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Fan C, Basharat Z, Mah K, Wei CR. Computational approach for drug discovery against Gardnerella vaginalis in quest for safer and effective treatments for bacterial vaginosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17437. [PMID: 39075099 PMCID: PMC11286753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68443-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV), primarily attributed to Gardnerella vaginalis, poses significant challenges due to antibiotic resistance and suboptimal treatment outcomes. This study presents an integrated approach to identify potential drug targets and screen compounds against this bacterium by leveraging a computational methodology. Subtractive proteomics of the reference strain ASM286196v1/UMB0386 (assembly accession: GCA_002861965.1) facilitated the prioritization of proteins with essential bacterial functions and pathways as potential drug targets. We selected 3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase (aroG gene product; also known as DAHP synthase) for downstream analysis. Molecular docking was employed in PyRx (AutoDock Vina) to predict binding affinities between aroG inhibitors from the ZINC database and 3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase. Molecular dynamics simulations of 100 ns, using GROMACS, validated the stability of drug-target interactions. Additionally, ADMET profiling aided in the selection of compounds with favorable pharmacokinetic properties and safety profile for human hosts. PBPK profiling showed that ZINC98088375 had the highest bioavailability and efficient systemic circulation. Conversely, ZINC5113880 demonstrated the lowest absorption rate (39.661%). Moreover, cirrhosis, steatosis, and renal impairment appeared to influence blood concentration of the drug, impacting bioavailability. The integrative -omics approach utilized in this study underscores the potential of computer-aided drug design and offers a rational strategy for targeted inhibitor discovery against G. vaginalis. The strategy is an attempt to address the limitations of current BV treatments, including antibiotic resistance, and pave way for the development of safer and more effective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyue Fan
- Department of Research and Development, Shing Huei Group, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ, 85721, USA
| | | | - Karmen Mah
- Department of Research and Development, Shing Huei Group, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Calvin R Wei
- Department of Research and Development, Shing Huei Group, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Isaac SL, Abdul Malek AZ, Hazif NS, Roslan FS, Mohd Hashim A, Song AAL, Abdul Rahim R, Wan Nur Ismah WAK. Genome mining of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PA21: insights into its antimicrobial potential. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:571. [PMID: 38844835 PMCID: PMC11157852 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10451-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dramatic increase of antimicrobial resistance in the healthcare realm has become inexorably linked to the abuse of antibiotics over the years. Therefore, this study seeks to identify potential postbiotic metabolites derived from lactic acid bacteria such as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum that could exhibit antimicrobial properties against multi-drug resistant pathogens. RESULTS In the present work, the genome sequence of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PA21 consisting of three contigs was assembled to a size of 3,218,706 bp. Phylogenomic analysis and average nucleotide identity (ANI) revealed L. plantarum PA21 is closely related to genomes isolated from diverse niches such as dairy products, food, and animals. Genome mining through the BAGEL4 and antiSMASH database revealed four bacteriocins in a single cluster and four regions of biosynthetic gene clusters responsible for the production of bioactive compounds. The potential probiotic genes indirectly responsible for postbiotic metabolites production were also identified. Additionally, in vitro studies showed that the L. plantarum PA21 cell-free supernatant exhibited antimicrobial activity against all nine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and three out of 13 Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates tested. CONCLUSION Results in this study demonstrates that L. plantarum PA21 postbiotic metabolites is a prolific source of antimicrobials against multi-drug resistant pathogens with potential antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharleen Livina Isaac
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zuhairi Abdul Malek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Syafika Hazif
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Farah Syahrain Roslan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amalia Mohd Hashim
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Adelene Ai-Lian Song
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Raha Abdul Rahim
