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Wang JL, Chen YS, Huang KC, Yeh CH, Chen MCM, Wu LSH, Chiu YH. Resistant Starch-Encapsulated Probiotics Attenuate Colorectal Cancer Cachexia and 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Microbial Dysbiosis. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1450. [PMID: 39062024 PMCID: PMC11274618 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is commonly used as the primary chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, it can lead to unwanted chemoresistance. Resistant starch (RS), which functions similarly to fermentable dietary fiber, has the potential to reduce the risk of CRC. The effects of RS on improving CRC-associated cachectic symptoms and 5-FU chemotherapy-induced microbial dysbiosis remain unknown. Female BALB/cByJNarl mice were randomly divided into four groups: one tumor group (with CT26 colonic carcinoma but no treatment) and three CT26 colonic carcinoma-bearing groups that were administered 20 mg/kg 5-FU (T+5-FU group), a probiotic cocktail (4 × 108 CFUs) plus chemotherapy (T+5-FU+Pro), or resistant-starch-encapsulated probiotics plus chemotherapy (T+5-FU+RS-Pro). T+5-FU and T+5-FU+RS-Pro administration significantly suppressed tumor growth and activated apoptotic cell death in CT26-bearing mice. 5-FU-induced increases in inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB signaling were mitigated by the Pro or RS-Pro supplementation. A gut microbial composition comparison indicated that the abundance of intestinal bacteria in the T and T+5-FU groups decreased significantly, while the groups receiving Pro or RS-Pro maintained a greater abundance and healthy gut microbiota composition, suggesting that RS can reduce the microbial dysbiosis that occurs during 5-FU chemotherapy. The use of RS-Pro before chemotherapy should be considered for the regulation of chemotherapy-associated cachectic symptoms, inflammation, and chemotherapy-induced microbial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Ling Wang
- Animal Testing Division, National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Tainan 744, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Siang Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, Taipei 111, Taiwan;
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chin Huang
- Holistic Education Center, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Hsing Yeh
- Fecula Biotech Co., Ltd., Tainan 744, Taiwan; (C.-H.Y.); (M.C.-M.C.)
| | | | - Lawrence Shih-Hsin Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Han Chiu
- Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, Taipei 111, Taiwan;
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Nkeck JR, Tchuisseu-Kwangoua AL, Pelda A, Tamko WC, Hamadjoda S, Essama DB, Fojo B, Niasse M, Diallo S, Ngandeu-Singwé M. Current Approaches to Prevent or Reverse Microbiome Dysbiosis in Chronic Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases. Mediterr J Rheumatol 2024; 35:220-233. [PMID: 39211023 PMCID: PMC11350408 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.240224.cap] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Advances in knowledge of the microbiome and its relationship with the immune system have led to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (CIRD). Indeed, the microbiome dysbiosis now occupies a particular place with implications for the determinism and clinical expression of CIRD, as well as the therapeutic response of affected patients. Several approaches exist to limit the impact of the microbiome during CIRD. This review aimed to present current strategies to prevent or reverse microbiome dysbiosis based on existing knowledge, in order to provide practical information to healthcare professionals treating patients suffering from CIRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan René Nkeck
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ange Larissa Tchuisseu-Kwangoua
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adeline Pelda
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Rheumatology Unit, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Wilson Chia Tamko
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Rheumatology Unit, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Saquinatou Hamadjoda
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Rheumatology Unit, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Doris Bibi Essama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Baudelaire Fojo
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Rheumatology Unit, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Moustapha Niasse
- Department of Rheumatology, Dantec Teaching Hospital, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Saïdou Diallo
- Department of Rheumatology, Dantec Teaching Hospital, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Madeleine Ngandeu-Singwé
- Yaoundé Rheumatology Research Team, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Rheumatology Unit, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Lu ZF, Hsu CY, Younis NK, Mustafa MA, Matveeva EA, Al-Juboory YHO, Adil M, Athab ZH, Abdulraheem MN. Exploring the significance of microbiota metabolites in rheumatoid arthritis: uncovering their contribution from disease development to biomarker potential. APMIS 2024; 132:382-415. [PMID: 38469726 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multifaceted autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and joint destruction. Recent research has elucidated the intricate interplay between gut microbiota and RA pathogenesis, underscoring the role of microbiota-derived metabolites as pivotal contributors to disease development and progression. The human gut microbiota, comprising a vast array of microorganisms and their metabolic byproducts, plays a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis. Dysbiosis of this microbial community has been linked to numerous autoimmune disorders, including