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Shimomura-Kuroki J, Tsuneki M, Ida-Yonemochi H, Seino Y, Yamamoto K, Hirao Y, Yamamoto T, Ohshima H. Establishing protein expression profiles involved in tooth development using a proteomic approach. Odontology 2023; 111:839-853. [PMID: 36792749 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Various growth and transcription factors are involved in tooth development and developmental abnormalities; however, the protein dynamics do not always match the mRNA expression level. Using a proteomic approach, this study comprehensively analyzed protein expression in epithelial and mesenchymal tissues of the tooth germ during development. First molar tooth germs from embryonic day 14 and 16 Crlj:CD1 (ICR) mouse embryos were collected and separated into epithelial and mesenchymal tissues by laser microdissection. Mass spectrometry of the resulting proteins was carried out, and three types of highly expressed proteins [ATP synthase subunit beta (ATP5B), receptor of activated protein C kinase 1 (RACK1), and calreticulin (CALR)] were selected for immunohistochemical analysis. The expression profiles of these proteins were subsequently evaluated during all stages of amelogenesis using the continuously growing incisors of 3-week-old male ICR mice. Interestingly, these three proteins were specifically expressed depending on the stage of amelogenesis. RACK1 was highly expressed in dental epithelial and mesenchymal tissues during the proliferation and differentiation stages of odontogenesis, except for the pigmentation stage, whereas ATP5B and CALR immunoreactivity was weak in the enamel organ during the early stages, but became intense during the maturation and pigmentation stages, although the timing of the increased protein expression was different between the two. Overall, RACK1 plays an important role in maintaining the cell proliferation and differentiation in the apical end of incisors. In contrast, ATP5B and CALR are involved in the transport of minerals and the removal of organic materials as well as matrix deposition for CALR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Shimomura-Kuroki
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamauracho, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8580, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Tsuneki
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamauracho, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8580, Japan
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
- Medmain Research, Medmain Inc., 2-4-5-104, Akasaka, Chuo-Ku, Fukuoka, 810-0042, Japan
| | - Hiroko Ida-Yonemochi
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Yuta Seino
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamamoto
- Biofluid Biomarker Center, Institute for Research Collaboration and Promotion, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Yoshitoshi Hirao
- Biofluid Biomarker Center, Institute for Research Collaboration and Promotion, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yamamoto
- Biofluid Biomarker Center, Institute for Research Collaboration and Promotion, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Hayato Ohshima
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
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Du Y, Zhao F, Tao R, Liu B. Effect of forceful suction and air disinfection machines on aerosol removal. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:652. [PMID: 37684672 PMCID: PMC10492290 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03369-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Dental procedures involving drilling and grinding can produce a significant amount of suspended aerosol particles (PM) and bioaerosols. This study aims to analyze the size and concentration of aerosol particles generated during drilling and to investigate the effectiveness of two air exchange systems, namely forceful suction (FS) and air disinfection machines (DM), in removing PM. METHODS For this study, 100 extracted permanent teeth were collected and divided into three groups: without suction (n = 50), suction with forceful suction (n = 25), and suction with air disinfection machines (n = 25). The removal rate of suspended aerosol particles was analyzed using particle counters and air data multimeter. RESULTS When drilling and grinding were performed without vacuum, 0.75% of the aerosol particles generated were PM2.5-10, 78.25% of total suspended aerosol particles (TSP) were PM2.5, and 98.68% of TSP were PM1. The nanoanalyzer measurements revealed that the aerodynamic diameter of most aerosol particles was below 60 nm, with an average particle diameter of 52.61 nm and an average concentration of 2.6*1011 ultrafine aerosol particles. The air change per hour (ACH) was significantly lower in the air disinfection machines group compared to the forceful suction group. Additionally, the number of aerosol particles and mass concentration was significantly lower in the air disinfection machines group compared to the forceful suction group in terms of PM2.5 levels. However, the forceful suction group also reduced the mass concentration in PM10 level than the air disinfection machines group. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the air exchange system can reduce the aerosol particles generated during drilling and grinding. Comparing the two air exchange systems, it was found that the air disinfection machines group reduces the number of aerosol particles and mass concentration in PM2.5 levels, while the forceful suction group reduces the mass concentration in PM10 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Du
- Department of hospital allergy, Medical department, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Department of Periodontal I, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Ran Tao
- Medical department, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Periodontal I, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China.