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia (NIBM), Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Ahmad Kamil Wan Nur Ismah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Deng Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Yang X, Zhang H, Xue X, Wan Y. Akkermansia muciniphila isolated from forest musk deer ameliorates diarrhea in mice via modification of gut microbiota. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38828754 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The forest musk deer, a rare fauna species found in China, is famous for its musk secretion which is used in selected Traditional Chinese medicines. However, over-hunting has led to musk deer becoming an endangered species, and their survival is also greatly challenged by various high incidence and high mortality respiratory and intestinal diseases such as septic pneumonia and enteritis. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that Akkermannia muciniphila (AKK) is a promising probiotic, and we wondered whether AKK could be used as a food additive in animal breeding programmes to help prevent intestinal diseases. METHODS We isolated one AKK strain from musk deer feces (AKK-D) using an improved enrichment medium combined with real-time PCR. After confirmation by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, a series of in vitro tests was conducted to evaluate the probiotic effects of AKK-D by assessing its reproductive capability, simulated gastrointestinal fluid tolerance, acid and bile salt resistance, self-aggregation ability, hydrophobicity, antibiotic sensitivity, hemolysis, harmful metabolite production, biofilm formation ability, and bacterial adhesion to gastrointestinal mucosa. RESULTS The AKK-D strain has a probiotic function similar to that of the standard strain in humans (AKK-H). An in vivo study found that AKK-D significantly ameliorated symptoms in the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced murine diarrhea model. AKK-D improved organ damage, inhibited inflammatory responses, and improved intestinal barrier permeability. Additionally, AKK-D promoted the reconstitution and maintenance of the homeostasis of gut microflora, as indicated by the fact that AKK-D-treated mice showed a decrease in Bacteroidetes and an increase in the proportion of other beneficial bacteria like Muribaculaceae, Muribaculum, and unclassified f_Lachnospiaceae compared with the diarrhea model mice. CONCLUSION Taken together, our data show that this novel AKK-D strain might be a potential probiotic for use in musk deer breeding, although further extensive systematic research is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Deng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Testing Technology of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Shaanxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Xi'an, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaochang Xue
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, Xi'an, China
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Lyu J, Gao M, Zhao S, Liu X, Zhao X, Zou Y, Zhong Y, Ge L, Zhang H, Huang L, Fan S, Xiao L, Zhang X. From whole genomes to probiotic candidates: A study of potential lactobacilli strains selection for vaginitis treatment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30495. [PMID: 38765070 PMCID: PMC11098787 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaginitis, characterized by pathogenic invasion and a deficiency in beneficial lactobacilli, has recognized lactobacilli supplementation as a novel therapeutic strategy. However, due to individual differences in vaginal microbiota, identifying universally effective Lactobacillus strains is challenging. Traditional methodologies for probiotic selection, which heavily depend on extensive in vitro experiments, are both time-intensive and laborious. The aim of this study was to pinpoint possible vaginal probiotic candidates based on whole-genome screening. We sequenced the genomes of 98 previously isolated Lactobacillus strains, annotating their genes involved in probiotic metabolite biosynthesis, adherence, acid/bile tolerance, and antibiotic resistance. A scoring system was used to assess the strains based on their genomic profiles. The highest-scoring strains underwent further in vitro evaluation. Consequently, two strains, Lactobacillus crispatus LG55-27 and Lactobacillus gasseri TM13-16, displayed an outstanding ability to produce d-lactate and adhere to human vaginal epithelial cells. They also showed higher antimicrobial activity against Gardnerella vaginalis, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to reference Lactobacillus strains. Their resilience to acid and bile environments highlights the potential for oral supplementation. Oral and vaginal administration of these two strains were tested in a bacterial vaginosis (BV) rat model at various doses. Results indicated that combined vaginal administration of these strains at 1 × 106 CFU/day significantly mitigated BV in rats. This research offers a probiotic dosage guideline for vaginitis therapy, underscoring an efficient screening process for probiotics using genome sequencing, in vitro testing, and in vivo BV model experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Lyu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Mengyu Gao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Shaowei Zhao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Xinyang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Xinlong Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Yiyi Zhong
