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He X, Wang Z, Ge Q, Sun S, Li R, Wang B. Lactylation of nuclear receptor coactivator 4 promotes ferritinophagy and glycolysis of neuronal cells after cerebral ischemic injury. Neuroreport 2024; 35:895-903. [PMID: 39166386 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke remains a major cause of disability and mortality. Nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4)-mediated ferritinophagy is involved in cerebral ischemic injury. Additionally, lactylation regulates the progression of ischemia injury. This study aimed to investigate the impact of NCOA4 on ferritinophagy and glycolysis of hippocampal neuron cells and its lactylation modification. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated HT22 cell models were generated. Ferritinophagy was evaluated via detecting ferrous iron (Fe 2+ ), glutathione, malondialdehyde, and protein levels. Glycolysis was assessed by examining the glucose consumption, lactate production, and extracellular acidification rate. The lactylation was evaluated using immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting. Brain injury in vivo was analyzed by measuring brain infarct and neurological function. The results showed that NCOA4 expression was increased in the blood of patients with acute ischemia stroke, the peri-infarct region of the brain in MCAO mice (increased percentage: 142.11%) and OGD-treated cells (increased percentage: 114.70%). Knockdown of NCOA4 inhibited ferritinophagy and glycolysis of HT22 cells induced by OGD. Moreover, OGD promoted the lactylation of NCOA4 at lysine (K)450 sites, which enhanced NCOA4 protein stability. Additionally, interfering with NCOA4 attenuated brain infarction and neurological dysfunction in MCAO mice. Lactylation of NCOA4 at K450 sites promotes ferritinophagy and glycolysis of hippocampal neuron cells, thereby accelerating cerebral ischemic injury. These findings suggest a novel pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyin He
- Department of Neurology, The Air Force Hospital of Southern Theater Command, PLA, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Zhu Y, Sun C. Inactivation of cGAS signaling pathway mediated by TDP-43 deficiency protects microglia from hypoxia/reoxygenation induced injury. Brain Res 2024; 1839:148999. [PMID: 38761845 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microglia are damaged during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). This study was performed to investigate the regulatory effect of tAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) on microglia after cerebral I/R in vitro and in vivo. METHOD The hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) treated microglia and rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery were constructed respectively. The TDP-43 expression in brain tissues and microglia of each group was evaluated by qPCR and western blotting methods. Cell viability and cell apoptosis were combined to evaluate the degree of cell injury. As for animal experiments, neurological score and infarct volume were obtained to evaluate neurological injury. RESULTS The levels of TDP-43 in the brain tissues of I/R group were higher than that in sham group. Both TDP-43 and Iba1, a typical microglia marker, were expressed in the brain tissues. TDP-43 was also elevated in microglia with H/R treatment. Inhibition of TDP-43 significantly down-regulated neurological deficit scores of rats after I/R surgery, and weakened the H/R treatment induced injury by promoting cell viability, inhibiting cell apoptosis, down-regulating IL-6 and iNOS levels, and up-regulating Arg-1 and IL-10 levels. Inactivation of cGAS pathway mediated by TDP-43 knockdown protects microglia from H/R treatment induced injury. CONCLUSION The highly expressed TDP-43 level is associated with cerebral I/R, and inhibition of TDP-43 protects microglia from H/R induced injury through cGAS pathway in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhu
- Department of Emergency/Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Chen Sun
- Department of ENT, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
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3
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Shi M, Li Z, Tang Z, Zhou H, Huang X, Wei Y, Li X, Li X, Shi H, Qin D. Exploring the pathogenesis and treatment of PSD from the perspective of gut microbiota. Brain Res Bull 2024; 215:111022. [PMID: 38936669 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a psychological disease that can occur following a stroke and is associated with serious consequences. Research on the pathogenesis and treatment of PSD is still in the infancy stage. Patients with PSD often exhibit gastrointestinal symptoms; therefore the role of gut microbiota in the pathophysiology and potential treatment effects of PSD has become a hot topic of research. In this review, describe the research on the pathogenesis and therapy of PSD. We also describe how the gut microbiota influences neurotransmitters, the endocrine system, energy metabolism, and the immune system. It was proposed that the gut microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis and treatment of PSD through the regulation of neurotransmitter levels, vagal signaling, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation and inhibition, hormone secretion and release, in addition to immunity and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqin Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China.
| | - Zhenmin Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China.
| | - Zhengxiu Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China.
| | - Haimei Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China.
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China.
| | - Xinyao Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China.
| | - Xiahuang Li
- The People's Hospital of Mengzi, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Mengzi Honghe, China.
| | - Hongling Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming Yunnan, China.
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China.
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Chen J, Liu C, Li L, Tao W, Zhang X, Zhao S, Wang C, Huang L. Exogenous leptin alleviates glutamate-excitotoxic injury caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in mice by affecting the expression of glutamate transporters. Brain Res 2024; 1845:149201. [PMID: 39197570 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is characterized by high morbidity and mortality and a lack of effective therapeutic interventions. Leptin plays an important role in regulating oxidative stress, angiogenesis, hematopoiesis, etc. Although recent studies have found a neuroprotective effect of leptin, little is known about its role in cerebral ischemia. This study explores the possible roles and potential preventative mechanisms of leptin in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). An in vivo middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) mouse model was used to replicate the CIRI model, low (0.5 mg/kg), medium (1 mg/kg) and high (2 mg/kg) concentrations of leptin were injected intraperitoneally immediately after inserting the embolic line. After 1.5 h of ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion, we examined the neural function of the mice, collected brain tissue for histological examination, and screened for the optimal concentrations of leptin intervention. On this basis, we observed the changes of cortical apoptosis injury, intracellular calcium fluorescence intensity and astrocyte glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression and morphological changes. In addition, we also tested the expression of transporters and metabolism-related enzymes (VGLUT-1, VGLUT-2, GLAST, GLT-1, GS, ATP1α1), the expression of inflammatory factors and the content of glutamate (Glu). Compared with the I/R group, we found that leptin improved neurological deficits, reduced the area of infarcts, maintained the normal morphology of astrocytes (AST), downregulated the expression of VGLUT-1, and upregulates the expression of GLT-1 and GLAST, thereby reducing the content of Glu in the synaptic cleft. Our studies suggest that leptin may have a neuroprotective effect by decreasing the excitotoxicity of glutamate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China; Basic and Clinical Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China
| | - Chenxu Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China; Basic and Clinical Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China; Basic and Clinical Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China
| | - WeiTing Tao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China; Basic and Clinical Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China; Basic and Clinical Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China
| | - Shidi Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China; Basic and Clinical Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of General Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233040, China.
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China; Basic and Clinical Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China.
