1
|
Wang S, Long H, Hou L, Feng B, Ma Z, Wu Y, Zeng Y, Cai J, Zhang DW, Zhao G. The mitophagy pathway and its implications in human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:304. [PMID: 37582956 PMCID: PMC10427715 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01503-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles with multiple functions. They participate in necrotic cell death and programmed apoptotic, and are crucial for cell metabolism and survival. Mitophagy serves as a cytoprotective mechanism to remove superfluous or dysfunctional mitochondria and maintain mitochondrial fine-tuning numbers to balance intracellular homeostasis. Growing evidences show that mitophagy, as an acute tissue stress response, plays an important role in maintaining the health of the mitochondrial network. Since the timely removal of abnormal mitochondria is essential for cell survival, cells have evolved a variety of mitophagy pathways to ensure that mitophagy can be activated in time under various environments. A better understanding of the mechanism of mitophagy in various diseases is crucial for the treatment of diseases and therapeutic target design. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of mitophagy-mediated mitochondrial elimination, how mitophagy maintains mitochondrial homeostasis at the system levels and organ, and what alterations in mitophagy are related to the development of diseases, including neurological, cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, renal disease, etc., in recent advances. Finally, we summarize the potential clinical applications and outline the conditions for mitophagy regulators to enter clinical trials. Research advances in signaling transduction of mitophagy will have an important role in developing new therapeutic strategies for precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shouliang Wang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Haijiao Long
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lianjie Hou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Baorong Feng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zihong Ma
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Wu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiahao Cai
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids and Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Guojun Zhao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kadam A, Jadiya P, Tomar D. Post-translational modifications and protein quality control of mitochondrial channels and transporters. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1196466. [PMID: 37601094 PMCID: PMC10434574 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1196466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a critical role in energy metabolism and signal transduction, which is tightly regulated by proteins, metabolites, and ion fluxes. Metabolites and ion homeostasis are mainly mediated by channels and transporters present on mitochondrial membranes. Mitochondria comprise two distinct compartments, the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) and the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), which have differing permeabilities to ions and metabolites. The OMM is semipermeable due to the presence of non-selective molecular pores, while the IMM is highly selective and impermeable due to the presence of specialized channels and transporters which regulate ion and metabolite fluxes. These channels and transporters are modulated by various post-translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, oxidative modifications, ions, and metabolites binding, glycosylation, acetylation, and others. Additionally, the mitochondrial protein quality control (MPQC) system plays a crucial role in ensuring efficient molecular flux through the mitochondrial membranes by selectively removing mistargeted or defective proteins. Inefficient functioning of the transporters and channels in mitochondria can disrupt cellular homeostasis, leading to the onset of various pathological conditions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of mitochondrial channels and transporters in terms of their functions, PTMs, and quality control mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashlesha Kadam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Pooja Jadiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Z, Tan S, Li S, Cheng Y, Wang J, Liu H, Yan M, Wu G. Mitophagy-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to muscle wasting in cancer cachexia. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 73:34-42. [PMID: 37534096 PMCID: PMC10390805 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.23-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is commonly seen in patients with malignant tumors, which usually leads to poor life quality and negatively affects long-term prognosis and survival. Mitochondria dysfunction and enhanced autophagy are well-established to play an important role in skeletal muscle wasting. However, whether mitophagy is engaged in the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia requires further investigation. This study comprised a clinical study and animal experimentation. Clinical data such as CT images and laboratory results were obtained and analyzed. Then mice model of cancer cachexia and mitophagy inhibition were established. Data including skeletal muscle mass and function, mitochondria structure and function, inflammatory factors as well as ROS concentration. Mitophagy was enhanced in cancer cachexia patients with increased inflammatory factors. Greater disruption of skeletal muscle fiber and mitochondria structure were seen in cancer cachexia, with a higher level of inflammatory factors and ROS expression in skeletal muscle. Meanwhile, ATP production was undermined, indicating a close relationship with mitophagy, inflammation, and oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle of cancer cachexia mice models. In conclusion, mitophagy is activated in cancer cachexia and may play a role in skeletal muscle atrophy, and inflammation and oxidative stress might participate in mitophagy-related skeletal muscle injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhige Zhang
- Department of General Surgery/Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shanjun Tan
- Department of General Surgery/Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shuhao Li
- Department of General Surgery/Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuxi Cheng
- Department of General Surgery/Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of General Surgery/Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of General Surgery/Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mingyue Yan
- Department of General Surgery/Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guohao Wu