RA. Microbiota-derived metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), tryptophan derivatives, Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), bile acids, peptidoglycan, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), exhibit immunomodulatory properties that can either exacerbate or ameliorate inflammation in RA. Mechanistically, these metabolites influence immune cell differentiation, cytokine production, and gut barrier integrity, collectively shaping the autoimmune milieu. This review highlights recent advances in understanding the intricate crosstalk between microbiota metabolites and RA pathogenesis and also discusses the potential of specific metabolites to trigger or suppress autoimmunity, shedding light on their molecular interactions with immune cells and signaling pathways. Additionally, this review explores the translational aspects of microbiota metabolites as diagnostic and prognostic tools in RA. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of translating these findings into clinical practice are critically examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Feng Lu
- Heilongjiang Beidahuang Group General Hospital, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chou-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Mohammed Ahmed Mustafa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University of Imam Jaafar AL-Sadiq, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - Elena A Matveeva
- Department of Orthopaedic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Mohaned Adil
- Pharmacy College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Zainab H Athab
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
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Jia X, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Asakawa T. Multidirectional associations between the gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease, updated information from the perspectives of humoral pathway, cellular immune pathway and neuronal pathway. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1296713. [PMID: 38173790 PMCID: PMC10762314 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1296713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by a diverse range of microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiota, which form a vast and complex ecosystem. It has been reported that the microbiota-gut-brain axis plays a crucial role in regulating host neuroprotective function. Studies have shown that patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, and experiments involving germ-free mice and fecal microbiota transplantation from PD patients have revealed the pathogenic role of the gut microbiota in PD. Interventions targeting the gut microbiota in PD, including the use of prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, have also shown efficacy in treating PD. However, the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease remains intricate. This study reviewed the association between the microbiota-gut-brain axis and PD from the perspectives of humoral pathway, cellular immune pathway and neuronal pathway. We found that the interactions among gut microbiota and PD are very complex, which should be "multidirectional", rather than conventionally regarded "bidirectional". To realize application of the gut microbiota-related mechanisms in the clinical setting, we propose several problems which should be addressed in the future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Qiliang Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tetsuya Asakawa
- Institute of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Fan J, Jiang T, He D. Advances in the implications of the gut microbiota on the treatment efficacy of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1189036. [PMID: 37841256 PMCID: PMC10568326 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1189036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the composition or function of the gut microbiota are associated with the etiology of human diseases. Drug-microbiota interactions can affect drug bioavailability, effectiveness, and toxicity through various routes. For instance, the direct effect of microbial enzymes on drugs can either boost or diminish their efficacy. Thus, considering its wide range of metabolic capabilities, the gut microbiota is a promising target for pharmacological modulation. Furthermore, drugs can alter the microbiota and the mechanisms by which they interact with their host. Individual variances in microbial profiles can also contribute to the different host responses to various drugs. However, the influence of interactions between the gut microbiota and drugs on treatment efficacy remains poorly elucidated. In this review, we will discuss the impact of microbiota dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and we will attempt to elucidate the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), with an emphasis on how drug-microbiota interactions affect the treatment efficacy in RA. We speculate that improved knowledge of these critical interactions will facilitate the development of novel therapeutic options that use microbial markers for predicting or optimizing treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Fan
- Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Sun L, Wang Z, Yang Z, Liu X, Dong H. Virtual screening and structure-activity relationship study of novel BTK inhibitors in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:15219-15233. [PMID: 36914235 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2188418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a known drug target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, a series of 1-amino-1H-imidazole-5-carboxamide derivatives with good inhibitory activity against BTK were selected to explore the structure-activity relationships of these BTK inhibitors (BTKIs). Furthermore, we concentrated on 182 prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine with therapeutic effects on RA. 54 herbs with a frequency of ≥10 were counted to establish a database containing 4027 ingredients for virtual screening. Five compounds with relatively higher docking scores and better absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination and toxicity (ADMET) parameters were then selected for higher precision docking. The results demonstrated that the potentially active molecules form hydrogen bond interactions with the hinge region residues Met477, Glu475, glycine-rich P-loop residue Val416, Lys430 and DFG motif Asp539. In particular, they also interact with the key residues Thr474 and Cys481 of BTK. The molecular dynamics (MD) results demonstrated that all five compounds above could bind with BTK stably as its cognate ligand in dynamic conditions. This work identified several potential BTKIs using a computer-aided drug design approach and may provide crucial information for developing novel BTKIs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zixiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhigang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - XiuJuan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Romero-Figueroa MDS, Ramírez-Durán N, Montiel-Jarquín AJ, Horta-Baas G. Gut-joint axis: Gut dysbiosis can contribute to the onset of rheumatoid arthritis via multiple pathways. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1092118. [PMID: 36779190 PMCID: PMC9911673 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1092118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by loss of immune tolerance and chronic inflammation. It is pathogenesis complex and includes interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Current evidence supports the hypothesis that gut dysbiosis may play the role of environmental triggers of arthritis in animals and humans. Progress in the understanding of the gut microbiome and RA. has been remarkable in the last decade. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that gut dysbiosis could shape the immune system and cause persistent immune inflammatory responses. Furthermore, gut dysbiosis could induce alterations in intestinal permeability, which have been found to predate arthritis onset. In contrast, metabolites derived from the intestinal microbiota have an immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effect. However, the precise underlying mechanisms by which gut dysbiosis induces the development of arthritis remain elusive. This review aimed to highlight the mechanisms by which gut dysbiosis could contribute to the pathogenesis of RA. The overall data showed that gut dysbiosis could contribute to RA pathogenesis by multiple pathways, including alterations in gut barrier function, molecular mimicry, gut dysbiosis influences the activation and the differentiation of innate and acquired immune cells, cross-talk between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and immune cells, and alterations in the microenvironment. The relative weight of each of these mechanisms in RA pathogenesis remains uncertain. Recent studies showed a substantial role for gut microbiota-derived metabolites pathway, especially butyrate, in the RA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ninfa Ramírez-Durán
- Laboratory of Medical and Environmental Microbiology, Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Alvaro José Montiel-Jarquín
- Dirección de Educación e Investigación en Salud, Hospital de Especialidades de Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Horta-Baas
- Rheumatology Service, Internal Medicine Department, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Merida, Mexico
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Identification and Validation of Hub Genes for Predicting Treatment Targets and Immune Landscape in Rheumatoid Arthritis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8023779. [PMID: 36317112 PMCID: PMC9617710 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8023779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease featured by pathological synovial inflammation. Currently, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of RA remain unclear. In the study, we attempted to explore the underlying mechanisms of RA and provide potential targets for the therapy of RA via bioinformatics analysis. Methods We downloaded four microarray datasets (GSE77298, GSE55235, GSE12021, and GSE55457) from the GEO database. Firstly, GSE77298 and GSE55457 were identified DEGs by the “limma” and “sva” packages of R software. Then, we performed GO, KEGG, and GSEA enrichment analyses to further analyze the function of DEGs. Hub genes were screened using LASSO analysis and SVM-RFE analysis. To further explore the differences of the expression of hub genes in healthy control and RA patient synovial tissues, we calculated the ROC curves and AUC. The expression levels of hub genes were verified in synovial tissues of normal and RA rats by qRT-PCR and western blot. Furthermore, the CIBERSORTx was implemented to assess the differences of infiltration in 22 immune cells between normal and RA synovial tissues. We explored the association between hub genes and infiltrating immune cells. Results CRTAM, CXCL13, and LRRC15 were identified as RA's potential hub genes by machine learning and LASSO algorithms. In addition, we verified the expression levels of three hub genes in the synovial tissue of normal and RA rats by PCR and western blot. Moreover, immune cell infiltration analysis showed that plasma cells, T follicular helper cells, M0 macrophages, M1 macrophages, and gamma delta T cells may be engaged in the development and progression of RA. Conclusions In brief, our study identified and validated that three hub genes CRTAM, CXCL13, and LRRC15 might involve in the pathological development of RA, which could provide novel perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment with RA.