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Huang X, Zheng Y, Wang N, Zhao M, Liu J, Lin W, Zhu Y, Xie X, Lv Y, Wang J, Mo Y. Dichloroacetate Prevents Sepsis Associated Encephalopathy by Inhibiting Microglia Pyroptosis through PDK4/NLRP3. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02105-3. [PMID: 39177920 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Dichloroacetate (DCA), a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitor, is often used to treat lactic acidosis and malignant tumors. Increasing studies have shown that DCA has neuroprotective effects. Here, we explored the role and mechanism of DCA in Sepsis associated encephalopathy (SAE). Single-cell analysis was used to determine the important role of PDK4 in SAE and identify the cell type. GO and GSEA analysis were used to determine the correlation between DCA and pyroptosis. Through LPS + ATP stimulation, a microglia pyroptosis model was established to observe the expression level of intracellular pyroptosis-related proteins under DCA intervention, and further detect the changes in intracellular ROS and JC-1. Additionally, a co-culture environment of microglia and neuron was simply constructed to evaluate the effect of DCA on activated microglia-mediated neuronal apoptosis. Finally, Novel object recognition test and the Morris water maze were used to explore the effect of DCA on cognitive function in mice from different groups after intervention. Based on the above experiments, this study concludes that DCA can improve the ratio of peripheral and central M1 macrophages, inhibit NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis through ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). DCA can reduce neuron death caused by SAE and improve cognitive function in LPS mice. In SAE, DCA may be a potential candidate drug for the treatment of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuliang Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhao Zheng
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhui Liu
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofan Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ya Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junlu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yunchang Mo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Hong L, Xiao S, Diao L, Lian R, Chen C, Zeng Y, Liu S. Decreased AMPK/SIRT1/PDK4 induced by androgen excess inhibits human endometrial stromal cell decidualization in PCOS. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:324. [PMID: 39080028 PMCID: PMC11335245 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05362-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. Ovulatory dysfunction is recognized as a primary infertile factor, however, even when ovulation is medically induced and restored, PCOS patients continue to experience reduced cumulative pregnancy rates and a higher spontaneous miscarriage rate. Hyperandrogenism, a hallmark feature of PCOS, affects ovarian folliculogenesis, endometrial receptivity, and the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Decidualization denotes the transformation that the stromal compart of the endometrium must undergo to accommodate pregnancy, driven by the rising progesterone levels and local cAMP production. However, studies on the impact of hyperandrogenism on decidualization are limited. In this study, we observed that primary endometrial stromal cells from women with PCOS exhibit abnormal responses to progesterone during in vitro decidualization. A high concentration of testosterone inhibits human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) decidualization. RNA-Seq analysis demonstrated that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) expression was significantly lower in the endometrium of PCOS patients with hyperandrogenism compared to those without hyperandrogenism. We also characterized that the expression of PDK4 is elevated in the endometrium stroma at the mid-secretory phase. Artificial decidualization could enhance PDK4 expression, while downregulation of PDK4 leads to abnormal decidualization both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, testosterone excess inhibits IGFBP1 and PRL expression, followed by phosphorylating of AMPK that stimulates PDK4 expression. Based on co-immunoprecipitation analysis, we observed an interaction between SIRT1 and PDK4, promoting glycolysis to facilitate decidualization. Restrain of AR activation resumes the AMPK/SIRT1/PDK4 pathway suppressed by testosterone excess, indicating that testosterone primarily acts on decidualization through AR stimulation. Androgen excess in the endometrium inhibits decidualization by disrupting the AMPK/SIRT1/PDK4 signaling pathway. These data demonstrate the critical roles of endometrial PDK4 in regulating decidualization and provide valuable information for understanding the underlying mechanism during decidualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Hong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Lianghui Diao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruochun Lian
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong, China
| | - Su Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong, China.
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7
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Li J, Shen S, Yu C, Sun S, Zheng P. Integrated single cell-RNA sequencing and Mendelian randomization for ischemic stroke and metabolic syndrome. iScience 2024; 27:110240. [PMID: 39021802 PMCID: PMC11253530 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Although more and more evidence has supported that metabolic syndrome (MS) is linked to ischemic stroke (IS), the molecular mechanism and genetic association between them has not been investigated. Here, we combined the existing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data and mendelian randomization (MR) for stroke to understand the role of dysregulated metabolism in stroke. The shared hub genes were identified with machine learning and WGCNA. A total of six upregulated DEGs and five downregulated genes were selected for subsequent analyses. Nine genes were finally identified with random forest, Lasso regression, and XGBoost method as a potential diagnostic model. scRNA-seq also show the abnormal glycolysis level in most cell clusters in stroke and associated with the expression level of hub genes. The genetic relationship between IS and MS was verified with MR analysis. Our study reveals the common molecular profile and genetic association between ischemic stroke and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sen Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Pudong New area People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuchen Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Pudong New area People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Fan X, Song J, Zhang S, Lu L, Lin F, Chen Y, Li S, Jin X, Wang F. Luteolin-7-O-β-d-Glucuronide Attenuated Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Involvement of the Blood-Brain Barrier. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1366. [PMID: 38927572 PMCID: PMC11201472 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a common cerebrovascular disease with high mortality, high morbidity, and high disability. Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Luteolin-7-O-β-d-glucuronide (LGU) is a major active flavonoid compound extracted from Ixeris sonchifolia (Bge.) Hance, a Chinese medicinal herb mainly used for the treatment of coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, cerebral infarction, etc. In the present study, the protective effect of LGU on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was investigated in an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) neuronal model and a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) rat model. In in vitro experiments, LGU was found to improve the OGD/R-induced decrease in neuronal viability effectively by the MTT assay. In in vivo experiments, neurological deficit scores, infarction volume rates, and brain water content rates were improved after a single intravenous administration of LGU. These findings suggest that LGU has significant protective effects on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in vitro and in vivo. To further explore the potential mechanism of LGU on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, we performed a series of tests. The results showed that a single administration of LGU decreased the content of EB and S100B and ameliorated the abnormal expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin and metalloproteinase MMP-9 in the ischemic cerebral cortex of the tMCAO 24-h injury model. In addition, LGU also improved the tight junction structure between endothelial cells and the degree of basement membrane degradation and reduced the content of TNF-α and IL-1β in the brain tissue. Thereby, LGU attenuated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by improving the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. The present study provides new insights into the therapeutic potential of LGU in cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Fan
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (X.F.); (L.L.); (F.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Jintao Song
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (J.S.); (S.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Shuting Zhang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (J.S.); (S.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Lihui Lu
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (X.F.); (L.L.); (F.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Fang Lin
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (X.F.); (L.L.); (F.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (J.S.); (S.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Shichang Li
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (X.F.); (L.L.); (F.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Xinxin Jin
- Experimental Teaching Center of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China;
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (J.S.); (S.Z.); (Y.C.)
