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Sun X, Jia X, Tan Z, Fan D, Chen M, Cui N, Liu A, Liu D. Oral Nanoformulations in Cardiovascular Medicine: Advances in Atherosclerosis Treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:919. [PMID: 39065770 PMCID: PMC11279631 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the formation of atherosclerotic plaques on the walls of the arteries, causing them to narrow. If this occurs in the coronary arteries, the blood vessels may be completely blocked, resulting in myocardial infarction; if it occurs in the blood vessels of the brain, the blood vessels may be blocked, resulting in cerebral infarction, i.e., stroke. Studies have shown that the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis involves the processes of inflammation, lipid infiltration, oxidative stress, and endothelial damage, etc. SIRT, as a key factor regulating the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress, inflammation, and aging, has an important impact on the pathogenesis of plaque formation, progression, and vulnerability. Statistics show that AS accounts for about 50 per cent of deaths in Western countries. Currently, oral medication is the mainstay of AS treatment, but its development is limited by side effects, low bioavailability and other unfavourable factors. In recent years, with the rapid development of nano-preparations, researchers have combined statins and natural product drugs within nanopreparations to improve their bioavailability. Based on this, this paper summarises the main pathogenesis of AS and also proposes new oral nanoformulations such as liposomes, nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, and nanocapsules to improve their application in the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aidong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (X.S.); (X.J.); (Z.T.); (D.F.); (M.C.); (N.C.)
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (X.S.); (X.J.); (Z.T.); (D.F.); (M.C.); (N.C.)
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Samadd MA, Hossain MJ, Zahan MS, Islam MM, Rashid MA. A comprehensive account on ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacological insights of genus Celtis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29707. [PMID: 38726115 PMCID: PMC11078770 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The plants of Celtis L. genus have been traditionally used to cure aches, sore throats, fevers, cancer, sexually transmitted diseases, sexual weakness, diarrhea, stomach problems, amenorrhea, menstrual disorders, kidney stones, and pain. The review aims to give a comprehensive account of the current state of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and biological activities of the Celtis genus, as well as to describe the potential area of future avenues. Information on the Celtis genus was obtained from internet sources such as Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and so on by using appropriate keywords, including ethnobotanical, pharmacological, pharmaceutical, bioactivity, phytochemistry, and botanical features of the Celtis genus. This review identified 14 species in the genus Celtis that have a phytopharmacological investigation, including C.africana Burm. f., C. australis L., C. occidentalis L., C. sinensis Pers., C. philippensis Blanco., C. tetrandra Roxb., C. tessmannii Rendle., C. jessoensis Koidz., C. adolfi-friderici Engl., C. iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg., C. laevigata Wild., C. pallida Torr., C. zenkeri Engl., and C. tournefortii Lam. This genus contains many classified phytoconstituents, such as terpenoids, organic acids, flavonoids, and volatile compounds. Their extracts and pure substances have been shown to have the same anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, urease-inhibiting, and antidiarrheal properties as their traditional uses. In terms of current information on ethnopharmacology, phytochemicals, and pharmacological uses, the data acquired in this review could be beneficial and needed for future research. Some phytoconstituents (for instance, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, and eugenol) and extracts (for example, leaves, seeds, and ripe fruits extracts of C. australis) showed tremendous results in preliminary testing with promising antimicrobial, anticancer, and urease inhibitory effects. Further research and clinical investigations are needed to develop them as lead compounds and neutraceuticals, which may provide an advance over traditional medicinal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdus Samadd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, South Purbachal, Dhaka, 1461, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, South Purbachal, Dhaka, 1461, Bangladesh
| | - Miss Sharmin Zahan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, South Purbachal, Dhaka, 1461, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Monirul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, South Purbachal, Dhaka, 1461, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A. Rashid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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Okesina KB, Odetayo AF, Adeyemi WJ, Ajibare AJ, Okesina AA, Olayaki LA. Naringin from sweet orange peel improves testicular function in high fat diet-induced diabetic rats by modulating xanthine oxidase/uric acid signaling and maintaining redox balance. Lab Anim Res 2024; 40:5. [PMID: 38369526 PMCID: PMC10874537 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-024-00188-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder affecting many organs, including the testis. Naringin from orange peel extract (OPE) is a flavanone with fertility-enhancing properties. Hence, this study was designed to establish the effect of naringin on T2DM-induced testicular dysfunction. Thirty male (30) Wistar rats were randomized into five groups control, diabetes, diabetes + naringin, diabetes + OPE, and diabetes + metformin. The administrations were via the oral route and lasted for 28 days. RESULTS Naringin ameliorated T2DM-induced increase in FBS and decrease in serum insulin. It also abrogated T2DM-induced decrease in sperm quality, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, estradiol, prolactin, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and total antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, naringin prevented a T2DM-induced increase in malonaldehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, C-reactive protein, xanthine oxidase (XO), and uric acid (UA), it was accompanied by the restoration of normal testicular histoarchitecture. CONCLUSIONS Naringin prevented T2DM-induced testicular dysfunction by modulating XO/UA and restoring redox balance. Also, while the animals treated with OPE exhibited better ameliorative effects than their counterparts treated with naringin, the findings from this study showed that naringin would be a promising supplement for treating T2DM-induced male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazeem Bidemi Okesina
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Adeyemi Fatai Odetayo
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Health Sciences, Ila Orangun, Nigeria.
