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Sutkowy P, Modrzejewska M, Porzych M, Woźniak A. The Current State of Knowledge Regarding the Genetic Predisposition to Sports and Its Health Implications in the Context of the Redox Balance, Especially Antioxidant Capacity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6915. [PMID: 39000024 PMCID: PMC11240945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The significance of physical activity in sports is self-evident. However, its importance is becoming increasingly apparent in the context of public health. The constant desire to improve health and performance suggests looking at genetic predispositions. The knowledge of genes related to physical performance can be utilized initially in the training of athletes to assign them to the appropriate sport. In the field of medicine, this knowledge may be more effectively utilized in the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic diseases. Physical exertion engages the entire organism, and at a basic physiological level, the organism's responses are primarily related to oxidant and antioxidant reactions due to intensified cellular respiration. Therefore, the modifications involve the body adjusting to the stresses, especially oxidative stress. The consequence of regular exercise is primarily an increase in antioxidant capacity. Among the genes considered, those that promote oxidative processes dominate, as they are associated with energy production during exercise. What is missing, however, is a look at the other side of the coin, which, in this case, is antioxidant processes and the genes associated with them. It has been demonstrated that antioxidant genes associated with increased physical performance do not always result in increased antioxidant capacity. Nevertheless, it seems that maintaining the oxidant-antioxidant balance is the most important thing in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Sutkowy
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Martyna Modrzejewska
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Marta Porzych
- Student Research Club of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.S.); (M.M.)
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Laskin GR, Rentería LI, Muller-Delp JM, Kim JS, Chase PB, Hwang HS, Gordon BS. Short-term aerobic exercise prevents development of glucocorticoid myopathic features in aged skeletal muscle in a sex-dependent manner. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38861348 DOI: 10.1113/jp286334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Older adults are vulnerable to glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy and weakness, with sex potentially influencing their susceptibility to those effects. Aerobic exercise can reduce glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy in young rodents. However, it is unknown whether aerobic exercise can prevent glucocorticoid myopathy in aged muscle. The objectives of this study were to define the extent to which sex influences the development of glucocorticoid myopathy in aged muscle, and to determine the extent to which aerobic exercise training protects against myopathy development. Twenty-four-month-old female (n = 30) and male (n = 33) mice were randomized to either sedentary or aerobic exercise groups. Within their respective groups, mice were randomized to either daily treatment with dexamethasone (DEX) or saline. Upon completing treatments, the contractile properties of the triceps surae complex were assessed in situ. DEX marginally lowered muscle mass and soluble protein content in both sexes, which was attenuated by aerobic exercise only in females. DEX increased sub-tetanic force and rate of force development only in females, which was not influenced by aerobic exercise. Muscle fatigue was higher in both sexes following DEX, but aerobic exercise prevented fatigue induction only in females. The sex-specific differences to muscle function in response to DEX treatment coincided with sex-specific changes to the content of proteins related to calcium handling, mitochondrial quality control, reactive oxygen species production, and glucocorticoid receptor in muscle. These findings define several important sexually dimorphic changes to aged skeletal muscle physiology in response to glucocorticoid treatment and define the capacity of short-term aerobic exercise to protect against those changes. KEY POINTS: There are sexually dimorphic effects of glucocorticoids on aged skeletal muscle physiology. Glucocorticoid-induced changes to aged muscle contractile properties coincide with sex-specific differences in the content of calcium handling proteins. Aerobic exercise prevents glucocorticoid-induced fatigue only in aged females and coincides with differences in the content of mitochondrial quality control proteins and glucocorticoid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant R Laskin
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Liliana I Rentería
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Judy M Muller-Delp
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Jeong-Su Kim
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - P Bryant Chase
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Hyun Seok Hwang
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Bradley S Gordon
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
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Naser H, Munn K, Lawrence R, Wright R, Grewal E, Williams L, Doak S, Jenkins G. Human plasma can modulate micronucleus frequency in TK6 and OE33 cells in vitro. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2024; 896:503766. [PMID: 38821668 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2024.503766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we studied the potential genotoxic effects of human plasma from healthy volunteers, as well as patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, Barrett's oesophagus (BO) and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) using the oesophageal adenocarcinoma cell line (OE33) and the lymphoblastoid cell line (TK6). Both TK6 and OE33 cells were treated with plasma (10 % volume, replacing foetal bovine serum (FBS) or horse serum (HS)) at different time points of 4 h (for the micronucleus (Mn) assay and the invasion assay) and 24 h (for the cell cycle studies). Plasma-induced effects on DNA damage levels, cell viability and the cell cycle were studied by the micronucleus assay, cytokinesis block proliferation index (CBPI) and flow cytometry respectively. The expression of IL-8 in supernatants of TK6 cells and IFN-β in OE33 cells was also analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Finally, we carried out an assessment of cellular invasion of OE33 cells following plasma treatment. The results of the micronucleus assay confirmed the genotoxicity of direct plasma treatment from some participants through the increase in DNA damage in TK6 cells. Conversely, some individual patient plasma samples reduced background levels of TK6 cell Mn frequency, in an anti-genotoxic fashion. In TK6 cells, (on average) plasma samples from patients with Barrett's oesophagus induced higher micronucleus levels than healthy volunteers (p= 0.0019). There was little difference in Mn induction when using plasma versus serum to treat the cells in vitro. Cell cycle results showed that direct plasma treatment had a marked impact on OE33 cells at 24 h (p=0.0182 for BO and p=0.0320 for OAC) by decreasing the proportion of cells in the S phase, while plasma exposure was less impactful on the cell cycle of TK6 cells. Invasion of OE33 cells was also seen to be non-significantly affected by plasma treatment of OE33 cells. The addition of N-acetyl cysteine NAC in a dose-dependent matter did not alter the formation of Mn in TK6 cells, suggesting that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are not the root cause of plasma's genotoxicity. The concentration of IL-8 in TK6 cells and IFN-β in OE33 cells was significantly higher in cells treated with OAC-derived plasma than in the untreated negative control. Collectively, our results demonstrate that plasma-specific effects are detectable which helps us better understand some important aspects of the biology of blood-based biomarkers under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamsa Naser
- Institute of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
| | - Kathryn Munn
- Institute of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Rachel Lawrence
- Barts Cancer Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M6AU, UK
| | - Rhiannon Wright
- Institute of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Ethan Grewal
- Institute of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Lisa Williams
- Department of Gastroenterology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Sketty Lane, Swansea SA28QA, UK
| | - Shareen Doak
- Institute of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Gareth Jenkins
- Institute of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