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9
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Cortes S, Farhat E, Talarico G, Mennigen JA. The dynamic transcriptomic response of the goldfish brain under chronic hypoxia. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 50:101233. [PMID: 38608489 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen is essential to fuel aerobic metabolism. Some species evolved mechanisms to tolerate periods of severe hypoxia and even anoxia in their environment. Among them, goldfish (Carassius auratus) are unique, in that they do not enter a comatose state under severely hypoxic conditions. There is thus significant interest in the field of comparative physiology to uncover the mechanistic basis underlying hypoxia tolerance in goldfish, with a particular focus on the brain. Taking advantage of the recently published and annotated goldfish genome, we profile the transcriptomic response of the goldfish brain under normoxic (21 kPa oxygen saturation) and, following gradual reduction, constant hypoxic conditions after 1 and 4 weeks (2.1 kPa oxygen saturation). In addition to analyzing differentially expressed protein-coding genes and enriched pathways, we also profile differentially expressed microRNAs (miRs). Using in silico approaches, we identify possible miR-mRNA relationships. Differentially expressed transcripts compared to normoxia were either common to both timepoints of hypoxia exposure (n = 174 mRNAs; n = 6 miRs), or exclusive to 1-week (n = 441 mRNAs; n = 23 miRs) or 4-week hypoxia exposure (n = 491 mRNAs; n = 34 miRs). Under chronic hypoxia, an increasing number of transcripts, including those of paralogous genes, was downregulated over time, suggesting a decrease in transcription. GO-terms related to the vascular system, oxidative stress, stress signalling, oxidoreductase activity, nucleotide- and intermediary metabolism, and mRNA posttranscriptional regulation were found to be enriched under chronic hypoxia. Known 'hypoxamiRs', such as miR-210-3p/5p, and miRs such as miR-29b-3p likely contribute to posttranscriptional regulation of these pathways under chronic hypoxia in the goldfish brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cortes
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5 20 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - E Farhat
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5 20 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ggm Talarico
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5 20 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - J A Mennigen
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5 20 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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10
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Wang Z, Zhang S, Cheng R, Jiang A, Qin X. Knockdown of RGMA improves ischemic stroke via Reprogramming of Neuronal Metabolism. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 218:41-56. [PMID: 38556067 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal energy metabolism dysregulation is involved in various pathologies of Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), yet the role of RGMA in neuronal metabolic reprogramming has not been reported. In this study, we found that RGMA expression significantly increased after I/R, and compared to control mice, mice with MCAO/R showed an increase in glycolytic metabolic products and the expression of glycolytic pathway proteins. Furthermore, RGMA levels are closely related to neuronal energy metabolism. We discovered that knockdown of RGMA can shift neuronal energy metabolism towards oxidative phosphorylation and the pentose phosphate pathway, thereby protecting mice from ischemic reperfusion injury. Mechanistically, knockdown of RGMA can downregulate PGK1 expression, reducing the increase in glycolytic flux following ischemia reperfusion. Moreover, we found that knockdown of RGMA can reduce the interaction between USP10 and PGK1, thus affecting the ubiquitination degradation of PGK1. In summary, our data suggest that RGMA may regulate neuronal energy metabolism by inhibiting the USP10-mediated deubiquitination of PGK1, thus protecting it from I/R injury. This study provides new ideas for clarifying the intrinsic mechanism of neuronal damage after I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shaoru Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ruiqi Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Anan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinyue Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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11
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Chen H, Zhang T, Yan S, Zhang S, Fu Q, Xiong C, Zhou L, Ma X, Wang R, Chen G. Protective effects of the bioactive peptide from maggots against skin flap ischemia‒reperfusion injury in rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29874. [PMID: 38694094 PMCID: PMC11058300 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemia‒reperfusion (I/R) injury is a frequently observed complication after flap surgery, and it affects skin flap survival and patient prognosis. Currently, there are no proven safe and effective treatment options to treat skin flap I/R injury. Herein, the potential efficacies of the bioactive peptide from maggots (BPM), as well as its underlying mechanisms, were explored in a rat model of skin flap I/R injury and LPS- or H2O2-elicited RAW 264.7 cells. We demonstrated that BPM significantly ameliorated the area of flap survival, and histological changes in skin tissue in vivo. Furthermore, BPM could markedly restore or enhance Nrf2 and HO-1 levels, and suppress the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TLR4, p-IκB, NFκB p65, p-p65, IL-6, and TNF-α in I/R-injured skin flaps. In addition, BPM treatment exhibited excellent biocompatibility with an adequate safety profile, while it exhibited superior ROS-scavenging ability and the upregulation of antioxidant enzymes in vitro. Mechanistically, the above benefits related to BPM involved the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 and suppression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Taken together, this study may provide a scientific basis for the potential therapeutic effect of BPM in the prevention of skin flap I/R injury and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Su Yan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qiuyue Fu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Chuchu Xiong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lina Zhou
- Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Yixing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yixing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Rong Wang
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
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12
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Fan W, Chen H, Li M, Fan X, Jiang F, Xu C, Wang Y, Wei W, Song J, Zhong D, Li G. NRF2 activation ameliorates blood-brain barrier injury after cerebral ischemic stroke by regulating ferroptosis and inflammation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5300. [PMID: 38438409 PMCID: PMC10912757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Arterial occlusion-induced ischemic stroke (IS) is a highly frequent stroke subtype. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that modulates antioxidant genes. Its role in IS is still unelucidated. The current study focused on constructing a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model for investigating the NRF2-related mechanism underlying cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Each male C57BL/6 mouse was injected with/with no specific NRF2 activator post-tMCAO. Changes in blood-brain barrier (BBB)-associated molecule levels were analyzed using western-blotting, PCR, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence analysis. NRF2 levels within cerebral I/R model decreased at 24-h post-ischemia. NRF2 activation improved brain edema, infarct volume, and neurological deficits after MCAO/R. Similarly, sulforaphane (SFN) prevented the down-regulated tight junction proteins occludin and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) and reduced the up-regulated aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) after tMCAO. Collectively, NRF2 exerted a critical effect on preserving BBB integrity modulating ferroptosis and inflammation. Because NRF2 is related to BBB injury regulation following cerebral I/R, this provides a potential therapeutic target and throws light on the underlying mechanism for clinically treating IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehui Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangchao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingju Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihe Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guozhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, 82 Zhong Shan Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Yue J, Xu J, Yin Y, Shu Y, Li Y, Li T, Zou Z, Wang Z, Li F, Zhang M, Liang S, He X, Liu Z, Wang Y. Targeting the PDK/PDH axis to reverse metabolic abnormalities by structure-based virtual screening with in vitro and in vivo experiments. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129970. [PMID: 38325689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
In humans and animals, the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) family proteins (PDKs 1-4) are excessively activated in metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and cancer, inhibiting the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) which plays a crucial role in energy and fatty acid metabolism and impairing its function. Intervention and regulation of PDH activity have become important research approaches for the treatment of various metabolic disorders. In this study, a small molecule (g25) targeting PDKs and activating PDH, was identified through multi-level computational screening methods. In vivo and in vitro experiments have shown that g25 activated the activity of PDH and reduced plasma lactate and triglyceride level. Besides, g25 significantly decreased hepatic fat deposition in a diet-induced obesity mouse model. Furthermore, g25 enhanced the tumor-inhibiting activity of cisplatin when used in combination. Molecular dynamics simulations and in vitro kinase assay also revealed the specificity of g25 towards PDK2. Overall, these findings emphasize the importance of targeting the PDK/PDH axis to regulate PDH enzyme activity in the treatment of metabolic disorders, providing directions for future related research. This study provides a possible lead compound for the PDK/PDH axis related diseases and offers insights into the regulatory mechanisms of this pathway in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianda Yue
