PMID: 37210985 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is a new world of waste during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this baseline study, the occurrence of PPE faces masks were assessed on the eleven beaches of Kanyakumari, India concerning the abundance, spatial distribution, and chemical characterization (ATR-FTIR spectroscopy). A total of 1593 items/m2 of PPE face masks and their mean density of 0.16 PPE/m2, ranging from 0.02 to 0.54 PPE/m2 were determined in the study area. Kanyakumari beach (n = 430 items/m2) has the highest concentration of masks (26.99 %), with a mean density of 0.54 m2 due to recreational, sewage disposal, and tourism activities. This is perhaps the most important study describing the scientific data that focuses on the significant effects of communal activities and accessibility on COVID-19 PPE face mask pollution. It also highlights the need for sufficient management facilities to optimize PPE disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Karthikeyan
- School of Marine Sciences, Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area Studies Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695 581, Kerala, India.
| | - M Subagunasekar
- Centre for Geoinformatics, School of Health Sciences & Rural Development, The Gandhigram Rural Institute, Dindigul 624 302, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Lenin
- Department of Physics, Sethu Institute of Technology, Virudhunagar 626 115, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Prabhu
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
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5
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Li Y, Hui B, Yang X, Wang H, Xu N, Feng P, Ma Z, Wang H. Multi-Scale Characterization of High-Temperature Properties and Thermal Storage Stability Performance of Discarded-Mask-Modified Asphalt. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7593. [PMID: 36363185 PMCID: PMC9654420 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the context of the global pandemic of COVID-19, the use and disposal of medical masks have created a series of ethical and environmental issues. The purpose of this paper is to study and evaluate the high temperature properties and thermal storage stability of discarded-mask (DM)-modified asphalt from a multi-scale perspective using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and experimental methods. A series of tests was conducted to evaluate the physical, rheological, thermal storage stability and microscopic properties of the samples. These tests include softening point, rotational viscosity, dynamic shear rheology (DSR), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation. The results showed that the DM modifier could improve the softening point, rotational viscosity and rutting factor of the asphalt. After thermal storage, the DM-modified asphalt produced segregation. The difference in the softening point between the top and bottom of the sample increased from 2.2 °C to 17.1 °C when the DM modifier admixture was increased from 1% to 4%. FT-IR test results showed that the main component of the DM modifier was polypropylene, and the DM-modified asphalt was mainly a physical co-blending process. MD simulation results show that the DM modifier can increase the cohesive energy density (CED) and reduce the fractional free volume (FFV) of asphalt and reduce the binding energy between base asphalt and DM modifier. Multi-scale characterization reveals that DM modifiers can improve the high temperature performance and reduce the thermal storage stability of asphalt. It is noteworthy that both macroscopic tests and microscopic simulations show that 1% is an acceptable dosage level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanle Li
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Bing Hui
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Ning Xu
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Ponan Feng
- College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ziye Ma
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Hainian Wang
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
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6
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Khan J, E N, Mariatti M, Vilay V, Todo M. A comprehensive review on facemask manufacturing, testing, and its environmental impacts. JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES 2022; 52:15280837221111175. [PMID: 36249720 PMCID: PMC9548449 DOI: 10.1177/15280837221111175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is currently the biggest threat to human lives due to its rapid transmission rate causing severe damage to human health and economy. The transmission of viral diseases can be minimized at its early stages with proper planning and preventive practices. The use of facemask has proved to be most effective measure to curb the spread of virus along with social distancing and good hygiene practices. This necessitates more research on facemask technology to increase its filtration efficiencies and proper disposal, which can be accelerated with knowledge of the current manufacturing process and recent research in this field. This review article provides an overview of the importance of facemask, fundamentals of nonwoven fabrics, and its manufacturing process. It also covers topics related to recent research reported for improved facemask efficiencies and testing methods to evaluate the performance of facemask. The plastic waste associated with the facemask and measures to minimize its effect are also briefly described. A systematic understanding is given in order to trigger future research in this field to ensure that we are well equipped for any future pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Khan
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal Penang, Malaysia
| | - Netnapa E
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal Penang, Malaysia
| | - M Mariatti
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal Penang, Malaysia
| | - V Vilay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sokpaluang Campus, National University of Laos, Vientiane, Laos
| | - M Todo
- Renewable Energy Center, Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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7
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Matei E, Predescu AM, Râpă M, Țurcanu AA, Mateș I, Constantin N, Predescu C. Natural Polymers and Their Nanocomposites Used for Environmental Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12101707. [PMID: 35630932 PMCID: PMC9146209 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to bring together the main natural polymer applications for environmental remediation, as a class of nexus materials with advanced properties that offer the opportunity of integration in single or simultaneous decontamination processes. By identifying the main natural polymers derived from agro-industrial sources or monomers converted by biotechnology into sustainable polymers, the paper offers the main performances identified in the literature for: (i) the treatment of water contaminated with heavy metals and emerging pollutants such as dyes and organics, (ii) the decontamination and remediation of soils, and (iii) the reduction in the number of suspended solids of a particulate matter (PM) type in the atmosphere. Because nanotechnology offers new horizons in materials science, nanocomposite tunable polymers are also studied and presented as promising materials in the context of developing sustainable and integrated products in society to ensure quality of life. As a class of future smart materials, the natural polymers and their nanocomposites are obtained from renewable resources, which are inexpensive materials with high surface area, porosity, and high adsorption properties due to their various functional groups. The information gathered in this review paper is based on the publications in the field from the last two decades. The future perspectives of these fascinating materials should take into account the scale-up, the toxicity of nanoparticles, and the competition with food production, as well as the environmental regulations.