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Huang T, Li H, Chen X, Chen D, Yu B, He J, Luo Y, Yan H, Zheng P, Yu J, Huang Z. Dietary Ferulic Acid Increases Endurance Capacity by Promoting Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Phenotype, Mitochondrial Function, and Antioxidant Capacity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2200719. [PMID: 38193241 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Endurance capacity is essential for endurance athletes' achievement and individuals' health. Nutritional supplements are a proven way to enhance endurance capacity. Previous studies have shown that ferulic acid (FA) enhances endurance capacity, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. The study is aimed to investigate the mechanism by which FA increases endurance capacity. METHODS AND RESULTS Forty mice are divided into control and 0.5% FA-supplemented groups, and an exhaustive swimming test demonstrates increased endurance capacity with FA supplementation. This study investigates the underlying mechanism for this effect of FA. Firstly, RT-PCR and western blot analysis find that FA increases the transformation from fast to slow muscle fiber. Additionally, adenosine triphosphate concentration, metabolic enzyme activity, and mitochondrial DNA analysis find that FA increases mitochondrial biogenesis and activates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF)1 signaling pathway in muscle. Besides, through antioxidant capacity analysis, this study finds that FA activates NRF2 signaling pathway and improves the antioxidant capacity in muscle. Moreover, inhibiting NRF2 eliminates FA's effect on muscle fiber transformation in C2C12 cells. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that FA increases endurance capacity by promoting skeletal muscle oxidative phenotype, mitochondrial function, and antioxidant capacity, which may be related to the NRF1 and NRF2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengteng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Huawei Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
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Zhang S, Sun Y, Wang J, Lu Y, Yuan H, Zong Y, Zhu H, Tang Y, Sun Y, Zheng F, Li Y. Shuyu decoction exhibits anti-fatigue properties via alleviating exercise-induced immune dysfunction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117259. [PMID: 37783410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shuyu decoction (SYD), an effective traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been widely used for treating deficiency-related diseases for thousands of years. Meanwhile, exercise-induced fatigue (EF), a common physiological phenomenon observed in physical training, has been treated as a deficient condition in TCM for decades. Currently, not many studies have been conducted on the effect of SYD on EF and little is known about its underlying pharmacological mechanism. AIM OF THE STUDY This current study was designed to assess the anti-fatigue roles of SYD and explore its effect on exercise-induced immune dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control (NC) group, model (M) group, and SYD group (27.8 g/kg). The M and SYD group were given treadmill training for 6 weeks. From the fourth week, the SYD group was administered SYD intragastrically for 3 consecutive weeks. After three weeks of treatment, the rats were anesthetized, and the blood and spleen tissue samples were dissected. The blood sample was devoted to the blood biochemical-related indicators, which were used to evaluate the anti-fatigue of SYD. The expression of Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-17, CD3+, and CD4+ were detected by ELISA and the level of CD8+ of blood was measured through Flow Cytometry (FC). The histopathological changes of spleen tissue samples were determined by Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and an estimation of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ expression of spleen tissues were calculated through FC. RESULTS Compared with the M group, the SYD group observed an increase in tensile force and the ratio of cortisol to testosterone (TTE/COR), whereas a reduction in the levels of lactic acid (LAC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatine kinase (CK), (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). ELISA experiments showed that SYD reduced the expressions of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, IL-17 and increased the expression of IL-10 (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). In the HE test, SYD treatment transformed the structure of the spleen. FC experiments further showed that SYD increased the expressions of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ in blood and spleen tissues (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that SYD can alleviate EF by improving inflammation and immunity. However, the relationship between inflammatory factors and the related immune response remains to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuemeng Sun
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jiarou Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yixing Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huimin Yuan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yulin Zong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Haoyu Zhu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yang Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Fengjie Zheng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yuhang Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Bhattacharya K, Dey R, Sen D, Paul N, Basak AK, Purkait MP, Shukla N, Chaudhuri GR, Bhattacharya A, Maiti R, Adhikary K, Chatterjee P, Karak P, Syamal AK. Polycystic ovary syndrome and its management: In view of oxidative stress. Biomol Concepts 2024; 15:bmc-2022-0038. [PMID: 38242137 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past two decades, oxidative stress (OS) has drawn a lot of interest due to the revelation that individuals with many persistent disorders including diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), cardiovascular, and other disorders often have aberrant oxidation statuses. OS has a close interplay with PCOS features such as insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and chronic inflammation; there is a belief that OS might contribute to the development of PCOS. PCOS is currently recognized as not only one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders but also a significant contributor to female infertility, affecting a considerable proportion of women globally. Therefore, the understanding of the relationship between OS and PCOS is crucial to the development of therapeutic and preventive strategies for PCOS. Moreover, the mechanistic study of intracellular reactive oxygen species/ reactive nitrogen species formation and its possible interaction with women's reproductive health is required, which includes complex enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. Apart from that, our current review includes possible regulation of the pathogenesis of OS. A change in lifestyle, including physical activity, various supplements that boost antioxidant levels, particularly vitamins, and the usage of medicinal herbs, is thought to be the best way to combat this occurrence of OS and improve the pathophysiologic conditions associated with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Bhattacharya
- School of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Khurda Road, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rajen Dey
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Swami Vivekananda University, Barrackpore, West Bengal, India
| | - Debanjana Sen
- Post-Graduate Department of Physiology, Hooghly Mohsin College, Chinsurah, West-Bengal, India
| | - Nimisha Paul
- Department of General Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Asim Kumar Basak
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Brainware University, Barasat, West-Bengal, India
| | | | - Nandini Shukla
- Department of Anatomy, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Gargi Ray Chaudhuri
- Department of Physiotherapy, Nopany Institute of Health Care Studies, Kolkata, West-Bengal, India
| | - Aniruddha Bhattacharya
- Department of Physiology, International Medical School, Management and Science University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rajkumar Maiti
- Department of Physiology, Bankura Christian College, Bankura, West Bengal, India
| | - Krishnendu Adhikary
- Department of Interdisciplinary Science, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Khurda Road, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Prity Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Paramedical College, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Prithviraj Karak
- Department of Physiology, Bankura Christian College, Bankura, West Bengal, India
| | - Alak Kumar Syamal
- Post-Graduate Department of Physiology, Hooghly Mohsin College, Chinsurah, West-Bengal, India
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Yan M, Zhu H, Luo H, Zhang T, Sun H, Kannan K. Daily Exposure to Environmental Volatile Organic Compounds Triggers Oxidative Damage: Evidence from a Large-Scale Survey in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:20501-20509. [PMID: 38033144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants and have been implicated in adverse health outcomes. In this study, concentrations of 11 VOC metabolites (mVOCs) and three oxidative stress biomarkers (8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-guanosine, and dityrosine) were determined in 205 urine samples collected from 12 cities across mainland China. Urinary ∑11mVOC concentrations ranged from 498 to 1660 ng/mL, with a geometric mean (GM) value of 1070 ng/mL. The factorial analysis revealed that cooking, solvents, and vehicle emissions were the three primary sources of VOC exposure. A significant regional variation was clearly found in ∑11mVOC concentrations across four regions in China, with high urine VOC concentrations found in North and South China (GM: 1450 and 1340 ng/mL). The multiple linear regression model revealed that most mVOCs were significantly positively correlated with three oxidative stress markers (β range: 0.06-0.22). Mixture effect regression showed that isoprene, crotonaldehyde, acrolein, and benzene were the strongest contributors to oxidative stress. Approximately 80% of the participants have HQ values greater than 1.0 for 1,3-butadiene and benzene, suggesting that their exposure doses were close to potential adverse health effects. Our findings provide comprehensive information on human exposure and potential health risks of VOCs in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongkai Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Haining Luo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York 12237, United States