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yekui Yin
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yaqi Li
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Tingting Li
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Zirui Zou
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Fengjiao Li
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Songping Liang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Xiao He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; New York University-East China Normal University Center for Computational Chemistry, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Peptide and Small Molecule Drug R&D Plateform, Furong Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
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14
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Fadoul G, Ikonomovic M, Zhang F, Yang T. The cell-specific roles of Nrf2 in acute and chronic phases of ischemic stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14462. [PMID: 37715557 PMCID: PMC10916447 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke refers to the sudden loss of blood flow in a specific area of the brain. It is the fifth leading cause of mortality and the leading cause of permanent disability. The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) controls the production of several antioxidants and protective proteins and it has been investigated as a possible pharmaceutical target for reducing harmful oxidative events in brain ischemia. Each cell type exhibits different roles and behaviors in different phases post-stroke, which is comprehensive yet important to understand to optimize management strategies and goals for care for stroke patients. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the protective effects of Nrf2 in experimental ischemic stroke, emphasizing the role of Nrf2 in different cell types including neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells during acute and chronic phases of stroke and providing insights on the neuroprotective role of Nrf2 on each cell type throughout the long term of stroke care. We also highlight the importance of targeting Nrf2 in clinical settings while considering a variety of important factors such as age, drug dosage, delivery route, and time of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Fadoul
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and RecoveryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Milos Ikonomovic
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare SystemPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and RecoveryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Tuo Yang
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and RecoveryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
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15
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Liu S, Jia X, Liu B, Liu Y, Yin H. Suppression of cerebral ischemia injury induced blood brain barrier breakdown by dexmedetomidine via promoting CCN1. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3750-3762. [PMID: 38364236 PMCID: PMC10929797 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-brain barrier (BBB) could aggravate cerebral ischemia injury. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) has been believed to play a protective role in cerebral ischemia injury-induced BBB injury. METHODS Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) models were established to simulate cerebral ischemia injury. Animal experiments included 4 groups, Sham, MCAO, MCAO+Dex, MCAO+Dex+sh-CCN1. Generally applicable gene set enrichment analysis was performed to analyze gene expression difference. Total collagen content and Evans blue staining were performed to measure infarct ratio and BBB breakdown, respectively. The cell apoptosis, mRNA and protein expression were measured through flow cytometry, PCR, and western blotting, respectively. The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in serum were measured with commercial ELISA kits. RESULTS Dex greatly promoted the expression level of CCN1. Dex suppressed cerebral ischemia injury, increased tight junction protein expression, improved the memory ability and neurological function of MCAO rats through targeting CCN1. The significant increase of inflammatory factors in the serum of MCAO rats were suppressed by Dex. Dex suppressed OGD induced increase of HRP permeability and promoting tight junction protein expression in vitro through regulating CCN1. The neurological function evaluation was performed with Neurological Severity Score (NSS) and Longa Score Scale. CONCLUSIONS Dex could remarkably alleviate cerebral ischemia injury by inhibiting BBB breakdown, inflammatory response, and promoting neurological function and tight junction protein expression via up-regulating CCN1. This study might provide a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of cerebral ischemia injury-induced BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangmei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuepeng Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
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16
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Abdel-Razek EAN, Mahmoud HM, Azouz AA. Management of ulcerative colitis by dichloroacetate: Impact on NFATC1/NLRP3/IL1B signaling based on bioinformatics analysis combined with in vivo experimental verification. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:667-682. [PMID: 37902927 PMCID: PMC10907436 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
The inflammatory response in ulcerative colitis (UC) could be relieved by the conventional immunomodulatory agents; 5-aminosalicylic acid, corticosteroids, or azathioprine. However, the low remission rates and the intolerance to these agents necessitate investigation of gene expression signature in UC that could influence the therapeutic efficacy of drugs, as well as the interference with persistence genes by novel therapeutic option. Three microarray datasets (GSE66407, GSE38713 and GSE14580) from the NCBI-GEO database were utilized. Differentially expressed genes between samples of patients with UC and healthy ones were analyzed using R software. In addition, in vivo study using oxazolone-induced UC in BALB/c mice was carried out to investigate the proposed therapeutic efficacy of dichloroacetate (DCA). The bioinformatics analysis revealed the persistence of NLRP3, NFATC1, and IL1B in UC despite treatment with common therapeutic agents. DCA administration to oxazolone-treated mice showed remarkable interference with those persistence genes. Western blotting analysis for NLRP3, NFATC1, nuclear/total NF-κB, and cleaved caspase-1 revealed the ability of DCA to reduce the expression levels of these proteins in oxazolone-treated mice. Additionally, the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-13 were reduced in colonic tissue by DCA treatment. The therapeutic efficacy of DCA was further confirmed by the apparent reduction in histopathological scoring, disease activity index, and the normalization of colon length. Therefore, DCA could be suggested as a novel and promising therapeutic option in UC based on its ability to interfere with the persistence of NFATC1/NLRP3/IL1B signaling. That merits further safety/toxicological pre-clinical assessment and update of bioavailability/metabolism data prior to clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heba M Mahmoud
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Amany A Azouz
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
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17
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Jiang D, Guo J, Liu Y, Li W, Lu D. Glycolysis: an emerging regulator of osteoarthritis. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1327852. [PMID: 38264652 PMCID: PMC10803532 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1327852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) has been a leading cause of disability in the elderly and there remains a lack of effective therapeutic approaches as the mechanisms of pathogenesis and progression have yet to be elucidated. As OA progresses, cellular metabolic profiles and energy production are altered, and emerging metabolic reprogramming highlights the importance of specific metabolic pathways in disease progression. As a crucial part of glucose metabolism, glycolysis bridges metabolic and inflammatory dysfunctions. Moreover, the glycolytic pathway is involved in different areas of metabolism and inflammation, and is associated with a variety of transcription factors. To date, it has not been fully elucidated whether the changes in the glycolytic pathway and its associated key enzymes are associated with the onset or progression of OA. This review summarizes the important role of glycolysis in mediating cellular metabolic reprogramming in OA and its role in inducing tissue inflammation and injury, with the aim of providing further insights into its pathological functions and proposing new targets for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingming Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingquan Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Linping District Nanyuan Street Community Health Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dezhao Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Yan W, He X, Wang G, Hu G, Cui B. Adipokine vaspin maintains angiogenesis and neurological function during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion via suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024; 87:415-425. [PMID: 38517781 DOI: 10.3233/ch-232077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor (vaspin) is an adipokine. It has been reported that decreased serum vaspin levels are significantly associated with stroke severity and prognosis. OBJECTIVE This article aims to explore the theoretical feasibility of vaspin supplementation for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS The I/R mouse models were constructed by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method, and the effects of vaspin on cerebral infarction, neurological function, angiogenesis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were explored. To verify the mediation of ER stress in the regulation of vaspin, human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) were subjected to ER stress agonist tunicamycin in vitro. The impacts of vaspin and tunicamycin on oxygen glucose deprivation/ recovery (OGD/R)-induced cell viability, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were examined. RESULTS Vaspin inhibited blood-brain barrier breakdown and infarction occurred in the brain tissue of the I/R mice. Vaspin also enhanced cerebral neovascularization and reduced the apoptosis. Additional tunicamycin increased the apoptosis of HBMECs and inhibited angiogenesis, reversing the protective effect of vaspin on cells. CONCLUSION Together, this study reveals that vaspin supplementation reduces cerebral infarction and works against neurological dysfunction. It maintains the survival and angiogenesis capacity of HBMECs by inhibiting ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Yan