| | | | | | - Akeem Ayodeji Okesina
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Community Health, School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
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Peng Y, Qu R, Xu S, Bi H, Guo D. Regulatory mechanism and therapeutic potentials of naringin against inflammatory disorders. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24619. [PMID: 38317884 PMCID: PMC10839891 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Naringin is a natural flavonoid with therapeutic properties found in citrus fruits and an active natural product from herbal plants. Naringin has become a focus of attention in recent years because of its ability to actively participate in the body's immune response and maintain the integrity of the immune barrier. This review aims to elucidate the mechanism of action and therapeutic efficacy of naringin in various inflammatory diseases and to provide a valuable reference for further research in this field. The review provided the chemical structure, bioavailability, pharmacological properties, and pharmacokinetics of naringin and found that naringin has good therapeutic potential for inflammatory diseases, exerting anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative stress, anti-ulcerative and detoxifying effects in the disease. Moreover, we found that the great advantage of naringin treatment is that it is safe and can even alleviate the toxic side effects associated with some of the other drugs, which may become a highlight of naringin research. Naringin, an active natural product, plays a significant role in systemic diseases' anti-inflammatory and antioxidant regulation through various signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Peng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Ruyi Qu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Shuqin Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Dadong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
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Mehranfard N, Ghasemi M, Rajabian A, Ansari L. Protective potential of naringenin and its nanoformulations in redox mechanisms of injury and disease. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22820. [PMID: 38058425 PMCID: PMC10696200 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that elevated intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Increased intracellular levels of ROS can lead to the oxidation of lipids, DNA, and proteins, contributing to cellular damage. Hence, the maintenance of redox hemostasis is essential. Naringenin (NAR) is a flavonoid included in the flavanones subcategory. Various pharmacological actions have been ascribable to this phytochemical composition, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, antiadipogenic, neuro-, and cardio-protective activities. This review focused on the underlying mechanism responsible for the antioxidative stress properties of NAR and its' nanoformulations. Several lines of in vitro and in vivo investigations suggest the effects of NAR and its nanoformulation on their target cells via modulating signaling pathways. These nanoformulations include nanoemulsion, nanocarriers, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), and nanomicelle. This review also highlights several beneficial health effects of NAR nanoformulations on human diseases including brain disorders, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and small intestine injuries. Employing nanoformulation can improve the pharmacokinetic properties of NAR and consequently efficiency by reducing its limitations, such as low bioavailability. The protective effects of NAR and its' nanoformulations against oxidative stress may be linked to the modulation of Nrf2-heme oxygenase-1, NO/cGMP/potassium channel, COX-2, NF-κB, AMPK/SIRT3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, BDNF, NOX, and LOX-1 pathways. Understanding the mechanism behind the protective effects of NAR can facilitate drug development for the treatment of oxidative stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Mehranfard
- Nanokadeh Darooee Samen Private Joint Stock Company, Urmia, 5715793731, Iran
| | - Maedeh Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rajabian
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Legha Ansari
- Nanokadeh Darooee Samen Private Joint Stock Company, Urmia, 5715793731, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Fraga CG, Oteiza PI, Hid EJ, Galleano M. (Poly)phenols and the regulation of NADPH oxidases. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102927. [PMID: 37857000 PMCID: PMC10587761 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOXs) are enzymes that generate superoxide anion (O2•-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and that are widely distributed in mammalian tissues. Many bioactives, especially plant (poly)phenols are being studied for their capacity to regulate NOXs. The modulation of these enzymes are of central relevance to maintain redox homeostasis and regulate cell signaling. In in vitro and ex vivo assays, and in experimental animal models, different (poly)phenols are able to modulate NOX-dependent generation of O2•- and H2O2. Mechanistically, most of the known effects of (poly)phenols and of their metabolites on NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4, include the modulation of: i) the expression of the different constituent subunits, and/or ii) posttranslational modifications involved in the assembly and translocation of the protein complexes. Very limited evidence is available on a direct action of (poly)phenols on NOX active site (electron-transferring protein). Moreover, it is suggested that the regulation by (poly)phenols of systemic events, e.g. inflammation, is frequently associated with their capacity to regulate NOX activation. Although of physiological significance, more studies are needed to understand the specific targets/mechanisms of NOX regulation by (poly)phenols, and the (poly)phenol chemical structures and moieties directly involved in the observed effects. It should be kept in mind the difficulties of NOX's studies associated with the complexity of NOXs biochemistry and the methodological limitations of O2•- and H2O2 the determinations. Studies relating human ingestion of specific (poly)phenols, with NOX activity and disease conditions, are guaranteed to better understand the health importance of (poly)phenol consumption and the involvement of NOXs as biological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar G Fraga
- Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Nutrition University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Patricia I Oteiza
- Department of Nutrition University of California, Davis, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Ezequiel J Hid
- Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Monica Galleano
- Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Yan Q, Liu S, Sun Y, Chen C, Yang S, Lin M, Long J, Yao J, Lin Y, Yi F, Meng L, Tan Y, Ai Q, Chen N, Yang Y. Targeting oxidative stress as a preventive and therapeutic approach for cardiovascular disease. J Transl Med 2023; 21:519. [PMID: 37533007 PMCID: PMC10394930 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04361-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to exert a significant impact on global mortality rates, encompassing conditions like pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), atherosclerosis (AS), and myocardial infarction (MI). Oxidative stress (OS) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and advancement of CVDs, highlighting its significance as a contributing factor. Maintaining an equilibrium between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant systems not only aids in mitigating oxidative stress but also confers protective benefits on cardiac health. Herbal monomers can inhibit OS in CVDs by activating multiple signaling pathways, such as increasing the activity of endogenous antioxidant systems and decreasing the level of ROS expression. Given the actions of herbal monomers to significantly protect the normal function of the heart and reduce the damage caused by OS to the organism. Hence, it is imperative to recognize the significance of herbal monomers as prospective therapeutic interventions for mitigating oxidative damage in CVDs. This paper aims to comprehensively review the origins and mechanisms underlying OS, elucidate the intricate association between CVDs and OS, and explore the therapeutic potential of antioxidant treatment utilizing herbal monomers. Furthermore, particular emphasis will be placed on examining the cardioprotective effects of herbal monomers by evaluating their impact on cardiac signaling pathways subsequent to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yan
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Hospital for Matemal&Child Health Care, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Songwei Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Meiyu Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Junpeng Long
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Jiao Yao
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yuting Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Fan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yong Tan
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Qidi Ai
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
| | - Naihong Chen
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yantao Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
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Khorsandi L, Heidari-Moghadam A, Younesi E, Javad Khodayar M, Asadi-Fard Y. Naringenin ameliorates cytotoxic effects of bisphenol A on mouse Sertoli cells by suppressing oxidative stress and modulating mitophagy: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2023; 22:219-228. [PMID: 38868445 PMCID: PMC11165226 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v22i3.16166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting agent, is widely used as polycarbonate plastics for producing food containers. BPA exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations can cause reproductive disorders. Objective The effect of Naringenin (NG) on BPA-induced Sertoli cell toxicity and its mechanism was examined in the present study. Materials and Methods In this experimental-laboratory study, the mouse TM4 cells were treated to BPA (0.8 μM) or NG for 24 hr at concentrations of 10, 20, and 50 μg/ml. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant level, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were examined. The expression of mitophagy-related genes, including Parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (Pink1), was also evaluated. Results BPA significantly lowered the viability of the Sertoli cells (p= 0.004). Pink1 and Parkin levels of the BPA group were significantly increased (p < 0.001), while the MMP was considerably decreased (p < 0.001). BPA raised MDA and ROS levels (p < 0.001) and reduced antioxidant biomarkers (p= 0.003). NG at the 20 and 50 μg/ml concentrations could significantly improve the viability and MMP of TM4 cells (p= 0.034). NG depending on concentration, could decrease Pink1 and Parkin at mRNA and protein levels compared to the BPA group (p = 0.024). NG enhanced antioxidant factors, while ROS and MDA levels were decreased in the BPA-exposed cells. Conclusion The beneficial impacts of NG on BPA-exposed Sertoli cells are related to the suppression of mitophagy and the reduction of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abbas Heidari-Moghadam
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Elham Younesi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yousef Asadi-Fard