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Lampiasi N. The Migration and the Fate of Dental Pulp Stem Cells. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050742. [PMID: 37237554 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from dental pulp and derived from the neural crest. They can differentiate into odontoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes and nerve cells, and they play a role in tissue repair and regeneration. In fact, DPSCs, depending on the microenvironmental signals, can differentiate into odontoblasts and regenerate dentin or, when transplanted, replace/repair damaged neurons. Cell homing depends on recruitment and migration, and it is more effective and safer than cell transplantation. However, the main limitations of cell homing are the poor cell migration of MSCs and the limited information we have on the regulatory mechanism of the direct differentiation of MSCs. Different isolation methods used to recover DPSCs can yield different cell types. To date, most studies on DPSCs use the enzymatic isolation method, which prevents direct observation of cell migration. Instead, the explant method allows for the observation of single cells that can migrate at two different times and, therefore, could have different fates, for example, differentiation and self-renewal. DPSCs use mesenchymal and amoeboid migration modes with the formation of lamellipodia, filopodia and blebs, depending on the biochemical and biophysical signals of the microenvironment. Here, we present current knowledge on the possible intriguing role of cell migration, with particular attention to microenvironmental cues and mechanosensing properties, in the fate of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Lampiasi
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
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Iranmanesh P, Vedaei A, Salehi-Mazandarani S, Nikpour P, Khazaei S, Khademi A, Galler KM, Nekoofar MH, Dummer PMH. MicroRNAs-mediated regulation of the differentiation of dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review and bioinformatic analysis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:76. [PMID: 37038220 PMCID: PMC10088330 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03289-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hDP-MSCs), which include human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), are promising cell sources for regenerative therapies. Nevertheless, a lack of knowledge relating to the mechanisms regulating their differentiation has limited their clinical application. microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulatory molecules in cellular processes including cell differentiation. This systematic review aims to provide a panel of miRNAs that regulate the differentiation of hDP-MSCs including hDPSCs and SHEDs. Additionally, bioinformatic analyses were conducted to discover target genes, signaling pathways and gene ontologies associated with the identified miRNAs. METHODS A literature search was performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Library. Experimental studies assessing the promotive/suppressive effect of miRNAs on the differentiation of hDP-MSCs and studies evaluating changes to the expression of miRNAs during the differentiation of hDP-MSCs were included. miRNAs involved in odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation were then included in a bioinformatic analysis. A miRNA-mRNA network was constructed, and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was also constructed. RESULTS Of 766 initially identified records through database searching, 42 and 36 studies were included in qualitative synthesis and bioinformatic analyses, respectively. Thirteen miRNAs promoted and 17 suppressed odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDP-MSCs. hsa-miR-140-5p, hsa-miR-218 and hsa-miR-143 were more frequently reported suppressing the odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDP-MSCs. hsa-miR-221 and hsa-miR-124 promoted and hsa-miR-140-5p inhibited neuronal differentiation, hsa-miR-26a-5p promoted and hsa-miR-424 suppressed angiogenic differentiation, and hsa-miR-135 and hsa-miR-143 inhibited differentiation within myogenic lineages. A miRNA-mRNA network including 1890 nodes and 2171 edges was constructed. KEGG pathway analysis revealed MAPK, PI3K-Akt and FoxO as key signaling pathways involved in the odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDP-MSCs. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this systematic review support the potential application of the specific miRNAs to regulate the directed differentiation of hDP-MSCs in the field of regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Iranmanesh
- Dental Research Center, Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Vedaei
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sadra Salehi-Mazandarani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Nikpour
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saber Khazaei
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Abbasali Khademi
- Dental Research Center, Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Kerstin M Galler
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Nekoofar
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Endodontics, Bahçeşehir University School of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Paul M H Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Hamza M, Alhujaily M, Alosaimi B, El Bakkouri K, AlDughaim MS, Alonazi M, Alanazi MA, Abbass B, Alshehri A, Al-Shouli ST, Alturaiki W, Awadalla M. Association between inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, clinical laboratory parameters, disease severity and in-hospital mortality in critical and mild COVID-19 patients without comorbidities or immune-mediated diseases. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2023; 44:13-30. [PMID: 35915975 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2022.2104124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
There are limited data on inflammatory cytokines and chemokines; the humoral immune response; and main clinical laboratory parameters as indicators for disease severity and mortality in patients with critical and mild COVID-19 without comorbidities or immune-mediated diseases in Saudi Arabia. We determined the expression levels of major proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines; C-reactive protein (CRP); procalcitonin; SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody and twenty-two clinical laboratory parameters and assessed their usefulness as indicators of disease severity and in-hospital death. Our results showed a significant increase in the expression levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody; IL1-β; IL-6; IL-8; TNF-α and CRP in critical COVID-19 patients; neutrophil count; urea; creatinine and troponin were also increased. The elevation of these biomarkers was significantly associated and positively correlated with in-hospital death in critical COVID-19 patients. Our results suggest that the levels of IL1-β; IL-6; IL-8; TNF-α; and CRP; neutrophil count; urea; creatinine; and troponin could be used to predict disease severity in COVID-19 patients without comorbidities or immune-mediated diseases. These inflammatory mediators could be used as predictive early biomarkers of COVID-19 disease deterioration; shock and death among COVID-19 patients without comorbidities or immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muaawia Hamza
- Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhanad Alhujaily
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, College of Applied Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Alosaimi
- Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karim El Bakkouri
- Department Project Manage; Microbiology Department, Laboratoire national de santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | | | - Mona Alonazi
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Awad Alanazi
- Second Health Cluster, Ministry of Healt, Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basma Abbass
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulsalam Alshehri
- Second Health Cluster, Ministry of Healt, Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia T Al-Shouli
- Immunology Unit, Pathology department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael Alturaiki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
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Orlova E, Dudding T, Chernus JM, Alotaibi RN, Haworth S, Crout RJ, Lee MK, Mukhopadhyay N, Feingold E, Levy SM, McNeil DW, Foxman B, Weyant RJ, Timpson NJ, Marazita ML, Shaffer JR. Association of Early Childhood Caries with Bitter Taste Receptors: A Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies and Transcriptome-Wide Association Study. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:59. [PMID: 36672800 PMCID: PMC9858612 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although genetics affects early childhood caries (ECC) risk, few studies have focused on finding its specific genetic determinants. Here, we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in five cohorts of children (aged up to 5 years, total N = 2974, cohorts: Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia cohorts one and two [COHRA1, COHRA2], Iowa Fluoride Study, Iowa Head Start, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children [ALSPAC]) aiming to identify genes with potential roles in ECC biology. We meta-analyzed the GWASs testing ~3.9 million genetic variants and found suggestive evidence for association at genetic regions previously associated with caries in primary and permanent dentition, including the β-defensin anti-microbial proteins. We then integrated the meta-analysis results with gene expression data in a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS). This approach identified four genes whose genetically predicted expression was associated with ECC (p-values < 3.09 × 10−6; CDH17, TAS2R43, SMIM10L1, TAS2R14). Some of the strongest associations were with genes encoding members of the bitter taste receptor family (TAS2R); other members of this family have previously been associated with caries. Of note, we identified the receptor encoded by TAS2R14, which stimulates innate immunity and anti-microbial defense in response to molecules released by the cariogenic bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus. These findings provide insight into ECC genetic architecture, underscore the importance of host-microbial interaction in caries risk, and identify novel risk genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Orlova
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Tom Dudding
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Jonathan M. Chernus
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Rasha N. Alotaibi
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simon Haworth
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Richard J. Crout
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Myoung Keun Lee
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Nandita Mukhopadhyay
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Steven M. Levy
- Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Daniel W. McNeil
- Department of Psychology & Department of Dental Public Health and Professional Practice, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Betsy Foxman
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Robert J. Weyant
- Dental Public Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Timpson
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
- Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - John R. Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Phenytoin Is Promoting the Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells into the Direction of Odontogenesis/Osteogenesis by Activating BMP4/Smad Pathway. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:7286645. [PMID: 35493301 PMCID: PMC9050280 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7286645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was the evaluation of the potential and mechanism of phenytoin to promote differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC) into odontoblasts/osteoblasts. Methods Fourth-generation human hDPSC originating from healthy pulp of third molars was cultured in control as well as phenytoin-containing media (PHT) for 14 days. qPCR was applied to detect the expression of DSPP, DMP1, and ALP genes. Western blot analysis was used to confirm the findings. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Information about phenytoin was assessed from PubChem database, while targets of phenytoin were assessed from six databases. Drug targets were extracted based on the differentially expressed genes (‖logFC‖ ≥ 1, p < 0.05) in the experimental group (50 mg/L PHT, 14 days). GO BP and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis on the obtained drug targets was performed and the target protein functional network diagram was constructed. Results A concentration below 200 mg/L PHT had no obvious toxicity to hDPSC. The expression of DSPP, DMP1, and ALP genes in the 50 mg/L PHT concentration group increased significantly. The WB experiment showed that the protein content of BMP4, Smad1/5/9, and p-Smad1/5 was significantly increased in 50 mg/L PHT in comparison with the NC group (the group without treatment of PHT) at 14 days. Conclusion Phenytoin has the ability of promoting the differentiation of hDPSC into odontoblasts and osteoblasts. BMP4/Smad pathway, inducing odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDPSC, appears a main process in this context.
