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Ma Q, Ma F, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Peng L, Li X. The short peptide encoded by long non-coding RNA RNF217-AS1 inhibits stomach cancer tumorigenesis, macrophage recruitment, and pro-inflammatory responses. Amino Acids 2024; 56:45. [PMID: 39007996 PMCID: PMC11249698 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-024-03404-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Certain long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have potential peptide-coding abilities. Here, the role and molecular basis of the RNF217-AS1-encoded peptide in stomach cancer (SC) tumorigenesis were explored. Here, lncRNAs associated with SC pathogenesis and macrophage infiltration and lncRNAs with peptide-coding potential were searched by bioinformatics analysis. The gene mRNA and protein levels were examined by RT-qPCR and western blot assays, respectively. Cell viability, migratory, and invasive abilities were measured by CCK-8, Transwell migration, and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. The potential biological processes related to lncRNA RNF217-AS1 were identified by single-gene GSEA analysis. The effect of RNF217-AS1-encoded peptide on SC tumorigenesis was examined by mouse xenograft experiments. The results showed that lncRNA NR2F1-AS1 and RNF217-AS1 were differentially expressed and associated with macrophage infiltration in SC, and they had the ability to translate into short peptides. The RNF217-AS1 ORF-encoded peptide could reduce SC cell viability, inhibit cell migration and invasion, as well as hinder the development of SC xenograft tumors. The RNF217-AS1 ORF-encoded peptide in human SC AGS cells suppressed THP-1 cell migration, triggered the differential expression of CXCL1/CXCL2/CXCL8/CXCL12, and inactivated the TLR4/NF-κB/STAT1 signaling pathways. As a conclusion, the RNF217-AS1 ORF-encoded peptide hindered SC progression in vitro and in vivo and suppressed macrophage recruitment and pro-inflammatory responses in SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Yonglei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Liangqun Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Xiangnan Li
- Department of Cerebral Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
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2
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Fan Z, Cui Y, Chen L, Liu P, Duan W. 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid attenuates 5-fluorouracil resistance of colorectal cancer by modulating M2 macrophage polarization via STAT6 signaling. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:83. [PMID: 38554148 PMCID: PMC10981607 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03662-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Macrophage polarization is closely associated with the inflammatory processes involved in the development and chemoresistance of colorectal cancer (CRC). M2 macrophages, the predominant subtype of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in a wide variety of malignancies, have been demonstrated to promote the resistance of CRC to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In our study, we investigated the potential of 23-Hydroxybetulinic Acid (23-HBA), a significant active component of Pulsatilla chinensis (P. chinensis), to inhibit the polarization of M2 macrophages induced by IL-4. Our results showed that 23-HBA reduced the expression of M2 specific marker CD206, while downregulating the mRNA levels of M2 related genes (CD206, Arg1, IL-10, and CCL2). Additionally, 23-HBA effectively attenuated the inhibitory effects of the conditioned medium from M2 macrophages on apoptosis in colorectal cancer SW480 cells. Mechanistically, 23-HBA prevented the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of the STAT6 protein, resulting in the inhibition of IL-10 release in M2 macrophages. Moreover, it interfered with the activation of the IL-10/STAT3/Bcl-2 signaling pathway in SW480 cells, ultimately reducing M2 macrophage-induced resistance to 5-FU. Importantly, depleting STAT6 expression in macrophages abolished the suppressive effect of 23-HBA on M2 macrophage polarization, while also eliminating its ability to decrease M2 macrophage-induced 5-FU resistance in cancer cells. Furthermore, 23-HBA significantly diminished the proportion of M2 macrophages in the tumor tissues of colorectal cancer mice, simultaneously enhancing the anti-cancer efficacy of 5-FU. The findings presented in this study highlight the capacity of 23-HBA to inhibit M2 macrophage polarization, a process that contributes to reduced 5-FU resistance in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yaru Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation on Anti-Tumor Effect of Chinese Medicine by Strengthening Body Resistance to Eliminate Pathogenic Factors, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lanying Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation on Anti-Tumor Effect of Chinese Medicine by Strengthening Body Resistance to Eliminate Pathogenic Factors, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenbin Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation on Anti-Tumor Effect of Chinese Medicine by Strengthening Body Resistance to Eliminate Pathogenic Factors, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
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Sousa-Squiavinato ACM, Morgado-Díaz JA. A glimpse into cofilin-1 role in cancer therapy: A potential target to improve clinical outcomes? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189087. [PMID: 38395237 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Cofilin-1 (CFL1) modulates dynamic actin networks by severing and enhancing depolymerization. The upregulation of cofilin-1 expression in several cancer types is associated with tumor progression and metastasis. However, recent discoveries indicated relevant cofilin-1 functions under oxidative stress conditions, interplaying with mitochondrial dynamics, and apoptosis networks. In this scenario, these emerging roles might impact the response to clinical therapy and could be used to enhance treatment efficacy. Here, we highlight new perspectives of cofilin-1 in the therapy resistance context and discussed how cofilin-1 is involved in these events, exploring aspects of its contribution to therapeutic resistance. We also provide an analysis of CFL1 expression in several tumors predicting survival. Therefore, understanding how exactly coflin-1 plays, particularly in therapy resistance, may pave the way to the development of treatment strategies and improvement of patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose Andrés Morgado-Díaz
- Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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4
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Chen F, Gong M, Weng D, Jin Z, Han G, Yang Z, Han J, Wang J. Phellinus linteus activates Treg cells via FAK to promote M2 macrophage polarization in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:18. [PMID: 38240856 PMCID: PMC10799134 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03592-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent malignant tumor worldwide. Within HCC's tumor microenvironment, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) plays a critical role. Regulatory T cells (Treg) modulate the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages , but the relationship between FAK, Treg cells, and macrophages remains underexplored. Phellinus linteus (PL) shows promise as a treatment for HCC due to its pharmacological effects. This study aimed to explore the relationship between FAK and Treg-macrophages and to assess whether PL could exert a protective effect through the FAK process in HCC. Initially, C57BL/6-FAK-/- tumor-bearing mice were utilized to demonstrate that FAK stimulates HCC tumor development. High dosages (200 μM) of FAK and the FAK activator ZINC40099027 led to an increase in Treg (CD4+CD25+) cells, a decrease in M1 macrophages (F4/80+CD16/32+, IL-12, IL-2, iNOS), and an increase in M2 macrophages (F4/80+CD206+, IL-4, IL-10, Arg1, TGF-β1). Additionally, FAK was found to encourage cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition while inhibiting apoptosis in HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells. These effects were mediated by the PI3K/AKT1/Janus Kinase (JAK)/ signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK)/Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) signaling pathways. Furthermore, PL exhibited a potent antitumor effect in vivo in a dose-dependent manner, reducing FAK, Treg cells, and M2 macrophages, while increasing M1 macrophages. This effect was achieved through the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/JAK/STAT3, and p38/JNK pathways. Overall, our findings suggest that FAK promotes HCC via Treg cells that polarize macrophages toward the M2 type through specific signaling pathways. PL, acting through FAK, could be a protective therapy against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihua Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou Medical College Affiliated Lin'an People's Hospital, No. 548 Yijin Road, Jincheng Street, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mouchun Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou Medical College Affiliated Lin'an People's Hospital, No. 548 Yijin Road, Jincheng Street, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dengcheng Weng
- Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou Medical College Affiliated Lin'an People's Hospital, No. 548 Yijin Road, Jincheng Street, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaoqing Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou Medical College Affiliated Lin'an People's Hospital, No. 548 Yijin Road, Jincheng Street, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guofeng Han
- Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou Medical College Affiliated Lin'an People's Hospital, No. 548 Yijin Road, Jincheng Street, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziqiang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou Medical College Affiliated Lin'an People's Hospital, No. 548 Yijin Road, Jincheng Street, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junjun Han
- Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou Medical College Affiliated Lin'an People's Hospital, No. 548 Yijin Road, Jincheng Street, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianjiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou Medical College Affiliated Lin'an People's Hospital, No. 548 Yijin Road, Jincheng Street, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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Kalyvianaki K, Salampasi EM, Katsoulieris EN, Boukla E, Vogiatzoglou AP, Notas G, Castanas E, Kampa M. 5-Oxo-ETE/OXER1: A Link between Tumor Cells and Macrophages Leading to Regulation of Migration. Molecules 2023; 29:224. [PMID: 38202807 PMCID: PMC10780139 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is an important factor in the development of cancer. Macrophages found in tumors, known as tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), are key players in this process, promoting tumor growth through humoral and cellular mechanisms. 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-oxo-ETE), an arachidonic acid metabolite, has been described to possess a potent chemoattractant activity for human white blood cells (WBCs). The biological actions of 5-oxo-ETE are mediated through the GPCR 5-oxo-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid receptor (OXER1). In addition, we have previously reported OXER1 as one of the membrane androgen receptors with testosterone antagonizing 5-oxo-ETE's actions. OXER1 is highly expressed in inflammatory cells and many normal and cancer tissues and cells, including prostate and breast cancer, promoting cancer cell survival. In the present study we investigate the expression and role of OXER1 in WBCs, THP-1 monocytes, and THP-1 derived macrophages, as well as its possible role in the interaction between macrophages and cancer cells (DU-145 and T47D). We report that OXER1 is differentially expressed between WBCs and macrophages and that receptor expression is modified by LPS treatment. Our results show that testosterone and 5-oxo-ETE can act in an antagonistic way affecting Ca2+ movements, migration, and cytokines' expression in immune-related cells, in a differentiation-dependent manner. Finally, we report that 5-oxo-ETE, through OXER1, can attract macrophages to the tumor site while tumor cells' OXER1 activation in DU-145 prostate and T47D breast cancer cells, by macrophages, induces actin cytoskeletal changes and increases their migration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Elias Castanas
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (K.K.); (E.M.S.); (E.N.K.); (E.B.); (A.P.V.); (G.N.)