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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Pengnet S, Sumarithum P, Phongnu N, Prommaouan S, Kantip N, Phoungpetchara I, Malakul W. Naringin attenuates fructose-induced NAFLD progression in rats through reducing endogenous triglyceride synthesis and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1049818. [PMID: 36588703 PMCID: PMC9797507 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1049818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Excessive fructose consumption causes hepatic lipid accumulation via increased triglyceride (TG) synthesis, leading to the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD). Naringin, a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruit, has antioxidant and hypolipidemic properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of naringin on fructose-induced NAFLD in rats and the possible underlying mechanism. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were given 10% (w/v) fructose in drinking water for 12 weeks. Naringin (100 mg/kg/day) was administered orally to rats for the last 4 weeks of fructose overload. After 12 weeks of treatment, the hepatic lipid content was determined. In addition, the expression of proteins involved in de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and TG synthesis as well as antioxidant and inflammatory mediators in the liver were examined by western blot analysis. Results: Treatment of fructose-fed rats with naringin significantly decreased the hepatic TG and cholesterol content as well as serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities. Naringin treatment also decreased the hepatic expression of carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and nuclear SREBP-1c (nSREBP-1c) as well as enzymes involved in DNL (acetyl CoA carboxylase [ACC] and fatty acid synthase [FAS]) and an enzyme involved in TG synthesis (glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1 [GPAT-1] and diacylglycerol acyltransferase2 [DGAT2]) in fructose-fed rats. In addition, naringin induced a significant decrease in the hepatic expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Furthermore, naringin administration restored the expression of the antioxidant mediators nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the liver of fructose-fed rats. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that oral administration of naringin protects against fructose-induced hepatic steatosis by decreasing DNL and TG synthesis. In addition, naringin could prevent NAFLD progression via targeting the Nrf2/HO-1 and the NF-κB/TNF-α pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinat Pengnet
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Phinsuda Sumarithum
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Nuttaphong Phongnu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sakdina Prommaouan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Napapas Kantip
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Ittipon Phoungpetchara
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Wachirawadee Malakul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand,Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand,*Correspondence: Wachirawadee Malakul,
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10
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Ciccone L, Piragine E, Brogi S, Camodeca C, Fucci R, Calderone V, Nencetti S, Martelli A, Orlandini E. Resveratrol-like Compounds as SIRT1 Activators. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315105. [PMID: 36499460 PMCID: PMC9738298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activator resveratrol has emerged as a promising candidate for the prevention of vascular oxidative stress, which is a trigger for endothelial dysfunction. However, its clinical use is limited by low oral bioavailability. In this work, we have applied a previously developed computational protocol to identify the most promising derivatives from our in-house chemical library of resveratrol derivatives. The most promising compounds in terms of SIRT1 activation and oral bioavailability, predicted in silico, were evaluated for their ability to activate the isolated SIRT1 enzyme. Then, we assessed the antioxidant effects of the most effective derivative, compound 3d, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) injured with H2O2 100 µM. The SIRT1 activator 3d significantly preserved cell viability and prevented an intracellular reactive oxygen species increase in HUVECs exposed to the oxidative stimulus. Such effects were partially reduced in the presence of a sirtuin inhibitor, sirtinol, confirming the potential role of sirtuins in the activity of resveratrol and its derivatives. Although 3d appeared less effective than resveratrol in activating the isolated enzyme, the effects exhibited by both compounds in HUVECs were almost superimposable, suggesting a higher ability of 3d to cross cell membranes and activate the intracellular target SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Center for Instrument Sharing, University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Eugenia Piragine
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Caterina Camodeca
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Raffaele Fucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Center for Instrument Sharing, University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Susanna Nencetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Center for Instrument Sharing, University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Center for Instrument Sharing, University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Orlandini
- Department of Earth Science, University of Pisa, Via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Research Centre E. Piaggio, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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11