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Fonticoli L, Della Rocca Y, Rajan TS, Murmura G, Trubiani O, Oliva S, Pizzicannella J, Marconi GD, Diomede F. A Narrative Review: Gingival Stem Cells as a Limitless Reservoir for Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084135. [PMID: 35456951 PMCID: PMC9024914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gingival tissue can be collected in an easy way and represent an accessible source to isolate gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). GMSCs are a subpopulation of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells that show the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) features, such as differentiation abilities and immunomodulatory properties. Dental-derived stem cells are also expandable in vitro with genomic stability and the possibility to maintain the stemness properties over a prolonged period of passages. Moreover, several preclinical studies have documented that the extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from GMSCs possess similar biological functions and therapeutic effects. The EVs may represent a promising tool in the cell-free regenerative therapy approach. The present review paper summarized the GMSCs, their multi-lineage differentiation capacities, immunomodulatory features, and the potential use in the treatment of several diseases in order to stimulate tissue regeneration. GMSCs should be considered a good stem cell source for potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigia Fonticoli
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ylenia Della Rocca
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Murmura
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Oliva
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Guya Diletta Marconi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Nabavizadeh SS, Talaei-Khozani T, Zarei M, Zare S, Hosseinabadi OK, Tanideh N, Daneshi S. Attenuation of osteoarthritis progression through intra-articular injection of a combination of synovial membrane-derived MSCs (SMMSCs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and conditioned medium (secretome). J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:102. [PMID: 35177103 PMCID: PMC8851803 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02851-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Osteoarthritis (OA) as a progressive destructive disease of articular cartilage is the most common joint disease characterized by reduction of joint cartilage thickness, demolition of cartilage surface and new bone formation. To overcome these problems, the purpose of the current research was to evaluate and compare the in vivo effects of synovial membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cell (SMMSCs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and conditioned medium (secretome) on collagenase II-induced rat knee osteoarthritis (KOA) remedy. METHODS For the first step, SMMSCs were isolated and characterized. Also, secretome was collected from SMMSCs culture. Furthermore, PRP was collect from the rat heart venous blood. Second, two injection of collagenase II with an interval of 3 days was performed in the knee intra-articular space to induce osteoarthritis. Two weeks later, animals were randomly divided into 6 groups. Control group without treatment, positive group: taken an intra-articular sodium hyaluronate injection (0.1 ml), treatment groups taken an intra-articular injection of; treatment 1: SMMSCs (5 × 106), treatment 2: SMMSCs (5 × 106)/secretome (50 µl), treatment 3: SMMSCs (5 × 106)/PRP (50 µl), and treatment 4: SMMSCs (5 × 106)/ secretome (50 µl)/ PRP (50 µl). Three months later, rats were killed and the following assessments were executed: radiography, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Our findings represented that a combination of the SMMSCs/secretome/PRP had a considerable effect on glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen II contents, articular cartilage preservation, compared with other groups. In addition, combination of the SMMSCs with PRP and secretome showed the lowest expression of mmp3, while SOX9 had the highest expression in comparison with other groups. Also, SMMSCs-injected groups demonstrated better results compared with positive and control groups. CONCLUSIONS Injecting a combination of the SMMSCs/secretome/PRP resulted in better efficacy in terms of joint space width, articular cartilage surface continuity and integrity, sub-chondral bone and ECM constituents such as collagen II. Indeed, transplantation of this combination could be considered as a preliminary therapy for clinical trial study in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tahereh Talaei-Khozani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moein Zarei
- Department of Polymer and Biomaterials Science, Western Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Al. Piastow 45, 71-311, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Shahrokh Zare