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Zhao T, Wei Y, Zhu Y, Xie Z, Hai Q, Li Z, Qin D. Gut microbiota and rheumatoid arthritis: From pathogenesis to novel therapeutic opportunities. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1007165. [PMID: 36159786 PMCID: PMC9499173 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1007165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints. Microbial infection is considered a crucial inducer of RA. Alterations in the composition of intestinal bacteria in individuals with preclinical and established RA suggest a vital role of the gut microbiota in immune dysfunction characteristic of RA. However, the mechanisms by which gut dysbiosis contributes to RA are not fully understood. Furthermore, multiple therapies commonly used to treat RA may alter gut microbiota diversity, suggesting that modulating the gut microbiota may help prevent or treat RA. Hence, a better understanding of the changes in the gut microbiota that accompany RA should aid the development of novel therapeutic approaches. This mini-review discusses the impact of gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of RA, the selection of gut microbiota-related biomarkers for diagnosing RA, and provides examples of cross-modulation between the gut microbiota and some drugs commonly used to treat RA. Some suggestions and outlooks are also raised, which may help guide future research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Youyang Zhu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaohu Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Qingshan Hai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Dongdong Qin, ; Qingshan Hai, ; Zhaofu Li,
| | - Zhaofu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Dongdong Qin, ; Qingshan Hai, ; Zhaofu Li,
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Dongdong Qin, ; Qingshan Hai, ; Zhaofu Li,
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The Protective Effects of a Modified Xiaohua Funing Decoction against Acute Liver Failure in Mice Induced by D-Gal and LPS. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6611563. [PMID: 35069764 PMCID: PMC8776459 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6611563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a modified Xiaohua Funing decoction (Xfd) on acute liver failure (ALF) and determine whether the protective mechanisms are related to alterations in the gut microbiota. Methods An animal model of ALF was induced by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine (D-Gal, 0.5 g/kg) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 μg/kg). Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the following 4 groups: the control group (saline, Con), model group (D-Gal/LPS, Mod), silymarin pretreatment group (200 mg/kg, Sil), and modified Xfd pretreatment group (650 mg/kg, Xfd). The Sil and Xfd groups received the respective intervention orally for 14 days and 2 h before D-Gal/LPS treatment. The liver injury markers included alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and liver histology. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to assess the effects on the caecum content. Results D-Gal/LPS treatment caused severe ALF, illustrating that the ALF model was successfully established. The administration of Sil and Xfd greatly reduced the serum ALT and AST levels and improved the pathological signs of liver injury. However, no significant difference was found between the two groups. In contrast to the Mod group, the Sil and Xfd groups showed a shift toward the Con group in terms of the gut microbiota structure. The abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio in the Mod group significantly differed from those in the Con group. The Sil and Xfd groups showed restoration of the disordered microbiota. Significantly increased relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Candidatus_Saccharimonas and a markedly decreased Muribaculaceae abundance were found in the Sil and Xfd mice compared with those in the Mod mice (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Interestingly, a negative correlation was observed between the abundances of the gut microbiota constituents, specifically Clostridia_UCG-014, and ALT and AST levels. Conclusion In summary, our results indicate that Xfd may protect the liver and modify the gut microbiota in ALF mice.