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Termkwancharoen C, Malakul W, Phetrungnapha A, Tunsophon S. Naringin Ameliorates Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Improves Insulin Resistance in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance in Obese Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194120. [PMID: 36235772 PMCID: PMC9571698 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity causes progressive lipid accumulation and insulin resistance within muscle cells and affects skeletal muscle fibres and muscle mass that demonstrates atrophy and dysfunction. This study investigated the effects of naringin on the metabolic processes of skeletal muscle in obese rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups: the control group with normal diet and the obese groups, which were induced with a high-fat diet (HFD) for the first 4 weeks and then treated with 40 mg/kg of simvastatin and 50 and 100 mg/kg of naringin from week 4 to 8. The naringin-treated group showed reduced body weight, biochemical parameters, and the mRNA expressions of protein degradation. Moreover, increased levels of antioxidant enzymes, glycogen, glucose uptake, the expression of the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), the glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), and the mRNA expressions of protein synthesis led to improved muscle mass in the naringin-treated groups. The in vitro part showed the inhibitory effects of naringin on digestive enzymes related to lipid and glucose homeostasis. This study demonstrates the potential benefits of naringin as a supplement for treating muscle abnormalities in obese rats by modulating the antioxidative status, regulating protein metabolism, and improved insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of HFD-induced insulin resistance in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutimon Termkwancharoen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Wachirawadee Malakul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Amnat Phetrungnapha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Sakara Tunsophon
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-55-964655
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12
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Prommaouan S, Nernpermpisooth N, Pengnet S, Paseephol T, Tunsophon S, Malakul W. Wax apple (Syzygium samarangense) fruit extract ameliorates endothelial dysfunction and liver damage in high cholesterol diet-fed rats. J Tradit Complement Med 2022; 12:584-593. [PMID: 36325247 PMCID: PMC9618390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Wax apple fruit (Syzygium samarangense) is one of the most popular tropical fruit in Asia, and contains several essential nutrients. Therefore, this study explored the effects of the wax apple fruit extract on a high-cholesterol diet-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction and fatty liver in rats. Experimental procedure Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed a diet with 1.5% cholesterol (HCD) for 8 weeks, and were given wax apple fruit extract (50 and 100 mg/kg/day) orally for the last 4 weeks. After 8 weeks, blood sample, thoracic aorta, and liver were collected and processed for biochemical and histological analysis. Additionally, vascular endothelial function and the protein expression of oxidative stress markers in aortae were evaluated. Results and conclusion Wax apple reduced serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), but increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Furthermore, the liver levels of TG and TC were reduced in wax apple-treated hypercholesterolemic rats. Histological studies revealed that wax apple ameliorated HCD-induced morphologic changes of aortic and liver tissues of rats. In aortic tissues, the impaired endothelium-dependent responses to acetylcholine, the reduced nitric oxide (NO) contents, the elevated endothelin (ET)-1 contents, and the increased expression of NADPH oxidase subunit p47phox and 4-hydroxynonenal in HCD-fed rats were reversed by wax apple treatment. These results suggest that oral administration of wax apple improves vascular dysfunction and damage in hypercholesterolemic rats possibly through increasing NO bioavailability, decreasing ET-1 levels and reducing oxidative stress. Furthermore, wax apple ameliorates the HCD-induced fatty liver in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakdina Prommaouan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Nitirut Nernpermpisooth
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Sirinat Pengnet
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Tatdao Paseephol
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Sakara Tunsophon
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Wachirawadee Malakul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Corresponding author. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Muang, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
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13
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Zhang HH, Zhou XJ, Zhong YS, Ji LT, Yu WY, Fang J, Ying HZ, Li CY. Naringin suppressed airway inflammation and ameliorated pulmonary endothelial hyperpermeability by upregulating Aquaporin1 in lipopolysaccharide/cigarette smoke-induced mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113035. [PMID: 35658207 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringin is one of the natural flavonoids extracted from many Chinese medicines. It ameliorates endothelial dysfunctions in atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases through free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of naringin against pulmonary endothelial permeability in addition to airway inflammation in lipopolysaccharide/cigarette smoke (LPS/CS)-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mice.The COPD mice were exposed to LPS twice through intranasal inhalation and then to cigarette smoke daily for 6 weeks. The mice were orally administrated with naringin at doses of 40 or 80 mg/kg one hour before cigarette smoke exposure since the first day of the experiment. Naringin significantly alleviated pulmonary histopathological injury, and suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine release in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Naringin decreased fluorescence intensity of Evans Blue in the lung tissues, and elevated the expression levels of tight junctional proteins. Meanwhile, naringin decreased neutrophil/lymphocyte/platelet counts and MDA content in blood, and upregulated Aquaporin1 (AQP1) in the lung tissues. However, the effect of naringin on airway inflammation and pulmonary endothelial permeability was inhibited in LPS/CS-treatment AQP1 deficiency mice. These results indicated that naringin attenuated LPS/CS-induced airway inflammatory and pulmonary hyperpermeability via upregulating AQP1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal's & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Sen Zhong