- BGI Precision Nutrition (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Lan Ge
- BGI Precision Nutrition (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Hiafeng Zhang
- BGI Precision Nutrition (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Liting Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Shangrong Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
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Shi S, Ge M, Xiong Y, Zhang Y, Li W, Liu Z, Wang J, He E, Wang L, Zhou D. The novel probiotic preparation based on Lactobacillus spp. mixture on the intestinal bacterial community structure of Cherry Valley duck. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:194. [PMID: 38713319 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03859-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The development and utilization of probiotics have many environmental benefits when they are used to replace antibiotics in animal production. In this study, intestinal lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the intestines of Cherry Valley ducks. Probiotic lactic acid bacterial strains were screened for antibacterial activity and tolerance to produce a Lactobacillus spp. mixture. The effects of the compound on the growth performance and intestinal flora of Cherry Valley ducks were studied. Based on the results of the antibacterial activity and tolerance tests, the highly active strains Lactobacillus casei 1.2435, L. salivarius L621, and L. salivarius L4 from the intestines of Cherry Valley ducks were selected. The optimum ratio of L. casei 1.2435, L. salivarius L621, and L. salivarius L4 was 1:1:2, the amount of inoculum used was 1%, and the fermentation time was 14 h. In vivo experiments showed that compared with the control group, the relative abundances of intestinal Lactobacillus and Blautia were significantly increased in the experimental group fed the lactobacilli compound (P < 0.05); the relative abundances of Parabacteroides, [Ruminococcus]_torques_group, and Enterococcus were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and the growth and development of the dominant intestinal flora were promoted in the Cherry Valley ducks. This study will provide more opportunities for Cherry Valley ducks to choose microecological agents for green and healthy breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiqin Shi
- School of Life Sciences and Anhui Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Research and Ecological Protection in Southwest Anhui, Anqing Normal University, 1318 North Jixian Road, Anqing, 246133, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengrui Ge
- School of Life Sciences and Anhui Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Research and Ecological Protection in Southwest Anhui, Anqing Normal University, 1318 North Jixian Road, Anqing, 246133, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xiong
- School of Life Sciences and Anhui Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Research and Ecological Protection in Southwest Anhui, Anqing Normal University, 1318 North Jixian Road, Anqing, 246133, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Anhui Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Research and Ecological Protection in Southwest Anhui, Anqing Normal University, 1318 North Jixian Road, Anqing, 246133, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Li
- School of Life Sciences and Anhui Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Research and Ecological Protection in Southwest Anhui, Anqing Normal University, 1318 North Jixian Road, Anqing, 246133, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimuzi Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Anhui Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Research and Ecological Protection in Southwest Anhui, Anqing Normal University, 1318 North Jixian Road, Anqing, 246133, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfen Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Anhui Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Research and Ecological Protection in Southwest Anhui, Anqing Normal University, 1318 North Jixian Road, Anqing, 246133, People's Republic of China
| | - Enhui He
- School of Life Sciences and Anhui Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Research and Ecological Protection in Southwest Anhui, Anqing Normal University, 1318 North Jixian Road, Anqing, 246133, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Anhui Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Research and Ecological Protection in Southwest Anhui, Anqing Normal University, 1318 North Jixian Road, Anqing, 246133, People's Republic of China.
| | - Duoqi Zhou
- School of Life Sciences and Anhui Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Research and Ecological Protection in Southwest Anhui, Anqing Normal University, 1318 North Jixian Road, Anqing, 246133, People's Republic of China.