- Department of General Surgery/Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xiao Z, Long J, Zhang J, Qiu Z, Zhang C, Liu H, Liu X, Wang K, Tang Y, Chen L, Lu Z, Zhao G. Administration of protopine prevents mitophagy and acute lung injury in sepsis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1104185. [PMID: 37361224 PMCID: PMC10285494 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1104185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sepsis is a severe life-threatening infection that induces a series of dysregulated physiologic responses and results in organ dysfunction. Acute lung injury (ALI), the primary cause of respiratory failure brought on by sepsis, does not have a specific therapy. Protopine (PTP) is an alkaloid with antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the function of PTP in septic ALI has not yet been documented. This work sought to investigate how PTP affected septic ALI and the mechanisms involved in septic lung damage, including inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitophagy. Methods: Here, we established a mouse model induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and a BEAS-2B cell model exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results: PTP treatment significantly reduced mortality in CLP mice. PTP mitigated lung damage and reduced apoptosis. Western blot analysis showed that PTP dramatically reduced the expression of the apoptosis-associated protein (Cleaved Caspase-3, Cyto C) and increased Bcl-2/Bax. In addition, PTP decreased the production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α), increased glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Meanwhile, PTP significantly reduced the expression of mitophagy-related proteins (PINK1, Parkin, LC-II), and downregulated mitophagy by transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, the cells were consistent with animal experiments. Discussion: PTP intervention reduced inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, restored mitochondrial membrane potential, and downregulated mitophagy. The research shows that PTP prevents excessivemitophagy and ALI in sepsis, suggesting that PTP has a potential role in the therapy of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Xiao
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, China
- The Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period (Emergency Department), Wenzhou, China
| | - Juan Long
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, China
- The Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period (Emergency Department), Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, China
- The Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period (Emergency Department), Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Qiu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, China
- The Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period (Emergency Department), Wenzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, China
- The Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period (Emergency Department), Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, China
- The Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period (Emergency Department), Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinyong Liu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, China
- The Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period (Emergency Department), Wenzhou, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, China
- The Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period (Emergency Department), Wenzhou, China
| | - Yahui Tang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, China
- The Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period (Emergency Department), Wenzhou, China
| | - Longwang Chen
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, China
- The Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period (Emergency Department), Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhongqiu Lu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, China
- The Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period (Emergency Department), Wenzhou, China
| | - Guangju Zhao
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, China
- The Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period (Emergency Department), Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fu T, Ma Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Wang Q, Tong Y. Mitophagy as a mitochondrial quality control mechanism in myocardial ischemic stress: from bench to bedside. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:239-251. [PMID: 37093549 PMCID: PMC10167083 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01346-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia reduces the supply of oxygen and nutrients to cardiomyocytes, leading to an energetic crisis or cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a decisive contributor to the reception, transmission, and modification of cardiac ischemic signals. Cells with damaged mitochondria exhibit impaired mitochondrial metabolism and increased vulnerability to death stimuli due to disrupted mitochondrial respiration, reactive oxygen species overproduction, mitochondrial calcium overload, and mitochondrial genomic damage. Various intracellular and extracellular stress signaling pathways converge on mitochondria, so dysfunctional mitochondria tend to convert from energetic hubs to apoptotic centers. To interrupt the stress signal transduction resulting from lethal mitochondrial damage, cells can activate mitophagy (mitochondria-specific autophagy), which selectively eliminates dysfunctional mitochondria to preserve mitochondrial quality control. Different pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies have been designed to augment the protective properties of mitophagy and have been validated in basic animal experiments and pre-clinical human trials. In this review, we describe the process of mitophagy in cardiomyocytes under ischemic stress, along with its regulatory mechanisms and downstream effects. Then, we discuss promising therapeutic approaches to preserve mitochondrial homeostasis and protect the myocardium against ischemic damage by inducing mitophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Fu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
- Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, 02453, USA
| | - Yanchun Ma
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yan Li
- First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yingwei Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Qi Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ying Tong
- First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bao N, Cheng L, Wang Y, Peng Z, Wang Z, Chen S. Protein-protein interactions between RUNX3 and ZEB1 in chronic lung injury induced by methamphetamine abuse. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1025922. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1025922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) is the most common and highly addictive substance abuse drug. Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) and Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) are associated with lung inflammation and fibrosis. However, the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between RUNX3 and ZEB1 and its involvement in MA-induced chronic lung injury is still unclear. In this study, we evaluated lung injury using echocardiography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and western blot analysis. The viability of alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) was assessed using cell counting kit-8. Molecular Operating Environment software, Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database, co-immunoprecipitation, assay and confocal immunofluorescence assay were used to predict and identify the PPIs between RUNX3 and ZEB1. The expression of RUNX3 and ZEB1 were knockdown in AECs using siRNA. The results revealed that MA exposure increased the peak blood flow velocity of the pulmonary artery and the acceleration time of pulmonary artery blood flow. Further, exposure to MA also causes adhesion and fusion of the alveolar walls and altered AEC activity. A decrease in the expression of RUNX3 and an increase in the expression of ZEB1 and its downstream signaling molecules were observed on MA exposure. The PPIs between RUNX3 and ZEB1 were identified. Further, an increase in the protein binding rate of RUNX3-ZEB1 was observed in MA-induced lung injury. These results show interactions between RUNX3 and ZEB1. RUNX3 protects against lung injury; however, ZEB1 expression and the PPIs between ZEB1 and RUNX3 has deleterious effects on chronic lung injury induced by MA exposure. Our results provide a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of chronic lung injury due to MA exposure.
