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Mu X, Ma ZB, Chen H, Liang R, Li Z, Guo XX, Xu TR, Xiang C. Therapeutic potential of CB 1R activation by Qingyangshen glycoside M1 for seizure relief. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:117982. [PMID: 38423411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cynanchum otophyllum C.K.Schneid.PI.Wilson, commonly referred as ''Qingyangshen'' (QYS), is a traditional folk medicine from Yunnan, renowned for its efficacy in neurological and psychiatric disorders. Glycosides isolated from QYS have shown promise in alleviating epilepsy, however, mechanisms of action and specific molecular targets remain to be elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to evaluate the anticonvulsant effects of Qingyangshen glycosides M1 (M1), a C21 steroidal glycoside from QYS, on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced convulsions in zebrafish (Danio rerio), and its neuroprotective effect on Glutamate (Glu)-induced damage to PC12 cells, and importantly to identify its potential molecular targets. MATERIALS AND METHODS To evaluate anticonvulsant activity of M1, 7 days-post-fertilization (7-dpf) animals were pretreated (by immersion) and then exposed to PTZ (10 mM) solution. Furthermore, Glu-induced PC12 cell damage was employed to investigate the neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic capacity. Cells were pretreated with various concentrations of M1 (0-10 μM) for 12 h and then co-treated with Glu (15 mM) for an additional 24 h. The cell viability, apoptosis rate and apoptosis-related proteins (p-PI3K, PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, CREB, p-CREB, BDNF, Bax and Bcl-2) were measured using CCK-8, annexin V/PI and Western blot assays. To model the expected interaction between M1 and candidate cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R), ERK phosphorylation, molecular docking, and drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) techniques were employed. Finally, CB1R antagonist Rimonabant (Rim) was validated by co-administration in both zebrafish and cells to confirm the requirement of CB1R for M1 efficacy. RESULTS At a concentration of 400 μM, M1 dramatically reversed PTZ-induced convulsive-like behaviors in zebrafish, as evidenced by a significant reduction in locomotor activity. In the context of Glu-induced cytotoxicity, M1 (10 μM) demonstrated a notable increase in cell viability and suppressed apoptosis through modulation of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and activation of the PI3K/Akt/CREB/BDNF signaling axis. These effects were facilitated through CB1R activation. In contrast, Rim dampened the beneficial activities of M1 as a cannabinoid agonist. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that M1 as a potential CB1R activator, exhibiting anticonvulsive effects in a PTZ-induced zebrafish model and neuroprotective properties via the PI3K/Akt/CREB/BDNF signaling axis in a Glu-induced PC12 cell injury model. Notably, the observed seizure relief attenuated by CB1R chemical antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Mu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Zhao-Bin Ma
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Hao Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Rui Liang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Zhao Li
- Laboratory Animal Center, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Xiao-Xi Guo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Tian-Rui Xu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China.
| | - Cheng Xiang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China.
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Lin L, Geng D, She D, Kuai X, Du C, Fu P, Zhu Y, Wang J, Pang Z, Zhang J. Targeted nanotheranostics for the treatment of epilepsy through in vivo hijacking of locally activated macrophages. Acta Biomater 2024; 174:314-330. [PMID: 38036284 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy refers to a disabling neurological disorder featured by the long-term and unpredictable occurrence of seizures owing to abnormal excessive neuronal electrical activity and is closely linked to unresolved inflammation, oxidative stress, and hypoxia. The difficulty of accurate localization and targeted drug delivery to the lesion hinders the effective treatment of this disease. The locally activated inflammatory cells in the epileptogenic region offer a new opportunity for drug delivery to the lesion. In this work, CD163-positive macrophages in the epileptogenic region were first harnessed as Trojan horses after being hijacked by targeted albumin manganese dioxide nanoparticles, which effectively penetrated the brain endothelial barrier and delivered multifunctional nanomedicines to the epileptic foci. Hence, accumulative nanoparticles empowered the visualization of the epileptogenic lesion through microenvironment-responsive MR T1-weight imaging of manganese dioxide. Besides, these manganese-based nanomaterials played a pivotal role in shielding neurons from cell apoptosis mediated by oxidative stress and hypoxia. Taken together, the present study provides an up-to-date approach for integrated diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy and other hypoxia-associated inflammatory diseases. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The therapeutic effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are hindered by insufficient drug accumulation in the epileptic site. Herein, we report an efficient strategy to use locally activated macrophages as carriers to deliver multifunctional nanoparticles to the brain lesion. As MR-responsive T1 contrast agents, multifunctional BMC nanoparticles can be harnessed to accurately localize the epileptogenic region with high sensitivity and specificity. Meanwhile, catalytic nanoparticles BMC can synergistically scavenge ROS, generate O2 and regulate neuroinflammation for the protection of neurons in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China; Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Daoying Geng
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Dejun She
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xinping Kuai
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Chengjuan Du
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Pengfei Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yuefei Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianhong Wang
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China; Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China.