| | - Marilena Kampa
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (K.K.); (E.M.S.); (E.N.K.); (E.B.); (A.P.V.); (G.N.)
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6
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Yang X, Fu Q, Zhang W, An Q, Zhang Z, Li H, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng Y, Chen S, Man C, Du L, Chen Q, Wang F. Overexpression of Pasteurella multocida OmpA induces transcriptional changes and its possible implications for the macrophage polarization. Microb Pathog 2023; 183:106212. [PMID: 37353176 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) is a highly infectious, zoonotic pathogen. Outer membrane protein A (OmpA) is an important virulence component of the outer membrane of P. multocida. OmpA mediates bacterial biofilm formation, eukaryotic cell infection, and immunomodulation. It is unclear how OmpA affects the host immune response. We estimated the role of OmpA in the pathogenesis of P. multocida by investigating the effect of OmpA on the immune cell transcriptome. Changes in the transcriptome of rat alveolar macrophages (NR8383) upon overexpression of P. multocida OmpA were demonstrated. A model cell line for stable transcription of OmpA was constructed by infecting NR8383 cells with OmpA-expressing lentivirus. RNA was extracted from cells and sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq platform. Key gene analysis of genes in the RNA-seq dataset were performed using various bioinformatics methods, such as gene ontology enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, and Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis. Our findings revealed 1340 differentially expressed genes. Immune-related pathways that were significantly altered in rat alveolar macrophages under the effect of OmpA included focal adhesion, extracellular matrix and vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathways, antigen processing and presentation, nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. The key genes screened were Vegfa, Igf2r, Fabp5, P2rx1, C5ar1, Nedd4l, Gas6, Cxcl1, Pf4, Pdgfb, Thbs1, Col7a1, Vwf, Ccl9, and Arg1. Data of associated pathways and altered gene expression indicated that OmpA might cause the conversion of rat alveolar macrophages to M2-like. The related pathways and key genes can serve as a reference for OmpA of P. multitocida and host interaction mechanism studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yang
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Qiaoyu Fu
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Wencan Zhang
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Qi An
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhang
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Hong Li
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Xiangying Chen
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yiwen Cheng
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Si Chen
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Churiga Man
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Li Du
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
| | - Qiaoling Chen
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
| | - Fengyang Wang
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
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7
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Li J, Sun J, Zeng Z, Liu Z, Ma M, Zheng Z, He Y, Kang W. Tumour-associated macrophages in gastric cancer: From function and mechanism to application. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1386. [PMID: 37608500 PMCID: PMC10444973 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumour, with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The occurrence and development of GC is a complex process involving genetic changes in tumour cells and the influence of the surrounding tumour microenvironment (TME). Accumulative evidence shows that tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a vital role in GC, acting as plentiful and active infiltrating inflammatory cells in the TME. MAIN BODY In this review, the different functions and mechanisms of TAMs in GC progression, including the conversion of phenotypic subtypes; promotion of tumour proliferation, invasion and migration; induction of chemoresistance; promotion of angiogenesis; modulation of immunosuppression; reprogramming of metabolism; and interaction with the microbial community are summarised. Although the role of TAMs in GC remains controversial in clinical settings, clarifying their significance in the treatment selection and prognostic prediction of GC could support optimising TAM-centred clinicaltherapy. CONCLUSION In summary, we reviewed the the phenotypic polarisation, function and molecular mechanism of TAMs and their potential applications in the treatment selection and prognostic prediction of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Juan Sun
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ziyang Zeng
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Ma
