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Fazel MF, Abu IF, Mohamad MHN, Mat Daud NA, Hasan AN, Aboo Bakkar Z, Md Khir MAN, Juliana N, Das S, Mohd Razali MR, Zainal Baharin NH, Ismail AA. Physicochemistry, Nutritional, and Therapeutic Potential of Ficus carica - A Promising Nutraceutical. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1947-1968. [PMID: 38831870 PMCID: PMC11146627 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s436446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In an era where synthetic supplements have raised concerns regarding their effects on human health, Ficus carica has emerged as a natural alternative rich in polyphenolic compounds with potent therapeutic properties. Various studies on F. carica focusing on the analysis and validation of its pharmacological and nutritional properties are emerging. This paper summarizes present data and information on the phytochemical, nutritional values, therapeutic potential, as well as the toxicity profile of F. carica. An extensive search was conducted from various databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. A total of 126 studies and articles related to F. carica that were published between 1999 and 2023 were included in this review. Remarkably, F. carica exhibits a diverse array of advantageous effects, including, but not limited to, antioxidant, anti-neurodegenerative, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antiepileptic, anticonvulsant, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-angiogenic, antidiabetic, anti-cancer, and antimutagenic properties. Among the highlights include that antioxidants from F. carica were demonstrated to inhibit cholinesterase, potentially protecting neurons in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions. The antimicrobial activities of F. carica were attributed to its high flavonoids and terpenoids content, while its virucidal action through the inhibition of DNA and RNA replication was postulated due to its triterpenes content. Inflammatory and arthritic conditions may also benefit from its anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties through the modulation of various signalling proteins. Studies have also shown that F. carica extracts were generally safe and exhibit low toxicity profile, although more research in this aspect is required, specifically its effects on the skin. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of F. carica as a valuable natural therapeutic agent and dietary supplement. However, continued exploration on F. carica's safety and efficacy is still required prior to embarking on clinical trials, as its role in personalized nutrition and medication will open a new paradigm to improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fattah Fazel
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Izuddin Fahmy Abu
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Haiqal Nizar Mohamad
- Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Alor Gajah, Malacca, Malaysia
| | - Noor Arniwati Mat Daud
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Najib Hasan
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zainie Aboo Bakkar
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Alif Naim Md Khir
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norsham Juliana
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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Saghazadeh A. Exploring the pharmacological versatility of ficus carica: Modulating classical immunometabolism and beyond. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:107010. [PMID: 37995897 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The burden of metabolic disorders is alarmingly increasing globally. On the other hand, sustainability is the key project of the 21st century. Natural products offer a coherent option for the complementary management of both these challenges. Ficus carica (FC), commonly known as the fig fruit, has an experimentally proven potency for the modulation of cell cycle, immunity, inflammation, metabolism, and oxidative stress. Here, we review the potential of FC-derived products (FCDP) in slowing down the progression of cancers, acute/chronic inflammation-related conditions, infections, metabolic disorders, toxicities, neurological and neuromuscular diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, vascular diseases, and skin-stressing conditions, as well as, in boosting normal healthy functions of the endocrine, immune, metabolic, and nervous systems. It reveals a variety of cellular and molecular targets for FCDP: cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, IFN-γ), chemokines (CCL2), other inflammatory mediators (CRP, PGE2), immune receptors (TLR-2, TLR-4, FcεRI), oxidative stress-related markers (SOD, GSH, MDA, GPx, catalase, ROS, NO, protein carbonyls), kinases (MAPKs, hexokinase, G6Pase, FBPase, PEPCK, Akt, AMPK, GSK3, CDKs), other enzymes (COX-2, iNOS, MMPs, caspases), growth factors/receptors (VEGF, EGFR), hormones (DHEAS, prolactin, GnRH, FSH, LH, estradiol, DHT, insulin), cell death-related markers (Bcl-2, Bax, Bak, FasL, gasdermins, cytochrome C), glucose transporter protein (Glut4), and transcription factors (NF-κB, HNF-4α, Foxo, PGC-1α, PPAR-γ, C/EBP-α, CREB, NFATC1, STAT3). FCDP cause both activation and inhibition of AMPK, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling to confer condition-specific advantages. Such a broad-range activity might be attributed to different mechanisms of action of FCDP in modulating functions within the classical immunometabolic system, but also beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amene Saghazadeh