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3
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Han JM, Song HY, Kim KI, Byun EB. Protective Effects of Bombyx batryticatus Protein-Rich Extract Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in HEK293 Cells and a Mouse Model. J Med Food 2023; 26:927-938. [PMID: 38064431 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin, a potent and prominent chemotherapeutic drug, has considerable side effects, including nephrotoxicity, which limits its therapeutic application and efficacy. Therefore, the development of agents that protect normal cells while preserving cisplatin's chemotherapeutic properties is of utmost importance. This study aimed to explore the protective effects of Bombyx batryticatus protein-rich extract (BBPE) against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in a cisplatin-treated mouse model and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. Apoptosis was assessed in HEK293 cells to determine the cytoprotective effects of BBPE and its effects on the generation of cisplatin-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP) collapse. Although cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in HEK293 cells, pretreatment with BBPE showed significant protective effects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by regulating the expression levels of pro- and antiapoptotic proteins. The cytoprotective effects of BBPE were mediated by decreased ROS production and MTP loss in cisplatin-treated HEK293 cells. The in vitro results were confirmed in the cisplatin-treated mouse model. Pretreatment with BBPE protected against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by restoring malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels in kidney tissue and blood urea nitrogen and creatinine serum levels. Furthermore, histopathological assessment and terminal dUTP nick end-labeling staining showed that BBPE mitigated cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in kidney tissues. Overall, BBPE may act as a potent agent for alleviating cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, thereby increasing the safety of cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Moo Han
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha-Yeon Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Kwang-Il Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Eui-Baek Byun
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
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Balaha MF, Alamer AA, Abdel-Kader MS, Alharthy KM. Ameliorative Potential of (-) Pseudosemiglabrin in Mice with Pilocarpine-Induced Epilepsy: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Apoptotic, and Neurotransmission Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10773. [PMID: 37445950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
One prevalent neurological disorder is epilepsy. Modulating GABAergic/glutamatergic neurotransmission, Nrf2/HO-1, PI3K/Akt, and TLR-4/NF-B pathways might be a therapeutic strategy for epilepsy. Eight-week-old BALB/c mice were administered 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg (-) pseudosemiglabrin orally one hour before inducing epilepsy with an i.p. injection of 360 mg/kg pilocarpine. (-) Pseudosemiglabrin dose-dependently alleviated pilocarpine-induced epilepsy, as revealed by the complete repression of pilocarpine-induced convulsions and 100% survival rate in mice. Furthermore, (-) pseudosemiglabrin significantly enhanced mice's locomotor activities, brain GABA, SLC1A2, GABARα1 levels, glutamate decarboxylase activity, and SLC1A2 and GABARα1mRNA expression while decreasing brain glutamate, SLC6A1, GRIN1 levels, GABA transaminase activity, and SLC6A1 and GRIN1 mRNA expression. These potentials can be due to the suppression of the TLR-4/NF-κB and the enhancement of the Nrf2/HO-1 and PI3K/Akt pathways, as demonstrated by the reduction in TLR-4, NF-κB, IL-1β, TNF-α mRNA expression, MDA, NO, caspase-3, Bax levels, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and the enhancement of Nrf2, HO-1, PI3K, Akt mRNA expression, GSH, Bcl-2 levels, and SOD activity. Additionally, (-) pseudosemiglabrin abrogated the pilocarpine-induced histopathological changes. Interestingly, the (-) pseudosemiglabrin intervention showed a comparable effect to the standard medication, diazepam. Therefore, (-) pseudosemiglabrin can be a promising medication for the management of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Balaha
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Alamer
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged S Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Alharthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Hu MB, Gao KX, Wang Y, Liu YJ. Characterization of Polysaccharides from the Pericarp of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim by Saccharide Mapping and Their Neuroprotective Effects. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041813. [PMID: 36838801 PMCID: PMC9966022 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The pericarp of Zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim (PZM) is a commonly used spice and herbal medicine in China. In the present study, the structural characteristics of PPZM were investigated by saccharide mapping after enzymatic digestion by using high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and polysaccharide analysis by using carbohydrate gel electrophoresis (PACE). The mechanisms of protective effects of PPZM on Aβ25-35-induced oxidative damage were explored in PC12 cells. The results showed that PPZM contained 1,4-α-D-galactosidic, 1,4-α-D-galactosiduronic, and (1→4)-β-D-glucosidic linkages. Pretreatment with PPZM significantly increased the cell viability of Aβ25-35-injured PC12 cells. Flow cytometry and Hoechst/PI staining indicated that PPZM gradually relieved the apoptosis of the Aβ25-25-treated cells. PPZM markedly decreased the ROS level of PC12 cells and suppressed Aβ25-35-induced oxidative stress by increasing the SOD level, and decreasing the level of MDA and LDH. The mRNA expressions of caspase-3 and Bax were significantly downregulated, and Bcl-2 expression was upregulated by treatment with PPZM. PPZM significantly increased the mRNA expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in Aβ25-35 treated cells. The results indicated that PPZM alleviated apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by Aβ25-25 through the inhibition of mitochondrial dependent apoptosis and activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. PPZM can be used as a potential protective agent against Aβ25-25-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Bian Hu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Kui-Xu Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Yu-Jie Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