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Hou WQ, Wen DT, Zhong Q, Mo L, Wang S, Yin XY, Ma XF. Physical exercise ameliorates age-related deterioration of skeletal muscle and mortality by activating Pten-related pathways in Drosophila on a high-salt diet. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23304. [PMID: 37971426 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301099r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The phosphatase and tensin congeners (Pten) gene affects cell growth, cell proliferation, and rearrangement of connections, and it is closely related to cellular senescence, but it remains unclear the role of muscle-Pten gene in exercise against age-related deterioration in skeletal muscle and mortality induced by a high-salt diet (HSD). In here, overexpression and knockdown of muscle Pten gene were constructed by building MhcGAL4 /PtenUAS-overexpression and MhcGAL4 /PtenUAS-RNAi system in flies, and flies were given exercise training and a HSD for 2 weeks. The results showed that muscle Pten knockdown significantly reduced the climbing speed, climbing endurance, GPX activity, and the expression of Pten, Sirt1, PGC-1α genes, and it significantly increased the expression of Akt and ROS level, and impaired myofibril and mitochondria of aged skeletal muscle. Pten knockdown prevented exercise from countering the HSD-induced age-related deterioration of skeletal muscle. Pten overexpression has the opposite effect on skeletal muscle aging when compared to it knockdown, and it promoted exercise against HSD-induced age-related deterioration of skeletal muscle. Pten overexpression significantly increased lifespan, but its knockdown significantly decreased lifespan of flies. Thus, current results confirmed that differential expression of muscle Pten gene played an important role in regulating skeletal muscle aging and lifespan, and it also affected the adaptability of aging skeletal muscle to physical exercise since it determined the activity of muscle Pten/Akt pathway and Pten/Sirt1/PGC-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Hou
- Department of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Deng-Tai Wen
- Department of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Lan Mo
- Department of Physical Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Yin
- Department of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xing-Feng Ma
- Department of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai, China
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9
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la Torre ME, Monda A, Messina A, de Stefano MI, Monda V, Moscatelli F, Tafuri F, Saraiello E, Latino F, Monda M, Messina G, Polito R, Tafuri D. The Potential Role of Nutrition in Overtraining Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4916. [PMID: 38068774 PMCID: PMC10708264 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Competition between athletes and an increase in sporting knowledge have greatly influenced training methods while increasing the number of them more and more. As a result, the number of athletes who have increased the number and intensity of their workouts while decreasing recovery times is rising. Positive overtraining could be considered a natural and fundamental process when the result is adaptation and improved performance; however, in the absence of adequate recovery, negative overtraining could occur, causing fatigue, maladaptation, and inertia. One of the earliest forms of fatigue is overreaching. It is considered to be an accumulation of training that leads to reduced sports performance, requiring days or weeks to recover. Overreaching, if followed by adequate recovery, can lead to an increase in athletic performance. Nonetheless, if overreaching becomes extreme, combined with additional stressors, it could lead to overtraining syndrome (OTS). OTS, caused by systemic inflammation, leads to central nervous system (CNS) effects, including depressed mood, further inflammation, central fatigue, and ultimately neurohormonal changes. There are therefore not only physiological, biochemical, and immunological but also psychological symptoms or markers that must be considered, independently or together, being intrinsically linked with overtraining, to fully understand OTS. However, to date, there are very few published studies that have analyzed how nutrition in its specific food aspects, if compromised during OTS, can be both etiology and consequence of the syndrome. To date, OTS has not yet been fully studied, and the topic needs further research. The purpose of this narrative review is therefore to study how a correct diet and nutrition can influence OTS in all its aspects, from prevention to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ester la Torre
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.E.l.T.); (M.I.d.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Antonietta Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, Unit of Dietetics and Sports Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Antonietta Messina
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Ida de Stefano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.E.l.T.); (M.I.d.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Monda
- Department of Economics, Law, Cybersecurity, and Sports Sciences, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.M.); (E.S.); (D.T.)
| | - Fiorenzo Moscatelli
- Department of Human Sciences, Telematic University Pegaso, 80100 Naples, Italy; (F.M.); (F.L.)
| | - Francesco Tafuri
- Heracle Lab Research in Educational Neuroscience, Niccolò Cusano University, 00166 Roma, Italy;
| | - Emma Saraiello
- Department of Economics, Law, Cybersecurity, and Sports Sciences, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.M.); (E.S.); (D.T.)
| | - Francesca Latino
- Department of Human Sciences, Telematic University Pegaso, 80100 Naples, Italy; (F.M.); (F.L.)
| | - Marcellino Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, Unit of Dietetics and Sports Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.E.l.T.); (M.I.d.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Rita Polito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.E.l.T.); (M.I.d.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Domenico Tafuri
- Department of Economics, Law, Cybersecurity, and Sports Sciences, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.M.); (E.S.); (D.T.)
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10
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Ding Y, Xu X. Dose-response relationship between leisure-time physical activity and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in overweight/obese populations. J Sci Med Sport 2023; 26:616-621. [PMID: 37775411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze the dose-response relationship between leisure-time physical activity and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in overweight/obese populations and provide exercise recommendations to regulate inflammation and oxidative stress and reduce the risk of developing obesity-related diseases. DESIGN Second analysis of a cross-sectional study. METHODS A total number of 4978 overweight/obese adults were included from the 2015-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariable regressions were conducted to investigate the dose-response relationship between leisure-time physical activity and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. Subgroup analyses based on the doses and intensities of physical activity and in different participants were performed to provide exercise recommendations. RESULTS The results demonstrated that leisure-time physical activity was negatively associated with inflammatory biomarkers in both overweight and obese populations, and positively associated with antioxidant markers in obese populations. Overweight/obese populations performing leisure-time physical activity at 660-760 min/week (dose calculated as moderate leisure-time physical activity, equals 330-380 min/week vigorous leisure-time physical activity) demonstrated the lowest levels of inflammatory markers. Vigorous leisure-time physical activity was superior to moderate one for overweight/obese populations, especially for inflammation regulation. In addition, the regulatory effect of leisure-time physical activity on inflammation was more significant in overweight/obese populations with hypertension or stroke. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that overweight/obese populations can take vigorous-intensity leisure-time physical activity at 330-380 min/week (for example, 60 min/day, 6 days/week, metabolic equivalent = 8) to get the maximum health benefits in terms of inflammation and oxidative stress regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijian Ding
- Department of Physical Education, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, PR China
| | - Xi Xu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, PR China.