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Forouhandeh H, Soofiyani SR, Hosseini K, Beirami SM, Ahangari H, Moammer Y, Ebrahimzadeh S, Nejad MK, Farjami A, Khodaiefar F, Tarhriz V. Modulation of the Immune System Mechanisms using Probiotic Bacteria in Allergic Diseases: Focus on Allergic Retinitis and Food Allergies. RECENT ADVANCES IN INFLAMMATION & ALLERGY DRUG DISCOVERY 2024; 18:11-26. [PMID: 37842889 DOI: 10.2174/0127722708246899230928080651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Allergic illnesses occur when an organism's immune system is excessively responsive to certain antigens, such as those that are presented in the environment. Some people suffer from a wide range of immune system-related illnesses including allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergies, hay fever, and even anaphylaxis. Immunotherapy and medications are frequently used to treat allergic disorders. The use of probiotics in bacteriotherapy has lately gained interest. Probiotics are essential to human health by modulating the gut microbiota in some ways. Due to probiotics' immunomodulatory properties present in the gut microbiota of all animals, including humans, these bacterial strains can prevent a wide variety of allergic disorders. Probiotic treatment helps allergy patients by decreasing inflammatory cytokines and enhancing intestinal permeability, which is important in the battle against allergy. By altering the balance of Th1 and Th2 immune responses in the intestinal mucosa, probiotics can heal allergic disorders. Numerous studies have shown a correlation between probiotics and a reduced risk of allergy disorders. A wide range of allergic disorders, including atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergic retinitis and food allergies has been proven to benefit from probiotic bacteria. Therefore, the use of probiotics in the treatment of allergic diseases offers a promising perspective. Considering that probiotic intervention in the treatment of diseases is a relatively new field of study, more studies in this regard seem necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Forouhandeh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saiedeh Razi Soofiyani
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Sina Educational, Research and Treatment Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kamran Hosseini
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sohrab Minaei Beirami
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Ahangari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yusif Moammer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Ebrahimzadeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Kashef Nejad
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Sina Educational, Research and Treatment Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Farjami
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodaiefar
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahideh Tarhriz
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Li Q, Zhou X, Wu H. Preparation and reverse recycling logistics of a new type of nano-filled antibacterial layer packaging film for dairy products. Front Chem 2023; 11:1302198. [PMID: 38156023 PMCID: PMC10754504 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1302198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dairy products are loved by people because of their high nutritional value, but they have also become the most ideal breeding places for microorganisms. Some dairy packaging has the problem of lax sealing, resulting in products susceptible to contamination and deterioration. The harmful microorganisms and bacteria contained in them will pose a serious threat to people's health. Therefore, a good antibacterial protection is very important for dairy products. The purpose of this paper is to study the preparation and reverse recycling logistics of a new type of nano-filled antibacterial layer packaging film for dairy products. Methods: A new type of nano-filled antibacterial layer packaging film is prepared by extrusion casting method, and its mechanical properties and antibacterial properties are analyzed. Results: The experimental results in this article show that the prepared new nano-filled antibacterial layer packaging film has lower light transmittance and water vapor transmission rate, and has obvious antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and has good barrier properties. Discussion: The antibacterial rate of the bacteria in the petri dish is as high as 99.97% after being placed for 120 days, and the antibacterial performance can be enhanced by the ratio of glycerol and starch content, and the new nano-filled antibacterial film prepared is degradable Sex, can be better recycled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Li
- Department of Art, Nanchong Vocational and Technical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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Effect of different drying methods on the functional properties of probiotics encapsulated using prebiotic substances. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1575-1588. [PMID: 36729228 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12398-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics and prebiotics together work synergistically as synbiotics and confer various health benefits. Many studies on synbiotic foods only focus on the survival of probiotics but fail to evaluate their functional properties. The impact on functional properties should be explored to better understand its therapeutic efficacy. In this work, probiotics (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum NCIM 2083) were encapsulated with prebiotics (fructooligosaccharide + whey protein + maltodextrin) using spray-drying (SD), freeze-drying (FD), spray-freeze-drying (SFD), and refractance window-drying (RWD) techniques. Aggregation, intestinal adhesion, antagonistic activity, and bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity of probiotics were studied before and after the encapsulation process. The SFD probiotics showed better aggregation ability (79% at 24-h incubation), on par with free cells (FC) (81% at 24-h incubation). The co-aggregation ability of encapsulated probiotics has drastic variations with each pathogenic strain. The adhesion ability of probiotics in chicken intestinal mucus was assessed by the crystal violet method, indicating no significant variations between FC and SFD probiotics. Also, encapsulated probiotics exhibit antagonistic activity (zone of inhibition in mm) against gut pathogens E. coli (11.33 to 17.34), S. faecalis (8.83 to 15.32), L. monocytogenes (13.67 to 18), S. boydii (12.17 to 15.5), and S. typhi (2.17 to 6.86). Overall, these studies confirm the significance and impact of various drying techniques on the functionality of encapsulated probiotics in synbiotic powders. KEY POINTS: • Understanding the relevance of processing effects on the functionality of probiotics. • Spray-freeze-dried probiotics showed superior functional properties. • The encapsulation process had no significant impact on bile salt hydrolase activity.