- Correspondence:
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Zhang CC, Kong YL, Zhang MS, Wu Q, Shi JS. Two new alkaloids from Dendrobium nobile Lindl. exhibited neuroprotective activity, and dendrobine alleviated Aβ 1-42 -induced apoptosis by inhibiting CDK5 activation in PC12 cells. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:262-274. [PMID: 36658700 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Dendrobium nobile Lindl. is registered in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia as a traditional medicine. Phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract of D. nobile Lindl. stems yielded three alkaloid compounds, including two new compounds dendroxine B (2) and denrine B (3) as well as one known compound dendrobine (1). Here, we identified the structure of these compounds using spectroscopic analyses and compared them with those described in previous studies. Compounds 1-3 were found to show protective effect against amyloid-β 1-42 (Aβ1-42 )-induced neurotoxicity in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells, among which dendrobine exhibited the most significant neuroprotective effect. Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide staining indicated that dendrobine ameliorated Aβ1-42 -induced apoptosis. Moreover, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis analysis demonstrated that dendrobine suppressed the activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), upregulated Bcl-2 expression, and downregulated Bax, cyto-c, and caspase-3 expression. Molecular docking analysis and surface plasmon resonance assay suggested that dendrobine directly bound to CDK5 protein with a KD value of 2.05 × 10-4 M. In summary, alkaloids are the neuroprotective constituents of D. nobile Lindl., and dendrobine protected PC12 cells against Aβ1-42 -induced apoptosis by inhibiting CDK5 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medcial University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan-Li Kong
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Mao-Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jing-Shan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Zeng C, Lei D, Lu Y, Huang Q, Wu Y, Yang S, Wu Y. Parvalbumin in the metabolic pathway of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid: Influence on expression of GAD65 and GAD67. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 734:109499. [PMID: 36587827 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Parvalbumin-expressing neurons are a type of inhibitory intermediate neuron that play an important role in terminating seizures. The aim of the present study was to use lentiviral construction and packaging technology to overexpress and silence the parvalbumin gene in pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells, and to evaluate how parvalbumin influences the metabolic pathway involving glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In this work, Immunofluorescence staining was used to verify the differentiation of PC12 cells into neurons after adding nerve growth factor (NGF). Western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to confirm lentivirus-mediated knockdown or overexpression of parvalbumin. Expression of parvalbumin, the 65-kDa GAD isoform (GAD65), and the 67-kDa GAD isoform (GAD67) in neuronal cells was examined at the mRNA and protein levels using qRT-PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining, while intracellular glutamate and GABA levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We demonstrate that the expression of parvalbumin is associated with GAD65 and GAD67. Interestingly, overexpression of parvalbumin up-regulated GAD65 and GAD67, increased GABA concentration, and decreased glutamate concentration. Silencing of parvalbumin led to the opposite effects. Altogether, parvalbumin affected the expression of GAD65 and GAD67, thereby influencing the metabolic pathway involving glutamate and GABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Danqing Lei
- Experimental Center of Life Sciences Institutes, Guangxi Medical University, #22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuling Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Zhang T, Zhang Q, Zheng W, Tao T, Li RL, Wang LY, Peng W, Wu CJ. Fructus Zanthoxyli extract improves glycolipid metabolism disorder of type 2 diabetes mellitus via activation of AMPK/PI3K/Akt pathway: Network pharmacology and experimental validation. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 20:543-560. [PMID: 35965234 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the potential mechanisms behind the beneficial effects of Fructus Zanthoxyli (FZ) against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. METHODS Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to identify the constituents of FZ. Next, the differentially expressed genes linked to the treatment of diabetes with FZ were screened using online databases (including Gene Expression Omnibus database and Swiss Target Prediction online database), and the overlapping genes and their enrichment were analyzed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Finally, the pathway was verified by in vitro experiments, and cell staining with oil red and Nile red showed that the extract of FZ had a therapeutic effect on T2DM. RESULTS A total of 43 components were identified from FZ, and 39 differentially expressed overlapping genes were screened as the possible targets of FZ in T2DM. The dug component-target network indicated that PPARA, PPARG, PIK3R3, JAK2 and GPR88 might be the core genes targeted by FZ in the treatment of T2DM. Interestingly, the enrichment analysis of KEGG showed that effects of FZ against T2DM were closely correlated with the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathways. In vitro experiments further confirmed that FZ significantly inhibited palmitic acid-induced lipid formation in HepG2 cells. Moreover, FZ treatment was able to promote the AMPK and PI3K/Akt expressions in HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION Network pharmacology combined with experimental validation revealed that FZ extract can improve the glycolipid metabolism disorder of T2DM via activation of the AMPK/PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ting Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li-Yu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Chun-Jie Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China.