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11
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Mohd Sahardi NFN, Jaafar F, Tan JK, Mad Nordin MF, Makpol S. Elucidating the Pharmacological Properties of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger) on Muscle Ageing by Untargeted Metabolomic Profiling of Human Myoblasts. Nutrients 2023; 15:4520. [PMID: 37960173 PMCID: PMC10648528 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Muscle loss is associated with frailty and a reduction in physical strength and performance, which is caused by increased oxidative stress. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a potential herb that can be used to reduce the level of oxidative stress. This study aimed to determine the effect of ginger on the expression of metabolites and their metabolic pathways in the myoblast cells to elucidate the mechanism involved and its pharmacological properties in promoting myoblast differentiation. (2) Methods: The myoblast cells were cultured into three stages (young, pre-senescent and senescent). At each stage, the myoblasts were treated with different concentrations of ginger extract. Then, metabolomic analysis was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS). (3) Results: Nine metabolites were decreased in both the pre-senescent and senescent control groups as compared to the young control group. For the young ginger-treated group, 8-shogaol and valine were upregulated, whereas adipic acid and bis (4-ethyl benzylidene) sorbitol were decreased. In the pre-senescent ginger-treated group, the niacinamide was upregulated, while carnitine and creatine were downregulated. Ginger treatment in the senescent group caused a significant upregulation in 8-shogaol, octadecanamide and uracil. (4) Conclusions: Ginger extract has the potential as a pharmacological agent to reduce muscle loss in skeletal muscle by triggering changes in some metabolites and their pathways that could promote muscle regeneration in ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Fatin Nabilah Mohd Sahardi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Faizul Jaafar
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Jen Kit Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | | | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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12
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Ye X, Liu R, Qiao Z, Chai X, Wang Y. Integrative profiling of metabolome and transcriptome of skeletal muscle after acute exercise intervention in mice. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1273342. [PMID: 37869715 PMCID: PMC10587468 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1273342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the molecular regulatory mechanisms of acute exercise in the skeletal muscle of mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to the control group, and the exercise group, which were sacrificed immediately after an acute bout of exercise. The study was conducted to investigate the metabolic and transcriptional profiling in the quadriceps muscles of mice. The results demonstrated the identification of 34 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs), with 28 upregulated and 6 downregulated, between the two groups. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that these DEMs were primarily enriched in several, including the citrate cycle, propanoate metabolism, and lysine degradation pathways. In addition, the results showed a total of 245 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 155 genes upregulated and 90 genes downregulated. KEGG analysis indicated that these DEGs were mainly enriched in various pathways such as ubiquitin mediated proteolysis and FoxO signaling pathway. Furthermore, the analysis revealed significant enrichment of DEMs and DEGs in signaling pathways such as protein digestion and absorption, ferroptosis signaling pathway. In summary, the identified multiple metabolic pathways and signaling pathways were involved in the exercise-induced physiological regulation of skeletal muscle, such as the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, protein digestion and absorption, the FoxO signaling pathway, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, ferroptosis signaling pathway, and the upregulation of KLF-15, FoxO1, MAFbx, and MuRF1 expression could play a critical role in enhancing skeletal muscle proteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Ye
- School of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Renyi Liu
- School of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixian Qiao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaocui Chai
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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13
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Rajizadeh M, Hosseini MH, Bahrami M, Hosseini NS, Rostamabadi F, Bagheri F, Khoramipour K, Najafipour H, Bejeshk M. Comparison of preventive and therapeutic effects of continuous exercise on acute lung injury induced with methotrexate. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:1215-1227. [PMID: 37497815 PMCID: PMC10988479 DOI: 10.1113/ep091162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (Mtx) is used to treat various diseases, including cancer, arthritis and other rheumatic diseases. However, it induces oxidative stress and pulmonary inflammation by stimulating production of reactive oxygen species and cytokines. Considering the positive effects of physical activity, our goal was to investigate the preventive and therapeutic role of continuous training (CT) on Mtx-induced lung injury in rats. The rats were divided into five groups of 14 animals: a control group (C); a continuous exercise training group (CT; healthy rats that experienced CT); an acute lung injury with Mtx group (ALI); a pretreatment group with CT (the rats experienced CT before ALI induction), and a post-treatment group with CT (the rats experienced CT after ALI induction). One dose of 20 mg/kg Mtx intraperitoneal was administered in the Mtx and training groups. Forty-eight hours after the last exercise session all rats were sacrificed. According to our results, the levels of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) and caspase-3 in the ALI group significantly increased compared to the control group, and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), interleukin-10 (IL-10), forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3), and T-bet decreased. In contrast, compared to the acute lung injury group, pretreatment and treatment with CT reduced TNF-α, MDA, MPO, GATA3 and caspase-3 and increased SOD, GPX, TAC, IL-10, FOXP3 and T-bet levels. The effects of CT pretreatment were more significant than the effects of CT post-treatment. Continuous exercise training effectively reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines and ameliorated Mtx-induced injury, and the effects of CT pretreatment were more significant than the effects of CT post-treatment. NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? Considering the high prevalence of lung injury in society, does exercise as a non-pharmacological intervention have ameliorating effects on lung injury? What is the main finding and its importance? Exercise can have healing effects on the lung after pulmonary injury through reducing inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Considering the lower side effects of exercise compared to drug treatments, the results of this study may be useful in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad‐Amin Rajizadeh
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Pulmonary PhysiologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Mahdiyeh Haj Hosseini
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Pulmonary PhysiologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Department of Exercise Physiology, Shahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran
| | - Mina Bahrami
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Pulmonary PhysiologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Department of Exercise Physiology, Shahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran
| | - Najmeh Sadat Hosseini
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Pulmonary PhysiologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Department of Exercise Physiology, Shahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran
| | - Fahimeh Rostamabadi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research CenterBam University of Medical Sciences, BamKermanIran
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment of Medical ImmunologyRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Fatemeh Bagheri
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of PathologyAfzalipour School of MedicineKermanIran
- Legal Medicine Research CenterLegal Medicine OrganizationKermanIran
| | - Kayvan Khoramipour
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Hamid Najafipour
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Pulmonary PhysiologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Mohammad‐Abbas Bejeshk
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Pulmonary PhysiologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Student Research CommitteeKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
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14