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Yang MF, Yan W, Li Y, Li SQ, Chen HY, Yin QQ, Dang XW, Zhang HY. The Probiotic Attributes and Anti-pseudorabies Virus Evaluation of Lactobacillus Isolates. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:902052. [PMID: 35795786 PMCID: PMC9252522 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.902052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of pseudorabies virus (PRV) variants brings serious harm to the swine industry, and its effective treatments are limited at present. As one of the probiotics, the Lactobacillus species have beneficial characteristics of regulating the balance of intestinal flora, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria and viruses' proliferation, and improving self-immunity. In this study, Lactobacillus plantarum HN-11 and Lactobacillus casei HN-12 were selected and identified through morphology observation, Gram stain microscopy, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis, and specific amplification of the recA gene and pheS gene. All tested isolates exhibited rapid adaptation to the different conditions, excellent acid, and bile tolerance, and sensitivity to Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. The antibiotic susceptibility assay displayed the isolates sensitive to most antibiotics and resistant to Lincomycin and Norfloxacin. Moreover, the supernatants of HN-11 and HN-12 inhibited PRV proliferation in ST cells. The results of animal experiments showed that supplementing the challenged mice with the supernatants of Lactobacillus isolates in advance delayed the course of the disease. PRV was detected in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and brain tissues of dead mice in the test groups, and its copies in the lungs were significantly decreased compared with the control mice (P < 0.05). These findings proved the advantages of L. plantarum and L. casei as potential probiotic cultures, which could provide a basis for its application in microecological preparations and functional formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fan Yang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Pig Disease Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Pig Disease Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Pig Disease Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai-Qi Li
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Pig Disease Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Ying Chen
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Pig Disease Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qing-Qiang Yin
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Pig Disease Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Dang
- Henan Delin Biological Products Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Ying Zhang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Pig Disease Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hong-Ying Zhang
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Kaewchomphunuch T, Charoenpichitnunt T, Thongbaiyai V, Ngamwongsatit N, Kaeoket K. Cell-free culture supernatants of Lactobacillus spp. and Pediococcus spp. inhibit growth of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from pigs in Thailand. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:60. [PMID: 35093088 PMCID: PMC8800250 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03140-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) is an important causative agent for infectious diseases in pigs and causes significant economic loss. The global concern of antimicrobial resistance of bacteria raises awareness of the alternative ways of using antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The study was aimed to identify and test the efficacy of AMPs from Lactobacillus spp. against the growth of pathogenic E. coli isolated from pigs in Thailand. Briefly, cell-free culture supernatants (CFCS) from 3 strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) consisting of Lactobacillus acidophilus (strain KMP), Lactobacillus plantarum (strain KMP), and Pediococcus pentosaceus (strain KMP) were tested against pathogenic E. coli via agar well diffusion assay in quadruplicates. The presence of a zone of inhibition (ZOI) around wells was evaluated at different incubation time. Acid and bile tolerance test was performed for bacterial viability in acid and bile salt conditions. In addition, LAB cross-streaking assay was evaluated for antagonist activity. RESULTS The study showed that CFCS from L. acidophilus KMP, L. plantarum KMP, and P. pentosaceus KMP could inhibit the growth of pathogenic E. coli isolated from pigs in a time-dependent manner. To exemplify, the ZOI of L. plantarum KMP against E. coli (ETEC) at 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 h incubation, were 26.6 ± 1.1, 24.9 ± 1.9, 22.5 ± 2.4, 20.3 ± 2.9, and 17.9 ± 3.3 mm, respectively. The ZOI was significantly different between 8, 10, 12, 14 h incubation, and the ZOI of the CFCS from L. plantarum KMP was larger than others (P-value < 0.05). Furthermore, L. acidophilus KMP, L. plantarum KMP, and P. pentosaceus KMP showed viability in pH 3.0, 0.3, and 0.5% (w/v) bile salt concentration. They exhibited no antagonist activity among each other. CONCLUSIONS According to the results, the CFCS from LAB including L. acidophilus KMP, L. plantarum KMP and P. pentosaceus KMP can inhibit the growth of pathogenic E. coli, isolated from pigs in Thailand. The antimicrobial activity observed was incubation time dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thotsapol Kaewchomphunuch