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Sandhu AK, Islam M, Edirisinghe I, Burton-Freeman B. Phytochemical Composition and Health Benefits of Figs (Fresh and Dried): A Review of Literature from 2000 to 2022. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112623. [PMID: 37299587 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
With their rich history dating back 6000 years, figs are one of the oldest known plants to mankind and are a classical fruit in the Mediterranean diet. They possess a diverse array of bioactive components, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, carotenoids, and tocopherols, which have been used for centuries in traditional medicine for their health-promoting effects addressing gastrointestinal, respiratory, inflammatory, metabolic, and cardiovascular issues. This review summarizes the updated information on the phenolic composition, antioxidant capacity and other functional properties of fresh and dried figs cultivated in various parts of the world, highlighting variation in phenolic composition based on cultivar, harvesting time, maturity stage, processing, and fig parts. Additionally, the review delves into the bio-accessibility and bio-availability of bioactive components from figs and their potential influence on cardiovascular health, diabetes, obesity, and gut/digestive health. Data suggest that the intake of figs regularly in the diet, alone or with other dried fruits, increases select micronutrient intake and is associated with higher diet quality, respectively. Research in animal and human models of health and disease risk provide preliminary health benefits data on figs and their extracts from fig parts; however, additional well-controlled human studies, particularly using fig fruit, will be required to uncover and verify the potential impact of dietary intake of figs on modern day health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep K Sandhu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Maria Islam
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Indika Edirisinghe
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Britt Burton-Freeman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
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Acacetin attenuates the pancreatic and hepatorenal dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin. J Nat Med 2023; 77:446-454. [PMID: 36892720 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-022-01675-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Acacetin is a natural flavonoid compound with multiple therapeutic potential in oxidative stress, inflammation, cancers, cardiovascular disease and infections. The present study aimed to detect the effect of acacetin on pancreatic and hepatorenal dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats. The diabetic rats were induced by high-fat diet (HFD) followed by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 45 mg/kg. Different doses of acacetin were orally administrated once a day for 8 weeks after the diabetic model was successfully established. The experimental results revealed that acacetin and acarbose displayed obvious attenuation in the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipids compared to the untreated diabetic rats. In addition, the physiological function of liver and kidney was impaired in the persistent environment of hyperglycemia, while acacetin improved the damage of liver and kidney. Furthermore, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining indicated that acacetin alleviated the pathological alterations of the pancreas, liver and kidney tissues. Besides, the increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and malondialdehyde (MDA) were recused by acacetin treatment, while the reduction of superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were suppressed by acacetin treatment. In conclusion, the experimental results demonstrated that acacetin improved the lipids and glucose levels, and hepatorenal antioxidant capacity, as well as ameliorated hepatorenal dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats, and the potential mechanism might be associated with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Lin L, Zhang Y. Chemical Constituents and Antidiabetic Activity of Dichloromethane Extract from Ficus carica Leaves. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:979-991. [PMID: 37041932 PMCID: PMC10083029 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s405150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the dichloromethane extract of Ficus carica leaves (FCL) had a hypoglycemic impact in diabetic mice, as well as to identify the bioactive components in the extract and analyze their anti-hyperglycemia potential in HepG2 cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS The antidiabetic activity of dichloromethane extract of Ficus carica leaves was evaluated in diabetic mice induced by streptozotocin (STZ,100 mg/kg) combined with high-fat diet. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood lipids, oral glucose tolerance, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and pathological change effects of the extract were measured after administering two doses of the extract (500 and 1000 mg/kg). On the other hand, we used column chromatography to isolate the dichloromethane extract, and we structurally identified the compounds based on 1H NMR and 3C NMR spectra. The hypoglycemic activity of isolated compounds was investigated in palmitic acid (PA)-induced HepG2 cells. RESULTS FCL extract lowers blood glucose and improves blood lipids and the pancreatic β-cell also tend to recover whether the psoralen is removed or not. Meanwhile, three coumarins except psoralen were isolated from dichloromethane extract: 3,4-dihydropsoralen, umbelliferone and 7-hydroxyl-6-methylcoumarin. Psoralen and umbelliferone promoted glucose uptake in HepG2 cells. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION In vivo experiments, dichloromethane extract of FCL has potential antidiabetic activity, mainly by lowering blood glucose, improving blood lipids, glucose tolerance and repairing pancreatic islet damage, which justifies its use in the treatment of diabetes in Spanish folklore. Additionally, in vitro experiments, psoralen and umbelliferone demonstrated substantial glucose-lowering activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yin Zhang, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13328579972, Email
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Pucci M, Mandrone M, Chiocchio I, Sweeney EM, Tirelli E, Uberti D, Memo M, Poli F, Mastinu A, Abate G. Different Seasonal Collections of Ficus carica L. Leaves Diversely Modulate Lipid Metabolism and Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142833. [PMID: 35889791 PMCID: PMC9323846 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the high prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes, adipogenesis dysfunction and metabolic disorders are common features in the elderly population. Thus, the identification of novel compounds with anti-adipogenic and lipolytic effects is highly desirable to reduce diabetes complications. Plants represent an important source of bioactive compounds. To date, the antidiabetic potential of several traditional plants has been reported, among which Ficus carica L. is one of the most promising. Considering that plant metabolome changes in response to a number of factors including seasonality, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether Ficus carica leaves extracts collected in autumn (FCa) and spring (FCs) differently modulate lipid metabolism and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The 1H-NMR profile of the extracts showed that FCs have a higher content of caffeic acid derivatives, glucose, and sucrose than FCa. In contrast, FCa showed a higher concentration of malic acid and furanocoumarins, identified as psoralen and bergapten. In vitro testing showed that only FCa treatments were able to significantly decrease the lipid content (Ctrl vs. FCa 25 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL and 80 μg/mL; p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, FCa treatments were able to downregulate the transcriptional pathway of adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In more detail, FCa 80 μg/mL significantly decreased the gene expression of PPARγ (p < 0.05), C/EBPα (p < 0.05), Leptin (p < 0.0001), adiponectin (p < 0.05) and GLUT4 (p < 0.01). In conclusion, this study further supports an in-depth investigation of F. carica leaves extracts as a promising source of active compounds useful for targeting obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariachiara Pucci
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.P.); (E.M.S.); (E.T.); (D.U.); (M.M.); (G.A.)
| | - Manuela Mandrone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Ilaria Chiocchio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Eileen Mac Sweeney
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.P.); (E.M.S.); (E.T.); (D.U.); (M.M.); (G.A.)
| | - Emanuela Tirelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.P.); (E.M.S.); (E.T.); (D.U.); (M.M.); (G.A.)
| | - Daniela Uberti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.P.); (E.M.S.); (E.T.); (D.U.); (M.M.); (G.A.)
| | - Maurizio Memo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.P.); (E.M.S.); (E.T.); (D.U.); (M.M.); (G.A.)
| | - Ferruccio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Andrea Mastinu
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.P.); (E.M.S.); (E.T.); (D.U.); (M.M.); (G.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-030-371-7509
| | - Giulia Abate
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.P.); (E.M.S.); (E.T.); (D.U.); (M.M.); (G.A.)