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Toriumi T, Ohmori H, Nagasaki Y. Design of Antioxidant Nanoparticle, which Selectively Locates and Scavenges Reactive Oxygen Species in the Gastrointestinal Tract, Increasing The Running Time of Mice. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301159. [PMID: 37526346 PMCID: PMC10520625 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during strong or unfamiliar exercise cause exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome (EIGS), leading to poor health and decreased exercise performance. The application of conventional antioxidants can neither ameliorate EIGS nor improve exercise performance because of their rapid elimination and severe side effects on the mitochondria. Hence, a self-assembling nanoparticle-type antioxidant (RNPO ) that is selectively located in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract for an extended time after oral administration is developed. Interestingly, orally administered RNPO significantly enhances the running time until exhaustion in mice with increasing dosage, whereas conventional antioxidants (TEMPOL) tends to reduce the running time with increasing dosage. The running (control) and TEMPOL groups show severe damage in the GI tract and increased plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels after 80 min of running, resulting in fewer red blood cells (RBCs) and severe damage to the skeletal muscles and liver. However, the RNPO group is protected against GI tract damage and elevation of plasma LPS levels, similar to the nonrunning (sedentary) group, which prevents damage to the whole body, unlike in the control and TEMPOL groups. Based on these results, it is concluded that continuous scavenging of excessive intestinal ROS protects against gut damage and further improves exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuto Toriumi
- Department of Materials ScienceFaculty of Pure and Applied SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba1‐1‐1 TennoudaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐8573Japan
| | - Hajime Ohmori
- University of Tsukuba1‐1‐1 TennoudaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐8573Japan
- Faculty of Business Information SciencesJobu UniversityToyazukamachi 634‐1IsesakiGunma372‐8588Japan
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- Department of Materials ScienceFaculty of Pure and Applied SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba1‐1‐1 TennoudaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐8573Japan
- Master's School of Medical SciencesGraduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTennoudai 1‐1‐1TsukubaIbaraki305‐8573Japan
- Center for Research in Radiation, Isotope and Earth System Sciences (CRiES)University of TsukubaTennoudai 1‐1‐1TsukubaIbaraki305‐8573Japan
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceThe University of TokyoHongo 7‐3‐1Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐8654Japan
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15
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Zhou Y, Chu Z, Luo Y, Yang F, Cao F, Luo F, Lin Q. Dietary Polysaccharides Exert Anti-Fatigue Functions via the Gut-Muscle Axis: Advances and Prospectives. Foods 2023; 12:3083. [PMID: 37628082 PMCID: PMC10453516 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to today's fast-paced lifestyle, most people are in a state of sub-health and face "unexplained fatigue", which can seriously affect their health, work efficiency, and quality of life. Fatigue is also a common symptom of several serious diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, cancer, etc. However, the contributing mechanisms are not clear, and there are currently no official recommendations for the treatment of fatigue. Some dietary polysaccharides are often used as health care supplements; these have been reported to have specific anti-fatigue effects, with minor side effects and rich pharmacological activities. Dietary polysaccharides can be activated during food processing or during gastrointestinal transit, exerting unique effects. This review aims to comprehensively summarize and evaluate the latest advances in the biological processes of exercise-induced fatigue, to understand dietary polysaccharides and their possible molecular mechanisms in alleviating exercise-induced fatigue, and to systematically elaborate the roles of gut microbiota and the gut-muscle axis in this process. From the perspective of the gut-muscle axis, investigating the relationship between polysaccharides and fatigue will enhance our understanding of fatigue and may lead to a significant breakthrough regarding the molecular mechanism of fatigue. This paper will provide new perspectives for further research into the use of polysaccharides in food science and food nutrition, which could help develop potential anti-fatigue agents and open up novel therapies for sub-health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Zhongxing Chu
- National Engineering Research Center of Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Xiangya, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;
| | - Feiyan Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Fuliang Cao
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Feijun Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (F.L.)
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16
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Moir HJ, Maciejczyk M, Maciejczyk M, Aidar FJ, Arazi H. Editorial: Exercise-induced oxidative stress and the role of antioxidants in sport and exercise. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1269826. [PMID: 37654804 PMCID: PMC10466035 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1269826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J. Moir
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Faculty of Health, Science, Social Care and Education, Kingston University, London, United Kingdom
- EMJ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marcin Maciejczyk
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University School of Physical Education, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Felipe J. Aidar
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Hamid Arazi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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17
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Abate M, Pellegrino R, Di Iorio A, Salini V. Oxidative Stress and Performance after Training in Professional Soccer (European Football) Players. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1470. [PMID: 37508008 PMCID: PMC10376101 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamins, hormones, free radicals, and antioxidant substances significantly influence athletic performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether these biological mediators changed during the season and if this was associated with the rate of improvement in performance after training, assessed by means of a standardized test. Professional male soccer players took part in the study. Two evaluations were performed: the first in the pre-season period and the second at the mid-point of the official season, after about 6 months of intensive training and weekly matches. Blood levels of vitamins D, B12, and folic acid, testosterone and cortisol, free radicals, and antioxidant substances were measured. Two hours after breakfast, a Yo-Yo test was performed. The relationships between the biological mediators and the rate of improvement after training (i.e., the increase in meters run in the Yo-Yo test between the pre-season and mid-season periods) were evaluated by means of a linear mixed models analysis. Results: Eighty-two paired tests were performed. The athletes showed better performance after training, with an increase in the meters run of about 20%. No significant relationships between the vitamin and hormone values and the gain in the performance test were observed. Plasmatic levels of free radicals increased significantly, as did the blood antioxidant potential. An indirect relationship between oxidative stress and the improvement in performance was observed (free radicals β ± SE: = -0.33 ± 0.10; p-value = 0.001), with lower levels of oxidative stress being associated with higher levels of performance in the Yo-Yo test. Monitoring the measures of oxidative stress could be a useful additional tool for coaches in training and/or recovery programs tailored to each player.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Abate
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaello Pellegrino
- Department of Scientific Research, Campus Ludes, Off-Campus Semmelweis University, Pazzallo, 6912 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Angelo Di Iorio
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, Gabriele D'Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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18