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. .,Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sajad Daneshi
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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10
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Elevated Expression Levels of Lung Complement Anaphylatoxin, Neutrophil Chemoattractant Chemokine IL-8, and RANTES in MERS-CoV-Infected Patients: Predictive Biomarkers for Disease Severity and Mortality. J Clin Immunol 2021; 41:1607-1620. [PMID: 34232441 PMCID: PMC8260346 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01061-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The complement system, a network of highly-regulated proteins, represents a vital part of the innate immune response. Over-activation of the complement system plays an important role in inflammation, tissue damage, and infectious disease severity. The prevalence of MERS-CoV in Saudi Arabia remains significant and cases are still being reported. The role of complement in Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) pathogenesis and complement-modulating treatment strategies has received limited attention, and studies involving MERS-CoV-infected patients have not been reported. This study offers the first insight into the pulmonary expression profile including seven complement proteins, complement regulatory factors, IL-8, and RANTES in MERS-CoV infected patients without underlying chronic medical conditions. Our results significantly indicate high expression levels of complement anaphylatoxins (C3a and C5a), IL-8, and RANTES in the lungs of MERS-CoV-infected patients. The upregulation of lung complement anaphylatoxins, C5a, and C3a was positively correlated with IL-8, RANTES, and the fatality rate. Our results also showed upregulation of the positive regulatory complement factor P, suggesting positive regulation of the complement during MERS-CoV infection. High levels of lung C5a, C3a, factor P, IL-8, and RANTES may contribute to the immunopathology, disease severity, ARDS development, and a higher fatality rate in MERS-CoV-infected patients. These findings highlight the potential prognostic utility of C5a, C3a, IL-8, and RANTES as biomarkers for MERS-CoV disease severity and mortality. To further explore the prediction of functional partners (proteins) of highly expressed proteins (C5a, C3a, factor P, IL-8, and RANTES), the computational protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and six proteins (hub nodes) were identified.
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Sasaki JI, Abe GL, Li A, Matsumoto T, Imazato S. Large three-dimensional cell constructs for tissue engineering. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2021; 22:571-582. [PMID: 34408551 PMCID: PMC8366663 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2021.1945899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Much research has been conducted on fabricating biomimetic biomaterials in vitro. Tissue engineering approaches are often conducted by combining cells, scaffolds, and growth factors. However, the degradation rate of scaffolds is difficult to control and the degradation byproducts occasionally limit tissue regeneration. To overcome these issues, we have developed a novel system using a thermo-responsive hydrogel that forms scaffold-free, three-dimensional (3D) cell constructs with arbitrary size and morphology. 3D cell constructs prepared using bone marrow-derived stromal stem cells (BMSCs) exhibited self-organizing ability and formed bone-like tissue with endochondral ossification. Endothelial cells were then introduced into the BMSC construct and a vessel-like structure was formed within the constructs. Additionally, the bone formation ability was promoted by endothelial cells and cell constructs could be freeze-dried to improve their clinical application. A pre-treatment with specific protein protectant allowed for the fabrication of novel bone substitutes composed only of cells. This 3D cell construct technology using thermo-responsive hydrogels was then applied to other cell species. Cell constructs composed of dental pulp stem cells were fabricated, and the resulting construct regenerated pulp-like tissue within a human pulpless tooth. In this review, we demonstrate the approaches for the in vitro fabrication of bone and dental pulp-like tissue using thermo-responsive hydrogels and their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichi Sasaki
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Gabriela L Abe
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Aonan Li
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Imazato
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
- CONTACT Satoshi Imazato Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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