Collapse
|
7
|
Cossu D, Yokoyama K, Sato S, Noda S, Sakanishi T, Sechi LA, Hattori N. Age related immune modulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in PINK1 knockout mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1036680. [PMID: 36466826 PMCID: PMC9714542 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1036680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent research has shown that Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, modulates peripheral immune cells-mediated immunity during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Because the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) protein acts upstream of Parkin in a common mitochondrial quality control pathway, we hypothesized that the systemic deletion of PINK1 could also modify the clinical course of EAE, altering the peripheral and central nervous systems' immune responses. METHODS EAE was induced in female PINK1-/- mice of different age groups by immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide. RESULTS Compared to young wild-type controls, PINK1-/- mice showed earlier disease onset, albeit with a slightly less severe disease, while adult PINK1-/- mice displayed early onset and more severe acute symptoms than controls, showing persistent disease during the recovery phase. In adult mice, EAE severity was associated with significant increases in frequency of dendritic cells (CD11C+, IAIE+), lymphocytes (CD8+), neutrophils (Ly6G+, CD11b+), and a dysregulated cytokine profile in spleen. Furthermore, a massive macrophage (CD68+) infiltration and microglia (TMEM119+) and astrocyte (GFAP+) activation were detected in the spinal cord of adult PINK1-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS PINK1 plays an age-related role in modulating the peripheral inflammatory response during EAE, potentially contributing to the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory and other associated conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cossu
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Shigeto Sato
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Noda
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Leonardo Antonio Sechi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- SC Microbiologia Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (AOU) Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
[The role and mechanism of autophagy in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response of A549 cells]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2022; 24:1161-1170. [PMID: 36305119 PMCID: PMC9628005 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2202135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the role and mechanism of autophagy in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response of human alveolar epithelial A549 cells. METHODS A549 cells were stimulated with LPS to establish a cell model of inflammatory response, and were then grouped (n=3 each) by concentration (0, 1, 5, and 10 μg/mL) and time (0, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours). The A549 cells were treated with autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) to be divided into four groups (n=3 each): control, LPS, 3-MA, and 3-MA+LPS. The A549 cells were treated with autophagy agonist rapamycin (RAPA) to be divided into four groups (n=3 each): control, LPS, RAPA, and RAPA+LPS. The A549 cells were transfected with the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) overexpression plasmid to be divided into four groups (n=3 each): TLR4 overexpression control, TLR4 overexpression, TLR4 overexpression control+LPS, and TLR4 overexpression+LPS. The A549 cells were transfected with TLR4 siRNA to be divided into four groups (n=3 each): TLR4 silencing control,TLR4 silencing, TLR4 silencing control+LPS, and TLR4 silencing+LPS. CCK-8 assay was used to measure cell viability. Western blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of inflammatory indicators (NLRP3, Caspase-1, and ASC), autophagic indicators (LC3B, Beclin-1, and P62), and TLR4. RESULTS After stimulation with 1 μg/mL LPS for 12 hours, the levels of inflammatory indicators (NLRP3, Caspase-1, and ASC), autophagic indicators (LC3B, Beclin-1, and P62), and TLR4 increased and reached the peak (P<0.05). Compared with the LPS group, the 3-MA+LPS group had reduced expression of autophagy-related proteins and increased expression of inflammation-related proteins and TLR4, while the RAPA+LPS group had increased expression of autophagy-related proteins and reduced inflammation-related proteins and TLR4 (P<0.05). The TLR4 overexpression+LPS group had reduced autophagy-related proteins and increased inflammation-related proteins compared with the TLR4 overexpression control+LPS group, and the TLR4 silencing+LPS group had increased autophagy-related proteins and reduced inflammation-related proteins compared with the TLR4 silencing control+LPS group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS In the LPS-induced inflammatory response of human alveolar epithelial A549 cells, autophagic flux has a certain protective effect on A549 cells. TLR4-mediated autophagic flux negatively regulates the LPS-induced inflammatory response of A549 cells.
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen Z, Wang H, Hu B, Chen X, Zheng M, Liang L, Lyu J, Zeng Q. Transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2) ameliorates sepsis-associated acute kidney injury by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and improving the mitochondrial function. Eur J Histochem 2022; 66:3412. [PMID: 35726572 PMCID: PMC9251609 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2022.3412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has a role in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI), so the restoration of normal mitochondrial homeostasis may be an effective treatment strategy. Transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a main regulator of cell-redox homeostasis, and recent studies reported that NRF2 activation helped to preserve mitochondrial morphology and function under conditions of stress. However, the role of NRF2 in the process of S-AKI is still not well understood. The present study investigated whether NRF2 regulates mitochondrial homeostasis and influences mitochondrial function in S-AKI. We demonstrated activation of NRF2 in an in vitro model: lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge of ductal epithelial cells of rat renal tubules (NRK-52e cells), and an in vivo model: cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) of rats. Over-expression of NRF2 attenuated oxidative stress, apoptosis, and the inflammatory response; enhanced mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis; and mitigated mitochondrial damage in the in vitro model. In vivo experiments showed that rats treated with an NRF2 agonist had higher adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, lower blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, fewer renal histopathological changes, and higher expression of mitophagy-related proteins [PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (PRKN), microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II (LC3 II)] and mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 (PGC-1α) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM)]. Electron microscopy of kidney tissues showed that mitochondrial damage was alleviated by treatment with an NRF2 agonist, and the opposite response occurred upon treatment with an NRF2 antagonist. Overall, our findings suggest that mitochondria have an important role in the pathogenesis of S-AKI, and that NRF2 activation restored mitochondrial homeostasis and function in the presence of this disease. This mitochondrial pathway has the potential to be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of S-AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijiang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong.