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zicheng Zheng
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yixuan He
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Weiming Kang
- Department of General SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
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8
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Zhao G, Luo T, Liu Z, Li J. Development and validation of focal adhesion-related genes signature in gastric cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1122580. [PMID: 36968601 PMCID: PMC10030739 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1122580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aims to build a focal adhesion-related genes-based prognostic signature (FAS) to accurately predict gastric cancer (GC) prognosis and identify key prognostic genes related to gastric cancer. Results: Gene expression and clinical data of gastric cancer patients were sourced from Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas. Subsequently, the GEO dataset was randomly distributed into training and test cohorts. The TCGA dataset was used to validate the external cohort. Lasso Cox regression was used to detect OS-related genes in the GEO cohort. A risk score model was established according to the screened genes. A nomogram, based on the clinical characteristics and risk score, was generated to predict the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration performances, we evaluated the models' validity. The patients were grouped into a high- or low-risk group depending on the risk score. Low-risk patients exhibited higher OS than high-risk patients (entire cohort: p < 0.001; training cohort: p < 0.001, test cohort: p < 0.001). Furthermore, we found a correlation between high-risk gastric cancer and extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor interaction, high infiltration of macrophages, CD44, and HLA-DOA. Conclusion: The generated model based on the genetic characteristics of the focal adhesion prognostic gene can aid in the prognosis of gastric cancer patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Zhao
- Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianqi Luo
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zexian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianjun Li,
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9
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Chabeli MS, Wang X, Yinghao L, Chen C, Yang C, Shou Y, Wang S, Chen K. Similarities between wound re-epithelialization and Metastasis in ESCC and the crucial involvement of macrophages: A review. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2022; 32:100621. [PMID: 36007473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In cancer, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) possess crucial functions in facilitating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is a crucial process in tumor metastasis. Tumor metastasis is one of the hallmarks of cancer and leads to patient mortality. Cancer cells often find ways to evade being detected and attacked by the immune system. This is achieved by cross-talk between cancer cells and the altered microenvironment. The accumulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) creates an immunosuppressive and tumor-supportive environment. Circulating monocytes and macrophages which are recruited into tumors are defined as tumor-associated macrophages once in the TME. Based on the activated stimuli and function, macrophages can be divided into M1 macrophages and M2 macrophages. M1 macrophages, also known as classically activated macrophages, exhibit pro-inflammatory and antitumor activities. M2 macrophages, also known as alternatively activated macrophages, exhibit anti-inflammatory, pro-tumorigenic, and wound healing activities. TAMs are considered to be of the M2 phenotype. The TME polarizes recruited macrophages into M2 macrophages as they provide an immunosuppressive pro-tumoral environment. Accumulating studies show that the presence of TAMs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) leads to tumor progression. In this review, we discuss how EMT can be used by TAMs to cause tumor migration and metastasis in ESCC. We also discuss the potential therapies targeting TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maletsooa Story Chabeli
- Academy of medical sciences, Department of Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou, 450052, China,.
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Liang Yinghao
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Chao Chen
- Academy of medical sciences, Department of Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chenbo Yang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yuwei Shou
- Academy of medical sciences, Department of Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Shuaiyuan Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Kuisheng Chen
- Academy of medical sciences, Department of Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou, 450052, China,.
