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Gonde DP, Bhole BK, Kakad KS. Andrographolide, diterpenoid constituent of Andrographis paniculata: Review on botany, phytochemistry, molecular docking analysis, and pharmacology. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2024; 82:15-43. [PMID: 37813330 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Andrographispaniculata (kalmegh) is also known as "king of bitters", is an herbaceous plant belongs to family Acanthaceae. The therapeutic effect is due to presence of diterpenoid lactone derivatives of A. paniculata mainly andrographolide. The main purpose of this review includes detailed (past and present) study of A. paniculata and its most important component andrographolide a diterpenoid lactone with respect to its botany, phytochemistry, molecular docking analysis and pharmacological effects i.e., therapeutic benefits. In reference to the search, we also compiled variety of dosage forms available, which are made up of A. paniculata extract and Andrographolide such as tablets and capsules. This review also discusses reported methods of extraction of phytoconstituents, pharmacokinetics of main components, their molecular docking analysis data and main therapeutic applications with their proposed mechanism of actions in various diseases. According to data collected, A. paniculata is becoming more and more valuable as a therapeutic herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak P Gonde
- Pharmacognosy Department, PES Modern college of Pharmacy, Sector 21, Yamunanagar, Nigdi Pune 411044, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Bhumika K Bhole
- Pharmacognosy Department, PES Modern college of Pharmacy, Sector 21, Yamunanagar, Nigdi Pune 411044, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Kalyani S Kakad
- Pharmacognosy Department, PES Modern college of Pharmacy, Sector 21, Yamunanagar, Nigdi Pune 411044, Maharashtra, India.
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Muñoz AJ, Espínola F, Ruiz E, Moya M, Castro E. Biocidal and synergistic effect of three types of biologically synthesised silver/silver chloride nanoparticles. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:18. [PMID: 37985512 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03825-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Three types of silver/silver chloride nanoparticles were obtained by green synthesis from three types of microbial biomass. Their biocidal capacity was tested against six microorganisms. Two filamentous fungi were used that had previously demonstrated the ability to synthesise nanoparticles, Penicillium sp. 8L2 and Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05. Also, the synthesis capacity of a yeast, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa 1S1, was evaluated. The original protocols underwent slight modifications. At the same time, the fractional inhibitory concentration was obtained. The interaction between specific antibiotics and the nanoparticles that showed the greatest biocidal capacity came from Penicillium sp.8L2, and it was studied further. All nanoparticles were characterised by UV-vis spectrophotometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Also, their size distribution was analysed, which was in the range of 4 to 34 nm. The biocidal capacity of the nanoparticles for a group of bacteria and fungi was studied, presenting very low values in the range of 2.5-10 µg/mL for bacteria and 4-256 µg/mL for fungi. The interactions between the nanoparticles synthesised by Penicillium sp. 8L2 and a group of specific antibiotics for the tested microorganisms were also studied, proving that there was a synergistic interaction with vancomycin and ciprofloxacin and Staphylococcus epidermidis CECT 4183 and Escherichia coli CECT 101 bacteria, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Muñoz
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain.
