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Palade J, Alsop E, Courtright-Lim A, Hsieh M, Whitsett TG, Galasko D, Van Keuren-Jensen K. Small RNA Changes in Plasma Have Potential for Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease before Symptom Onset. Cells 2024; 13:207. [PMID: 38334599 PMCID: PMC10854972 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), due to its multifactorial nature and complex etiology, poses challenges for research, diagnosis, and treatment, and impacts millions worldwide. To address the need for minimally invasive, repeatable measures that aid in AD diagnosis and progression monitoring, studies leveraging RNAs associated with extracellular vesicles (EVs) in human biofluids have revealed AD-associated changes. However, the validation of AD biomarkers has suffered from the collection of samples from differing points in the disease time course or a lack of confirmed AD diagnoses. Here, we integrate clinical diagnosis and postmortem pathology data to form more accurate experimental groups and use small RNA sequencing to show that EVs from plasma can serve as a potential source of RNAs that reflect disease-related changes. Importantly, we demonstrated that these changes are identifiable in the EVs of preclinical patients, years before symptom manifestation, and that machine learning models based on differentially expressed RNAs can help predict disease conversion or progression. This research offers critical insight into early disease biomarkers and underscores the significance of accounting for disease progression and pathology in human AD studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Palade
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (J.P.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (T.G.W.)
| | - Eric Alsop
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (J.P.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (T.G.W.)
| | | | - Michael Hsieh
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (J.P.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (T.G.W.)
| | - Timothy G. Whitsett
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (J.P.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (T.G.W.)
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, San Diego and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;
| | - Kendall Van Keuren-Jensen
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (J.P.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (T.G.W.)
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DNA Methylation Description of Hippocampus, Cortex, Amygdala, and Blood of Drug-Resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2070-2085. [PMID: 36602701 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03180-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation were observed in drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (DR-TLE), a disease that affects 25-30% of epilepsy patients. The main objective is to simultaneously describe DNA methylation patterns associated with DR-TLE in hippocampus, amygdala, surrounding cortex to the epileptogenic zone (SCEZ), and peripheral blood. An Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip array was performed in 19 DR-TLE patients and 10 postmortem non-epileptic controls. Overall, 32, 59, and 3210 differentially methylated probes (DMPs) were associated with DR-TLE in the hippocampus, amygdala, and SCEZ, respectively. These DMP-affected genes were involved in neurotrophic and calcium signaling in the hippocampus and voltage-gated channels in SCEZ, among others. One of the hippocampus DMPs (cg26834418 (CHORDC1)) showed a strong blood-brain correlation with BECon and IMAGE-CpG, suggesting that it could be a potential surrogate peripheral biomarker of DR-TLE. Moreover, in three of the top SCEZ's DMPs (SHANK3, SBF1, and MCF2L), methylation status was verified with methylation-specific qPCR. The differentially methylated CpGs were classified in DMRs: 2 in the hippocampus, 12 in the amygdala, and 531 in the SCEZ. We identified genes that had not been associated to DR-TLE so far such as TBX5, EXOC7, and WRHN. The area with more DMPs associated with DR-TLE was the SCEZ, some of them related to voltage-gated channels. The DMPs found in the amygdala were involved in inflammatory processes. We also found a potential surrogate peripheral biomarker of DR-TLE. Thus, these results provide new insights into epigenetic modifications involved in DR-TLE.