| | - Huili Wang
- Department of Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong.
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong.
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong.
| | - Meiyu Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong.
| | - Lili Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong.
| | - Juanjuan Lyu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan.
| | - Qiyi Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhan B, Shen J. Mitochondria and their potential role in acute lung injury (Review). Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:479. [PMID: 35761815 PMCID: PMC9214601 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zhan
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Jie Shen
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang HX, Zhang X. Network pharmacology and experimental validation identify the potential mechanism of sophocarpine for COVID-19. J Med Microbiol 2022; 71. [PMID: 35622496 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a serious threat to public health worldwide, and there is currently no effective therapeutic strategy for treating COVID-19.Hypothesis/Gap Statement. We propose that sophocarpine (SOP) might have potential therapeutic effects on COVID-19 through inhibiting the cytokine storm and the nuclear factor NF-κB signalling pathway.Aim. The objective was to elucidate the potential mechanism of SOP against COVID-19 through a network pharmacology analysis and its experimental validation.Methodology. The BATMAN-TCM database was used to identify the therapeutic targets of SOP, while the GeneCards and DisGeNET databases were used to identify the targets related to COVID-19. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed from the STRING and analysed using Cytoscape software. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and disease ontology (DO) enrichment analyses of the co-targets were performed using Metascape. Autodock 4.2.6 and Pymol software were applied for molecular docking. Levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNFα and IL-1β were measured by ELISA, while mRNA expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and IFN gamma (IFNG) were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The protein levels of the molecules involved in the NF-κB signalling pathway were validated by western blot analysis.Results. A total of 65 co-targets of SOP and COVID-19 were determined. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses suggested that SOP affected COVID-19 by regulating the IL-17 signalling pathway, TNF signalling pathway and other signalling pathways. The PPI network and molecular docking showed that p65, ICAM-1 and VEGFA were key targets of SOP against COVID-19 and the underlying mechanism was validated in A549 cells in vitro. SOP attenuated the LPS-induced production of TNF-α and IL-6 and downregulated the LPS-induced mRNA expression of ICAM-1, VEGFA and IFNG. Mechanistically, SOP pretreatment inhibited the phosphorylation of p65 and facilitated the activation of Nrf2.Conclusions. SOP has a potential therapeutic effect on COVID-19 through multiple pathways and targets, and inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and molecules involved in the NF-κB signalling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Xian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, PR China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yuan S, Ye Z, Li Y, Zou J, Wu M, Wang K, Liao W, Shen J. Hypoglycemic Effect of Nobiletin via Regulation of Islet β-Cell Mitophagy and Gut Microbiota Homeostasis in Streptozocin-Challenged Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:5805-5818. [PMID: 35522926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nobiletin is a natural nutrient (or polymethoxyflavonoid) in orange peels exerting a preventive effect against metabolic diseases. However, there are very few reports on the hypoglycemic effect of nobiletin. In the present study, the hypoglycemic effect of nobiletin was investigated using NIT-1 cells and streptozocin (STZ)-challenged mouse models. Our results indicated that nobiletin could significantly suppress the high blood glucose in STZ-challenged mice. In addition, nobiletin could effectively activate the mitophagy and inhibit the inflammatory pathways in NIT-1 cells. The mitochondria membrane potential dysbiosis induced by glucotoxicity in NIT-1 cells was restored after treatment by nobiletin. Further investigation revealed that the hypoglycemic effect of nobiletin was mainly through regulation of gut microbiota dysbiosis, activation of mitophagy flux, inhibition of inflammasome expression, and restoration of islet morphological destruction in the pancreas of STZ-challenged mice. Our study revealed that nobiletin could be used as a functional food or drug candidate for the treatment of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zichong Ye
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zou
