1
|
Samei M, Dowlatkhahi N, Boozari M, Hosseinzadeh H. Can daily consumption of enriched fatty acids diet be effective in improving metabolic syndrome? An attractive paradox for walnut kernel. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:2311-2333. [PMID: 38628188 PMCID: PMC11016402 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Imagine consuming a daily diet rich in fatty acids to help treat diseases such as hypertension and obesity. This concept presents an attractive paradox. In particular, consuming walnut kernels is beneficial for treating diseases associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Different parts of the Juglans regia tree (family Juglandaceae), including its leaves, green husks, bark, and septum, have shown promising effects on pathological conditions related to MetS. The therapeutic advantages of consuming walnut kernels for MetS can be attributed to the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenolic compounds such as juglone and ellagic acid. Diets enriched with walnut kernel have a positive impact on MetS complications by reducing diastolic blood pressure, improving blood lipid profiles, lowering fasting blood sugar levels, and increasing insulin sensitivity. The potential cellular mechanisms responsible for these benefits involve activating the cholesterol hemostasis pathway by inhibiting sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP). Furthermore, other by-products of walnuts, such as leaves and green husks, have also demonstrated effectiveness in managing MetS. These findings highlight the potential of incorporating walnut-based products into our diets as a natural approach to combating MetS and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melika Samei
- School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Motahareh Boozari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhan Y, Ma M, Chen Z, Ma A, Li S, Xia J, Jia Y. A Review on Extracts, Chemical Composition and Product Development of Walnut Diaphragma Juglandis Fructus. Foods 2023; 12:3379. [PMID: 37761088 PMCID: PMC10529104 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Walnuts are one of the world's most important nut species and are popular for their high nutritional value, but the processing of walnuts produces numerous by-products. Among them, Diaphragma Juglandis Fructus has attracted the attention of researchers due to its complex chemical composition and diverse bioactivities. However, comprehensive reviews of extract activity and mechanistic studies, chemical composition functionality, and product types are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this review is to analyze the extracts, chemical composition, and product development of Diaphragma Juglandis Fructus. Conclusions: For extracts, the biological activities of aqueous and ethanol extracts have been studied more extensively than those of methanol extracts, but almost all of the studies have been based on crude extracts, with fewer explorations of their mechanisms. For chemical composition, the bioactivities of polyphenols and polysaccharides were more intensively studied, while other chemical constituents were at the stage of content determination. For product development, walnuts are mainly used in food and medicine, but the product range is limited. In the future, research on the bioactivity and related mechanisms of Diaphragma Juglandis Fructus can be further expanded to improve its value as a potential natural plant resource applied in multiple industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanrong Zhan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.Z.); (M.M.); (Z.C.); (A.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Mengge Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.Z.); (M.M.); (Z.C.); (A.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Zhou Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.Z.); (M.M.); (Z.C.); (A.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Aijin Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.Z.); (M.M.); (Z.C.); (A.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Siting Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.Z.); (M.M.); (Z.C.); (A.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Junxia Xia
- Hebei Yangyuan ZhiHui Beverage Co., Ltd., Hengshui 053000, China;
- Institution of Chinese Walnut Industry, Hengshui 053000, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Walnut Nutritional Function and Processing Technology, Hengshui 053000, China
| | - Yingmin Jia
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.Z.); (M.M.); (Z.C.); (A.M.); (S.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shegebayev Z, Turgumbayeva A, Datkhayev U, Zhakipbekov K, Kalykova A, Kartbayeva E, Beyatli A, Tastambek K, Altynbayeva G, Dilbarkhanov B, Akhelova A, Anarbayeva R, Orynbassarova K. Pharmacological Properties of Four Plant Species of the Genus Anabasis, Amaranthaceae. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114454. [PMID: 37298930 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Anabasis is a member of the family Amaranthaceae (former name: Chenopodiaceae) and includes approximately 102 genera and 1400 species. The genus Anabasis is one of the most significant families in salt marshes, semi-deserts, and other harsh environments. They are also renowned for their abundance in bioactive compounds, including sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes, saponins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and betalain pigments. Since ancient times, these plants have been used to treat various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases and are used as an antirheumatic and diuretic. At the same time, the genus Anabasis is very rich in biologically active secondary metabolites that exhibit great pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antiangiogenic, antiulcer, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, etc. All of the listed pharmacological activities have been studied in practice by scientists from different countries and are presented in this review article to familiarize the entire scientific community with the results of these studies, as well as to explore the possibilities of using four plant species of the genus Anabasis as medicinal raw materials and developing medicines based on them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanybek Shegebayev