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Micheli L, Bertini L, Bonato A, Villanova N, Caruso C, Caruso M, Bernini R, Tirone F. Role of Hydroxytyrosol and Oleuropein in the Prevention of Aging and Related Disorders: Focus on Neurodegeneration, Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction and Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071767. [PMID: 37049607 PMCID: PMC10096778 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a multi-faceted process caused by the accumulation of cellular damage over time, associated with a gradual reduction of physiological activities in cells and organs. This degeneration results in a reduced ability to adapt to homeostasis perturbations and an increased incidence of illnesses such as cognitive decline, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and skeletal muscle pathologies. Key features of aging include a chronic low-grade inflammation state and a decrease of the autophagic process. The Mediterranean diet has been associated with longevity and ability to counteract the onset of age-related disorders. Extra virgin olive oil, a fundamental component of this diet, contains bioactive polyphenolic compounds as hydroxytyrosol (HTyr) and oleuropein (OLE), known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. This review is focused on brain, skeletal muscle, and gut microbiota, as these systems are known to interact at several levels. After the description of the chemistry and pharmacokinetics of HTyr and OLE, we summarize studies reporting their effects in in vivo and in vitro models of neurodegenerative diseases of the central/peripheral nervous system, adult neurogenesis and depression, senescence and lifespan, and age-related skeletal muscle disorders, as well as their impact on the composition of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Micheli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Bertini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Agnese Bonato
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Noemi Villanova
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Carla Caruso
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Maurizia Caruso
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Felice Tirone
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
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19
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Zhang H, Shen Y, Kim IM, Liu Y, Cai J, Berman AE, Nilsson KR, Weintraub NL, Tang Y. Electrical Stimulation Increases the Secretion of Cardioprotective Extracellular Vesicles from Cardiac Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060875. [PMID: 36980214 PMCID: PMC10047597 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials have shown that electric stimulation (ELSM) using either cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) or cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) approaches is an effective treatment for patients with moderate to severe heart failure, but the mechanisms are incompletely understood. Extracellular vesicles (EV) produced by cardiac mesenchymal stem cells (C-MSC) have been reported to be cardioprotective through cell-to-cell communication. In this study, we investigated the effects of ELSM stimulation on EV secretion from C-MSCs (C-MSCELSM). We observed enhanced EV-dependent cardioprotection conferred by conditioned medium (CM) from C-MSCELSM compared to that from non-stimulated control C-MSC (C-MSCCtrl). To investigate the mechanisms of ELSM-stimulated EV secretion, we examined the protein levels of neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2), a key enzyme of the endosomal sorting complex required for EV biosynthesis. We detected a time-dependent increase in nSMase2 protein levels in C-MSCELSM compared to C-MSCCtrl. Knockdown of nSMase2 in C-MSC by siRNA significantly reduced EV secretion in C-MSCELSM and attenuated the cardioprotective effect of CM from C-MSCELSM in HL-1 cells. Taken together, our results suggest that ELSM-mediated increases in EV secretion from C-MSC enhance the cardioprotective effects of C-MSC through an EV-dependent mechanism involving nSMase2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhang
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yan Shen
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Il-man Kim
- Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 47405, USA
| | - Yutao Liu
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Jingwen Cai
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Adam E. Berman
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Kent R. Nilsson
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University/University of Georgia Partnership, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Neal L. Weintraub
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yaoliang Tang
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Correspondence:
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20
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Supruniuk E, Górski J, Chabowski A. Endogenous and Exogenous Antioxidants in Skeletal Muscle Fatigue Development during Exercise. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020501. [PMID: 36830059 PMCID: PMC9952836 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle fatigue is defined as a decrease in maximal force or power generated in response to contractile activity, and it is a risk factor for the development of musculoskeletal injuries. One of the many stressors imposed on skeletal muscle through exercise is the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which intensifies as a function of exercise intensity and duration. Exposure to ROS/RNS can affect Na+/K+-ATPase activity, intramyofibrillar calcium turnover and sensitivity, and actin-myosin kinetics to reduce muscle force production. On the other hand, low ROS/RNS concentrations can likely upregulate an array of cellular adaptative responses related to mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose transport and muscle hypertrophy. Consequently, growing evidence suggests that exogenous antioxidant supplementation might hamper exercise-engendering upregulation in the signaling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), peroxisome-proliferator activated co-activator 1α (PGC-1α), or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Ultimately, both high (exercise-induced) and low (antioxidant intervention) ROS concentrations can trigger beneficial responses as long as they do not override the threshold range for redox balance. The mechanisms underlying the two faces of ROS/RNS in exercise, as well as the role of antioxidants in muscle fatigue, are presented in detail in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Supruniuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-(85)-748-55-85
| | - Jan Górski
- Department of Medical Sciences, Academy of Applied Sciences, 18-400 Łomża, Poland
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
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21
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Wang D, Li ZX, Jiang DM, Liu YZ, Wang X, Liu YP. Magnesium ions improve vasomotor function in exhausted rats. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279318. [PMID: 36780490 PMCID: PMC9925009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To observe the effect of magnesium ion on vascular function in rats after long-term exhaustive exercise. Forty male SD rats were divided into two groups, the control group (CON group, n = 20) and the exhaustive exercise group (EEE group, n = 20). Exhausted rats performed 1W adaptive swimming exercise (6 times/W, 15min/time), and then followed by 3W formal exhaustive exercise intervention. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to detect the morphological changes of rat thoracic aorta. The contents of interleukin-1 β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum of rats were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin 1 (ET-1) in serum of rats were determined by biochemical kit. Vascular ring test detects vascular function. Compared with the CON group, the smooth muscle layer of the EEE group became thicker, the cell arrangement was disordered, and the integrity of endothelial cells was destroyed; the serum Mg2+ in EEE group was decreased; the serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, MDA and ROS in EEE group were significantly higher than those in the CON group (P are all less than 0.05); the serum NO content in EEE group was significantly decreased, and the ratio of NO/ET-1 was significantly decreased. In the exhaustion group, the vasoconstriction response to KCl was increased, and the relaxation response to Ach was weakened, while 4.8mM Mg2+ could significantly improve this phenomenon (P are all less than 0.01). The damage of vascular morphology and function in rats after exhaustion exercise may be related to the significant increase of serum IL-1β, TNF-α, ROS, MDA and ET-1/NO ratio in rats after exhaustion exercise, while Mg2+ can significantly improve the vasomotor function of rats after exhaustion exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zong-Xiang Li
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dong-Mou Jiang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan-Zhong Liu
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ping Liu
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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22