- School of Biological Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Mengting Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Wenzhen Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hernández-Cuervo H, Soundararajan R, Sidramagowda Patil S, Breitzig M, Alleyn M, Galam L, Lockey R, Uversky VN, Kolliputi N. BMI1 Silencing Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Lung Epithelial Cells Exposed to Hyperoxia. Front Physiol 2022; 13:814510. [PMID: 35431986 PMCID: PMC9005903 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.814510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute Lung Injury (ALI), characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates that restrict gas exchange, leads to respiratory failure. It is caused by an innate immune response with white blood cell infiltration of the lungs, release of cytokines, an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, and changes in mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial alterations, changes in respiration, ATP production and the unbalancing fusion and fission processes are key events in ALI pathogenesis and increase mitophagy. Research indicates that BMI1 (B cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1), a protein of the Polycomb repressive complex 1, is a cell cycle and survival regulator that plays a role in mitochondrial function. BMI1-silenced cultured lung epithelial cells were exposed to hyperoxia to determine the role of BMI1 in mitochondrial metabolism. Its expression significantly decreases in human lung epithelial cells (H441) following hyperoxic insult, as determined by western blot, Qrt-PCR, and functional analysis. This decrease correlates with an increase in mitophagy proteins, PINK1, Parkin, and DJ1; an increase in the expression of tumor suppressor PTEN; changes in the expression of mitochondrial biomarkers; and decreases in the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and tricarboxylic acid enzyme activity. Our bioinformatics analysis suggested that the BMI1 multifunctionality is determined by its high level of intrinsic disorder that defines the ability of this protein to bind to numerous cellular partners. These results demonstrate a close relationship between BMI1 expression and mitochondrial health in hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (HALI) and indicate that BMI1 is a potential therapeutic target to treat ALI and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Hernández-Cuervo
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Ramani Soundararajan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Sahebgowda Sidramagowda Patil
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Mason Breitzig
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Matthew Alleyn
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Lakshmi Galam
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Richard Lockey
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Narasaiah Kolliputi
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Narasaiah Kolliputi,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jiang W, Tan Y, Peng Y. Aroylhydrazone Diorganotin Complexes Causes DNA Damage and Apoptotic Cell Death: From Chemical Synthesis to Biochemical Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413525. [PMID: 34948323 PMCID: PMC8709053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Under microwave irradiation, eighteen new aroylhydrazone diorganotin complexes (1a–9b) were produced through the reaction of aroylhydrazine, 2-ketobutyric acid, and the corresponding diorganotin. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H, 13C, and 119Sn nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, high-resolution mass spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed to characterize the complexes. The in vitro anticancer activity for complexes were assessed using a CCK-8 assay on human cancer cells of HepG2, NCI-H460, and MCF-7. Complex 4b revealed more intensive anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells than the other complexes and cisplatin. Flow cytometry analysis and transmission electron microscope observation demonstrated that complex 4b mediated cell apoptosis of MCF-7 cells and arrested cell cycle in S phase. Western blotting analysis showed that 4b induced DNA damage in MCF-7 cells and led to apoptosis by the ATM-CHK2-p53 pathway. The single cell gel electrophoreses assay results showed that 4b induced DNA damage. The DNA binding activity of 4b was studied by UV–Visible absorption spectrometry, fluorescence competitive, viscosity measurements, gel electrophoresis, and molecular docking, and the results show that 4b can be well embedded in the groove and cleave DNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wujiu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Treatment of Heavy Metals Pollution in the Upper Reaches of XiangJiang River, Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Hunan Province, Hengyang 421008, China
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (Y.P.)
| | - Yuxing Tan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Treatment of Heavy Metals Pollution in the Upper Reaches of XiangJiang River, Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Hunan Province, Hengyang 421008, China
| | - Yiyuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (Y.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Molecular Signaling to Preserve Mitochondrial Integrity against Ischemic Stress in the Heart: Rescue or Remove Mitochondria in Danger. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123330. [PMID: 34943839 PMCID: PMC8699551 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death and global health problems worldwide, and ischemic heart disease is the most common cause of heart failure (HF). The heart is a high-energy demanding organ, and myocardial energy reserves are limited. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, but under stress conditions, they become damaged, release necrotic and apoptotic factors, and contribute to cell death. Loss of cardiomyocytes plays a significant role in ischemic heart disease. In response to stress, protective signaling pathways are activated to limit mitochondrial deterioration and protect the heart. To prevent mitochondrial death pathways, damaged mitochondria are removed by mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy). Mitochondrial quality control mediated by mitophagy is functionally linked to mitochondrial dynamics. This review provides a current understanding of the signaling mechanisms by which the integrity of mitochondria is preserved in the heart against ischemic stress.