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Wang SW, Chang CC, Hsuan CF, Chang TH, Chen YL, Wang YY, Yu TH, Wu CC, Houng JY. Neuroprotective Effect of Abelmoschus manihot Flower Extracts against the H 2O 2-Induced Cytotoxicity, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in PC12 Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9100596. [PMID: 36290563 PMCID: PMC9598102 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The progression of neurodegenerative diseases is associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Abelmoschus manihot L. flower (AMf) has been shown to possess excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study investigated the protective effect of ethanolic extract (AME), water extract (AMW) and supercritical extract (AMS) of AMf on PC12 neuronal cells under hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulation. This study also explored the molecular mechanism underlying the protective effect of AME, which was the best among the three extracts. The experimental results showed that even at a concentration of 500 μg/mL, neither AME nor AMW showed toxic effects on PC12 cells, while AMS caused about 10% cell death. AME has the most protective effect on apoptosis of PC12 cells stimulated with 0.5 mM H2O2. This is evident by the finding when PC12 cells were treated with 500 μg/mL AME; the viability was restored from 58.7% to 80.6% in the Treatment mode (p < 0.001) and from 59.1% to 98.1% in the Prevention mode (p < 0.001). Under the stimulation of H2O2, AME significantly up-regulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase; promoted the production of the intracellular antioxidant; reduced glutathione; and reduced ROS generation in PC12 cells. When the acute inflammation was induced under the H2O2 stimulation, AME significantly down-regulated the pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2 and iNOS). AME pretreatment could also greatly promote the production of nucleotide excision repair (NER)-related proteins, which were down-regulated by H2O2. This finding indicates that AME could repair DNA damage caused by oxidative stress. Results from this study demonstrate that AME has the potential to delay the onset and progression of oxidative stress-induced neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wei Wang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Chang
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Feng Hsuan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsien Chang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ya Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Hung Yu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ching Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yiing Houng
- Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-6151100 (ext. 7915)
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10
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Xu XX, Shi RX, Fu Y, Wang JL, Tong X, Zhang SQ, Wang N, Li MX, Tong Y, Wang W, He M, Liu BY, Chen GL, Guo F. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase/reactive oxygen species pathway is involved in apoptosis and pyroptosis in epilepsy. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:1277-1285. [PMID: 36453412 PMCID: PMC9838157 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.357906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of neuronal nitric oxide synthase contributes to neurotoxicity, which triggers cell death in various neuropathological diseases, including epilepsy. Studies have shown that inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity increases the epilepsy threshold, that is, has an anticonvulsant effect. However, the exact role and potential mechanism of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in seizures are still unclear. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing, functional enrichment analysis, and weighted gene coexpression network analysis of the hippocampus of tremor rats, a rat model of genetic epilepsy. We found damaged hippocampal mitochondria and abnormal succinate dehydrogenase level and Na+-K+-ATPase activity. In addition, we used a pilocarpine-induced N2a cell model to mimic epileptic injury. After application of neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor 7-nitroindazole, changes in malondialdehyde, lactate dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase, which are associated with oxidative stress, were reversed, and the increase in reactive oxygen species level was reversed by 7-nitroindazole or reactive oxygen species inhibitor N-acetylcysteine. Application of 7-nitroindazole or N-acetylcysteine downregulated the expression of caspase-3 and cytochrome c and reversed the apoptosis of epileptic cells. Furthermore, 7-nitroindazole or N-acetylcysteine downregulated the abnormally high expression of NLRP3, gasdermin-D, interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. This indicated that 7-nitroindazole and N-acetylcysteine each reversed epileptic cell death. Taken together, our findings suggest that the neuronal nitric oxide synthase/reactive oxygen species pathway is involved in pyroptosis of epileptic cells, and inhibiting neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity or its induced oxidative stress may play a neuroprotective role in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xue Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China,Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Rui-Xue Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jia-Lu Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shi-Qi Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mei-Xuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bing-Yang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China,Correspondence to: Feng Guo, ; Gui-Lan Chen, ; Bing-Yang Liu, .
| | - Gui-Lan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China,Correspondence to: Feng Guo, ; Gui-Lan Chen, ; Bing-Yang Liu, .
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China,Correspondence to: Feng Guo, ; Gui-Lan Chen, ; Bing-Yang Liu, .
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ZOMEC via the p-Akt/Nrf2 Pathway Restored PTZ-Induced Oxidative Stress-Mediated Memory Dysfunction in Mouse Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8902262. [PMID: 36193329 PMCID: PMC9526611 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8902262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new mechanistic approach to overcome the neurodegenerative disorders caused by oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is highly stressed in this article. Thus, a newly formulated drug (zinc ortho-methyl carbonodithioate (ZOMEC)) was investigated for five weeks on seven-week-old BALB/c male mice. ZOMEC 30 mg/kg was postadministered intraperitoneally during the third week of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) injection. The brain homogenates of the mice were evaluated for their antioxidant potential for ZOMEC. The results including catalase (CAT), glutathione S transferase (GST), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) demonstrated that ZOMEC significantly reverted the oxidative stress stimulated by PTZ in the mouse brain. ZOMEC upregulated p-Akt/Nrf-2 pathways (also supported by molecular docking methods) to revoke PTZ-induced apoptotic protein markers. ZOMEC reversed PTZ-induced neuronal synapse deficits, improved oxidative stress-aided memory impairment, and inhibited the amyloidogenic pathway in mouse brains. The results suggested the potential of ZOMEC as a new, safe, and neurotherapeutic agent to cure neurodegenerative disorders by decreasing AD-like neuropathology in the animal PTZ model.