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10
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Simón L, Sanhueza S, Gaete-Ramírez B, Varas-Godoy M, Quest AFG. Role of the Pro-Inflammatory Tumor Microenvironment in Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Transfer of Therapy Resistance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:897205. [PMID: 35646668 PMCID: PMC9130576 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.897205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in our understanding of cancer biology have contributed to generating different treatments to improve the survival of cancer patients. However, although initially most of the therapies are effective, relapse and recurrence occur in a large percentage of these cases after the treatment, and patients then die subsequently due to the development of therapy resistance in residual cancer cells. A large spectrum of molecular and cellular mechanisms have been identified as important contributors to therapy resistance, and more recently the inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME) has been ascribed an important function as a source of signals generated by the TME that modulate cellular processes in the tumor cells, such as to favor the acquisition of therapy resistance. Currently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered one of the main means of communication between cells of the TME and have emerged as crucial modulators of cancer drug resistance. Important in this context is, also, the inflammatory TME that can be caused by several conditions, including hypoxia and following chemotherapy, among others. These inflammatory conditions modulate the release and composition of EVs within the TME, which in turn alters the responses of the tumor cells to cancer therapies. The TME has been ascribed an important function as a source of signals that modulate cellular processes in the tumor cells, such as to favor the acquisition of therapy resistance. Although generally the main cellular components considered to participate in generating a pro-inflammatory TME are from the immune system (for instance, macrophages), more recently other types of cells of the TME have also been shown to participate in this process, including adipocytes, cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, cancer stem cells, as well as the tumor cells. In this review, we focus on summarizing available information relating to the impact of a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment on the release of EVs derived from both cancer cells and cells of the TME, and how these EVs contribute to resistance to cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Simón
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sofía Sanhueza
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Belén Gaete-Ramírez
- Cancer Cell Biology Laboratory, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Varas-Godoy
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Cancer Cell Biology Laboratory, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.,Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew F G Quest
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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11
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EZH2 as a new therapeutic target in brain tumors: Molecular landscape, therapeutic targeting and future prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112532. [PMID: 34906772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors are responsible for high mortality and morbidity worldwide. The brain tumor treatment depends on identification of molecular pathways involved in progression and malignancy. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has obtained much attention in recent years in field of cancer therapy due to its aberrant expression and capacity in modulating expression of genes by binding to their promoter and affecting methylation status. The present review focuses on EZH2 signaling in brain tumors including glioma, glioblastoma, astrocytoma, ependymomas, medulloblastoma and brain rhabdoid tumors. EZH2 signaling mainly participates in increasing proliferation and invasion of cancer cells. However, in medulloblastoma, EZH2 demonstrates tumor-suppressor activity. Furthermore, EZH2 can regulate response of brain tumors to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Various molecular pathways can function as upstream mediators of EZH2 in brain tumors including lncRNAs and miRNAs. Owing to its enzymatic activity, EZH2 can bind to promoter of target genes to induce methylation and affects their expression. EZH2 can be considered as an independent prognostic factor in brain tumors that its upregulation provides undesirable prognosis. Both anti-tumor agents and gene therapies such as siRNA have been developed for targeting EZH2 in cancer therapy.
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12
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Mao D, Xu R, Chen H, Chen X, Li D, Song S, He Y, Wei Z, Zhang C. Cross-Talk of Focal Adhesion-Related Gene Defines Prognosis and the Immune Microenvironment in Gastric Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:716461. [PMID: 34660578 PMCID: PMC8517448 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.716461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Focal adhesion, as the intermediary between tumor cells and extracellular matrix communication, plays a variety of roles in tumor invasion, migration, and drug resistance. However, the potential role of focal adhesion-related genes in the microenvironment, immune cell infiltration, and drug sensitivity of gastric cancer (GC) has not yet been revealed. Methods: The genetic and transcriptional perspectives of focal adhesion-related genes were systematically analyzed. From a genetic perspective, the focal adhesion index (FAI) was constructed based on 18 prognosis-related focus adhesion-related genes to evaluate the immune microenvironment and drug sensitivity. Then three prognosis-related genes were used for consistent clustering to identify GC subtypes. Finally, use FLT1, EGF, COL5A2, and M2 macrophages to develop risk signatures, and establish a nomogram together with clinicopathological characteristics. Results: Mutations in the focal adhesion-related gene affect the survival time and clinical characteristics of GC patients. FAI has been associated with a shorter survival time, immune signaling pathways, M2 macrophage infiltration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling, and diffuse type of GC. FAI recognizes ALK, cell cycle, and BMX signaling pathways inhibitors as sensitive agents for the treatment of GC. FLT1, EGF, and COL5A2 may distinguish GC subtypes. The established risk signature is of great significance to the prognostic evaluation of GC based on FLT1, EGF, and COL5A2 and M2 macrophage expression. Conclusion: The focal adhesion-related gene is a potential biomarker for the evaluation of the immune microenvironment and prognosis. This work emphasizes the potential impact of the focal adhesion pathway in GC therapy and highlights its guiding role in prognostic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deli Mao