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal's & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Ting Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Ying Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal's & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal's & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Zhong Ying
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal's & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Chang-Yu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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14
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Ataie Z, Fatehi-Hassanabad Z, Nakhaee S, Foadoddini M, Farrokhfall K. Sex-specific endothelial dysfunction induced by high-cholesterol diet in rats: The role of protein tyrosine kinase and nitric oxide. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:745-754. [PMID: 35144857 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherosclerosis is a chronic process playing a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Sex-specific differences in the incidence of atherosclerosis indicate that estrogen has a protective effect on the cardiovascular disease. However, the role of sex on endothelium responses in animal models of high cholesterol (HC) diet-induced atherosclerosis has not been fully investigated. This study was aimed to investigate vascular responses in HC-fed rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Male and female Sprague rats (12-week-old) were treated with either a standard diet (n = 12 of each sex) or an HC enriched diet (n = 12 of each sex) containing 2% cholesterol for 24 weeks. HC treated animals (both sexes) showed increased levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and blood pressure (BP) compared to control rats. While the BP of control rats (both sexes) was increased following aminoguanidine administration (AG, 100 mg/kg i.p.), it was not changed in HC animals (both sexes). The hypotensive effect of acetylcholine was significantly impaired in male HC-treated rats. In vitro experiments demonstrated that aortic rings from HC group (both sexes) had an increased contractile response to phenylephrine and a decreased vasodilatory response to acetylcholine. The vasorelaxant effect of acetylcholine in HC rats (only male) was improved by applying 10-5 M genistein (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) or AG. CONCLUSION HC diet alters endothelium function through Nitric oxide (NO) and tyrosine kinase pathways in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zomorrod Ataie
- Health Clinical Science Research Center, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Zahedan, Iran
| | | | - Samaneh Nakhaee
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohsen Foadoddini
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Farrokhfall
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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15
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Jiang M, Zhao XM, Jiang ZS, Wang GX, Zhang DW. Protein tyrosine nitration in atherosclerotic endothelial dysfunction. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 529:34-41. [PMID: 35149004 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can induce both protein tyrosine nitration and endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction refers to impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation that can be triggered by an imbalance in nitric oxide (NO) production and consumption. ROS reacts with NO to generate peroxynitrite, decreasing NO bioavailability. Peroxynitrite also promotes protein tyrosine nitration in vivo that can affect protein structure and function and further damage endothelial function. In this review, we discuss the process of protein tyrosine nitration, increased expression of nitrated proteins in cardiovascular disease and their association with endothelial dysfunction, and the interference of tyrosine nitration with antioxidants and the protective role in endothelial dysfunction. These may lead us to the conception that protein tyrosine nitration may be one of the causes of endothelial dysfunction, and help us gain information about the mechanism of endothelial dysfunction underlying atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic disease, Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering Collage of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhao
- College of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic disease, Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Gui-Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering Collage of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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16
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The Effect of Dietary Polyphenols on Vascular Health and Hypertension: Current Evidence and Mechanisms of Action. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030545. [PMID: 35276904 PMCID: PMC8840535 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review was to explore existing evidence from studies conducted on humans and summarize the mechanisms of action of dietary polyphenols on vascular health, blood pressure and hypertension. There is evidence that some polyphenol-rich foods, including berry fruits rich in anthocyanins, cocoa and green tea rich in flavan-3-ols, almonds and pistachios rich in hydroxycinnamic acids, and soy products rich in isoflavones, are able to improve blood pressure levels. A variety of mechanisms can elucidate the observed effects. Some limitations of the evidence, including variability of polyphenol content in plant-derived foods and human absorption, difficulty disentangling the effects of polyphenols from other dietary compounds, and discrepancy of doses between animal and human studies should be taken into account. While no single food counteracts hypertension, adopting a plant-based dietary pattern including a variety of polyphenol-rich foods is an advisable practice to improve blood pressure.