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Wu K, Zhao Y, Li J, Yao J, Chen X, Shao Z. Crystallization, Mechanical, and Antimicrobial Properties of Diallyl Cyanuric Derivative-Grafted Polypropylene. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:12794-12800. [PMID: 34056430 PMCID: PMC8154233 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A functional N-halamine precursor with double bonds, 1-3-diallyl-s-triazine-2,4,6-trione (DTT), was synthesized and grafted onto polypropylene using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as an initiator via melt blending at 200 °C. The DTT content grafted onto the polypropylene (PP) backbone was depended on both DTT and DCP concentrations in feed. The crystallization temperature of PP increased from 116 °C (neat PP) to 123 °C (10% DTT) with the increasing DTT content. Meanwhile, the crystallization rate and relative crystallinity of PP were significantly increased after introduction of the N-halamine precursor. Moreover, the incorporation of DTT had partial compensation for the decreasing mechanical properties of polypropylene, which resulted from degradation. When the amount of added DTT reached up to 5%, the chlorinated DTT-modified PP sheets were able to kill 105-6 cfu/mL Escherichia coli (CMCC 44103) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) within 10 min. The DTT-modified PP with the regenerating antibacterial property may have great potential for application in packaging, filters, and hygienic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory
of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory
of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jianqiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory
of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jinrong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory
of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory
of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhengzhong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory
of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Mamun A, Blachowicz T, Sabantina L. Electrospun Nanofiber Mats for Filtering Applications-Technology, Structure and Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1368. [PMID: 33922156 PMCID: PMC8122750 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the biggest health and environmental problems in the world and a huge threat to human health on a global scale. Due to the great impact of respiratory viral infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, lung disease, and heart disease, respiratory allergies are increasing significantly every year. Because of the special properties of electrospun nanofiber mats, e.g., large surface-to-volume ratio and low basis weight, uniform size, and nanoporous structure, nanofiber mats are the preferred choice for use in large-scale air filtration applications. In this review, we summarize the significant studies on electrospun nanofiber mats for filtration applications, present the electrospinning technology, show the structure and mechanism of air filtration. In addition, an overview of current air filtration materials derived from bio- and synthetic polymers and blends is provided. Apart from this, the use of biopolymers in filtration applications is still relatively new and this field is still under-researched. The application areas of air filtration materials are discussed here and future prospects are summarized in conclusion. In order to develop new effective filtration materials, it is necessary to understand the interaction between technology, materials, and filtration mechanisms, and this study was intended to contribute to this effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Mamun
- Junior Research Group “Nanomaterials”, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany;
| | - Tomasz Blachowicz
- Institute of Physics-CSE, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Lilia Sabantina
- Junior Research Group “Nanomaterials”, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany;
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10
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Ma Y, Wisuthiphaet N, Bolt H, Nitin N, Zhao Q, Wang D, Pourdeyhimi B, Grondin P, Sun G. N-Halamine Polypropylene Nonwoven Fabrics with Rechargeable Antibacterial and Antiviral Functions for Medical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2329-2336. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Nicharee Wisuthiphaet
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Hunter Bolt
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Nitin Nitin
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Qinghua Zhao
- Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Behnam Pourdeyhimi
- The Nonwoven Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Pierre Grondin
- The Nonwoven Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, California 95616, United States
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11
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Aragaw TA. Surgical face masks as a potential source for microplastic pollution in the COVID-19 scenario. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 159:111517. [PMID: 32763564 PMCID: PMC7381927 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although there have been enormous reports on the microplastic pollution from different plastic products, impacts, controlling mechanisms in recent years, the surgical face masks, made up of polymeric materials, as a source of microplastic pollution potential in the ecosystem are not fully understood and considered yet. Current studies are mostly stated out that microplastics pollution should be a big deal because of their enormous effect on the aquatic biota, and the entire environment. Due to the complicated conditions of the aquatic bodies, microplastics could have multiple effects, and reports so far are still lacking. In addition to real microplastic pollutions which has been known before, face mask as a potential microplastic source could be also researching out, including the management system, in detail. It is noted that face masks are easily ingested by higher organisms, such as fishes, and microorganisms in the aquatic life which will affect the food chain and finally chronic health problems to humans. As a result, microplastic from the face mask should be a focus worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadele Assefa Aragaw
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology-Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
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