- School of Pharmacy, JSC "S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University", Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
| | - Aknur Turgumbayeva
- Higher School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Ubaidilla Datkhayev
- School of Pharmacy, JSC "S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University", Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
| | - Kairat Zhakipbekov
- School of Pharmacy, JSC "S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University", Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
| | - Assem Kalykova
- Higher School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Elmira Kartbayeva
- Higher School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Ahmet Beyatli
- Departament of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34668, Turkey
| | - Kuanysh Tastambek
- Higher School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Ecology Research Institute, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan 161200, Kazakhstan
- Department of Biotechnology, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent 160012, Kazakhstan
| | - Gulmira Altynbayeva
- Neonatology and Neonatal Surgery Department, JSC "Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery", Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Bassymbek Dilbarkhanov
- School of Pharmacy, JSC "S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University", Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
| | - Aiman Akhelova
- School of Pharmacy, JSC "S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University", Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Berganayeva G, Kudaibergenova B, Litvinenko Y, Nazarova I, Sydykbayeva S, Vassilina G, Izdik N, Dyusebaeva M. Medicinal Plants of the Flora of Kazakhstan Used in the Treatment of Skin Diseases. Molecules 2023; 28:4192. [PMID: 37241933 PMCID: PMC10221907 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin shows the physiological condition of the body's organs and systems that prevent infections and physical damage. Throughout the ages, in folk medicine, phytotherapy was considered a primary form of treatment in all countries, including Kazakhstan, due to the abundance and availability of plant-based remedies. This paper discusses several medicinal plants that are traditionally used in the treatment of skin diseases in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The chemical composition of these plants was analyzed, with a particular focus on the biologically active basic compounds responsible for their therapeutic efficiency in treating skin ailments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulzat Berganayeva
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| | - Bates Kudaibergenova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| | - Yuliya Litvinenko
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| | - Irada Nazarova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| | - Sandugash Sydykbayeva
- Higher School of Natural Sciences, Zhetysu University named after Ilyas Zhansugurov, 187A, Taldykorgan 040000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Gulzira Vassilina
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| | - Nazerke Izdik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| | - Moldyr Dyusebaeva
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050042, Kazakhstan; (G.B.); (B.K.); (Y.L.); (I.N.); (G.V.); (N.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Saidi S, Remok F, Handaq N, Drioiche A, Gourich AA, Menyiy NE, Amalich S, Elouardi M, Touijer H, Bouhrim M, Bouissane L, Nafidi HA, Bin Jardan YA, Bourhia M, Zair T. Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antidiabetic Activities of Ajuga iva (L.). Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051165. [PMID: 37240812 DOI: 10.3390/life13051165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In Morocco, many applications in ethnomedicine on Ajuga iva (L.) have been recognized as able to treat various pathologies such as diabetes, stress, and microbial infections. The objective of this work is to carry out phytochemical, biological, and pharmacological investigations on the extracts of Ajuga iva leaves in order to confirm its therapeutic effects. The phytochemical screening carried out on the different extracts of Ajuga iva showed its richness in primary (lipids and proteins) and secondary metabolites (flavonoids, tannins, reducing compounds, oses, and holoside. The best contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins evaluated by spectrophotometric methods were found in the hydroethanolic extract (69.850 ± 2.783 mg EAG/g DE, 17.127 ± 0.474 mg EQ/g DE, 5.566 ± 0.000 mg EQC/g DE), respectively. Analysis of the chemical composition of the aqueous extract by LC/UV/MS revealed 32 polyphenolic compounds including ferulic acid (19.06%), quercetin (10.19%), coumaric acid (9.63%), and apigenin-7-(2-O-apiosylglucoside) (6.8%). The antioxidant activity of Ajuga iva extracts was evaluated by three methods (DPPH*, FRAP, CAT). The hydroethanolic extract recorded the strongest reducing power: DPPH* (IC50 = 59.92 ± 0.7 µg/mL), FRAP (EC50 = 196.85 ± 1.54 (µg/mL), and CAT (199.21 ± 0.37 mg EAG/gE). A strong correlation between phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities was confirmed by the determination of Pearson's coefficient. The antimicrobial activity of Ajuga iva studied by the microtiter method revealed potent antifungal and antibacterial qualities against Candida parapsilosis and Staphylococcus aureus BLACT. An in vivo oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using normal rats revealed that the antihyperglycemic action of the aqueous extract significantly reduced postprandial hyperglycaemia at (30 min, p < 0.01) and area under the curve (AUC glucose), p < 0.01. Similarly, the aqueous extract, tested on pancreatic α-amylase enzyme activity in vitro and in vivo significantly inhibited pancreatic α-amylase activity with IC50 = 1.52 ± 0.03 mg/mL. In conclusion, the extract from Ajuga iva could be a good source of bioactive molecules, which exhibit potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, as well as strong antidiabetic activity, for applications in the pharmaceutical industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Saidi