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170 Thailand
| | - Thunyathorn Charoenpichitnunt
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170 Thailand
| | - Varissara Thongbaiyai
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170 Thailand
| | - Natharin Ngamwongsatit
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170 Thailand
| | - Kampon Kaeoket
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170 Thailand
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11
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Dubey AK, Podia M, Priyanka, Raut S, Singh S, Pinnaka AK, Khatri N. Insight Into the Beneficial Role of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Supernatant Against Bacterial Infections, Oxidative Stress, and Wound Healing in A549 Cells and BALB/c Mice. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:728614. [PMID: 34803678 PMCID: PMC8600115 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.728614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MTCC 2621 is a well-characterized probiotic strain and is reported to possess many health benefits. However, the wound healing potential of this probiotic is yet to be explored. Here, we have assessed the antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound healing activities of cell-free supernatant of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MTCC 2621 (Lp2621). Lp2621 exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against the indicator bacteria in the agar well diffusion assay. Lp2621 did not show any hemolytic activity. The safety of Lp2621 gel was established using the skin irritation assay in BALB/c mice, and no dermal reactions were observed. The supernatant showed 60–100% protection of A549 cells against H2O2-induced stress. In the scratch assay, Lp2621 accelerated wound healing after 24 h of treatment. The percent wound healing was significantly higher in cells treated with Lp2621 at 18–24 h posttreatment. In an excision wound healing in mice, topical application of Lp2621 gel showed faster healing than the vehicle- and betadine-treated groups. Similar wound healing activity was observed in wounds infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Histological examination revealed better wound healing in Lp2621-treated mice. Topical treatment of the wounds with Lp2621 gel resulted in the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in the early phase of wound healing and enhanced IL-10 expression in the later phase. These findings unveil a protective role of Lp2621 against bacterial infection, oxidative stress, and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar Dubey
- IMTECH Centre for Animal Resources and Experimentation (iCARE), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mansi Podia
- IMTECH Centre for Animal Resources and Experimentation (iCARE), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Priyanka
- IMTECH Centre for Animal Resources and Experimentation (iCARE), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sachin Raut
- IMTECH Centre for Animal Resources and Experimentation (iCARE), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sanpreet Singh
- Immunology Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Anil Kumar Pinnaka
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.,MTCC-Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Neeraj Khatri
- IMTECH Centre for Animal Resources and Experimentation (iCARE), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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12
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Bioprospecting Antimicrobials from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum: Key Factors Underlying Its Probiotic Action. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112076. [PMID: 34769500 PMCID: PMC8585029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) is a well-studied and versatile species of lactobacilli. It is found in several niches, including human mucosal surfaces, and it is largely employed in the food industry and boasts a millenary tradition of safe use, sharing a long-lasting relationship with humans. L. plantarum is generally recognised as safe and exhibits a strong probiotic character, so that several strains are commercialised as health-promoting supplements and functional food products. For these reasons, L. plantarum represents a valuable model to gain insight into the nature and mechanisms of antimicrobials as key factors underlying the probiotic action of health-promoting microbes. Probiotic antimicrobials can inhibit the growth of pathogens in the gut ensuring the intestinal homeostasis and contributing to the host health. Furthermore, they may be attractive alternatives to conventional antibiotics, holding potential in several biomedical applications. The aim of this review is to investigate the most relevant papers published in the last ten years, bioprospecting the antimicrobial activity of characterised probiotic L. plantarum strains. Specifically, it focuses on the different chemical nature, the action spectra and the mechanisms underlying the bioactivity of their antibacterial and antiviral agents. Emerging trends in postbiotics, some in vivo applications of L. plantarum antimicrobials, including strengths and limitations of their therapeutic potential, are addressed and discussed.