- Department of Stroke, Xuchang Central Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Xuchang, Henan, China
| | - Xiuhua He
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xuchang Central Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Xuchang, Henan, China
| | - Guanjun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuchang Central Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Xuchang, Henan, China
| | - Guochao Hu
- Department of Stroke, Xuchang Central Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Xuchang, Henan, China
| | - Bin Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China
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19
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Zhang Y, Sun M, Zhao H, Wang Z, Shi Y, Dong J, Wang K, Wang X, Li X, Qi H, Zhao X. Neuroprotective Effects and Therapeutic Potential of Dichloroacetate: Targeting Metabolic Disorders in Nervous System Diseases. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7559-7581. [PMID: 38106446 PMCID: PMC10725694 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s439728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dichloroacetate (DCA) is an investigational drug used to treat lactic acidosis and malignant tumours. It works by inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase and increasing the rate of glucose oxidation. Some studies have documented the neuroprotective benefits of DCA. By reviewing these studies, this paper shows that DCA has multiple pharmacological activities, including regulating metabolism, ameliorating oxidative stress, attenuating neuroinflammation, inhibiting apoptosis, decreasing autophagy, protecting the blood‒brain barrier, improving the function of endothelial progenitor cells, improving mitochondrial dynamics, and decreasing amyloid β-protein. In addition, DCA inhibits the enzyme that metabolizes it, which leads to peripheral neurotoxicity due to drug accumulation that may be solved by individualized drug delivery and nanovesicle delivery. In summary, in this review, we analyse the mechanisms of neuroprotection by DCA in different diseases and discuss the causes of and solutions to its adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiyan Sun
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongxiang Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengyan Wang
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Shi
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Dong
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaifang Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Guo Z, Zhang Y, Huang A, Ni Q, Zeng C. Phenylbutyrate and Dichloroacetate Enhance the Liquid-Stored Boar Sperm Quality via PDK1 and PDK3. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17091. [PMID: 38069413 PMCID: PMC10707026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial insemination (AI) with liquid-stored semen is the most prevalent and efficient assisted reproduction technique in the modern pork industry. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex component X (PDHX) was demonstrated to be associated with sperm metabolism and affected the boar sperm viability, motility, and fertility. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinases (PDKs) are the key metabolic enzymes that regulate pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) activity and also the conversion from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. In the present study, two PDK inhibitors, Dichloroacetate (DCA) and Phenylbutyrate (4-PBA), were added to an extender and investigated to determine their regulatory roles in liquid-stored boar sperm at 17 °C. The results indicated that PDK1 and PDK3 were predominantly located at the head and flagella of the boar sperm. The addition of 2 mM DCA and 0.5 mM 4-PBA significantly enhanced the sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity (PMI), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and ATP content. In addition, DCA and 4-PBA exerted their effects by inhibiting PDK1 and PDK3, respectively. In conclusion, DCA and 4-PBA were found to regulate the boar sperm metabolic activities via PDK1 and PDK3. These both can improve the quality parameters of liquid-stored boar sperm, which will help to improve and optimize liquid-stored boar semen after their addition in the extender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (Z.G.); (Y.Z.); (Q.N.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (Z.G.); (Y.Z.); (Q.N.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Anqi Huang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China;
| | - Qingyong Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (Z.G.); (Y.Z.); (Q.N.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Changjun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (Z.G.); (Y.Z.); (Q.N.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
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21
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Sun XR, Yao ZM, Chen L, Huang J, Dong SY. Metabolic reprogramming regulates microglial polarization and its role in cerebral ischemia reperfusion. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:1065-1078. [PMID: 37339781 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
The brain is quite sensitive to changes in energy supply because of its high energetic demand. Even small changes in energy metabolism may be the basis of impaired brain function, leading to the occurrence and development of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Abundant evidence supports that metabolic defects of brain energy during the post-reperfusion period, especially low glucose oxidative metabolism and elevated glycolysis levels, which play a crucial role in cerebral I/R pathophysiology. Whereas research on brain energy metabolism dysfunction under the background of cerebral I/R mainly focuses on neurons, the research on the complexity of microglia energy metabolism in cerebral I/R is just emerging. As resident immune cells of the central nervous system, microglia activate rapidly and then transform into an M1 or M2 phenotype to correspond to changes in brain homeostasis during cerebral I/R injury. M1 microglia release proinflammatory factors to promote neuroinflammation, while M2 microglia play a neuroprotective role by secreting anti-inflammatory factors. The abnormal brain microenvironment promotes the metabolic reprogramming of microglia, which further affects the polarization state of microglia and disrupts the dynamic equilibrium of M1/M2, resulting in the aggravation of cerebral I/R injury. Increasing evidence suggests that metabolic reprogramming is a key driver of microglial inflammation. For example, M1 microglia preferentially produce energy through glycolysis, while M2 microglia provide energy primarily through oxidative phosphorylation. In this review, we highlight the emerging significance of regulating microglial energy metabolism in cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Zi-Meng Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Shu-Ying Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu, China
- Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
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22
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Camacho-Pereira J, Lai de Souza LO, Chichierchio MS, Rodrigues-Chaves C, Lomba LDS, Fonseca-Oliveira M, Carvalho-Mendonça D, Silva-Rodrigues T, Galina A. The NADase CD38 may not dictate NAD levels in brain mitochondria of aged mice but regulates hydrogen peroxide generation. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 209:29-39. [PMID: 37774804 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a time-related functional decline that affects many species. One of the hallmarks of aging is mitochondrial dysfunction, which leads to metabolic decline. The NAD decline during aging, in several tissues, correlates with increase in NADase activity of CD38. Knock out or pharmacological inhibition of CD38 activity can rescue mitochondrial function in several tissues, however, the role of CD38 in controlling NAD levels and metabolic function in the aging brain is unknown. In this work, we investigated CD38 NADase activity controlling NAD levels and mitochondrial function in mice brain with aging. We demonstrate that NADase activity of CD38 does not dictate NAD total levels in brain of aging mice and does not control mitochondrial oxygen consumption nor other oxygen parameters markers of mitochondrial dysfunction. However, for the first time we show that CD38 regulates hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation, one of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aging brain, through regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and alfa-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, as mitochondria H2O2 leakage sites. The effect may be related to mitochondrial calcium handling differences in CD38 absence. Our study highlights a novel role of CD38 in brain energy metabolism and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Camacho-Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Leveduras, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Osbourne Lai de Souza
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Leveduras, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil.
| | - Marina Santos Chichierchio
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Leveduras, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil.
| | - Camila Rodrigues-Chaves
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Fisiologia Mitocondrial, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil.
| | - Luiza de Sousa Lomba
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Fisiologia Mitocondrial, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil.
| | - Manoel Fonseca-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Fisiologia Mitocondrial, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Carvalho-Mendonça
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Leveduras, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil.
| | - Thaia Silva-Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Fisiologia Mitocondrial, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Galina
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Fisiologia Mitocondrial, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil.