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17
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Viswanatha GL, Shylaja H, Keni R, Nandakumar K, Rajesh S. A systematic review and meta‐analysis on the cardio‐protective activity of naringin based on pre‐clinical evidences. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1064-1092. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raghuvir Keni
- Department of Pharmacology Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal India
| | - Krishnadas Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal India
| | - Subbanna Rajesh
- Department of Pharmacology Government College of Pharmacy Bangalore India
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18
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Namwong A, Kumphune S, Seenak P, Chotima R, Nernpermpisooth N, Malakul W. Pineapple fruit improves vascular endothelial dysfunction, hepatic steatosis, and cholesterol metabolism in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. Food Funct 2022; 13:9988-9998. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01199a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolaemia is a significant risk factor for developing vascular disease and fatty liver. Pineapple (Ananas comosus), a tropical fruit widely cultivated in Asia, is reported to exhibit antioxidant and cholesterol-lowering...
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19
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Leong XF. Lipid Oxidation Products on Inflammation-Mediated Hypertension and Atherosclerosis: A Mini Review. Front Nutr 2021; 8:717740. [PMID: 34660660 PMCID: PMC8514637 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.717740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis are the common causes of mortality in developed and developing countries. Repeated heating of the dietary oil is a common practice to reduce cost during food preparation. When the cooking oil is heated at high temperatures, production of free radicals augments the oxidative degradation of lipids and depletes the natural antioxidant contents of the cooking oil. Chronic intake of foods prepared using reheated oil could impair antioxidant capacity, leading to oxidative stress and inflammation. This review aims to summarize the current evidence of lipid oxidation products on hypertension and atherosclerosis via inflammatory pathway. In particular, toxic lipid oxidation products such as malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal are taken into account. Understanding the signaling pathways underlying the pathology associated with the lipid oxidation-derived aldehydes may be useful to develop therapeutic strategies for the prevention of inflammatory-related cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Fang Leong
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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20
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Khan J, Deb PK, Priya S, Medina KD, Devi R, Walode SG, Rudrapal M. Dietary Flavonoids: Cardioprotective Potential with Antioxidant Effects and Their Pharmacokinetic, Toxicological and Therapeutic Concerns. Molecules 2021; 26:4021. [PMID: 34209338 PMCID: PMC8272101 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids comprise a large group of structurally diverse polyphenolic compounds of plant origin and are abundantly found in human diet such as fruits, vegetables, grains, tea, dairy products, red wine, etc. Major classes of flavonoids include flavonols, flavones, flavanones, flavanols, anthocyanidins, isoflavones, and chalcones. Owing to their potential health benefits and medicinal significance, flavonoids are now considered as an indispensable component in a variety of medicinal, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic preparations. Moreover, flavonoids play a significant role in preventing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which could be mainly due to their antioxidant, antiatherogenic, and antithrombotic effects. Epidemiological and in vitro/in vivo evidence of antioxidant effects supports the cardioprotective function of dietary flavonoids. Further, the inhibition of LDL oxidation and platelet aggregation following regular consumption of food containing flavonoids and moderate consumption of red wine might protect against atherosclerosis and thrombosis. One study suggests that daily intake of 100 mg of flavonoids through the diet may reduce the risk of developing morbidity and mortality due to coronary heart disease (CHD) by approximately 10%. This review summarizes dietary flavonoids with their sources and potential health implications in CVDs including various redox-active cardioprotective (molecular) mechanisms with antioxidant effects. Pharmacokinetic (oral bioavailability, drug metabolism), toxicological, and therapeutic aspects of dietary flavonoids are also addressed herein with future directions for the discovery and development of useful drug candidates/therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Prashanta Kumar Deb
- Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati 781035, Assam, India; (P.K.D.); (R.D.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Somi Priya
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India;
| | - Karla Damián Medina
- Food Technology Unit, Centre for Research and Assistance in Technology and Design of Jalisco State A.C., Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío del Arenal, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Rajlakshmi Devi
- Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati 781035, Assam, India; (P.K.D.); (R.D.)