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Purification, Identification and Neuroprotective Effects of Proteins from Bombyx batryticatus in Glu-Stimulated PC12 Cells. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9090236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombyx batryticatus (BB) is one of the most commonly used Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) in the treatment of convulsions and epilepsy. The antiepileptic effects of total proteins from BB (BBPs) have been proven in our previous research. In this study, BBPs were further purified, the neuroprotective effects were evaluated in Glu-stimulated PC12 cells, and the structure was identified by Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Six subfractions (PF-1 to PF-6) were obtained by DEAE-52 Sepharose FF ion-exchange chromatography. It was found that PF-1, PF-2, and PF-3, with similar protein compositions, possessed neuroprotective effects in Glu-stimulated PC12 cells by significantly increasing the GABA level, and decreasing the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. The most active fraction (PF-2) was further separated by Sephadex G-75 gel filtration chromatography, and an effective protein component named PF-2-2 was obtained. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled PF-2-2 (FITC-PF-2-2) was prepared, and the binding of FITC-F-2-2 to the PC12 cells was directly observed with a confocal microscope. PF-2-2 was found to first bind to the surface of PC12 cells and then internalize into the cells. The main band of PF-2-2 was then analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS and searched in the MASCOT database; finally a protein named Low molecular mass 30 kDa lipoprotein 21G1 was identified. In conclusion, PF-2-2 and purified proteins isolated from BBPs have potential application prospects in the treatment of epilepsy.
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Yifei sanjie Pills Alleviate Chemotherapy-Related Fatigue by Reducing Skeletal Muscle Injury and Inhibiting Tumor Growth in Lung Cancer Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2357616. [PMID: 36045663 PMCID: PMC9423986 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2357616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-related fatigue (CRF), one of the most severe adverse effects observed in cancer patients, has been theoretically related to oxidative stress, and antioxidant treatment might be one of the most valuable therapeutic approaches. However, there are still few effective pharmacological therapies. Yifei Sanjie pills (YFSJ), a classical formula used to treat lung cancer as complementary and alternative medicine, have been proved to alleviate CRF of lung cancer patients in clinical practices. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been clarified. In this study, our data showed that YFSJ alleviated CRF presented as reversing the decline of swimming time and locomotor activity induced by cisplatin (DDP). Moreover, YFSJ significantly reduces the accidence of mitophagy and mitochondrial damage and reduces apoptosis in skeletal muscle tissues caused by DDP. It probably works by decreasing the oxidative stress, inhibiting the activation of the AMPK/mTOR pathway, decreasing protein expression levels of Beclin1 and other autophagy-related proteins, and attenuating the activation of Cytochrome c (cyto. C), Cleaved Caspase-9 (c-Casp 9), and other apoptosis-related proteins. Furthermore, YFSJ enhanced DDP sensitivity by specifically promoting oxidative stress and activating apoptosis and autophagy in the tumor tissues of mice. It was also found that YFSJ reduced the loss of body weight caused by DDP, reversed the ascent of serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aminotransferase (AST), and creatinine (CREA), increased the spleen index, and prolonged the survival time of mice. Taken together, these results revealed that YFSJ could alleviate CRF by reducing mitophagy and apoptosis induced by oxidative stress in skeletal muscle; these results also displayed the effects of YFSJ on enhancing chemotherapy sensitivity, improving quality of life, and prolonging survival time in lung cancer mice received DDP chemotherapy.
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14
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Analysis of Medication Rule of Primary Epilepsy Based on Xiaocheng Yan’s Clinical Experience Collection of Epilepsy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9539944. [PMID: 35795265 PMCID: PMC9252657 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9539944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore and analyze the medication rule of Professor Xiaocheng Yan in the treatment of primary epilepsy, hoping to provide reference for the clinical treatment of primary epilepsy. Methods Mining and analysis of Professor Xiaocheng Yan sorted out the medical cases of primary epilepsy in Xiaocheng Yan's clinical experience collection of epilepsy, extracted the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription data in the medical cases, standardized the obtained TCM prescription data, and used the data mining function integrated by the ancient and modern medical case cloud platform V2.3.5 to carry out frequency statistics, cluster analysis, association analysis, and complex network analysis on the TCM data, and the common herbs used by Professor Xiaocheng Yan in the treatment of primary epilepsy, properties and classifications of commonly used herbs, pairs of commonly used herbs, and core prescriptions were obtained. Results A total of 39 cases, 228 medical records, and 230 prescriptions data of TCM were included. A total of 96 Chinese medicinal herbs were involved, and the total frequency of medication was 3,828. High-frequency herbs include Rhizoma Gastrodiae (Tianma) (222 times), Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis (Gouteng) (220 times), Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii (Shichangpu) (216 times), Rhizoma Pinelliae Praeparatum (Fabanxia) (207 times), Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan) (206 times), and Periostracum Cicadae (Chantui) (181 times). The main properties and flavors of commonly used Chinese medicinal herbs were sweet, bitter, and pungent, which were mainly attributed to the four meridians of liver, lung, heart, and spleen. Commonly used couplet herbs were {Periostracum Cicadae (Chantui)} ≥ {Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan)}, {Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii (Shichangpu)} ≥{ Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan)}, {Radix Bupleuri (Chaihu)} ≥ {Radix Scutellariae (Huangqin)}, {Rhizoma Gastrodiae (Tianma)} ≥ {Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis (Gouteng)}, {Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii (Shichangpu)} ≥ {Periostracum Cicadae (Chantui)}, {Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis (Gouteng)} ≥ {Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan)}, {Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan)} ≥ {Rhizoma Gastrodiae (Tianma)}, {Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii (Shichangpu)} ≥ {Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis (Gouteng)}, etc. The core prescription composition was based on the addition and subtraction of Tianma Gouteng decoction and Erchen decoction. The main pharmacological mechanisms of core prescriptions are mainly reflected in antioxidation, enhancing GABA efficacy, and regulating NMDA channel and sodium channel, neuroprotection, and so on. Conclusion Professor Xiaocheng Yan's medication for the treatment of primary epilepsy was based on the principle of relieving wind and spasm, drying dampness and resolving phlegm, giving consideration to both Qi and blood, and harmonizing liver, lung, heart, and spleen.