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23
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Lin W, Zhao XY, Cheng JW, Li LT, Jiang Q, Zhang YX, Han F. Signaling pathways in brain ischemia: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 251:108541. [PMID: 37783348 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke occurs when the arteries supplying blood to the brain are narrowed or blocked, inducing damage to brain tissue due to a lack of blood supply. One effective way to reduce brain damage and alleviate symptoms is to reopen blocked blood vessels in a timely manner and reduce neuronal damage. To achieve this, researchers have focused on identifying key cellular signaling pathways that can be targeted with drugs. These pathways include oxidative/nitrosative stress, excitatory amino acids and their receptors, inflammatory signaling molecules, metabolic pathways, ion channels, and other molecular events involved in stroke pathology. However, evidence suggests that solely focusing on protecting neurons may not yield satisfactory clinical results. Instead, researchers should consider the multifactorial and complex mechanisms underlying stroke pathology, including the interactions between different components of the neurovascular unit. Such an approach is more representative of the actual pathological process observed in clinical settings. This review summarizes recent research on the multiple molecular mechanisms and drug targets in ischemic stroke, as well as recent advances in novel therapeutic strategies. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future prospects of new strategies based on the biological characteristics of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Lin
- Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhao
- Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jia-Wen Cheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Li-Tao Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Quan Jiang
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhang
- Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China.
| | - Feng Han
- Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China; Institute of Brain Science, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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24
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Guan X, Wei D, Liang Z, Xie L, Wang Y, Huang Z, Wu J, Pang T. FDCA Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Brain Injury after Cerebral Ischemic Stroke. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:3839-3854. [PMID: 37768739 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a deleterious cerebrovascular disease with few therapeutic options, and its functional recovery is highly associated with the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and neuroinflammation. The Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor fasudil (F) and the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) inhibitor dichloroacetate (DCA) have been demonstrated to exhibit neuroprotection in a series of neurological disorders. Hence, we synthesized and biologically examined the new salt fasudil dichloroacetate (FDCA) and validated that FDCA was eligible for attenuating ischemic volume and neurological deficits in the rat transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model. Additionally, FDCA exerted superior effects than fasudil and dichloroacetate alone or in combination in reducing cerebral ischemic injury. Particularly, FDCA could maintain the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) protein expression and the degradation of zonula occludens (ZO-1) and Occludin protein. Meanwhile, FDCA could mitigate the neuroinflammation induced by microglia. The in vivo and in vitro experiments further demonstrated that FDCA disrupted the phosphorylations of myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, including p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and limited excessive lactic acid metabolites, resulting in inhibition of BBB disruption and neuroinflammation. In addition, FDCA potently mitigated inflammatory response in human monocytes isolated from ischemic stroke patients, which provides the possibilities of a clinical translation perspective. Overall, these findings provided a therapeutic potential for FDCA as a candidate agent for ischemic stroke and other neurological diseases associated with BBB disruption and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery, New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Dasha Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery, New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery, New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Luyang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery, New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yifang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, P. R. China
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery, New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, P. R. China
| | - Tao Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery, New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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25
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Yao ZM, Sun XR, Huang J, Chen L, Dong SY. Astrocyte-Neuronal Communication and Its Role in Stroke. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:2996-3006. [PMID: 37329448 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03966-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system. These cells are an important hub for intercellular communication. They participate in various pathophysiological processes, including synaptogenesis, metabolic transformation, scar production, and blood-brain barrier repair. The mechanisms and functional consequences of astrocyte-neuron signaling are more complex than previously thought. Stroke is a disease associated with neurons in which astrocytes also play an important role. Astrocytes respond to the alterations in the brain microenvironment after stroke, providing required substances to neurons. However, they can also have harmful effects. In this review, we have summarized the function of astrocytes, their association with neurons, and two paradigms of the inflammatory response, which suggest that targeting astrocytes may be an effective strategy for treating stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Meng Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Shu-Ying Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
- Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
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26
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Schoenmann N, Tannenbaum N, Hodgeman RM, Raju RP. Regulating mitochondrial metabolism by targeting pyruvate dehydrogenase with dichloroacetate, a metabolic messenger. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166769. [PMID: 37263447 PMCID: PMC10776176 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Dichloroacetate (DCA) is a naturally occurring xenobiotic that has been used as an investigational drug for over 50 years. Originally found to lower blood glucose levels and alter fat metabolism in diabetic rats, this small molecule was found to serve primarily as a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitor. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, the catalyst for oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to produce acetyl coenzyme A. Several congenital and acquired disease states share a similar pathobiology with respect to glucose homeostasis under distress that leads to a preferential shift from the more efficient oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. By reversing this process, DCA can increase available energy and reduce lactic acidosis. The purpose of this review is to examine the literature surrounding this metabolic messenger as it presents exciting opportunities for future investigation and clinical application in therapy including cancer, metabolic disorders, cerebral ischemia, trauma, and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Schoenmann
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Tannenbaum
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Ryan M Hodgeman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Raghavan Pillai Raju
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America.