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Faculty of Science and Technologies, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Firdaous Remok
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Nadia Handaq
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
- Plant Valorization and Protection Research Team, Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Sustainable Development, Higher Normal School of Tetouan, Abdelmaek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Aziz Drioiche
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Aman Allah Gourich
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco
| | - Smail Amalich
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Elouardi
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Hanane Touijer
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bouhrim
- Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Team of Functional and Pathological Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Beni Mellal, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Latifa Bouissane
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Faculty of Science and Technologies, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Hiba-Allah Nafidi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Yousef A Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Laayoune 70000, Morocco
| | - Touriya Zair
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mateș L, Rusu ME, Popa DS. Phytochemicals and Biological Activities of Walnut Septum: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030604. [PMID: 36978850 PMCID: PMC10045788 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, scientific evidence has stressed the importance of plants in the prevention and/or supportive treatment of a plethora of diseases, many of them chronic, age-associated disorders. Juglans regia L. is a traditional plant that has been integrated into traditional medicine since ancient times. Due to the presence of biologically active compounds, walnut was used in the treatment of various maladies. Recently, investigations have focused on the walnut by-products and waste products, with research on their valuable constituents and active properties. Among these secondary products, walnut septum was analyzed in several studies, its phytochemical profile described, and some of the biological activities examined. However, compared to other walnut by-products, no comprehensive review to gather all the pertinent scientific knowledge was found in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to critically assess the information furnished by peer-reviewed articles regarding the walnut septum chemical composition and the related biological activities, including antioxidant activities, anti-inflammatory effects, antimicrobial properties, antidiabetic activities, anti-tumor properties, and anti-aging potential. In conclusion, as these preclinical studies showed that walnut septum metabolites were responsible for a wide range of preventive and therapeutic uses, further research should confirm the beneficial outcomes in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letiția Mateș
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marius Emil Rusu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-264-450-555
| | - Daniela-Saveta Popa
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bourais I, Elmarrkechy S, Taha D, Badaoui B, Mourabit Y, Salhi N, Alshahrani MM, Al Awadh AA, Bouyahya A, Goh KW, Tan CS, El Hajjaji S, Dakka N, Iba N. Comparative Investigation of Chemical Constituents of Kernels, Leaves, Husk, and Bark of Juglans regia L., Using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS Analysis and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248989. [PMID: 36558122 PMCID: PMC9788639 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaves, husk, kernels, and bark methanolic extracts of Juglans regia L. were tested for their in vitro antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. For these purposes, α-amylase and α-glucosidase were used as the main enzymes to evaluate antidiabetic activities. Moreover, lipoxidase and tyrosinase activities were tested to estimate anti-inflammatory properties. Antioxidant properties of Juglans regia L., extracts were determined using three different assays. Leaves extract has an important radical scavenging activity and a-amylase inhibition. Similarly, husk extracts showed high total phenolic content (306.36 ± 4.74 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry extract) with an important α-amylase inhibition (IC50 = 75.42 ± 0.99 µg/mL). Kernels exhibit significant tyrosinase (IC50 = 51.38 ± 0.81 µg/mL) correlated with antioxidant activities (p < 0.05). Husk and bark extracts also showed strong anti-lipoxidase activities with IC50 equal to 29.48 ± 0.28 and 28.58 ± 0.35 µg/mL, respectively. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS analysis highlights the phenolic profile of methanolic extracts of Juglans regia L. plant parts. The identified polyphenols were known for their antioxidant, antidiabetic (dicaffeoyl-quinic acid glycoside in kernels), and anti-inflammatory (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid in leaves) activities. Further investigations are needed to determine molecular mechanisms involved in these effects as well as to study the properties of the main identified compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilhame Bourais
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 1014, Morocco
- Correspondence: (I.B.); (A.B.); (K.W.G.); (C.S.T.)