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15
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Ren Y, Zhong X, Wang H, Chen Z, Liu Y, Zeng X, Ma Y. Chloroquine Attenuates Asthma Development by Restoring Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype Via the ROS-AKT Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:916508. [PMID: 35721212 PMCID: PMC9198701 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.916508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Switching of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cell phenotype from differentiated-contractile to dedifferentiated-proliferative/synthetic state often occurs in asthmatic subjects with airway dysfunction. Evidence has been provided that chloroquine (an agonist of bitter taste receptors) presented benefits to ASM cell function implicated in asthma. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. House dust mite (HDM)-sensitized mice were administered with chloroquine or dexamethasone before challenge. BALF and lung tissue were obtained for cell counting, histological analysis or ELISA. Primary cultured ASM cells were stimulated with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 or H2O2. Cells and supernatant were collected for the detection of ASM phenotype, ROS level, and proinflammatory cytokine production. In HDM-sensitized mice, chloroquine attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), inflammation and remodeling with an inhibition of immunoglobulin E, IL-4/-13, and TGF-β1 in BALF. ASM cell proliferation (PCNA), hypertrophy (α-SMA), and parasecretion (MMP-9 and MMP-13) were strongly suppressed by chloroquine, hinting the rebalance of the heterogeneous ASM populations in asthmatic airway. Our data in vitro indicated that chloroquine markedly restrained maladaptive alteration in ASM phenotype in concert with a remission of ROS. Using H2O2 and PI3K inhibitor (LY294002), we found that the inhibition of oxidative stress level and ROS-AKT signal by chloroquine may serve as a potential mechanism that dedicates to the restoration of the phenotypic imbalance in ASM cells. Overall, the present findings suggested that chloroquine improves asthmatic airway function by controlling ASM cell phenotype shift, sketching a novel profile of chloroquine as a new therapeutic candidate for airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongqi Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Rhein Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment in an APP/PS1 Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease by Relieving Oxidative Stress through Activating the SIRT1/PGC-1 α Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2524832. [PMID: 35360200 PMCID: PMC8964225 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2524832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, antioxidant therapy has been considered an effective strategy for the treatment of AD. Our previous work discovered that rhein relieved mitochondrial oxidative stress in β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomer-induced primary neurons by improving the sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha- (PGC-1α-) regulated mitochondrial biogenesis. While encouraging results have been provided, mechanisms underlying the beneficial effect of rhein on AD are yet to be elucidated in vivo. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of rhein on an APP/PS1 transgenic (APP/PS1) mouse model of AD and explored its antioxidant mechanisms. As a result, rhein significantly reduced Aβ burden and neuroinflammation and eventually ameliorated cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, rhein reversed oxidative stress in the brain of APP/PS1 mice and protected neurons from oxidative stress-associated apoptosis. Further study revealed that rhein promoted mitochondrial biogenesis against oxidative stress by upregulating SIRT1 and its downstream PGC-1α as well as nuclear respiratory factor 1. Improved mitochondrial biogenesis not only increased the activity of superoxide dismutase to scavenge excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) but also repaired mitochondria by mitochondrial fusion to inhibit the production of ROS from the electron transport chain. Notably, the exposure of rhein in the brain analyzed by tissue distribution study indicated that rhein could permeate into the brain to exert its therapeutic effects. In conclusion, these findings drive rhein to serve as a promising therapeutic antioxidant for the treatment of AD. Our research highlights the therapeutic efficacy for AD through regulating mitochondrial biogenesis via the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway.