| | - Sanjay G. Walode
- Rasiklal M. Dhariwal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Chinchwad, Pune 411019, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Mithun Rudrapal
- Rasiklal M. Dhariwal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Chinchwad, Pune 411019, Maharashtra, India;
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21
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Mohd Rosmi NSA, Shafie NH, Azlan A, Abdullah MA. Functional food mixtures: Inhibition of lipid peroxidation, HMGCoA reductase, and ACAT2 in hypercholesterolemia-induced rats. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:875-887. [PMID: 33598171 PMCID: PMC7866612 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixtures of selected functional foods (MSFF) were composed of nattokinase (fermented soybean), red yeast rice extract, Ginkgo biloba, oat fiber, garlic, bee pollen, and propolis as anti-hypercholesterolemic were studied. The goal of this study was to determine the bioactive compounds in these mixtures and their cholesterol-lowering potential effects (biochemical profiles, lipid peroxidation, liver tissue histopathology, and enzymatic activity analysis; HMGCoA reductase and ACAT2. The LC-MS/MS analysis showed that bioactive compounds such as Monacolin K, naringin, tocopherol, and glutamate, which have potential as anti-hypercholesterolemic agents, were present in these functional food mixtures. MSFF supplementation at 50 mg/kg 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg showed substantial reductions in serum lipid profiles (TC and LDL) (p < .05). The serum liver profiles of AST (115.33 ± 8.69 U/L) and ALT (61.00 ± 1.00 U/L) were significantly reduced (p < .05) with MSFF supplementation at 200 mg/kg. MDA lipid peroxidation has also decreased significantly (p < .05) in serum (3.69 ± 0.42 μmol/L) and liver (15.04 ± 0.97 μmol/mg) tissues and has been shown to protect against hepatic steatosis. The significant (p < .05) inhibition activity of HMGCoA reductase (163.82 ± 3.50 pg/ml) and ACAT2 (348.35 ± 18.85 pg/ml) was also attributed by the supplementation of MSFF at 200 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nurul Husna Shafie
- Department of NutritionFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)SerdangMalaysia
- Laboratory of UPM‐MAKNA Cancer ResearchInstitute of BioscienceUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdangMalaysia
| | - Azrina Azlan
- Department of NutritionFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)SerdangMalaysia
| | - Maizaton Atmadini Abdullah
- Department of PathologyFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)SerdangMalaysia
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22
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Akintunde JK, Akintola TE, Aliu FH, Fajoye MO, Adimchi SO. Naringin regulates erectile dysfunction by abolition of apoptosis and inflammation through NOS/cGMP/PKG signalling pathway on exposure to Bisphenol-A in hypertensive rat model. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 95:123-136. [PMID: 32428650 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of naringin (NRG) on extracellular metabolism of ATP through the NOS/cGMP/PKG signaling pathway induced by Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) on exposure to Bisphenol-A (BPA) in penis. Fifty-six adult male albino rats were randomly distributed into eight (n = 7) groups. Group I: control animals, Group II was treated with 40 mg/kg L-NAME, Group III was treated with 50 mg/kg BPA, Group IV was treated with 40 mg/kg L-NAME +50 mg/kg BPA. Group V was administered with 40 mg/kg L-NAME +80 mg/kg NRG. Group VI was administered with 50 mg/kg BPA + 80 mg/kg NRG. Group VII was administered with 40 mg/kg L-NAME+50 mg/kg BPA + 80 mg/kg NRG. Lastly, group VIII was treated with 80 mg/kg NRG for 14 days. NRG prevented hypertension and erectile dysfunction by inhibiting the activities of angiotensin-converting enzymes, arginase, and phosphodiesterase-51 (PDE-51) with corresponding down-regulation of inflammatory markers including TNF-α and IL-B. Additionally, hypertensive erectile dysfunction was remarkably prevented by NRG as manifested by the declined activities of AChE, MAO-A and enzymes of ATP hydrolysis (ATPase, ADPase, AMPase and ADA) with resultant increase in NO level. Also, penile expression of antigen presenting cells, CD43 transcript, caspace-9 and tumor suppressor P53 proteins were repressed on treatment with NRG. This study validates the hypothesis that NRG may be a valuable remedy in abrogating penile inflammatory markers, apoptosis and enzymes of ATP-hydrolysis via NOS/cGMP/PKG signaling pathways in hypertensive rat model on exposure to environmental toxicant.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Akintunde
- Applied Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | - T E Akintola
- Applied Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - F H Aliu
- Applied Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - M O Fajoye
- Applied Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - S O Adimchi
- Applied Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
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