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Bonacini M, Ferrigno I, Rossi A, Facciolongo N, Massari M, Corsini R, Galli V, Zerbini A, Salvarani C, Croci S. Comparable cytokine release ex-vivo by whole blood from COVID-19 patients with and without non-invasive ventilation. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152755. [PMID: 38570901 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
T cells are key players in the resolution of the infection by SARS-CoV-2. A delay in their activation can lead to severe COVID-19. The present work aimed to identify differences in cytokine release by T cells ex-vivo between COVID-19 patients in the acute phase, showing diverse disease severity. Concentrations of IFNγ, Granzyme B, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-18, IP-10, MCP-1, and TNFα were evaluated after stimulation ex-vivo of whole blood samples with peptides from SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and a mitogen as well as without stimulation. Samples derived from hospitalized COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated controls (CTR). Patients were classified on disease severity considering the necessity of non-invasive ventilation (NIV). Samples from patients requiring NIV revealed a similar release of cytokines compared with patients without NIV. COVID-19 patients showed higher spontaneous production of IFNγ and IP-10, lower production of MCP-1 after SARS-CoV-2 peptide stimulation and lower production of IFNγ, IL-10, IL-17A, Granzyme B, IP-10 after mitogenic stimulus compared with CTR. In conclusion, differences in T cell responses evaluated ex-vivo by a whole blood-based cytokine release assay do not appear to explain the need for non-invasive ventilation in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Bonacini
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Ferrigno
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy; Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rossi
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Nicola Facciolongo
- Pulmonology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Marco Massari
- Infectious Disease Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Romina Corsini
- Infectious Disease Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Veronica Galli
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zerbini
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Carlo Salvarani
- Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy; Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Croci
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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Assessing T-Cell Immunity in Kidney Transplant Recipients with Absent Antibody Production after a 3rd Dose of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012333. [PMID: 36293190 PMCID: PMC9604095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The vulnerable population of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are low responders to COVID-19 vaccines, so specific immune surveillance is needed. The interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release assay (IGRA) is effective in assessing T cell-mediated immunity. We assessed SARS-CoV-2-directed T cell responses in KTRs with absent antibody production after a third dose of the mRNA-1273 vaccine, using two different IGRAs. A cohort of 57 KTRs, who were actively followed up, received a third dose of the mRNA-1273 vaccine. After the evaluation of humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2, 14 seronegative patients were tested with two commercial IGRAs (SD Biosensor and Euroimmun). Out of 14 patients, one and three samples were positive by IGRAs with Euroimmun and SD Biosensor, respectively. The overall agreement between the two assays was 85.7% (κ = 0.444). In addition, multivariate linear regression analysis showed no statistically significant association between the IFN-γ concentration, and the independent variables analyzed (age, gender, years since transplant, total lymphocytes cells/mcl, CD3+ cells/mcl, CD3+ CD4+ cells/mcl, CD3+ CD8+ cells/mcl, CD19+ cells/mcl, CD3-CD16+CD56+ cells/mcl) (p > 0.01). In a vulnerable setting, assessing cellular immune response to complement the humoral response may be advantageous. Since the two commercial IGRAs showed a good agreement on negative samples, the three discordant samples highlight the need for further investigations.
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Parshina E, Zulkarnaev A, Tolkach A, Ivanov A, Kislyy P, Gaipov A. Patients receiving hemodialysis do not lose SARS-CoV-2 antibodies more rapidly than non-renal controls: a prospective cohort study. Ren Fail 2022; 44:392-398. [PMID: 35220855 PMCID: PMC8890585 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2042310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Method Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Parshina
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Saint-Petersburg State University Hospital, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey Zulkarnaev
- Surgical Department of Transplantology and Dialysis, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute ("MONIKI"), Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Tolkach
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Saint-Petersburg State University Hospital, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Ivanov
- Human Genetics Department, Saint Petersburg State University Hospital, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel Kislyy
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Saint-Petersburg State University Hospital, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Abduzhappar Gaipov
- Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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Imeneo A, Alessio G, Di Lorenzo A, Campogiani L, Lodi A, Barreca F, Zordan M, Barchi V, Massa B, Tedde S, Crea A, Vitale P, Spalliera I, Compagno M, Coppola L, Dori L, Malagnino V, Teti E, Andreoni M, Sarmati L, Iannetta M. In Patients with Severe COVID-19, the Profound Decrease in the Peripheral Blood T-Cell Subsets Is Correlated with an Increase of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus Indeterminate Rates and Reflecting a Reduced Interferon-Gamma Production. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020244. [PMID: 35207531 PMCID: PMC8880410 DOI: 10.3390/life12020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased rates of indeterminate QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus Assay (QFT-Plus) were demonstrated in patients hospitalized with Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19. We aimed to define the prevalence and characteristics of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with indeterminate QFT-Plus. A retrospective study was performed including hospitalized COVID-19 patients, stratified in survivors and non-survivors, non-severe and severe according to the maximal oxygen supply required. Statistical analysis was performed using JASP ver0.14.1 and GraphPad Prism ver8.2.1. A total of 420 patients were included, median age: 65 years, males: 66.4%. The QFT-Plus was indeterminate in 22.1% of patients. Increased rate of indeterminate QFT-Plus was found in non-survivors (p = 0.013) and in severe COVID-19 patients (p < 0.001). Considering the Mitogen-Nil condition of the QFT-Plus, an impaired production of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) was found in non-survivors (p < 0.001) and in severe COVID-19 patients (p < 0.001). A positive correlation between IFN-γ levels in the Mitogen-Nil condition and the absolute counts of CD3+ (p < 0.001), CD4+ (p < 0.001), and CD8+ (p < 0.001) T-lymphocytes was found. At the multivariable analysis, CD3+ T-cell absolute counts and CD4/CD8 ratio were confirmed as independent predictors of indeterminate results at the QFT-Plus. Our study confirmed the increased rate of indeterminate QFT-Plus in COVID-19 patients, mainly depending on the peripheral blood T-lymphocyte depletion found in the most severe cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Imeneo
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Grazia Alessio
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Andrea Di Lorenzo
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Laura Campogiani
- Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (P.V.); (I.S.); (M.C.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Alessandra Lodi
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Filippo Barreca
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Marta Zordan
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Virginia Barchi
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Barbara Massa
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Simona Tedde
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Angela Crea
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Pietro Vitale
- Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (P.V.); (I.S.); (M.C.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Ilaria Spalliera
- Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (P.V.); (I.S.); (M.C.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Mirko Compagno
- Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (P.V.); (I.S.); (M.C.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Luigi Coppola
- Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (P.V.); (I.S.); (M.C.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Luca Dori
- Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (P.V.); (I.S.); (M.C.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Vincenzo Malagnino
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
- Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (P.V.); (I.S.); (M.C.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Elisabetta Teti
- Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (P.V.); (I.S.); (M.C.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Massimo Andreoni
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
- Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (P.V.); (I.S.); (M.C.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Loredana Sarmati
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
- Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (P.V.); (I.S.); (M.C.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Marco Iannetta
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.I.); (G.A.); (A.D.L.); (A.L.); (F.B.); (M.Z.); (V.B.); (B.M.); (S.T.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (M.A.); (L.S.)
- Infectious Disease Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (P.V.); (I.S.); (M.C.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (E.T.)
- Correspondence:
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