Collapse
|
16
|
Yang R, Yang H, Wei J, Li W, Yue F, Song Y, He X, Hu K. Mechanisms Underlying the Effects of Lianhua Qingwen on Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury: A Network Pharmacology Approach. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:717652. [PMID: 34721017 PMCID: PMC8551812 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.717652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition associated with secondary multiple organ injury. Acute lung injury (ALI) caused by sepsis has high morbidity and mortality in critical care units. Lianhua Qingwen (LHQW) is a traditional Chinese medicine composing of 11 herbs and 2 medicinal minerals. LHQW exhibits anti-inflammatory activity and is effective in treating pneumonia. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of LHQW on sepsis-induced ALI and its underlying mechanism. Materials and Methods: A network pharmacology approach was used to predict the bioactive components and effective targets of LHQW in treating ALI. We established ALI model C57/BL6 mice via an intraperitoneal injection of LPS and inhibited p53 expression by pifithrin-α, in order to validate the mechanism by which LHQW exerted protective role in ALI. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was conducted to assess the severity of lung injury. The severity of inflammation was evaluated based on MPO (myeloperoxidase) activity. TUNEL assay was employed to detect apoptotic cells. The levels of p53 and caspase-3 were tested by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. The expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome C and caspase-9 were detected by Western blotting. Results: A total of 80 genes were associated with LHQW in the treatment of ALI. After PPI network construction, four active components (quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol and wogonin) and 10 target genes (AKT1, TP53, IL6, VEGFA, TNF, JUN, STAT3, MAPK8, MAPK1, and EGF) were found to be essential for ALI treatment. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that apoptosis pathway was mainly involved in the LHQW-ALI network. Animal experiments showed that LHQW was able to attenuate LPS-induced ALI, and medium-dose LHQW exhibited the most prominent effect. LHQW could inhibit the overexpression of p53 induced by LPS and suppress p53-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathways by decreasing the levels of Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9, increasing the expression of Bcl-2, and attenuating the release of cytochrome C in ALI mice. Conclusion: This study reveals that LHQW may alleviate LPS-induced ALI via inhibiting p53-mediated intrinsic apoptosis pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruhao Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haizhen Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Yue
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li L, Qi R, Zhang L, Yu Y, Hou J, Gu Y, Song D, Wang X. Potential biomarkers and targets of mitochondrial dynamics. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e529. [PMID: 34459143 PMCID: PMC8351522 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the imbalance of cellular homeostasis and the development of diseases, which is regulated by mitochondria-associated factors. The present review aims to explore the process of the mitochondrial quality control system as a new source of the potential diagnostic biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for diseases, including mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, interactions between mitochondria and other organelles (lipid droplets, endoplasmic reticulum, endosomes, and lysosomes), as well as the regulation and posttranscriptional modifications of mitochondrial DNA/RNA (mtDNA/mtRNA). The direct and indirect influencing factors were especially illustrated in understanding the interactions among regulators of mitochondrial dynamics. In addition, mtDNA/mtRNAs and proteomic profiles of mitochondria in various lung diseases were also discussed as an example. Thus, alternations of mitochondria-associated regulators can be a new category of biomarkers and targets for disease diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Li
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Ruixue Qi
- Jinshan Hospital Centre for Tumor Diagnosis and TherapyFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Yuexin Yu
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Jiayun Hou
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Yutong Gu
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Dongli Song
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Jinshan Hospital Centre for Tumor Diagnosis and TherapyFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhu CL, Yao RQ, Li LX, Li P, Xie J, Wang JF, Deng XM. Mechanism of Mitophagy and Its Role in Sepsis Induced Organ Dysfunction: A Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:664896. [PMID: 34164394 PMCID: PMC8215549 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202111-2484oc+10.3389/fcell.2021.664896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved process, plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. It is widely believed that mitochondria influence the development of disease by regulating cellular metabolism. When challenged by different stimuli, mitochondria may experience morphological disorders and functional abnormalities, leading to a selective form of autophagy-mitophagy, which can clear damaged mitochondria to promote mitochondrial quality control. Sepsis is a complex global problem with multiple organ dysfunction, often accompanied by manifold mitochondrial damage. Recent studies have shown that autophagy can regulate both innate and acquired immune processes to protect against organ dysfunction in sepsis. Sepsis-induced mitochondrial dysfunction may play a pathophysiological role in the initiation and progression of sepsis-induced organ failure. Mitophagy is reported to be beneficial for sepsis by eliminating disabled mitochondria and maintaining homeostasis to protect against organ failure. In this review, we summarize the recent findings and mechanisms of mitophagy and its involvement in septic organ dysfunction as a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-long Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren-qi Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-xi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-feng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-ming Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhu CL, Yao RQ, Li LX, Li P, Xie J, Wang JF, Deng XM. Mechanism of Mitophagy and Its Role in Sepsis Induced Organ Dysfunction: A Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:664896. [PMID: 34164394 PMCID: PMC8215549 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202111-2484oc 10.3389/fcell.2021.664896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved process, plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. It is widely believed that mitochondria influence the development of disease by regulating cellular metabolism. When challenged by different stimuli, mitochondria may experience morphological disorders and functional abnormalities, leading to a selective form of autophagy-mitophagy, which can clear damaged mitochondria to promote mitochondrial quality control. Sepsis is a complex global problem with multiple organ dysfunction, often accompanied by manifold mitochondrial damage. Recent studies have shown that autophagy can regulate both innate and acquired immune processes to protect against organ dysfunction in sepsis. Sepsis-induced mitochondrial dysfunction may play a pathophysiological role in the initiation and progression of sepsis-induced organ failure. Mitophagy is reported to be beneficial for sepsis by eliminating disabled mitochondria and maintaining homeostasis to protect against organ failure. In this review, we summarize the recent findings and mechanisms of mitophagy and its involvement in septic organ dysfunction as a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-long Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren-qi Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-xi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-feng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Jia-feng Wang,