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Ferlito JV, Rolnick N, Ferlito MV, De Marchi T, Deminice R, Salvador M. Acute effect of low-load resistance exercise with blood flow restriction on oxidative stress biomarkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283237. [PMID: 37083560 PMCID: PMC10121002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this review was to analyze the acute effects of low-load resistance exercise with blood flow restriction (LLE-BFR) on oxidative stress markers in healthy individuals in comparison with LLE or high-load resistance exercise (HLRE) without BFR. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. These searches were performed in CENTRAL, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL and Virtual Health Library- VHL, which includes Lilacs, Medline and SciELO. The risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed through the PEDro scale and GRADE system, respectively. RESULTS Thirteen randomized clinical trials were included in this review (total n = 158 subjects). Results showed lower post-exercise damage to lipids (SMD = -0.95 CI 95%: -1.49 to -0. 40, I2 = 0%, p = 0.0007), proteins (SMD = -1.39 CI 95%: -2.11 to -0.68, I2 = 51%, p = 0.0001) and redox imbalance (SMD = -0.96 CI 95%: -1.65 to -0.28, I2 = 0%, p = 0.006) in favor of LLRE-BFR compared to HLRE. HLRE presents higher post-exercise superoxide dismutase activity but in the other biomarkers and time points, no significant differences between conditions were observed. For LLRE-BFR and LLRE, we found no difference between the comparisons performed at any time point. CONCLUSIONS Based on the available evidence from randomized trials, providing very low or low certainty of evidence, this review demonstrates that LLRE-BFR promotes less oxidative stress when compared to HLRE but no difference in levels of oxidative damage biomarkers and endogenous antioxidants between LLRE. TRIAL REGISTRATION Register number: PROSPERO number: CRD42020183204.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Vitor Ferlito
- Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Caxias Do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nicholas Rolnick
- The Human Performance Mechanic, Lehman College, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Marcos Vinicius Ferlito
- Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Caxias Do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thiago De Marchi
- Laboratory of Phototherapy and Innovative Technologies in Health (LaPIT), Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Deminice
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Mirian Salvador
- Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Caxias Do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
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23
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Antifatigue and microbiome reshaping effects of yak bone collagen peptides on Balb/c mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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24
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Bańkowski S, Petr M, Rozpara M, Sadowska-Krępa E. Effect of 6-week curcumin supplementation on aerobic capacity, antioxidant status and sirtuin 3 level in middle-aged amateur long-distance runners. Redox Rep 2022; 27:186-192. [PMID: 36125053 PMCID: PMC9518241 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2022.2123882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of 6-week supplementation with a daily dose of 2g of curcumin on VO2max and prooxidant/antioxidant homeostasis in middle-aged amateur long-distance runners during the preparatory period of the macrocycle. Methods Thirty runners were randomly assigned to a placebo group (PL) and a curcumin-supplemented group (CU). Their VO2max was assessed before supplementation and after 6 weeks of supplementation. Venous blood samples were collected from the participants at rest, immediately after exercise, and after 1h of recovery to evaluate the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx), non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH, UA) and sirtuin 3 level (SIRT 3), as well as the levels of oxidative stress markers (TOS/TOC, MDA, and 8-OHdG) and muscle damage markers (CK, LDH, and Mb). Results VO2max, the activity of enzymatic antioxidants, the concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidants, the levels of oxidative stress markers, and the levels of muscle damage markers did not change significantly in the CU group over 6 weeks of supplementation with curcumin. However, the resting concentration of SIRT 3 was found to be significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) compared with pre-supplementation. Conclusion Curcumin supplementation does not have a significant effect on VO2max and prooxidant/antioxidant homeostasis in runners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bańkowski
- Institute of Sport Sciences, the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Miroslav Petr
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michał Rozpara
- Institute of Sport Sciences, the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Sadowska-Krępa
- Institute of Sport Sciences, the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
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25
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Li S, Fasipe B, Laher I. Potential harms of supplementation with high doses of antioxidants in athletes. J Exerc Sci Fit 2022; 20:269-275. [PMID: 35812825 PMCID: PMC9241084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ismail Laher
- University of British Columbia, Canada
- Corresponding author.
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26
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Wang O, Zhang N, Han C, Huang J. Regular exercise combined with ferulic acid exhibits antiobesity effect and regulates metabolic profiles in high-fat diet-induced mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:957321. [PMID: 35967808 PMCID: PMC9363793 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.957321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise (Ex) has been recognized as an effective way of obesity prevention, but it shows a dual effect on the body's antioxidant system. Ferulic acid (FA) is a kind of phenolic acid with well-known antioxidant capacity and numerous health benefits. Therefore, the aim of the study was to compare the antiobesity effect of Ex, FA, and Ex combined with FA (Ex-FA) in vivo and to illustrate the potential mechanisms. Mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with or without administration of Ex, FA, and Ex-FA for 13 weeks. The body weight, antioxidant ability, Ex performance, and lipid profiles in the serum, liver, and skeletal muscle were compared among the groups, and serum metabolomics analysis was conducted. The results showed that Ex, FA, and Ex-FA exhibited a similar effect on body weight management. Ex had a more beneficial function by alleviating HFD-induced dyslipidemia than FA, while FA exerted a more efficient effect in mitigating lipid deposition in the liver and skeletal muscle. Ex-FA showed comprehensive effects in the regulation of the lipid contents in serum, liver, and skeletal muscle, and provoked enhancement effects on antioxidant ability and Ex capacity. Mice administered with Ex, FA, and Ex-FA showed different metabolic profiles, which might be achieved through different metabolic pathways. The findings of this research implied that Ex coupled with FA could become an effective and safe remedy for the management of dietary-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ou Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission of People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Nanhai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Han
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission of People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Huang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission of People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
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27
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Wang F, Han J, Wang X, Liu Y, Zhang Z. Roles of HIF-1α/BNIP3 mediated mitophagy in mitochondrial dysfunction of letrozole-induced PCOS rats. J Mol Histol 2022; 53:833-842. [PMID: 35951252 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-022-10096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathological physiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Mitochondrial quality control system is vital to maintaining mitochondrial function, includes mitochondrial biosynthesis, dynamics and mitophagy. While mitophagy as a specific autophagy, plays an important role in the mitochondrial quality control system and is mediated by some signaling pathways to eliminate the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α/B-cell lymphoma-2 adenovirus E1B 19 kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3). Our previous studies have found that excessive production of ROS and the decreased expression of HIF-1α in the ovaries of PCOS rats. Thus, we hypothesized that excessive ROS leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, attenuates HIF-1α/BNIP3-mediated mitophagy in the ovaries of PCOS rats, and further reduces the mitophagic defense. Firstly, the oxidative stress status was detected and found excessive ROS damages ovarian tissue in PCOS rats. Secondly, the marker proteins of mitochondrial biosynthesis/dynamics and amount were examined and found that their expression levels were abnormal, which showed that the abnormal mitochondrial quality control system leads to accumulate the excess or damaged mitochondria in PCOS ovaries. Finally, we detected the HIF-1α/BNIP3 pathway and found HIF-1α-mediated mitophagy is impaired in the ovaries of PCOS rats. Together, these results clearly demonstrated excessive ROS causes mitochondrial dysfunction via the abnormal mitochondrial quality control system, and attenuates HIF-1α/BNIP3-mediated mitophagic defense in the granulosa cells of PCOS rats, which will provide a new direction for further understanding the role of HIF-1α in the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in PCOS ovaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China.