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Xie Y, Sun J, Hu C, Ruan B, Zhu B. Oral Microbiota Is Associated With Immune Recovery in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:794746. [PMID: 34956162 PMCID: PMC8696184 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.794746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the oral microbiota in HIV-infected individuals deserves attention as either HIV infection or antiretroviral therapy (ART) may have effect on the diversity and the composition of the oral microbiome. However, few studies have addressed the oral microbiota and its interplay with different immune responses to ART in HIV-infected individuals. Salivary microbiota and immune activation were studied in 30 HIV-infected immunological responders (IR) and 34 immunological non-responders (INR) (≥500 and < 200 CD4 + T-cell counts/μl after 2 years of HIV-1 viral suppression, respectively) with no comorbidities. Metagenome sequencing revealed that the IR and the INR group presented similar salivary bacterial richness and diversity. The INR group presented a significantly higher abundance of genus Selenomonas_4, while the IR group manifested higher abundances of Candidatus_Saccharimonas and norank_p_Saccharimonas. Candidatus_Saccharimonas and norank_p_Saccharimonas were positively correlated with the current CD4 + T-cells. Candidatus_Saccharimonas was positively correlated with the markers of adaptive immunity CD4 + CD57 + T-cells, while negative correlation was found between norank _p_Saccharimonas and the CD8 + CD38 + T-cells as well as the CD4/CD8 + HLADR + CD38 + T-cells. The conclusions are that the overall salivary microbiota structure was similar in the immunological responders and immunological non-responders, while there were some taxonomic differences in the salivary bacterial composition. Selenomona_4, Candidatus_Saccharimonas, and norank _p_Saccharimonas might act as important factors of the immune recovery in the immunodeficiency patients, and Candidatus_Saccharimonas could be considered in the future as screening biomarkers for the immune responses in the HIV-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirui Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Caiqin Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Ruan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Guo C, Xu Y, Han X, Liu X, Xie R, Cheng Z, Fu X. Transcriptomic and Proteomic Study on the High-Fat Diet Combined With AOM/DSS-Induced Adenomatous Polyps in Mice. Front Oncol 2021; 11:736225. [PMID: 34513713 PMCID: PMC8427437 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.736225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To screen and identify molecular targets and bacteria genus leading to adenomatous polyps in mouse induced by high-fat diet (HFD) +AOM/DSS using omics technology. Methods The molecular targets of colorectal adenoma disease were obtained from the GeneCards and OMIM database. The SPF C57BL mice were randomly divided into blank (Control) and AOM/DSS+HFD colorectal adenoma model (ADH) groups. The ADH model group was intraperitoneally injected with AOM reagent. Then, mice were given with 2.5% DSS (in free drinking water) and high-fat diet to establish the mouse model. During this period, the changes of physical signs of mice in each group were observed. After the end of modeling, HE staining was used to evaluate the histopathological change of mice. The differentially expressed genes and proteins in the Control group and ADH group were detected by RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing and Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) quantitative proteomics. The histological results were analyzed by intersection with the intestinal adenoma molecular targets obtained from the database. Moreover, the changes of intestinal flora in the two groups were examined. The correlation between targets and differential bacteria was analyzed and verified by Parallel Reaction Monitoring (PRM) to comprehensively evaluate the mouse model of adenomatous polyp induced by AOM/DSS+HFD. Results The general condition and histopathological results of mice confirmed that the ADH mouse model was successfully established and tubular adenoma was formed. A total of 604 genes and 42 proteins related to intestinal adenoma were obtained by histological analysis and database intersection analysis. The intestinal microflora of ADH mice was different from that of normal mice, and the constituents and abundance of intestinal flora were similar to those of human intestinal adenoma. GATA4 and LHPP were selected as potential pathological markers of the model mice by correlation analysis of targets and intestinal flora. The results of PRM verification were highly consistent with the results of RNA-Seq transcriptome sequencing and TMT analysis. Conclusion The pathological results, molecular pathological markers and the changes of intestinal flora suggest that the mouse ADH model is ideal for studying the transformation of inflammatory cancer. The ADH model will be helpful for understanding the occurrence and development of human colorectal cancer at the transcriptomic and proteomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Guo
- Second Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Yimin Xu
- Second Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue Han
- Second Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Second Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pain, Shibei Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Runnan Xie
- Second Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Miaohang Town Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihong Cheng