| | - Salma Elmarrkechy
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 1014, Morocco
| | - Douae Taha
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 1014, Morocco
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 1014, Morocco
| | - Bouabid Badaoui
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité, Ecologie et Génome, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat BP 1014, Morocco
| | - Yassine Mourabit
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 1014, Morocco
| | - Najoua Salhi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat BP 10100, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Merae Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdullah Al Awadh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 1014, Morocco
- Correspondence: (I.B.); (A.B.); (K.W.G.); (C.S.T.)
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (I.B.); (A.B.); (K.W.G.); (C.S.T.)
| | - Ching Siang Tan
- School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (I.B.); (A.B.); (K.W.G.); (C.S.T.)
| | - Souad El Hajjaji
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 1014, Morocco
| | - Nadia Dakka
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 1014, Morocco
| | - Naima Iba
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 1014, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
In Vitro Antimitotic and Hypoglycemic Effect Study and Acute Toxicity Assessment of the Aqueous and Organic Extracts of Chamaerops humilis L. var. argentea Andre. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4303506. [PMID: 36277886 PMCID: PMC9586795 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4303506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background. Chamaerops humilis L. var. argentea Andre is a plant widely spread in the region of Taza (North-East of Morocco); it is used in traditional phytotherapy against cancer, diabetes, inflammations, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and for the treatment of digestive disorders. Objective and Methods. The objective of our work is to contribute firstly, to the study of the in vitro antimitotic potential by the phytotest of Lepidium sativum and the evaluation of the in vitro antidiabetic activity of three enzymes (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and β-galactosidase) on nine aqueous and organic extracts prepared from the leaves of Chamaerops humilis. In addition, a correlation study was carried out on the chemical composition and the antimitotic and antidiabetic activities of Chamaerops humilis leaves. Then, we tested the acute toxicity of the decocted extract and the ethanolic extract. Results. The results of the antimitotic activity showed that the decocted extract showed a higher inhibitory activity than the other aqueous extracts (IC50 = 9.624 × 103 ± 95.97 μg/mL); for the organic extracts, the ethanolic extract and ethanolic macerated expressed the highest values for the cell growth inhibition test with an IC50 of 5.638 × 103 ± 22.61 and 5.599 × 103 ± 45.51 μg/mL with statistically nonsignificant difference. Regarding the antidiabetic activity, the decocted showed a higher inhibitory activity than the other aqueous extracts for α-amylase (IC50 = 1.781 · 105 ± 358.30 μg/mL), α-glucosidase (2.540 × 102 ± 3.14 μg/mL), and β-galactosidase (7.118 × 102 ± 16.13 μg/mL); the ethanolic extract also revealed the highest inhibitory activity for α-amylase (IC50 = 8.902 × 103 ± 57.81 μg/mL), α-glucosidase (2.216 × 102 ± 1.39 μg/mL), and β-galactosidase (2.003 × 102 ± 7.41 μg/mL). A strong correlation was recorded between the antimitic activity and the inhibitory capacity of β-galactosidase and between these two activities and the chemical composition of Chamaerops humilis leaves. The acute toxicity study showed that the decocted and the ethanolic extract are weakly toxic with an LD50 greater than or equal to 5000 mg/kg. Conclusion. Chamaerops humilis could become a good source in traditional herbal medicine.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ethnopharmacological Survey, Mineral and Chemical Content, In Vitro Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activities of Aqueous and Organic Extracts of Chamaerops humilis L. var. argentea Andre Leaves. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1091247. [PMID: 36033551 PMCID: PMC9410792 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1091247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Introduction. The present study is carried out for the first time on Chamaerops humilis L. var. argentea Andre from the region of Taza using an ethnopharmacological survey, an experimental study of the mineralogical and chemical compositions, and evaluations of the antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Methods. After conducting the ethnopharmacological survey, a mineralogical and phytochemical study involving the preparation of aqueous and organic extracts was done. Essential oils were also extracted by hydrodistillation. Subsequently, qualitative and quantitative chemical analyses were performed. In vitro evaluation of antioxidant activities was performed by five tests (H2O2, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and RP) and antibacterial activities by the disc method and determination of MIC and MBC. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to visualize the different correlations. Results. The different parts of the plant are used for the treatment of digestive disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. In addition, the leaves are rich in mineral compounds, catechic tannins, flavonoids, and sterols. However, they have some traces of essential oils. The quantitative analysis revealed that the ethanolic macerated had a higher content of total polyphenols (
EAG/g E) and catechic tannins (
EC/g E). This extract had a strong antioxidant capacity (H2O2 (
), DPPH (
), ABTS (
E AA/g E), FRAP (
E T/g E), and RP (
E AA/g E). The same extract had a bactericidal effect against Staphylococcus aureus. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that antioxidant activity was highly correlated with the chemical composition of C. humilis leaves; a high correlation was recorded between the total polyphenol content and ABTS (
), FRAP (
), DPPH (
), and PR (
) tests. In addition, cathectic tannins were highly correlated with the tests of DPPH (
) and ABTS (
). Flavonoids were similarly correlated with DPPH (
) and ABTS (
) tests. Conclusion. These results could justify the traditional use of the leaves of Chamaerops humilis in the region of Taza for the treatment of some diseases.
Collapse
|
10
|
Mineral Composition, Phenolic Content, and In Vitro Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous and Organic Extracts of Haloxylon scoparium Aerial Parts. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9011168. [PMID: 34691229 PMCID: PMC8531785 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9011168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Haloxylon scoparium is a plant widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. Hence, this study focuses on the mineralogical and chemical composition and evaluation of the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of the aerial part of this species. The mineralogical analysis was done by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The phytochemical study consisted in the preparation of different extracts from the aerial part by aqueous and organic extraction using Soxhlet and cold maceration. Then, phytochemical screening was performed on the plant powder and on the extracts, which is completed by spectrophotometric quantification of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and catechic tannins. The evaluation of antidiabetic activity was done by three enzymes: a-amylase, a-glucosidase, and ß-galactosidase, and that of antioxidant activity was done by five methods: H2O2, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and reducing power (RP). Mineralogical analysis revealed the presence of iron, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, copper, calcium, strontium, selenium, and zinc. The studied part is rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, catechic tannins, and saponins. The methanolic extract is rich in total polyphenols (161.65 ± 1.52 Ug EAG/mg E), and the ethyl acetate extract has high levels of catechic tannins (23.69 ± 0.6 Ug EC/mg E). In addition, the decoctate expresses a high flavonoid content of 306.59 ± 4.35 Ug EQ/mg E. The in vitro evaluation of the antidiabetic activity showed that the decoctate has a higher inhibitory capacity on a-glucosidase (IC50 = 181.7 ± 21.15 ug/mL) than acarbose (IC50 = 195 ± 6.12 ug/mL). The results of the antioxidant activity showed that the methanolic extract and the decoctate present a percentage of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging (20.91 ± 0.27 and 16.21 ± 0.39%) higher than that of ascorbic acid (14.35 ± 0.002%). Positive correlations obtained between the total polyphenol content and the antioxidant activity of the extracts were studied. A positive correlation of a-amylase inhibitory activity was also recorded with the antioxidant activity tests.
Collapse
|