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17
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Qiao Y, Zhao Y, Wang G, Song Y, Wei Z, Jin M, Yang D, Yin J, Li J, Liu W. Protection from Benzene-induced Immune Dysfunction in Mice. Toxicology 2022; 468:153103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Zhang Q, Li RL, Tao T, Sun JY, Liu J, Zhang T, Peng W, Wu CJ. Antiepileptic Effects of Cicadae Periostracum on Mice and Its Antiapoptotic Effects in H 2O 2-Stimulated PC12 Cells via Regulation of PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5598818. [PMID: 34336105 PMCID: PMC8324375 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5598818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cicadae Periostracum (CPM), a commonly used animal traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), possesses antifebrile, spasmolytic, antiasthmatic, and antiphlogistic effects. In our present paper, we aimed to systemically investigate the antiepileptic effects of CPM in epileptic mice and explore the related molecular mechanism. Pentylenetetrazole- (PTZ) and strychnine-induced convulsion mice were established, and the results showed CPM could prolong the latency of convulsion and death and improve the neuronal damage in the hippocampus of PTZ-induced mice. Furthermore, the H2O2-treated PC12 cells were prepared to explore the possible mechanisms for the antiepileptic effects of CPM. CCK-8 results showed that CPM significantly improved the cell viability of H2O2-treated PC12 cells. Results of the acridine orange- (AO-) ethidium bromide (EB) staining, cell mitochondrial membrane potential (MOMP) analysis, and flow cytometry analysis showed that CPM significantly suppressed the H2O2-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. In addition, CPM also downregulated the proapoptosis proteins, including Bax, cleaved- (C-) caspase-3, and C-caspase-9, and upregulated Bcl-2. Furthermore, CPM reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels via increasing antioxidative enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Importantly, CPM could increase the phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt) in H2O2-induced PC12 cells and can promote the nuclear transfer of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and increase the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the cytoplasm. In conclusion, our present study suggested CPM possessed antiepileptic effects through antiapoptosis of neuron cells via regulation of the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ting Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jia-Yi Sun
- Innovation Research Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wei Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chun-Jie Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
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Lin CH, Hsieh CL. Chinese Herbal Medicine for Treating Epilepsy. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:682821. [PMID: 34276290 PMCID: PMC8284486 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.682821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicine has a long history of use for treating epilepsy. Because of the side effects of Western antiepileptic therapy and the quest for more accessible treatment, complementary and alternative medicines have become popular. Traditional Chinese medical diet therapy appears to be safe and effective. We searched PubMed and the Cochrane Library through November 2020 for the use of traditional Chinese medicine in clinical settings, including plants, fungi, and animals. Combinations of keywords included “epilepsy,” “seizure,” “antiepileptic,” “anticonvulsive,” “Chinese herbal medicine,” “Chinese herb,” and each of the Latin names, English names, and scientific names of herbs. We also summarized the sources and functions of these herbs in Chinese medicine. Different herbs can be combined to increase antiepileptic effects through various mechanisms, including anti-inflammation, antioxidation, GABAergic effect enhancement, modulation of NMDA channels and sodium channel, and neuroprotection. Despite reports of their anticonvulsive effects, adequate experimental evidence and randomized controlled clinical trials are required to confirm their antiepileptic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hui Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Liang Hsieh
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Bombyx batryticatus Protein-Rich Extract Induces Maturation of Dendritic Cells and Th1 Polarization: A Potential Immunological Adjuvant for Cancer Vaccine. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020476. [PMID: 33477499 PMCID: PMC7831066 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombyx batryticatus, a protein-rich edible insect, is widely used as a traditional medicine in China. Several pharmacological studies have reported the anticancer activity of B. batryticatus extracts; however, the capacity of B. batryticatus extracts as immune potentiators for increasing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy is still unverified. In the present study, we investigated the immunomodulatory role of B. batryticatus protein-rich extract (BBPE) in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and DC vaccine-immunized mice. BBPE-treated BMDCs displayed characteristics of mature immune status, including high expression of surface molecules (CD80, CD86, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I, and MHC-II), increased production of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-12p70), enhanced antigen-presenting ability, and reduced endocytosis. BBPE-treated BMDCs promoted naive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell proliferation and activation. Furthermore, BBPE/ovalbumin (OVA)-pulsed DC-immunized mice showed a stronger OVA-specific multifunctional T-cell response in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and a stronger Th1 antibody response than mice receiving differently treated DCs, which showed the enhanced protective effect against tumor growth in E.G7 tumor-bearing mice. Our data demonstrate that BBPE can be a novel immune potentiator for a DC-based vaccine in anticancer therapy.
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21
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Hydroxy- α-sanshool Possesses Protective Potentials on H 2O 2-Stimulated PC12 Cells by Suppression of Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis through Regulation of PI3K/Akt Signal Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3481758. [PMID: 32695254 PMCID: PMC7368233 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3481758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Zanthoxylum bungeanum pericarp is a commonly used herbal medicine in China with effects of anti-inflammatory and analgesic, improving learning and memory ability, while hydroxy-α-sanshool (HAS) is the most important active ingredient of Z. bungeanum pericarps. The purpose of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of HAS and its related possible mechanisms using a H2O2-stimulated PC12 cell model. CCK-8 assay results showed that HAS had a significant protective effect on H2O2-stimulated PC12 cells without obvious cytotoxicity on normal PC12 cells. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscope (DAPI staining and DCFH-DA staining) indicated that HAS could reduce the H2O2-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells via reduction of intracellular ROS and increase of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Subsequently, results of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) determination suggested that HAS could increase the enzyme activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px whereas it could decrease the MDA contents in H2O2-stimulated PC12 cells. Furthermore, the western blotting assays showed that HAS could upregulate the expressions of p-PI3k, Akt, p-Akt, and Bcl-2, while it could downregulate the expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax in H2O2-stimulated PC12 cells. Collectively, it could be concluded according to our results that HAS possesses protective potentials on H2O2-stimulated PC12 cells through suppression of oxidative stress-induced apoptosis via regulation of PI3K/Akt signal pathway.