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13
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Gardnerella vaginalis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Are Effectively Inhibited by Lactobacilli with Probiotic Properties Isolated from Brazilian Cupuaçu ( Theobroma grandiflorum) Fruit. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6626249. [PMID: 33997030 PMCID: PMC8102102 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6626249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, certain Lactobacillus sp. have emerged in health care as an alternative therapy for various diseases. Based on this, this study is aimed at evaluating in vitro the potential probiotics of five lactobacilli strains isolated from pulp of cupuaçu fruit fermentation against Gardnerella vaginalis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Our lactobacilli strains were classified as safe for use in humans, and they were tolerant to heat and pH. Our strains were biofilm producers, while hydrophobicity and autoaggregation varied from 13% to 86% and 13% to 25%, respectively. The coaggregation of lactobacilli used in this study with G. vaginalis and N. gonorrhoeae ranged from 15% to 36% and 32% to 52%, respectively. Antimicrobial activity was present in all tested Lactobacillus strains against both pathogens, and the growth of pathogens in coculture was reduced by the presence of our lactobacilli. Also, all tested lactobacilli reduced the pH of the culture, even in incubation with pathogens after 24 hours. The cell-free culture supernatants (CFCS) of all five lactobacilli demonstrated activity against the two pathogens with a halo presence and CFCS characterization assay together with gas chromatography revealed that lactic acid was the most abundant organic acid in the samples (50% to 62%). Our results demonstrated that the organic acid production profile is strain-specific. This study revealed that cupuaçu is a promising source of microorganisms with probiotic properties against genital pathogens. We demonstrated by in vitro tests that our Lactobacillus strains have probiotic properties. However, the absence of in vivo tests is a limitation of our work due to the need to evaluate the interaction of our lactobacilli with pathogens in the vaginal mucosa. We believe that these findings may be useful in developing a product containing our lactobacilli and their supernatants in order to support with vaginal health.
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14
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Qian Z, Zhu H, Zhao D, Yang P, Gao F, Lu C, Yin Y, Kan S, Chen D. Probiotic Lactobacillus sp. Strains Inhibit Growth, Adhesion, Biofilm Formation, and Gene Expression of Bacterial Vaginosis-Inducing Gardnerella vaginalis. Microorganisms 2021; 9:728. [PMID: 33807455 PMCID: PMC8065998 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gardnerella vaginalis contributes significantly to bacterial vaginosis, which causes an ecological imbalance in vaginal microbiota and presents with the depletion of Lactobacillus sp. Lactobacillus supplementation was reported to be an approach to treat bacterial vaginosis. We investigated the applicability of three Lactobacillus sp. strains (Lactobacillus delbrueckii DM8909, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC14917, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZX27) based on their probiotic abilities in vitro. The three candidate Lactobacillus sp. strains for bacterial vaginosis therapy showed distinct properties in auto-aggregation ability, hydrophobicity, adhesion to cervical epithelial cells, and survivability in 0.01% hydrogen peroxide. Lpb. plantarum ZX27 showed a higher yield in producing short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid among the three candidate strains, and all three Lactobacillus sp. strains inhibited the growth and adhesion of G. vaginalis. Furthermore, we discovered that the culture supernatant of Lactobacillus sp. exhibited anti-biofilm activity against G. vaginalis. In particular, the Lpb. plantarum ZX27 supernatant treatment decreased the expression of genes related to virulence factors, adhesion, biofilm formation, metabolism, and antimicrobial resistance in biofilm-forming cells and suspended cells. Moreover, Lactobacillus sp. decreased the upregulated expression of interleukin-8 in HeLa cells induced by G. vaginalis or hydrogen peroxide. These results demonstrate the efficacy of Lactobacillus sp. application for treating bacterial vaginosis by limiting the growth, adhesion, biofilm formation, and virulence properties of G. vaginalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Qian
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Z.Q.); (H.Z.); (D.Z.); (P.Y.); (F.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.)
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Z.Q.); (H.Z.); (D.Z.); (P.Y.); (F.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.)
| | - Dan Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Z.Q.); (H.Z.); (D.Z.); (P.Y.); (F.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.)
| | - Ping Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Z.Q.); (H.Z.); (D.Z.); (P.Y.); (F.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.)
| | - Fei Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Z.Q.); (H.Z.); (D.Z.); (P.Y.); (F.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.)
| | - Chunyi Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Z.Q.); (H.Z.); (D.Z.); (P.Y.); (F.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.)
| | - Yu Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Z.Q.); (H.Z.); (D.Z.); (P.Y.); (F.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.)
| | - Shidong Kan
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Z.Q.); (H.Z.); (D.Z.); (P.Y.); (F.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.)
| | - Daijie Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Z.Q.); (H.Z.); (D.Z.); (P.Y.); (F.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.)