| | - Xiao-ming Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China,Xiao-ming Deng,
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhu CL, Yao RQ, Li LX, Li P, Xie J, Wang JF, Deng XM. Mechanism of Mitophagy and Its Role in Sepsis Induced Organ Dysfunction: A Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:664896. [PMID: 34164394 PMCID: PMC8215549 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.664896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved process, plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. It is widely believed that mitochondria influence the development of disease by regulating cellular metabolism. When challenged by different stimuli, mitochondria may experience morphological disorders and functional abnormalities, leading to a selective form of autophagy-mitophagy, which can clear damaged mitochondria to promote mitochondrial quality control. Sepsis is a complex global problem with multiple organ dysfunction, often accompanied by manifold mitochondrial damage. Recent studies have shown that autophagy can regulate both innate and acquired immune processes to protect against organ dysfunction in sepsis. Sepsis-induced mitochondrial dysfunction may play a pathophysiological role in the initiation and progression of sepsis-induced organ failure. Mitophagy is reported to be beneficial for sepsis by eliminating disabled mitochondria and maintaining homeostasis to protect against organ failure. In this review, we summarize the recent findings and mechanisms of mitophagy and its involvement in septic organ dysfunction as a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Long Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren-Qi Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-Xi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Feng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ji W, Wan T, Zhang F, Zhu X, Guo S, Mei X. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Myocardial Injury by Suppressing Mitophagy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:641058. [PMID: 34025411 PMCID: PMC8139555 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.641058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Sepsis-induced circulatory and cardiac dysfunction is associated with high mortality rates. Mitophagy, a specific form of autophagy, is excessively activated in lipopolysaccharide-induced myocardial injury. The present study investigated whether aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) regulates mitophagy in sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. After lipopolysaccharide administration, cardiac dysfunction, inflammatory cell infiltration, biochemical indicators of myocardial cell injury, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were ameliorated in mice by ALDH2 activation or overexpression. In contrast, cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were exacerbated in mice followed ALDH2 inhibition. Moreover, ALDH2 activation or overexpression regulated mitophagy by suppressing the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin, by preventing the accumulation of 4-hydroxy-trans-nonenal. Conversely, ALDH2 inhibition promoted the expression of LC3B by increasing 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal accumulation. Consequently, ALDH2 may protect the heart from lipopolysaccharide-induced injury by suppressing PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Ji
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Wan
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhu
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, China
| | - Shubin Guo
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Mei
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhu G, Zhang J, Yang Y, Zhang H, Jin W, Su F, Liang J, Wang K, Zhang J, Chen C. The Key Target and Molecular Mechanism of the Volatile Component of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in Acute Lung Injury Based on Network Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:650780. [PMID: 33981230 PMCID: PMC8109027 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.650780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance:Scutellaria baicalensis georgi is one of the most widely studied TCMs; its effects in ALI have been studied in a large number of experiments, and the efficacy of volatile oil from TCM remains to be studied. Aim: The volatile component of Scutellaria baicalensis georgi was selected to act on the key target of acute lung injury and was preliminarily studied for its specific molecular mechanism. Methods: The volatile active substances of Scutellaria baicalensis georgi were extracted by GC–MS, and the active ingredients related with the occurrence and development of acute lung injury were searched and matched by the TCMSP database. The pharmacologic data and analysis platform of TCM were used to retrieve and screen for the volatile active components and the possible therapeutic targets of Scutellaria baicalensis georgi. In addition, acute lung injury was searched in the disease target database to identify the corresponding disease target proteins, thereby establishing a protein–protein interaction network. Finally, the effects of wogonin on the apoptotic and inflammatory factors in the acute lung injury cell model were analyzed experimentally. Results: We identified 100 candidate targets and successfully constructed a complex target network. The targets identified by the above gene enrichment analysis played important roles in the autoimmune disease cell cycle apoptosis and related signaling pathways. The KEGG pathway analysis showed that most of the target genes were involved in the inflammatory response regulation of the TRP, PI3K-Akt, and IL-17 signaling pathways. The participation of wogonin in the specific regulatory pathways of PI3K-Akt signaling and IL-17 signaling was verified through experiments. In the lung-injured cell model, the results showed that wogonin inhibited the apoptosis of injured lung cells by inhibiting the expression of BAD gene and the activation of cleaved caspase-3 gene while increasing Bcl-2 expression. In addition, wogonin inhibited the expression of the abovementioned inflammatory factors and further inhibited the inflammatory response in the lung injury cells. Conclusion: The results of pharmacological network analysis can predict and explain the regulation mechanism of multi-target and multi-pathway of TCM components. This study identified the potential target and important pathway of wogonin in regulating acute lung injury. At the same time, the accuracy of network pharmacological prediction is also preliminarily verified by molecular biology experiment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guosong Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiaqiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yali Yang