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Lu J, Huang Q, Zhang D, Lan T, Zhang Y, Tang X, Xu P, Zhao D, Cong D, Zhao D, Sun L, Li X, Wang J. The Protective Effect of DiDang Tang Against AlCl 3-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in PC12 Cells Through the Activation of SIRT1-Mediated Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:466. [PMID: 32372957 PMCID: PMC7179660 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is considered a pathological factor for various neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The neurotoxicity of aluminum can cause oxidative brain damage, trigger apoptosis, and ultimately cause irreversible damage to neurons. DiDang Tang (DDT), a classic formula within traditional Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis and collaterals, is widely used for the treatment of stroke and AD. In this study, models of oxidative stress and apoptosis were established using AlCl3, and the effects of DDT were evaluated. We found that DDT treatment for 48 h significantly increased cell viability and reduced the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in AlCl3-induced PC12 cells. Moreover, DDT attenuated AlCl3-induced oxidative stress damage by increasing antioxidant activities and apoptosis through mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. Additionally, DDT treatment significantly activated the Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) -mediated Akt/nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathways to limit AlCl3-mediated neurotoxicity. Our data indicated that DDT potently inhibited AlCl3-induced oxidative-stress damage and apoptosis in neural cells by activating the SIRT1-mediated Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which provides further support for the beneficial effects of DDT on Al-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China
| | - Qingxia Huang
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Scientific Research Office, the Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Tianye Lan
- Department of Encephalopathy, the Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Encephalopathy, the Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaolei Tang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Encephalopathy, the Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Dexi Zhao
- Department of Encephalopathy, the Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Deyu Cong
- Department of Tuina, the Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China.,Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Liwei Sun
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China.,Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Encephalopathy, the Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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23
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The Effect of Protein-Rich Extract from Bombyx Batryticatus against Glutamate-Damaged PC12 Cells Via Regulating γ-Aminobutyric Acid Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030553. [PMID: 32012896 PMCID: PMC7037904 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombyx Batryticatus (BB) is a known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) utilized to treat convulsions, epilepsy, cough, asthma, headaches, etc. in China for thousands of years. This study is aimed at investigating optimum extraction of protein-rich extracts from BB (BBPs) using response surface methodology (RSM) and exploring the protective effects of BBPs against nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced PC12 cells injured by glutamate (Glu) and their underlying mechanisms. The results indicated optimum process of extraction was as follows: extraction time 1.00 h, ratio of liquid to the raw material 3.80 mL/g and ultrasonic power 230.0 W. The cell viability of PC12 cells stimulated by Glu was determined by CCK-8 assay. The levels of γ-aminobutyric (GABA), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-4 (IL-4), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and glucocorticoid receptor alpha (GR) in PC12 cells were assayed by ELISA. Furthermore, the Ca2+ levels in PC12 cells were determined by flow cytometry analysis. Protein and mRNA expressions of GABAA-Rα1, NMDAR1, GAD 65, GAD 67, GAT 1 and GAT 3 in PC12 cells were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting assays. Results revealed that BBPs decreased toxic effects due to Glu treatment and decreased Ca2+ levels in PC12 cells. After BBPs treatments, levels of GABA and 5-HT were increased and contents of TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-1β were decreased in NGF-induced PC12 cells injured by Glu. Moreover, BBPs up-regulated the expressions of GABAA-Rα1, GAD 65 and GAD 67, whereas down-regulated that of NMDAR1 GAT 1 and GAT 3. These findings suggested that BBPs possessed protective effects on NGF-induced PC12 cells injured by Glu via γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) signaling pathways, which demonstrated that BBPs has potential anti-epileptic effect in vitro. These findings may be useful in the development of novel medicine for the treatment of epilepsy.
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Lim HS, Kim JS, Moon BC, Ryu SM, Lee J, Park G. Batryticatus Bombyx Protects Dopaminergic Neurons Against MPTP-Induced Neurotoxicity by Inhibiting Oxidative Damage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120574. [PMID: 31766449 PMCID: PMC6943627 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Altered redox homeostasis in neurons interferes with several biological processes, ultimately leading to neuronal death. Oxidative damage has been identified as one of the principal mechanisms underlying the progression of PD. Several studies highlight the key role of superoxide radicals in inducing neuronal toxicity. Batryticatus Bombyx (BB), the dried larva of Bombyx mori L. infected by Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., has been used in traditional medicine for its various pharmacological effects. In the present study, BB showed a beneficial effect on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neurotoxicity by directly targeting dopaminergic neurons. Treatment with BB improved behavioral impairments, protected dopaminergic neurons, and maintained dopamine levels in PD mouse models. Here, we investigated the protective effects of BB on MPTP-induced PD in mice and explored the underlying mechanisms of action, focusing on oxidative signaling. In MPTP-induced PD, BB promoted recovery from impaired movement, prevented dopamine depletion, and protected against dopaminergic neuronal degradation in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) or the striatum (ST). Moreover, BB upregulated mediators of antioxidative response such as superoxidase dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and NAD(P)H (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) dehydrogenase (NQO1). Thus, treatment with BB reduced the oxidative stress, improved behavioral impairments, and protected against dopamine depletion in MPTP-induced toxicity.
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25
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Jin Y, Yao X, Sun L, Yang W, Cui R, Li B. Recent Advances in Epilepsy. Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:914-915. [PMID: 31580242 PMCID: PMC7052831 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x1710190911122554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218. Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218. Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Lihua Sun
- Department of Anesthesia, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218. Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218. Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218. Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Bingjin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218. Changchun, 130041, China
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