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Singh JP, Singh B, Kaur A. Polyphenols in fig: a review on their characterisation, biochemistry during ripening, antioxidant activity and health benefits. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder Pal Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar143005 PunjabIndia
| | - Balwinder Singh
- P.G. Department of Biotechnology Khalsa College Amritsar143002 PunjabIndia
| | - Amritpal Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar143005 PunjabIndia
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Ficus spp. fruits: Bioactive compounds and chemical, biological and pharmacological properties. Food Res Int 2022; 152:110928. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Ramadan S, Hegab AM, Al-Awthan YS, Al-Duais MA, Tayel AA, Al-Saman MA. Comparison of the Efficiency of Lepidium sativum, Ficus carica, and Punica granatum Methanolic Extracts in Relieving Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:6018835. [PMID: 34970629 PMCID: PMC8714380 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6018835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels that occurs either due to insufficient insulin production or mounting resistance to its action. The purpose of this study was to investigate if methanolic extracts of Lepidium sativum seeds, Ficus carica, and Punica granatum leaves had any effect on blood sugar levels in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats, as well as to explore the most effective extract. METHOD Healthy male albino rats weighing 185-266 g were divided into nine groups of eight rats each: normal control, diabetic control, diabetic rats with dietary supplements of L. sativum, F. carica, and P. granatum methanolic extracts, and diabetics treated with insulin. All of the rats were fed on ordinary diet with nutritional pellets and were given water ad libitum. To induce diabetes, all animals were administered with STZ intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight. For five weeks, the crude plant extracts were given orally to various groups of rats at doses of one hundred and two hundred mg/kg body weight. After that, animal groups were sacrificed and blood samples were taken. RESULTS Phytochemical analysis revealed that the highest amounts of polyphenolic compounds were present in L. sativum seeds and P. granatum leaves, while leaves of F. carica showed the highest amounts of alkaloid and flavonoid content compared to other extracts. Oral administration of F. carica and L. sativum extracts at the dosage of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly reduced glucose, lipid profile, kidney, and liver enzyme levels. A significant increase in HbAlc levels was also observed with L. sativum extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg compared to diabetic controls. Mellitus rats supplemented with 100 and 200 mg/kg methanolic extracts of P. granatum had higher serum triglycerides and lower serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) than normal control rats. F. carica extract is more effective than L. sativum and P. granatum extracts in the prevention and control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Ramadan
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Amany Mohamed Hegab
- Developmental Pharmacology Department, The National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Egypt
| | - Yahya S. Al-Awthan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, 71491 Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali Al-Duais
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, 71491 Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Tayel
- Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A. Al-Saman
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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Chen X, Yun C, Zheng H, Chen X, Han Q, Pan H, Wang Y, Zhong J. The protective effects of S14G-humanin (HNG) against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced cardiac dysfunction. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5491-5503. [PMID: 34506248 PMCID: PMC8806847 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1964894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress, inflammation, and myocardial hypertrophy have been associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). S14G-humanin (HNG) is a potent humanin analogue that has demonstrated cytoprotective effects in a variety of cells and tissues. However, the pharmacological function of HNG in diabetic cardiomyopathy has not yet been reported. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of HNG against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced cardiac dysfunction in diabetic mice. Myocardial hypertrophy in diabetic mice was determined using Wheat Gem Agglutinin (WGA) staining. The heart function was measured with Echocardiographic imaging. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) proteins in plasma were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Protein expression of Phosphorylated p38/p38 was determined using western blots. We found that HNG treatment attenuated the STZ-induced myocardial hypertrophy and significantly improved heart function. Also, its treatment proved effective as it reduced the levels of several myocardial injury indicators, including creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and both the cardiac and plasma levels of TNF-α and IL-6, highlighting its effect on the STZ-induced myocardial injury. Lastly, HNG suppressed the activation of the p38/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. S14G humanin possesses protective effects against streptozotocin-induced cardiac dysfunction through inhibiting the activation of the p38/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopan Chen
- Department Of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Chuan Yun
- Department Of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Hailong Zheng
- Department Of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department Of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Qianfei Han
- Department Of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Hua Pan
- Department Of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department Of Cardiology, Affiliated Haikou Hospital Of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jianghua Zhong
- Department Of Cardiology, Affiliated Haikou Hospital Of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
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