| | - Francisco Espínola
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Encarnación Ruiz
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Manuel Moya
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Eulogio Castro
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
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Elmi T, Ardestani MS, Motevalian M, Hesari AK, Hamzeh MS, Zamani Z, Tabatabaie F. Antiplasmodial Effect of Nano Dendrimer G2 Loaded with Chloroquine in Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei. Acta Parasitol 2022; 67:298-308. [PMID: 34398379 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-021-00459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria is a parasitic lethal disease caused by Plasmodium protozoa. The resistance and drugs' side effects have led to numerous researches for alternative suitable drugs with better efficiency and lower toxicity PURPOSE: In the present study, we investigated in vivo antimalarial effects of G2 linear dendrimer-based nano-chloroquine. METHODS After the preparation of nano dendrimer G2, chloroquine loading was done. Determine the characterization of particles were specified by DLS, SLS and SEM. The LC-MS and FTIR were used for verifying the nano dendrimer G2 and the loading of chloroquine into the compound. The Solubility N-chloroquine and measurement of drug release rate were done. Antiplasmodial activity of N-chloroquine on BALB/c mice was performed by the microscope and enzymatic methods. At the end, In vivo toxicity of N-chloroquine on tissues was assayed. The RBC morphology and enzyme levels were identified. RESULTS The results showed the synthesized N-chloroquine had suitable size and solubility. Highest inhibitory effect on Plasmodium parasitic growth was observed at 16 mg/kg dose of N-chloroquine, which eliminated 95% of the parasites (p > 0.05). ED50 is observed at 7.7 mg/kg of N-chloroquine dose. Biochemical findings showed the synthesized N-chloroquine was safer than chloroquine. The N-chloroquine no adverse effects were observed in examined tissues. CONCLUSION Due to the better effect of the synthesized N-chloroquine on Plasmodium berghei in mice compared to chloroquine, this nanoparticle can be considered as an effective anti-plasmodium compound while more comprehensive research is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taher Elmi
- Department of Laboratory Science, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manijeh Motevalian
- Department of Pharmacology and Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Kalantari Hesari
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Seyyed Hamzeh
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Zamani
- Biochemistry Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Pasteur Avenue, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Tabatabaie
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zeng B, Wei A, Zhou Q, Yuan M, Lei K, Liu Y, Song J, Guo L, Ye Q. Andrographolide: A review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and clinical trials and pharmaceutical researches. Phytother Res 2021; 36:336-364. [PMID: 34818697 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees, a renowned herb medicine in China, is broadly utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of cold and fever, sore throat, sore tongue, snake bite with its excellent functions of clearing heat and toxin, cooling blood and detumescence from times immemorial. Modern pharmacological research corroborates that andrographolide, the major ingredient in this traditional herb, is the fundamental material basis for its efficacy. As the main component of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees, andrographolide reveals numerous therapeutic actions, such as antiinflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic and so on. However, there are scarcely systematic summaries on the specific mechanism of disease treatment and pharmacokinetics. Moreover, it is also found that it possesses easily ignored security issues in clinical application, such as nephrotoxicity and reproductive toxicity. Thereby it should be kept a lookout over in clinical. Besides, the relationship between the efficacy and security issues of andrographolide should be investigated and evaluated scientifically. In this review, special emphasis is given to andrographolide, a multifunctional natural terpenoids, including its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and pharmaceutical researches. A brief overview of its clinical trials is also presented. This review intends to systematically and comprehensively summarize the current researches of andrographolide, which is of great significance for the development of andrographolide clinical products. Noteworthy, those un-cracked issues such as specific pharmacological mechanisms, security issues, as well as the bottleneck in clinical transformation, which detailed exploration and excavation are still not to be ignored before achieving integration into clinical practice. In addition, given that current extensive clinical data do not have sufficient rigor and documented details, more high-quality investigations in this field are needed to validate the efficacy and/or safety of many herbal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Ailing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Minghao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kelu Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiawen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Ren X, Xu W, Sun J, Dong B, Awala H, Wang L. Current Trends on Repurposing and Pharmacological Enhancement of Andrographolide. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2346-2368. [PMID: 32778020 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200810135604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Andrographolide, the main bioactive component separated from Andrographis paniculata in 1951, has been scrutinized with a modern drug discovery approach for anti-inflammatory properties since 1984. Identification of new uses of existing drugs can be facilitated by searching for evidence linking them to known or yet undiscovered drug targets and human disease states to develop new therapeutic indications.Furthermore, a wide spectrum of biological properties of andrographolide such as anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-malarial, anti-atherosclerosis are also reported. However, poor water solubility and instability limit its clinical application. It becomes crucial to enhance its pharmacological function and find a new treatment option for more diseases. Therefore, this article reviews the major recent developments in andrographolide, including repurposing applications in different diseases and underlying mechanisms, particularly focusing on pharmacological enhancement of andrographolide such as derivatives, chemical modifications with potent biological activity and drug delivery. The repurposing and pharmacological enhancement of andrographolide would not only have exciting therapeutic potential to different diseases to facilitate drug marketing, but also decrease the economic burden on healthcare worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ren
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wenzhou Xu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Sciences and Technology for Stomatology Nanoengineering, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Biao Dong
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Hussein Awala
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Nabatieh, Lebanon
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
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