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Jin
- Medical Engineering Technology and Data Mining Institute, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangchu Su
- Medical Engineering Technology and Data Mining Institute, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junting Liang
- Clinical Bioinformatics Experimental Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaiwei Wang
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Medical Engineering Technology and Data Mining Institute, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chuanliang Chen
- Clinical Bioinformatics Experimental Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jia CM, Zhang FW, Wang SJ, Wang W, Li Y. Tea Polyphenols Prevent Sepsis-Induced Lung Injury via Promoting Translocation of DJ-1 to Mitochondria. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:622507. [PMID: 33981700 PMCID: PMC8107366 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.622507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is the systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection, which commonly targets on the lung. Tea polyphenols (TP) have many pharmacological activities, but their role in sepsis induced lung injury remains unclear. Results Injection of TP after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) operation elevated the survival rate in a concentration dependent manner. TP treatment improved alveoli structure injury under CLP operation. CLP surgery increased the expression of inflammatory factors IL1β, IL6, and TNFα expression, which was reversed by TP injection. In addition, CLP operation promoted apoptosis and senescence in tissues and cells during lung injury, while TP administration removed the damaged role of CLP on lung tissues and cells. Furthermore, CLP operation or LPS (lipopolysaccharide) treatment induced dysfunction of mitochondria in lung tissues and cells, but TP contributed to recover mitochondria function, which exhibited as inhibition of ROS production inhibition and increase of ATP content and Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Interestingly, DJ-1 was inhibited by CLP operation but promoted by TP treatment. Overexpression of DJ-1 reversed the injury of LPS on L2 cells and recovered mitochondria normal function. And silencing of DJ-1 in rats or alveolar epithelial cells blocked the protection effect of TP. Conclusion Our research revealed that TP protected against lung injury via upregulating of DJ-1 to improve mitochondria function, which contributed to the prevention and treatment of sepsis induced lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Mei Jia
- Emergency Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Feng-Wei Zhang
- Emergency Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Juan Wang
- Emergency Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Emergency Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yong Li
- Emergency Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhao R, Wang B, Wang D, Wu B, Ji P, Tan D. Oxyberberine Prevented Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury through Inhibition of Mitophagy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6675264. [PMID: 33728026 PMCID: PMC7937471 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6675264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious respiratory syndrome characterized with uncontrolled inflammatory response. Oxyberberine has strong potential for clinical usage since it showed strong anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antiarrhythmic effects in various diseases. In the present study, we evaluated whether oxyberberine can inhibit lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced ALI in vivo and further evaluated the possible involvement of mitophagy in vitro by using A549 cells, a human lung epithelial cell line. Our in vivo study shows that oxyberberine significantly inhibited LPS-induced lung pathological injury and lung edema, as indicated by the changes in lung wet/dry ratio and total protein levels in the BALF in mice. Moreover, oxyberberine inhibited inflammation, as indicated by the changes of neutrophil accumulation and production of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 in both the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in ALI mice. Our in vitro study shows that LPS significantly decreased the protein level of mitochondrial proteins, including cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (COX IV), p62, and mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) in A549 cells. In addition, LPS induced significant Parkin1 translocation from cytoplasm to mitochondria. These changes were significantly inhibited by oxyberberine. Notably, the inhibitory effect of oxyberberine was almost totally lost in the presence of lysosome fusion inhibitor bafilomycin A1 (Baf), a mitophagy inhibitor. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that oxyberberine alleviated LPS-induced inflammation in ALI via inhibition of Parkin-mediated mitophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runmin Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Bingxia Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Dasheng Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Benhe Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Peiyu Ji
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Dingyu Tan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wanderoy S, Hees JT, Klesse R, Edlich F, Harbauer AB. Kill one or kill the many: interplay between mitophagy and apoptosis. Biol Chem 2020; 402:73-88. [PMID: 33544491 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key players of cellular metabolism, Ca2+ homeostasis, and apoptosis. The functionality of mitochondria is tightly regulated, and dysfunctional mitochondria are removed via mitophagy, a specialized form of autophagy that is compromised in hereditary forms of Parkinson's disease. Through mitophagy, cells are able to cope with mitochondrial stress until the damage becomes too great, which leads to the activation of pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family proteins located on the outer mitochondrial membrane. Active pro-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins facilitate the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) into the cytosol, committing the cell to apoptosis by activating a cascade of cysteinyl-aspartate specific proteases (caspases). We are only beginning to understand how the choice between mitophagy and the activation of caspases is determined on the mitochondrial surface. Intriguingly in neurons, caspase activation also plays a non-apoptotic role in synaptic plasticity. Here we review the current knowledge on the interplay between mitophagy and caspase activation with a special focus on the central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Wanderoy
- Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology, Am Klopferspitz 18, D-82152Martinsried, Germany
| | - J Tabitha Hees
- Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology, Am Klopferspitz 18, D-82152Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ramona Klesse
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Freiburg, D-79104Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, D-79104Freiburg, Germany
| | - Frank Edlich
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Freiburg, D-79104Freiburg, Germany
| | - Angelika B Harbauer
- Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology, Am Klopferspitz 18, D-82152Martinsried, Germany.,Technical University of Munich, Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|