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, National Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- Second Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Horta-Baas G, Sandoval-Cabrera A, Romero-Figueroa MDS. Modification of Gut Microbiota in Inflammatory Arthritis: Highlights and Future Challenges. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2021; 23:67. [PMID: 34218340 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-021-01031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This Review evaluates the available information on the modification of the microbiota by diet, prebiotics, probiotics, or drugs and its association with the severity of arthritis in animals and humans and highlights how this modulation could have therapeutic applications in RA. RECENT FINDINGS The gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites play a role in developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in animals and humans, making the intestinal microbiota an exciting novel approach to suppress autoimmunity. Studies in animal models of RA show that it is possible to modify the intestinal microbiota with drugs, natural products, diet, probiotics, and prebiotics. Furthermore, these changes showed beneficial effects on symptom relief in animal models of RA and that these effects were associated with modulation of the immune response. Therapies that modify the gut microbiota would significantly impact the preclinical stage of arthritis, based on the fact that dysbiosis occurs before clinical arthritis. The effects of interventions to modulate the microbiota could not reverse arthritis. Furthermore, the therapies modulating therapies in controlling symptoms were limited once arthritis developed. The results obtained in the study of acarbose, probiotics, and prebiotics suggest that these interventions may decrease the disease's incidence rather than treat or cure it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Horta-Baas
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital General Regional número 1, Delegación Yucatán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Calle 41 No. 439 x 34. Colonia Industrial, 97150, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Antonio Sandoval-Cabrera
- Laboratorio de alta especialidad en Hemato-Oncología, Hospital para el Niño, IMIEM, Toluca, Mexico.,Facultad de Medicina, Campus Universitario Siglo XXl, Zinacantepec, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - María Del Socorro Romero-Figueroa
- Facultad de Medicina, Campus Universitario Siglo XXl, Zinacantepec, State of Mexico, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Norte Huixquilucan, Universidad Anáhuac México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Interactions between Gut Microbiota and Immunomodulatory Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:1430605. [PMID: 32963490 PMCID: PMC7499318 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1430605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases caused by abnormal immune activation and immune tolerance. Immunomodulatory cells (ICs) play a critical role in the maintenance and homeostasis of normal immune function and in the pathogenesis of RA. The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by trillions of commensal microbiota on the mucosal surface that play a fundamental role in the induction, maintenance, and function of the host immune system. Gut microbiota dysbiosis can impact both the local and systemic immune systems and further contribute to various diseases, such as RA. The neighbouring intestinal ICs located in distinct intestinal mucosa may be the most likely intermediary by which the gut microbiota can affect the occurrence and development of RA. However, the reciprocal interaction between the components of the gut microbiota and their microbial metabolites with distinct ICs and how this interaction may impact the development of RA are not well studied. Therefore, a better understanding of the gut microbiota, ICs, and their interactions might improve our knowledge of the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota contribute to RA and facilitate the further development of novel therapeutic approaches. In this review, we have summarized the roles of the gut microbiota in the immunopathogenesis of RA, especially the interactions between the gut microbiota and ICs, and further discussed the strategies for treating RA by targeting/regulating the gut microbiota.
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Li M, Wang J, Fu L, Lu Y, Xu J, Zhou L, Zhu H, Fang L, Feng Z, Xie T, Zhou X. Network Pharmacology-Based Prediction and Verification of Qingluo Tongbi Formula to Reduce Liver Toxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii via UGT2B7 in Endoplasmic Reticulum. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920376. [PMID: 32061080 PMCID: PMC7043354 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hepatotoxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. (TWHF) limits its clinic utilization. Qingluo Tongbi formula (QTF) was formulated based on a basic Chinese medicine theory. Previous studies have confirmed the safety and efficacy of QTF in treating rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, we considered that TWHF could be detoxified based on its reasonable compatibility with QTF. We investigated the detoxicity mechanism of QTF in reducing the liver toxicity of TWHF. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used network pharmacology to determine the relevant metabolism targets of TWHF, focusing on the phase II metabolic enzymes uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1), UGT1A6, and UGT2B7. Based on the molecular mechanisms of these predictions and the results of the network analysis, we designed experiments to verify our hypothesis in vivo. We used western blotting, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), double immunofluorescence, and laser confocal microscopy to detect the expression of UGTs. Finally, we used transmission electron microscopy to observe the endoplasmic reticulum structure. RESULTS The results confirmed that QTF reversed the TWHF-induced reduction of UGT content in liver microsomes, upregulated UGT1A1 and UGT1A6 but not UGT2B7 in the liver tissue. UGT2B7 expression in the liver and liver microsomes was inconsistent. QTF upregulated the expression of UGT2B7 in the endoplasmic reticulum, and QTF upregulated UGT2B7 expression levels in the endoplasmic reticulum compared with TWHF, which reduced liver toxicity. Structural changes were observed in the endoplasmic reticulum. CONCLUSIONS The Chinese traditional medicine compound QTF can achieve the effect of detoxification by upregulating the expression of UGT2B7 in the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ling Fu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lu
- Nanjing Chinese Medicine Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jianya Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Material Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Huaxu Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Material Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Liang Fang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Feng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Tong Xie
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xueping Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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