| | - Junyong Han
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Measurement, Fujian Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Yiping Liu
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Zhenghong Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
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28
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Liu Y, Li C, Shen X, Liu Y. The use of traditional Chinese medicines in relieving exercise-induced fatigue. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:969827. [PMID: 35935864 PMCID: PMC9353218 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.969827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise-induced fatigue is a non-pathological fatigue and indicated by a reduction of muscle performance that is caused by excessive physical activity. It seriously affects the daily lives of people, in particular athletes, military personnel, and manual laborers. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to improving the adverse effect of exercise-induced fatigue on people’s daily activities. Thus, studies and applications of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in relieving exercise-induced fatigue have become the focus because of their good curative effects with fewer side effects. This review aims to document and summarize the critical and comprehensive information about the biological processes of exercise-induced fatigue, and to know the types of TCMs, their active components, and possible molecular mechanisms in alleviating exercise-induced fatigue. The peripheral and central mechanisms that cause exercise-induced fatigue have been summarized. A total of 47 exercise-induced fatigue relief TCMs have been collected, mostly including the types of visceral function regulation and emotional adjustment TCMs. Polysaccharides, terpenes, flavonoids/polyphenols are demonstrated to be the major bioactive components. The underlying molecular mechanisms are mainly related to the improvement of energy metabolism, elimination of excess metabolites, inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory response, regulation of HPA axis and neurotransmitters. Although current results are obtained mostly from animal models, the clinic trials are still insufficient, and a very few TCMs have been reported to possess potential hepatotoxicity. These findings still offer great reference value, and the significant efficacy in relieving exercise-induced fatigue is impossible to ignore. This review is expected to give insights into the research and development of new TCMs-derived drugs and health care products in relieving exercise-induced fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhou Liu
- School of Leisure Sports, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Congying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofei Shen
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofei Shen, ; Yue Liu,
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofei Shen, ; Yue Liu,
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29
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Lu Y, Deng B, Xu L, Liu H, Song Y, Lin F. Effects of Rhodiola Rosea Supplementation on Exercise and Sport: A Systematic Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:856287. [PMID: 35464040 PMCID: PMC9021834 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.856287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhodiola rosea (Golden Root Extract; RR) is an herbaceous perennial, which is native to high altitude areas, such as East Asia, Central Asia, Siberia, and North America. It has been studied for its positive pharmacological effects on health. However, only a handful of studies have evaluated the effects of RR as an exercise supplement for sport and physical activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Rhodiola can be used as a supplement to improve human exercise ability. Studies were reviewed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and conducted between August and November, 2021. Databases searched included Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed and East View Universal Database. Related terms were combined with keywords and MeSH subject headings using the corresponding Boolean operators: Rhodiola rosea, arctic root, roseroot, golden root, hongjingtian, and sports and exercise. A total of 10 papers were reviewed. Most of the studies reported that RR supplementation has a positive effect on athletic ability and sports performance, and no obvious adverse reactions were reported. Subjects taking RR showed a reduction in pain and muscle damage after exercise training, improved skeletal muscle damage, enhanced antioxidant capacity thereby reducing oxidative stress, reduced RPE scores, and improved athletic explosive power, but did not reduce the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scores. RR appears to act as a safe and effective supplementation for sport and exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lu
- School of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Bao'an District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luhua Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Bao'an District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanjiao Liu
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Bao'an District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yinzhi Song
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Bao'an District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fengxia Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Bao'an District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Fengxia Lin
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30
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González-Jamett A, Vásquez W, Cifuentes-Riveros G, Martínez-Pando R, Sáez JC, Cárdenas AM. Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Connexin Hemichannels in Muscular Dystrophies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020507. [PMID: 35203715 PMCID: PMC8962419 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are a heterogeneous group of congenital neuromuscular disorders whose clinical signs include myalgia, skeletal muscle weakness, hypotonia, and atrophy that leads to progressive muscle disability and loss of ambulation. MDs can also affect cardiac and respiratory muscles, impairing life-expectancy. MDs in clude Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. These and other MDs are caused by mutations in genes that encode proteins responsible for the structure and function of skeletal muscles, such as components of the dystrophin-glycoprotein-complex that connect the sarcomeric-actin with the extracellular matrix, allowing contractile force transmission and providing stability during muscle contraction. Consequently, in dystrophic conditions in which such proteins are affected, muscle integrity is disrupted, leading to local inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, Ca2+-dyshomeostasis and muscle degeneration. In this scenario, dysregulation of connexin hemichannels seem to be an early disruptor of the homeostasis that further plays a relevant role in these processes. The interaction between all these elements constitutes a positive feedback loop that contributes to the worsening of the diseases. Thus, we discuss here the interplay between inflammation, oxidative stress and connexin hemichannels in the progression of MDs and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlek González-Jamett
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (W.V.); (J.C.S.)
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (G.C.-R.); (R.M.-P.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.-J.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Walter Vásquez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (W.V.); (J.C.S.)
| | - Gabriela Cifuentes-Riveros
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (G.C.-R.); (R.M.-P.)
| | - Rafaela Martínez-Pando
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (G.C.-R.); (R.M.-P.)
| | - Juan C. Sáez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (W.V.); (J.C.S.)
| | - Ana M. Cárdenas
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (W.V.); (J.C.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.-J.); (A.M.C.)
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31
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Abate M, Salini V. Oxidative Stress, Testosterone, Cortisol, and Vitamin D: Differences in Professional Soccer Players of African and Caucasian Origin. Med Princ Pract 2022; 31:352-358. [PMID: 35764054 PMCID: PMC9485990 DOI: 10.1159/000525728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Under conditions of intense exercise, the production of free radicals and cortisol increases, whereas blood levels of testosterone and vitamin D decrease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the behavior of these parameters, ethnic differences, and their relationships with overtraining. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty professional soccer players were studied. Oxidative stress, testosterone, cortisol, and vitamin D were collected in pre- and mid-competitive season, and their differences in Africans and Caucasians were evaluated. RESULTS An increase in oxidative stress was observed in mid-season in both groups, but this was more significant in Africans (386 ± 162.6 vs. 277.8 ± 106.9 UCarr, p = 0.005; 2,965.4 ± 815.8 vs. 2,560.6 ± 608.1 BAP, p = 0.035). Levels of testosterone and vitamin D were higher in August compared to February in all participants; in both months, testosterone levels were higher in Africans (11.5 ± 2.4 vs. 9.1 ± 2.6, p = 0.004; 10.3 ± 1.6 vs. 7.7 ± 2.3, p = 0.000), whereas vitamin D levels were higher in Caucasians (39.4 ± 11.1 vs. 33.4 ± 9.7, p = 0.048; 31.8 ± 9.7 vs. 27.4 ± 9.4, in August and February, respectively). Insufficient/deficient levels of vitamin D were more frequently observed in Africans, but the difference was close to significance only in August. CONCLUSIONS Although lower levels of vitamin D and higher levels of cortisol and oxidative stress in mid-season in Africans could have a negative influence on performance, no symptoms of overtraining were observed, probably due to higher levels of testosterone which enable homeostatic balance.
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