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
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15
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Stivala A, Carota G, Fuochi V, Furneri PM. Lactobacillus rhamnosus AD3 as a Promising Alternative for Probiotic Products. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010094. [PMID: 33450875 PMCID: PMC7828318 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus strains dominate the vaginal habitat and they are associated with a lower risk of genital infections. In addition, they contribute to the conservation of the vaginal microbiota by producing postbiotic agents. Previous studies have shown that their predominance involves antimicrobial activity against urogenital pathologies. In this context, probiotics may improve treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the probiotic properties of lactobacilli strains of vaginal origin using a multidisciplinary approach. For this purpose, safety criteria, ability to resist at low pH and bile salts, antimicrobial activity, ability to produce biofilm, capacity to produce hydrogen peroxide and more importantly, auto-aggregation, co-aggregation (with Candida spp.) and adhesion to human cells were evaluated. The strains belonged to the species of L. crispatus, L. gasseri, L. rhamnosus and L. delbruckii. Among these, a strain of L. rhamnosus named AD3 showed the best probiotic properties. As probiotics are already in use in many clinical practice and there are no major safety concerns, L. rhamnosus AD3 showed promise in becoming a prevention and complementary treatment option for urogenital diseases. Indeed, these results suggest that strain L. rhamnosus AD3 is non-pathogenic and likely to be safe for human consumption. This study revealed the great amensalistic properties of a new L. rhamnosus strain which can aim to be used as probiotic in pharmaceutical applications.
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16
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Zhang X, Li X, Wang W, Qi J, Wang D, Xu L, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Guo K. Diverse Gene Cassette Arrays Prevail in Commensal Escherichia coli From Intensive Farming Swine in Four Provinces of China. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:565349. [PMID: 33154738 PMCID: PMC7591504 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.565349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple-drug resistance bacteria containing antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) are a concern for public health. Integrons are bacterial genetic elements that can capture, rearrange, and express mobile gene cassettes responsible for the spread of ARGs. Few studies link genotype and phenotype of swine-related ARGs in the context of mobile gene cassette arrays among commensal Escherichia coli (E. coli) in nonclinical livestock isolates from intensive farms. In the present study, a total of 264 isolates were obtained from 330 rectal swabs to determine the prevalence and characteristics of antibiotic-resistant gene being carried by commensal E. coli in the healthy swine from four intensive farms at Anhui, Hebei, Shanxi, and Shaanxi, in China. Antimicrobial resistance phenotypes of the recovered isolates were determined for 19 antimicrobials. The E. coli isolates were commonly nonsusceptible to doxycycline (75.8%), tetracycline (73.5%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (71.6%), amoxicillin (68.2%), sulfasalazine (67.1%), ampicillin (58.0%), florfenicol (56.1%), and streptomycin (53.0%), but all isolates were susceptible to imipenem (100%). Isolates [184 (69.7%)] exhibited multiple drug resistance with 11 patterns. Moreover, 197 isolates (74.6%) were detected carrying the integron-integrase gene (intI1) of class 1 integrons. A higher incidence of antimicrobial resistance was observed in the intI1-positive E. coli isolates than in the intI1-negative E. coli isolates. Furthermore, there were 17 kinds of gene cassette arrays in the 70 integrons as detected by sequencing amplicons of variable regions, with 66 isolates (94.3%) expressing their gene cassettes encoding for multiple drug resistance phenotypes for streptomycin, neomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, amikacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, sulfasalazine, and florfenicol. Notably, due to harboring multiple, hybrid, and recombination cassettes, complex cassette arrays were attributed to multiple drug resistance patterns than simple arrays. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the prevalence of multiple drug resistance and the incidence of class 1 integrons were 69.7 and 74.6% in commensal E. coli isolated from healthy swine, which were lower in frequency than that previously reported in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Weinan Vocational and Technical College, Weinan, China
| | - Jiali Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Kangkang Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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