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Mu G, Xie Q, Liu Z, Zhang H, Meng X, Song J, Zhou S, Wang Z, Wang Z, Zhao X, Jiang J, Liao M, Bao J, Zhang F, Xiang Q, Cui Y. Identification of genetic biomarkers associated with pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of apixaban in Chinese healthy volunteers. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2023; 19:43-51. [PMID: 36867504 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2023.2184344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apixaban is a superior direct oral anticoagulant exihibiting interindividual variability in concentration and response in the real world. The present study aimed to identify genetic biomarkers associated with pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of apixaban in healthy Chinese subjects. METHODS This multicenter study included 181 healthy Chinese adults taking a single dose of 2.5 mg or 5 mg apixaban and assessed their PK and PD parameters. Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping was performed using the Affymetrix Axiom CBC_PMRA Array. Candidate gene association analysis and genome-wide association study were conducted to identify genes with a predictive value for PK and PD parameters of apixaban. RESULTS Several ABCG2 variants were associated with Cmax and AUC0-t of apixaban (p < 6.12 × 10-5) and also presented significant differences of anti-Xa3h activity and dPT3h according to different ABCG2 genotypes (p < 0.05). Besides, ABLIM2 variants were found to be associated with PK characteristics and F13A1 and C3 variants were associated with PD characteristics of apixaban (p < 9.46 × 10-8). CONCLUSION ABCG2 variants were found to be ideal genetic biomarkers for both PK and PD characteristics of apixaban. ABLIM2, F13A1 and C3 were identified as potential candidate genes associated with inter-individual variability of apixaban. This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03259399.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyan Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiufen Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hanxu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xianmin Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfang Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zining Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Maoxing Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiachun Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Haggerty DL, Grecco GG, Huang JY, Doud EH, Mosley AL, Lu HC, Atwood BK. Prenatal methadone exposure selectively alters protein expression in primary motor cortex: Implications for synaptic function. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1124108. [PMID: 36817148 PMCID: PMC9928955 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1124108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As problematic opioid use has reached epidemic levels over the past 2 decades, the annual prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) in pregnant women has also increased 333%. Yet, how opioids affect the developing brain of offspring from mothers experiencing OUD remains understudied and not fully understood. Animal models of prenatal opioid exposure have discovered many deficits in the offspring of prenatal opioid exposed mothers, such as delays in the development of sensorimotor function and long-term locomotive hyperactivity. In attempt to further understand these deficits and link them with protein changes driven by prenatal opioid exposure, we used a mouse model of prenatal methadone exposure (PME) and preformed an unbiased multi-omic analysis across many sensoriomotor brain regions known to interact with opioid exposure. The effects of PME exposure on the primary motor cortex (M1), primary somatosensory cortex (S1), the dorsomedial striatum (DMS), and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) were assessed using quantitative proteomics and phosphoproteomics. PME drove many changes in protein and phosphopeptide abundance across all brain regions sampled. Gene and gene ontology enrichments were used to assess how protein and phosphopeptide changes in each brain region were altered. Our findings showed that M1 was uniquely affected by PME in comparison to other brain regions. PME uniquely drove changes in M1 glutamatergic synapses and synaptic function. Immunohistochemical analysis also identified anatomical differences in M1 for upregulating the density of glutamatergic and downregulating the density of GABAergic synapses due to PME. Lastly, comparisons between M1 and non-M1 multi-omics revealed conserved brain wide changes in phosphopeptides associated with synaptic activity and assembly, but only specific protein changes in synapse activity and assembly were represented in M1. Together, our studies show that lasting changes in synaptic function driven by PME are largely represented by protein and anatomical changes in M1, which may serve as a starting point for future experimental and translational interventions that aim to reverse the adverse effects of PME on offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L. Haggerty
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Gregory G. Grecco
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Medical Scientist Training Program, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jui-Yen Huang
- The Linda and Jack Gill Center for Biomolecular Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Program in Neuroscience and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Emma H. Doud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Amber L. Mosley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Hui-Chen Lu
- The Linda and Jack Gill Center for Biomolecular Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Program in Neuroscience and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Brady K. Atwood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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Jia YZ, Liu J, Wang GQ, Song ZF. miR-484: A Potential Biomarker in Health and Disease. Front Oncol 2022; 12:830420. [PMID: 35356223 PMCID: PMC8959652 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.830420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Disorders of miR-484 expression are observed in cancer, different diseases or pathological states. There is accumulating evidence that miR-484 plays an essential role in the development as well as the regression of different diseases, and miR-484 has been reported as a key regulator of common cancer and non-cancer diseases. The miR-484 targets that have effects on inflammation, apoptosis and mitochondrial function include SMAD7, Fis1, YAP1 and BCL2L13. For cancer, identified targets include VEGFB, VEGFR2, MAP2, MMP14, HNF1A, TUSC5 and KLF12. The effects of miR-484 on these targets have been documented separately. Moreover, miR-484 is typically described as an oncosuppressor, but this claim is simplistic and one-sided. This review will combine relevant basic and clinical studies to find that miR-484 promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis in liver, prostate and lung tissues. It will provide a basis for the possible mechanisms of miR-484 in early tumor diagnosis, prognosis determination, disease assessment, and as a potential therapeutic target for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Zhao Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Geng-Qiao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zi-Fang Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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