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27
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Marghani BH, Rezk S, Ateya AI, Alotaibi BS, Othman BH, Sayed SM, Alshehri MA, Shukry M, Mansour MM. The Effect of Cerebrolysin in an Animal Model of Forebrain Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury: New Insights into the Activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/Antioxidant Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12080. [PMID: 37569457 PMCID: PMC10418386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Forebrain ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury causes neurological impairments due to decreased cerebral autoregulation, hypoperfusion, and edema in the hours to days following the restoration of spontaneous circulation. This study aimed to examine the protective and/or therapeutic effects of cerebrolysin (CBL) in managing forebrain IR injury and any probable underlying mechanisms. To study the contribution of reperfusion to forebrain injury, we developed a transient dual carotid artery ligation (tDCAL/IR) mouse model. Five equal groups of six BLC57 mice were created: Group 1: control group (no surgery was performed); Group 2: sham surgery (surgery was performed without IR); Group 3: tDCAL/IR (surgery with IR via permanently ligating the left CA and temporarily closing the right CA for 30 min, followed by reperfusion for 72 h); Group 4: CBL + tDCAL/IR (CBL was given intravenously at a 60 mg/kg BW dose 30 min before IR); and Group 5: tDCAL/IR + CBL (CBL was administered i.v. at 60 mg/kg BW three hours after IR). At 72 h following IR, the mice were euthanized. CBL administration 3 h after IR improved neurological functional recovery, enhanced anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, alleviated apoptotic neuronal death, and inhibited reactive microglial and astrocyte activation, resulting in neuroprotection after IR injury in the tDCAL/IR + CBL mice group as compared to the other groups. Furthermore, CBL reduced the TLRs/NF-kB/cytokines while activating the Keap1/Nrf2/antioxidant signaling pathway. These results indicate that CBL may improve neurologic function in mice following IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma H. Marghani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, King Salman International University, El Tor 46612, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa Rezk
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I. Ateya
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Badriyah S. Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basma H. Othman
- Medical Experimental Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Samy M. Sayed
- Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
- Department of Science and Technology, Ranyah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali Alshehri
- Biology Department, College of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed M. Mansour
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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28
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Yan Z, Li S, Wang Y, Guo Y, Zhang L. Protective effects of a novel glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:587-597. [PMID: 37097106 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the effects of a novel glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor (NGPI) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Methods: Cerebral ischemia was induced in mice using a modified bilateral common carotid artery ligation model. To assess the effects of NGPI against CIRI, mice which had been administered with different doses of NGPI (1.25, 2.5, 5 mg/kg/day) for 7 days before the injury were evaluated for infarct volume, the apoptosis level of brain tissue, integrity of brain tissue and oxidative stress level. Results: NGPI effectively improved the infarct area, apoptosis of neurons, integrity of brain tissue and oxidative stress level of mice with CIRI. Conclusion: NGPI could effectively improve CIRI and deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research & Development of Hebei Province, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research & Development of Hebei Province, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Youde Wang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research & Development of Hebei Province, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Yachun Guo
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research & Development of Hebei Province, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
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Inhibition of the Glycolysis Prevents the Cerebral Infarction Progression Through Decreasing the Lactylation Levels of LCP1. Mol Biotechnol 2022. [PMID: 36574182 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00643-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCerebral infarction (CI), also known as ischemic stroke, has a high incidence rate and mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effect and mechanism of Lymphocyte cytosolic protein 1 (LCP1) in the CI progression. The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) treated rats and oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) stimulated PC12 cells were used to establish CI model in vivo and in vitro. The cell proliferation and apoptosis was determined by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Immunoprecipitation and western blot was performed to test the lactylation levels of LCP1. The cells were treated with cycloheximide to determined the protein stability of LCP1. The glucose uptake and lactate production was determined with commercial kits. The extracellular acidification rate were evaluated by Seahorse. The results showed that LCP1 was upregulated in the MCAO rats and OGD/R stimulated PC12 cells. LCP1 knockdown dramatically decreased the neurological score, infarct volume and the brain water content of MCAO rats. Besides, LCP1 knockdown promoted the cell viability while decreased the apoptosis rate of the OGD/R stimulated PC12 cells. Additionally, the global lactylation and lactylation levels of LCP1 was prominently enhanced in vivo and in vitro in cerebral infarction. 2-DG treatment prominently decreased it. In conclusion, inhibiting the glycolysis decreased the lactylation levels of LCP1 and resulted in the degradation of LCP1, which eventually relieved the CI progression.
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Chen X, Chen D, Chen P, Chen A, Deng J, Wei J, Zeng W, Zheng X. Dexmedetomidine Attenuates Apoptosis and Neurological Deficits by Modulating Neuronal NADPH Oxidase 2-Derived Oxidative Stress in Neonates Following Hypoxic Brain Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2199. [PMID: 36358571 PMCID: PMC9686745 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury is an important cause of neonatal neurological deficits. Our previous study demonstrated that dexmedetomidine (Dex) provided neuroprotection against neonatal hypoxic brain injury; however, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. Overactivation of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) can cause neuronal apoptosis and neurological deficits. Hence, we aimed to investigate the role of neuronal NOX2 in Dex-mediated neuroprotection and to explore its potential mechanisms. Hypoxic injury was modeled in neonatal rodents in vivo and in cultured hippocampal neurons in vitro. Our results showed that pre- or post-treatment with Dex improved the neurological deficits and alleviated the hippocampal neuronal damage and apoptosis caused by neonatal hypoxia. In addition, Dex treatment significantly suppressed hypoxia-induced neuronal NOX2 activation; it also reduced oxidative stress, as evidenced by decreases in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, malondialdehyde, and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, as well as increases in the antioxidant enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in neonatal rat hippocampi and in hippocampal neurons. Lastly, the posthypoxicneuroprotective action of Dex was almost completely abolished in NOX2-deficient neonatal mice and NOX2-knockdown neurons. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that neuronal NOX2-mediated oxidative stress is involved in the neuroprotection that Dex provides against apoptosis and neurological deficits in neonates following hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Dongtai Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Pinzhong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Andi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Jianhui Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Jianjie Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Weian Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiaochun Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Co-Constructed Laboratory of “Belt and Road”, Fuzhou 350001, China
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Exosome in Crosstalk between Inflammation and Angiogenesis: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Stroke. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:7006281. [PMID: 36052309 PMCID: PMC9427301 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7006281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelial dysfunction, associated with inflammation and vascular permeability, remains the key event in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemic stroke. Angiogenesis is essential for neuroprotection and neural repair following stroke. The neuroinflammatory reaction plays a vital role in stroke, and inhibition of inflammation contributes to establishing an appropriate external environment for angiogenesis. Exosomes are the heterogeneous population of extracellular vesicles which play critical roles in intercellular communication through transmitting various proteins and nucleic acids to nearby and distant recipient cells by body fluids and circulation. Recent reports have shown that exosomal therapy is a valuable and potential treatment strategy for stroke. In this review, we discussed the exosomes in complex interaction mechanisms of angiogenesis and inflammation following stroke as well as the challenges of exosomal studies such as secretion, uptake, modification, and application.
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Chen B, Kong X, Li Z, Hu W, Zhou H, Gao J, Cui Y, Li S, Wan Q, Feng Y. Downregulation of NF-κB by Shp-1 alleviates cerebral venous sinus thrombosis-induced brain edema via suppression of AQP4. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106570. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Mitochondrial DNA Efflux Maintained in Gingival Fibroblasts of Patients with Periodontitis through ROS/mPTP Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1000213. [PMID: 35720188 PMCID: PMC9201712 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1000213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria have their own mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Aberrant mtDNA is associated with inflammatory diseases. mtDNA is believed to induce inflammation via the abnormal mtDNA release. Periodontitis is an infectious, oral inflammatory disease. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) from patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) have shown to generate higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause oxidative stress and have decreased mtDNA copy number. Firstly, cell-free mtDNA was identified in plasma from CP mice through qRT-PCR. Next, we investigated whether mtDNA efflux was maintained in primary cultures of HGFs from CP patients and the possible underlying mechanisms using adenovirus-mediated transduction live cell imaging and qRT-PCR analysis. Here, we reported that mtDNA was increased in plasma from the CP mice. Additionally, we confirmed that CP HGFs had significant mtDNA efflux from mitochondria compared with healthy HGFs. Furthermore, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis can also cause mtDNA release in healthy HGFs. Mechanistically, LPS upregulated ROS levels and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening by inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK)2 expression, resulting in mtDNA release. Importantly, mtDNA efflux was even persistent in HGFs after LPS was removed and cells were passaged to the next three generations, indicating that mtDNA abnormalities were retained in HGFs in vitro, similar to the primary hosts. Taken together, our results elucidate that mtDNA efflux was maintained in HGFs from periodontitis patients through abnormal ROS/mPTP activity. Therefore, our work indicates that persistent mtDNA efflux may be a possible diagnostic and therapeutic target for patients with periodontitis.