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengxing Chen
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiancong Chen
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongsheng Li
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shenglei Song
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yulong He
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhewei Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changhua Zhang
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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13
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Zhou C, Zhang H, Lu L. Identification and Validation of Hypoxia-Related lncRNA Signature as a Prognostic Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:744113. [PMID: 34650600 PMCID: PMC8505699 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.744113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most general malignant tumors. Hypoxia is a critical clinical characteristic and acts as a significant part in the development and cancers’ prognosis. The prognostic value and biological functions of hypoxia-related lncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma is little known. Thus, we aim to establish a hypoxia-related lncRNA signature to predict the HCC patients’ survival. First, we extracted the hypoxia-related genes and expression of lncRNAs from the MSigDB and TCGA database, respectively. The co-expression analysis among hypoxia-related mRNAs and lncRNAs was employed to identify hypoxia-related lncRNAs. Then, comprehensive analyses of lncRNAs expression level and survival data were applied to establish the signature. We built a prognostic signature on the foundation of the three differently expressed hypoxia-related lncRNAs. Kaplan-Meier curves indicated the low-risk group is associated with better survival. The 1−, 3−, and 5 years AUC values of the signature were 0.805, 0.672 and 0.63 respectively. The test set performed consistent outcomes. A nomogram was built grounded on the risk score and clinicopathological features. GSEA showed the immune-related pathways in high-risk group, while metabolism-related pathways in low-risk group. Besides, we found this model was correlated with the clinical features, tumor immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, and m6A-related genes. Finally, a novel signature based on hypoxia-related lncRNAs was established and validated for predicting HCC patients’ survival and may offer some useful information for immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghui Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Huajun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liqing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Nema R, Patel P, Kumar A. Prognostic Role of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-Like Orphan Receptors in Intestinal-Type Gastric Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:2125-2134. [PMID: 34319035 PMCID: PMC8607102 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.7.2125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is diagnosed at advanced stages and has high mortality rates. Surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy are the main therapeutic approaches for GC. Despite curative resection, recurrence and metastasis contribute to a high mortality rate in patients with GC. The receptor-tyrosine-kinase-like orphan receptors 1/2 (ROR1/2) are transmembrane proteins belonging to the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. ROR1 and ROR2 are known to overexpress in the tumor tissues from several types of cancer patients. However, the role of RORs in the prognosis has not been understood. METHODS This study aimed to determine the association of mRNA expression of ROR1, ROR2, and their signaling components WNT5A, NKX2-1, and FOXF1, with the survival outcome of GC patients. We performed Kaplan-Meir survival analysis on publicly available 'The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)' data sets using 'Kaplan-Meir Plotter.' RESULTS High mRNA expression of ROR1, ROR2, NKX2-1, and FOXF1 was significantly correlated with worse overall survival (OS) of GC patients. Interestingly ROR1 and ROR showed a prognostic role in the intestinal subtype, but not in the diffuse subtype of GC. Furthermore, ROR1 was positively correlated with regulatory T cells and M2-type macrophages and negatively correlated with Th17 and natural killer T cells in the tumor stroma of patients with GC. CONCLUSION We conclude that the expression of ROR1, ROR2, and their associated genes correlate with worst prognosis of GC patients, particularly in the intestinal type. .
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhopal, Saket Nagar, Bhopal, India.
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15
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Zhang H, Qin C, Liu HW, Guo X, Gan H. An Effective Hypoxia-Related Long Non-Coding RNAs Assessment Model for Prognosis of Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:616722. [PMID: 33692953 PMCID: PMC7937891 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.616722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a significant clinical feature and regulates various tumor processes in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC). Increasing evidence has demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely associated with the survival outcomes of ccRCC patients and regulates hypoxia-induced tumor processes. Thus, this study aimed to develop a hypoxia-related lncRNA (HRL) prognostic model for predicting the survival outcomes in ccRCC. LncRNAs in ccRCC samples were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Hypoxia-related genes were downloaded from the Molecular Signatures Database. A co-expression analysis between differentially expressed lncRNAs and hypoxia-related genes in ccRCC samples was performed to identify HRLs. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to select nine optimal lncRNAs for developing the HRL model. The prognostic model showed good performance in predicting prognosis among patients with ccRCC, and the validation sets reached consistent results. The model was also found to be related to the clinicopathologic parameters of tumor grade and tumor stage and to tumor immune infiltration. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the hypoxia-lncRNA assessment model may be useful for prognostication in ccRCC cases. Furthermore, the nine HRLs included in the model might be useful targets for investigating the tumorigenesis of ccRCC and designing individualized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Wen Liu
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiong Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Gan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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