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Zhang M, Wang Y, Bai Y, Dai L, Guo H. Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 May Benefit Cerebral Ischemia via Facilitating Lactate Transport From Glial Cells to Neurons. Front Neurol 2022; 13:781063. [PMID: 35547368 PMCID: PMC9081727 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.781063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) is expressed in glial cells and some populations of neurons. MCT1 facilitates astrocytes or oligodendrocytes (OLs) in the energy supplement of neurons, which is crucial for maintaining the neuronal activity and axonal function. It is suggested that MCT1 upregulation in cerebral ischemia is protective to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Otherwise, its underlying mechanism has not been clearly discussed. In this review, it provides a novel insight that MCT1 may protect brain from I/R injury via facilitating lactate transport from glial cells (such as, astrocytes and OLs) to neurons. It extensively discusses (1) the structure and localization of MCT1; (2) the regulation of MCT1 in lactate transport among astrocytes, OLs, and neurons; and (3) the regulation of MCT1 in the cellular response of lactate accumulation under ischemic attack. At last, this review concludes that MCT1, in cerebral ischemia, may improve lactate transport from glial cells to neurons, which subsequently alleviates cellular damage induced by lactate accumulation (mostly in glial cells), and meets the energy metabolism of neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Bai
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Limeng Dai
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Guo
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Huang Y, Liu J, He J, Hu Z, Tan F, Zhu X, Yuan F, Jiang Z. UBIAD1 alleviates ferroptotic neuronal death by enhancing antioxidative capacity by cooperatively restoring impaired mitochondria and Golgi apparatus upon cerebral ischemic/reperfusion insult. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:42. [PMID: 35379328 PMCID: PMC8981649 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00776-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuronal death due to over-oxidative stress responses defines the pathology of cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) insult. Ferroptosis is a form of oxidative cell death that is induced by disruption of the balance between antioxidants and pro-oxidants in cells. However, the potential mechanisms responsible for cerebral I/R-induced ferroptotic neuronal death have not been conclusively determined. UBIAD1, is a newly identified antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and vitamin K2 biosynthesis in the Golgi apparatus membrane and mitochondria, respectively. Even though UBIAD1 is a significant mediator of apoptosis in cerebral I/R challenge, its roles in ferroptotic neuronal death remain undefined. Therefore, we investigated whether ferroptotic neuronal death is involved in cerebral I/R injury. Further, we evaluated the functions and possible mechanisms of UBIAD1 in cerebral I/R-induced ferroptotic neuronal death, with a major focus on mitochondrial and Golgi apparatus dysfunctions. Results Ferroptosis occurred in cerebral I/R. Ferroptotic neuronal death promoted cerebral I/R-induced brain tissue injury and neuronal impairment. UBIAD1 was expressed in cerebral tissues and was localized in neurons, astrocytes, and microglia. Under cerebral I/R conditions overexpressed UBIAD1 significantly suppressed lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Moreover, upregulated UBIAD1 protected against brain tissue damage and neuronal death by alleviating I/R-mediated lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. However, UBIAD1 knockdown reversed these changes. Enhanced UBIAD1-mediated ferroptosis elevated the antioxidative capacity by rescuing mitochondrial and Golgi apparatus dysfunction in cerebral I/R-mediated neuronal injury. They improved the morphology and biofunctions of the mitochondria and Golgi apparatus, thereby elevating the levels of SOD, T-AOC and production of CoQ10, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-regulated nitric oxide (NO) generation as well as suppressed MDA generation. Conclusions The neuroprotective agent, UBIAD1, modulates I/R-mediated ferroptosis by restoring mitochondrial and Golgi apparatus dysfunction in damaged brain tissues and neurons, thereby enhancing antioxidative capacities. Moreover, the rescue of impaired mitochondrial and Golgi apparatus as a possible mechanism of regulating ferroptotic neuronal death is a potential treatment strategy for ischemic stroke. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00776-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention (Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurorestoration, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renming Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialin He
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renming Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renming Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengbo Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelin Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulai Yuan
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renming Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
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Celastrol Protects against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Inhibiting Glycolysis through Targeting HIF-1 α/PDK1 Axis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7420507. [PMID: 35035665 PMCID: PMC8754601 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7420507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is closely related to dysfunctional glucose metabolism. Celastrol is a bioactive compound that has been found to exhibit neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia, while whether it can protect against cerebral I/R injury by regulating glycolysis remains unclear. The goal of this study is to investigate the role of celastrol on cerebral I/R injury and its underlying mechanisms in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mice. Methods. To observe the protective effect of celastrol and select its optimal dosage for further study, neurological score, TTC staining, and HE staining were used to evaluate neurological function, cerebral infarct volume, and cortical cell damage, respectively. QRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), pyruvate dehydrogenasekinase1 (PDK1), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), glucose transporter1 (GLUT1), and hexokinase2 (HK2), respectively. The lactate production, ATP level, and glucose content were assessed by assay kits. Results. Our results indicated that celastrol dose-dependently improved neurological function and reduced cerebral infarct volume and cortical cell death of tMCAO mice, and its optimal dosage was 4.5 mg/kg. In addition, celastrol significantly blocked I/R-induced increase of LDHA, GLUT1, HK2, and lactate production as well as decrease of ATP level and glucose content. Moreover, celastrol inhibited the I/R-induced upregulation of HIF-1α and PDK1. Overexpression of HIF-1α by DMOG reversed the protective effect of celastrol on cerebral I/R injury and blocked celastrol-induced suppression of glycolysis. Conclusions. Taken together, these results suggested that celastrol protected against cerebral I/R injury through inhibiting glycolysis via the HIF-1α/PDK1 axis.
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De Rosa S, Iaconetti C, Eyileten C, Yasuda M, Albanese M, Polimeni A, Sabatino J, Sorrentino S, Postula M, Indolfi C. Flow-Responsive Noncoding RNAs in the Vascular System: Basic Mechanisms for the Clinician. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11020459. [PMID: 35054151 PMCID: PMC8777617 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular system is largely exposed to the effect of changing flow conditions. Vascular cells can sense flow and its changes. Flow sensing is of pivotal importance for vascular remodeling. In fact, it influences the development and progression of atherosclerosis, controls its location and has a major influx on the development of local complications. Despite its importance, the research community has traditionally paid scarce attention to studying the association between different flow conditions and vascular biology. More recently, a growing body of evidence has been accumulating, revealing that ncRNAs play a key role in the modulation of several biological processes linking flow-sensing to vascular pathophysiology. This review summarizes the most relevant evidence on ncRNAs that are directly or indirectly responsive to flow conditions to the benefit of the clinician, with a focus on the underpinning mechanisms and their potential application as disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore De Rosa
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.R.); (C.I.)
| | - Claudio Iaconetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (C.E.); (M.P.)
| | - Masakazu Yasuda
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Michele Albanese
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Alberto Polimeni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Jolanda Sabatino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Sabato Sorrentino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Marek Postula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (C.E.); (M.P.)
| | - Ciro Indolfi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.D.R.); (C.I.)
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